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Xu XL, Zhao Y, Chen MM, Li Y, Li Y, Wu SJ, Zhang JL, Zhang XS, Yu K, Lian ZX. Shifts in intestinal microbiota and improvement of sheep immune response to resist Salmonella infection using Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) overexpression. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1075164. [PMID: 36876076 PMCID: PMC9974671 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1075164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) identifies Gram-negative bacteria or their products and plays a crucial role in host defense against invading pathogens. In the intestine, TLR4 recognizes bacterial ligands and interacts with the immune system. Although TLR4 signaling is a vital component of the innate immune system, the influence of TLR4 overexpression on innate immune response and its impact on the composition of the intestinal microbiota is unknown. Methods Here, we obtained macrophages from sheep peripheral blood to examine phagocytosis and clearance of Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) in macrophages. Meanwhile, we characterized the complex microbiota inhabiting the stools of TLR4 transgenic (TG) sheep and wild-type (WT) sheep using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) deep sequencing. Results The results showed that TLR4 overexpression promoted the secretion of more early cytokines by activating downstream signaling pathways after stimulation by S. Typhimurium. Furthermore, diversity analysis demonstrated TLR4 overexpression increased microbial community diversity and regulated the composition of intestinal microbiota. More importantly, TLR4 overexpression adjusted the gut microbiota composition and maintained intestinal health by reducing the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and inflammation and oxidative stress-producing bacteria (Ruminococcaceae, Christensenellaceae) and upregulating the abundance of Bacteroidetes population and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, including Prevotellaceae. These dominant bacterial genera changed by TLR4 overexpression revealed a close correlation with the metabolic pathways of TG sheep. Discussion Taken together, our findings suggested that TLR4 overexpression can counteract S. Typhimurium invasion as well as resist intestinal inflammation in sheep by regulating intestinal microbiota composition and enhancing anti-inflammatory metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ling Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Ming Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Su-Jun Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Long Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Xing Lian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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A 90-Day Safety Study of Meat from MSTN and FGF5 Double-Knockout Sheep in Wistar Rats. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020204. [PMID: 35207492 PMCID: PMC8880117 DOI: 10.3390/life12020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MSTN and FGF5 gene knockout sheep generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 system exhibit the ‘double-muscle’ phenotype, and increased density and length of hairs, providing valuable new breeding material. In a previous study, we obtained MSTN and FGF5 double-knockout sheep of significant breeding value. In this study, we carried out a 90-day feeding study in Wistar rats to assess the safety of genome-edited mutton. Seven rat groups with 10 females and 10 males per group were fed different concentrations (3.75%, 7.5%, and 15%) of double-knockout mutton or wild-type mutton in a conventional commercial diet for 90 days. At the end of the feeding, routine urine and blood tests and measurements of blood biochemical indicators were performed. Furthermore, the major organs of each group of rats were weighed and examined histopathologically. Although there were significant differences among the groups in some parameters, all values were within the normal ranges. Therefore, the 90-day rat feeding study showed that the meat from MSTN and FGF5 double-knockout sheep did not have any long-term adverse effects on rat health. This study also provides valuable reference information for assessing the safety of meat from animals with knockout of multiple genes.
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A 90-Day Subchronic Toxicity Study of Consumption of GH-Transgenic Triploid Carp in Wistar Rats. FISHES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes7010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Genetic modification (GM) offers an alternative strategy to conventional animal breeding. The present study was carried out to investigate the potential health effects of the consumption of growth hormone-transgenic triploid carp (GH-ttc) through a 90-day subchronic rodent feeding study. Wistar rats (n = 10/sex/group) were given formulated diets containing GH-ttc or non-GM carp at an incorporated rate of 2.5%, 5%, or 10% (w/w) for 90 days. An additional control group of rats (n = 10/sex/group) was fed a basic rodent diet. During the 90-day study, clinical observation, ophthalmic examination, body weight, and food intake were evaluated. At the end of the study, rats were killed, and the hematology, serum chemistry, urine test, necropsy, and histopathology were assessed. Compared with the non-GM carp and the basic control groups, no biologically significant differences were observed on clinical signs of toxicity, body weights, food intake, hematology, serum chemistry, urinalysis, organ weight, and histopathology on selected organs for the GH-ttc group. The results of this 90-day subchronic feeding study indicated that, at the dose level used in this study, consumption of GH-ttc showed no subchronic toxicity to Wistar rats.
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Li Y, Zhao Y, Xu X, Zhang R, Zhang J, Zhang X, Li Y, Deng S, Lian Z. Overexpression of Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to the internalization and elimination of Escherichia coli in sheep by enhancing caveolae-dependent endocytosis. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:63. [PMID: 33966642 PMCID: PMC8108469 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00585-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gram-negative bacterial infections have a major economic impact on both the livestock industry and public health. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a crucial role in host defence against Gram-negative bacteria. Exploring the defence mechanism regulated by TLR4 may provide new targets for treatment of inflammation and control of bacterial infections. In a previous study, we generated transgenic sheep overexpressing TLR4 by microinjection to improve disease resistance. The defence mechanism through which TLR4 overexpression protected these sheep against pathogens is still not fully understood. RESULTS In the present study, we used Escherichia coli to infect monocytes isolated from peripheral blood of the animal model. The overexpression of TLR4 strongly enhanced the percentage of endocytosis and capacity of elimination in monocytes during the early stages of infection. This phenomenon was mainly due to overexpression of TLR4 promoting caveolae-mediated endocytosis. Pretreatment of the transgenic sheep monocytes with inhibitors of TLR4, Src signalling, or the caveolae-mediated endocytosis pathway reduced the internalization of bacteria, weakened the ability of the monocytes to eliminate the bacteria, and increased the pH of the endosomes. CONCLUSION Together, our results reveal the effects of TLR4 on the control of E. coli infection in the innate immunity of sheep and provide crucial evidence of the caveolae-mediated endocytosis pathway required for host resistance to invading bacteria in a large animal model, providing theoretical support for breeding disease resistance in the future. Furthermore, Src and caveolin 1 (CAV1) could be potentially valuable targets for the control of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueling Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
| | - Shoulong Deng
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhengxing Lian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Jiang L, Wang Y, Guo H, Sun Q, Xie E, Liuli H, Li Q, Xia Q. Toxicological evaluation of transgenic silkworms. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2020; 9:845-853. [PMID: 33447368 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfaa089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Safety of transgenic silkworms must be evaluated before their commercial application. We assessed subacute toxicity using a 28-day feeding study in rats. Eighty rats were evenly allocated into four groups, with each group containing 10 male and 10 female rats. Rats of three groups were fed dried transgenic silkworm H19.9A pupae with overexpressed endogenous Bmhsp19.9, transgenic silkworm A4SOR pupae with overexpressed exogenous SOR, or normal silkworm pupae at a dose of 3.0 g/kg/day, respectively. The fourth group served as a normal feeding control. The body weight, feed consumption, hematology response variables, serum biochemical parameters, organ weights, gross necropsy, and histopathologic of animals were evaluated. No mortality, adverse effects, or major differences in the evaluated parameters were observed in the groups fed transgenic pupae in comparison with the control, suggesting that transgenic silkworms are toxicologically equivalent to normal silkworms and are safe for consumption in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yumei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huizhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Enyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Haoyu Liuli
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Guo X, Zhang J, Li Y, Yang J, Li Y, Dong C, Liu G, Lian Z, Zhang X. Evaluating the effect of TLR4-overexpressing on the transcriptome profile in ovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:13. [PMID: 32760682 PMCID: PMC7392728 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-020-00124-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Background Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays an important role in the elimination of Gram-negative bacteria infections and the initiation of antiinflammatory response. Using the technology of pronuclear microinjection, genetically modified (GM) sheep with TLR4 overexpression were generated. Previous studies have shown that these GM sheep exhibited a higher inflammatory response to Gram-negative bacteria infection than wild type (WT) sheep. In order to evaluate the gene expression of GM sheep and study the co-expressed and downstream genes for TLR4, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from TLR4-overexpressing (Tg) and wild type (WT) sheep were selected to discover the transcriptomic differences using RNA-Seq. Result An average of 18,754 and 19,530 known genes were identified in the Tg and WT libraries, respectively. A total of 338 known genes and 85 novel transcripts were found to be differentially expressed in the two libraries (p < 0.01). A differentially expressed genes (DEGs) enrichment analysis showed that the GO terms of inflammatory response, cell recognition, etc. were significantly (FDR < 0.05) enriched. Furthermore, the above DEGs were significantly (FDR < 0.05) enriched in the sole KEGG pathway of the Phagosome. Real-time PCR showed the OLR1, TLR4 and CD14 genes to be differentially expressed in the two groups, which validated the DEGs data. Conclusions The RNA-Seq results revealed that the overexpressed TLR4 in our experiment strengthened the ovine innate immune response by increasing the phagocytosis in PBMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Guo
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300381 China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300381 China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yao Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jing Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300381 China
| | - Yihai Li
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300381 China
| | - Chunxiao Dong
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300381 China
| | - Guoshi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Zhengxing Lian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, 300381 China
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Liu Y, Zhang S, Zhou Q, Li S, Zhang J, Zhang L, Jiang S, Zhang Q, Zhou X, Wu C, Gu Q, Qian ZY. Subchronic feeding toxicity studies of drought-tolerant transgenic wheat MGX11-10 in Wistar Han RCC rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 137:111129. [PMID: 31935424 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A subchronic toxicity study were conducted in Wistar Han RCC rats to evaluate the potential health effects of genetically modified (GM), drought-tolerant wheat MGX11-10. Rats were fed a rodent diet formulated with MGX11-10 and were compared with rats fed a diet formulated with its corresponding non-transgenic control Jimai22 and rats fed a basal diet. MGX11-10 and Jimai22 were ground into flour and formulated into diets at concentrations of 16.25, 32.5, or 65%, w/w% and fed to rats (10/sex/group) for 13 weeks. Compared with rats fed Jimai22 and the basal-diet group, no biologically relevant differences were observed in rats fed the GM diet with respect to body weight/gain, food consumption/efficiency, clinical signs, mortality, ophthalmology, clinical pathology (hematology, prothrombin time, urinalysis, clinical chemistry), organ weights, and gross and microscopic pathology. Under the conditions of this study, the MGX11-10 diets did not cause any treatment-related effects in rats following at least 90 days of dietary administration as compared with rats fed diets with the corresponding non-transgenic control diet and the basal-diet group. The MGX11-10 diets are considered equivalent to the diets prepared from conventional comparators. The results demonstrated that MGX11-10 wheat is as safe and wholesome as the corresponding non-transgenic control wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghua Liu
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China
| | - Shujing Zhang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China
| | - Qinghong Zhou
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China
| | - Shufei Li
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China
| | - Shuqing Jiang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China
| | - Qing Gu
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China.
| | - Zhi Yong Qian
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011, China.
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Wei S, Yang D, Yang J, Zhang X, Zhang J, Fu J, Zhou G, Liu H, Lian Z, Han H. Overexpression of Toll-like receptor 4 enhances LPS-induced inflammatory response and inhibits Salmonella Typhimurium growth in ovine macrophages. Eur J Cell Biol 2018; 98:36-50. [PMID: 30522781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays a crucial role in innate inflammatory responses, as it recognizes gram-negative bacteria (or their products) and contributes greatly to host defense against invading pathogens. Though TLR4 overexpressing transgenic sheep, resistant to certain diseases related with gram-negative bacteria, had been bred in our previous research, the effects of overexpression of TLR4 on innate immune response remained unclear. In this study, TLR4 overexpressing ovine macrophages were obtained from peripheral blood, and it was found that the overexpression of TLR4 initially promoted the production of proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-6 by activating TLR4-mediated IRAK4-dependent NF-κB and MAPK (JNK and ERK1/2) signaling following LPS stimulation. However, this effect was later impaired due to increased internalization of TLR4 into endosomal compartment of the macrophages. Then the overexpression of TLR4 triggered TBK1-dependent interferon-regulatory factor-3 (IRF-3) expression, which in turn led to the induction of IFN-β and IFN-inducible genes (i.e.IP10, IRG1 and GARG16). Understandably, an increased IFN-β level facilitated phosphorylation of STAT1 to induce expression of innate antiviral genes Mx1 and ISG15, suggesting that TLR4 overexpressing macrophages were equipped better against viral infection. Correspondingly, the bacterial burden in these macrophages, after infection with live S. Typhimurium, was decreased significantly. In summary, the results indicated that overexpression of TLR4 could enhance innate inflammatory responses, initiate the innate antiviral immunity, and control effectively S. Typhimurium growth in ovine macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongbing Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jifan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosheng Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Juncai Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangbin Zhou
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, China
| | - Haijun Liu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhengxing Lian
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbing Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Xu X, Qi MY, Liu S, Song XT, Zhang JN, Zhai YF, Lu MH, Han HB, Lian ZX, Yao YC. TLR4 overexpression enhances saturated fatty acid–induced inflammatory cytokine gene expression in sheep. EUR J INFLAMM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2058739218792976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) can directly stimulate innate immune responses, thereby exacerbating inflammatory aspects of metabolic syndrome. Dietary SFAs act as ligands of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), triggering associated signaling pathways. In this study, we investigated the role of TLR4 in palm oil SFA-associated inflammatory cytokine gene expression in monocytes/macrophages and adipose tissue using TLR4-overexpressing genetically modified sheep. SFA stimulation resulted in upregulation of interleukin-6 ( IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α ( TNF-α), interleukin-8 ( IL-8), interferon-γ ( IFN-γ), and interleukin-10 ( IL-10), and TLR4 overexpression enhanced such SFA-induced inflammatory cytokine expression. Moreover, SFAs markedly activated MyD88-dependent signaling, including IL-1 receptor–associated kinase 4 ( IRAK4), TNF receptor–associated factor 6 ( TRAF6), and nuclear factor-κB ( NF-κB). Taken together, our results indicate that TLR4 overexpression enhances the SFA-induced inflammatory response through MyD88-dependent signaling in monocytes/macrophages and adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Mei-Yu Qi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu-Ting Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jia-Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yu-Fei Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ming-Hai Lu
- Department of Animal Science, Heilongjiang State Farms Science Technology Vocational College, Harbin, China
| | - Hong-Bing Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng-Xing Lian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Chang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Ozuna CV, Barro F. Safety evaluation of transgenic low-gliadin wheat in Sprague Dawley rats: An alternative to the gluten free diet with no subchronic adverse effects. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 107:176-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Yao YC, Han HB, Song XT, Deng SL, Liu YF, Lu MH, Zhang YH, Qi MY, He HJ, Wang SM, Liu GS, Li W, Lian ZX. Growth performance, reproductive traits and offspring survivability of genetically modified rams overexpressing toll-like receptor 4. Theriogenology 2017; 96:103-110. [PMID: 28532825 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Genetic modification provides a means to enhancing disease resistance in animals. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the TLR family, is critical for the recognition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/endotoxin from Gram-negative bacteria by host immune cells, which initiates cell activation and subsequently triggers a proinflammatory response to the invading pathogens. In this study, the first generation of genetically modified (GM) sheep overexpressing TLR4 was produced by microinjection for better disease resistance. Compared with wild-type (WT) rams, the GM rams have similar growth performance, basic semen quality and spermatozoon ultrastructure. The offspring birth rates after cervical artificial insemination were also similar between GM (90.32%) and WT (92.38%) rams. Overall, the presence and expression of the TLR4 transgene in the genome did not appear to interfere with normal semen production, reproductive traits and the ability of transgene transmission to offspring. The expression levels of TLR4, tumor necrosis factor and interferon gamma genes in monocyte/macrophages from GM sheep were significantly higher than that from WT sheep at early stages after LPS stimulation. The GM offspring born from the founder transgenic ram inseminated ewes had similar survival rate with WT offspring (88.89% vs 84.86%) at weaning. The TLR4 transgene showed no deleterious effects on growth performance, reproductive traits and offspring survivability of GM rams. Therefore, the GM sheep overexpressing TLR4 provide a powerful experimental model for analyzing function of TLR4 in vivo during infection and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hong-Bing Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xu-Ting Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, PR China
| | - Shou-Long Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yu-Feng Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Ming-Hai Lu
- Department of Animal Science, Heilongjiang State Farms Science Technology Vocational College, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yun-Hai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, PR China
| | - Mei-Yu Qi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hai-Juan He
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, PR China
| | - Su-Mei Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Heilongjiang Polytechnic, Harbin, PR China
| | - Guo-Shi Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Wu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Zheng-Xing Lian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China.
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A 90-Day Feeding Study in Rats to Assess the Safety of Genetically Engineered Pork. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165843. [PMID: 27812153 PMCID: PMC5094721 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Our laboratory recently produced genetically engineered (GE) Meishan pigs containing a ZFN-edited myostatin loss-of-function mutant. These GE pigs develop and grow as normal as wild type pigs but produce pork with greater lean yield and lower fat mass. To assess any potential subchronic toxicity risks of this GE pork, a 90-day feeding study was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were randomly divided into five groups, and fed for 90 days with basic diet and basic diets formulated with low dose and high dose pork prepared from wild type pigs and GE pigs, respectively. Animal behaviors and clinical signs were monitored twice daily, and body weight and food consumption were measured and recorded weekly. At days 45 and 90, blood tests (lipid panel, electrolytes, parameters related to liver and kidney functions, and complete blood counts) were performed. Additionally, gross pathology and histopathological analyses were performed for major organs in each group. Data analysis shows that there were no significant differences in growth rate, food consumption, and blood test parameters between rat groups fed with GE pork and wild type pork. Although differences in some liver function parameters (such as aspartate aminotransferase, total proteins, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase) and white blood cell counts (such as lymphocyte percentage and monocyte percentage) were observed between rats fed with high dose GE pork and basic diet, all test results in rats fed with GE pork are in the normal range. Additionally, there are no apparent lesions noted in all organs isolated from rats in all five feeding groups on days 45 and 90. Overall, our results clearly indicate that food consumption of GE pork produced by ZFN-edited myostatin loss-of-function mutant pigs did not have any long-term adverse effects on the health status in rats.
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