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Lambo S, Trinh DL, Ries RE, Jin D, Setiadi A, Ng M, Leblanc VG, Loken MR, Brodersen LE, Dai F, Pardo LM, Ma X, Vercauteren SM, Meshinchi S, Marra MA. A longitudinal single-cell atlas of treatment response in pediatric AML. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:2117-2135.e12. [PMID: 37977148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pAML) is characterized by heterogeneous cellular composition, driver alterations and prognosis. Characterization of this heterogeneity and how it affects treatment response remains understudied in pediatric patients. We used single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell ATAC sequencing to profile 28 patients representing different pAML subtypes at diagnosis, remission and relapse. At diagnosis, cellular composition differed between genetic subgroups. Upon relapse, cellular hierarchies transitioned toward a more primitive state regardless of subtype. Primitive cells in the relapsed tumor were distinct compared to cells at diagnosis, with under-representation of myeloid transcriptional programs and over-representation of other lineage programs. In some patients, this was accompanied by the appearance of a B-lymphoid-like hierarchy. Our data thus reveal the emergence of apparent subtype-specific plasticity upon treatment and inform on potentially targetable processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander Lambo
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Diane L Trinh
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Rhonda E Ries
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dan Jin
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Audi Setiadi
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Division of Hematopathology, Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michelle Ng
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics and Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Veronique G Leblanc
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Fangyan Dai
- Hematologics, Incorporated, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Xiaotu Ma
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Suzanne M Vercauteren
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Division of Hematopathology, Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Soheil Meshinchi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marco A Marra
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Medical Genetics and Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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2
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Makkar H, Majhi RK, Goel H, Gupta AK, Chopra A, Tanwar P, Seth R. Acute myeloid leukemia: novel mutations and their clinical implications. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BLOOD RESEARCH 2023; 13:12-27. [PMID: 36937458 PMCID: PMC10017594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogenous and challenging hematological malignancy with suboptimal outcomes. The implications of advanced technologies in the genetic characterization of AML have enhanced the understanding of individualized patient risk, which has also led to the development of new therapeutic strategies. A comprehensive study of novel mutations is essential to moderate the complicacies in patient management and achieve optimal outcomes in AML. In this review, we summarized the clinical relevance of important novel mutations, including TET2, ETV6, SATB1, EZH2, PTPN11, and U2AF1, which impact the prognosis of AML. TET2 mutation can lead to DNA hypermethylation, and gene fusion, and mutation in ETV6 disrupts hematopoietic transcription machinery, SATB1 downregulation aggravates the disease, and EZH2 mutation confers resistance to chemotherapy. PTPN11 mutation influences the RAS-MAPK signaling pathway, and U2AF1 alters the splicing of downstream mRNA. The systemic influence of these mutations has adverse consequences. Therefore, extensive research on novel mutations and their mechanism of action in the pathogenesis of AML is vital. This study lays out the perspective of expanding the apprehension about AML and novel drug targets. The combination of advanced genetic techniques, risk stratification, ongoing improvements, and innovations in treatment strategy will undoubtedly lead to improved survival outcomes in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Makkar
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Majhi
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029, India
| | - Harsh Goel
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, Dr. B.R.A. IRCH, All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029, India
| | - Aditya Kumar Gupta
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029, India
| | - Anita Chopra
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, Dr. B.R.A. IRCH, All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pranay Tanwar
- Laboratory Oncology Unit, Dr. B.R.A. IRCH, All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rachna Seth
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew Delhi 110029, India
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3
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Stratmann S, Yones SA, Garbulowski M, Sun J, Skaftason A, Mayrhofer M, Norgren N, Herlin MK, Sundström C, Eriksson A, Höglund M, Palle J, Abrahamsson J, Jahnukainen K, Munthe-Kaas MC, Zeller B, Tamm KP, Cavelier L, Komorowski J, Holmfeldt L. Transcriptomic analysis reveals proinflammatory signatures associated with acute myeloid leukemia progression. Blood Adv 2022; 6:152-164. [PMID: 34619772 PMCID: PMC8753201 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021004962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have been performed over the last decade to exploit the complexity of genomic and transcriptomic lesions driving the initiation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). These studies have helped improve risk classification and treatment options. Detailed molecular characterization of longitudinal AML samples is sparse, however; meanwhile, relapse and therapy resistance represent the main challenges in AML care. To this end, we performed transcriptome-wide RNA sequencing of longitudinal diagnosis, relapse, and/or primary resistant samples from 47 adult and 23 pediatric AML patients with known mutational background. Gene expression analysis revealed the association of short event-free survival with overexpression of GLI2 and IL1R1, as well as downregulation of ST18. Moreover, CR1 downregulation and DPEP1 upregulation were associated with AML relapse both in adults and children. Finally, machine learning-based and network-based analysis identified overexpressed CD6 and downregulated INSR as highly copredictive genes depicting important relapse-associated characteristics among adult patients with AML. Our findings highlight the importance of a tumor-promoting inflammatory environment in leukemia progression, as indicated by several of the herein identified differentially expressed genes. Together, this knowledge provides the foundation for novel personalized drug targets and has the potential to maximize the benefit of current treatments to improve cure rates in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara A. Yones
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mateusz Garbulowski
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jitong Sun
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and
| | - Aron Skaftason
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Markus Mayrhofer
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nina Norgren
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Morten Krogh Herlin
- Department of Clinical Medicine and
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Josefine Palle
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Abrahamsson
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kirsi Jahnukainen
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Monica Cheng Munthe-Kaas
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bernward Zeller
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Katja Pokrovskaja Tamm
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jan Komorowski
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Medicine and
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Medical Sciences and
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute of Computer Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Washington National Primate Research Center, Seattle, WA; and
| | - Linda Holmfeldt
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology and
- The Beijer Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
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Zhou H, Jia X, Yang F, Shi P. Long noncoding RNA SATB1-AS1 contributes to the chemotherapy resistance through the microRNA-580/ 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 axis in acute myeloid leukemia. Bioengineered 2021; 12:6403-6417. [PMID: 34516354 PMCID: PMC8806783 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1971508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents a hematopoietic cancer with an invasive property. Chemoresistance blunts the therapeutic effect of chemotherapeutics in AML. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in chemotherapy resistance in AML. Transcriptome sequencing in the current study was applied to clarify the differentially expressed lncRNAs between peripheral blood mononuclear cells of AML and normal samples. The expression of special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 antisense RNA 1 (SATB1-AS1) and 2ʹ-5ʹ-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 (OAS2) in AML patients was evaluated by qRT-PCR. The relationships among SATB1-AS1, microRNA-580 (miR-580) and OAS2 were investigated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. We observed that SATB1-AS1 and OAS2 were upregulated, while miR-580 was downregulated in AML patients. SATB1-AS1 depletion suppressed proliferation, and enhanced apoptosis and sensitivity of AML cells. Additionally, SATB1-AS1 promoted the expression of OAS2 by acting as a molecular sponge of miR-580 in AML. miR-580 downregulation, OAS2 overexpression and a selective glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β inhibitor AR-A014418 abolished the effects of SATB1-AS1 deletion on the chemosensitivity of AML cells. In conclusion, SATB1-AS1 knockdown promotes the sensitivity of AML cells by upregulating miR-580 and downregulating OAS2 through the GSK3β/β-catenin pathway, providing new insights into the function of SATB1-AS1 as a miRNA sponge in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Jia
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Shi
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
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5
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Depreter B, De Moerloose B, Vandepoele K, Uyttebroeck A, Van Damme A, Terras E, Denys B, Dedeken L, Dresse MF, Van der Werff Ten Bosch J, Hofmans M, Philippé J, Lammens T. Deciphering molecular heterogeneity in pediatric AML using a cancer vs. normal transcriptomic approach. Pediatr Res 2021; 89:1695-1705. [PMID: 33069162 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-01199-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Still 30-40% of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pedAML) patients relapse. Delineation of the transcriptomic profile of leukemic subpopulations could aid in a better understanding of molecular biology and provide novel biomarkers. METHODS Using microarray profiling and quantitative PCR validation, transcript expression was measured in leukemic stem cells (LSC, n = 24) and leukemic blasts (L-blast, n = 25) from pedAML patients in comparison to hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs, n = 19) and control myeloblasts (C-blast, n = 20) sorted from healthy subjects. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to identify relevant gene set enrichment signatures, and functional protein associations were identified by STRING analysis. RESULTS Highly significantly overexpressed genes in LSC and L-blast were identified with a vast majority not studied in AML. CDKN1A, CFP, and CFD (LSC) and HOMER3, CTSA, and GADD45B (L-blast) represent potentially interesting biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Eleven LSC downregulated targets were identified that potentially qualify as tumor suppressor genes, with MYCT1, PBX1, and PTPRD of highest interest. Inflammatory and immune dysregulation appeared to be perturbed biological networks in LSC, whereas dysregulated metabolic profiles were observed in L-blast. CONCLUSION Our study illustrates the power of taking into account cell population heterogeneity and reveals novel targets eligible for functional evaluation and therapy in pedAML. IMPACT Novel transcriptional targets were discovered showing a significant differential expression in LSCs and blasts from pedAML patients compared to their normal counterparts from healthy controls. Deregulated pathways, including immune and metabolic dysregulation, were addressed for the first time in children, offering a deeper understanding of the molecular pathogenesis. These novel targets have the potential of acting as biomarkers for risk stratification, follow-up, and targeted therapy. Multiple LSC-downregulated targets endow tumor suppressor roles in other cancer entities, and further investigation whether hypomethylating therapy could result into LSC eradication in pedAML is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Depreter
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Barbara De Moerloose
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karl Vandepoele
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne Uyttebroeck
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium
| | - An Van Damme
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, University Hospital Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eva Terras
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Barbara Denys
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurence Dedeken
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Queen Fabiola Children's University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Mattias Hofmans
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Philippé
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Lammens
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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6
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Stiehl T, Wang W, Lutz C, Marciniak-Czochra A. Mathematical Modeling Provides Evidence for Niche Competition in Human AML and Serves as a Tool to Improve Risk Stratification. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3983-3992. [PMID: 32651258 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a stem cell-driven malignant disease. There is evidence that leukemic stem cells (LSC) interact with stem cell niches and outcompete hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). The impact of this interaction on the clinical course of the disease remains poorly understood. We developed and validated a mathematical model of stem cell competition in the human HSC niche. Model simulations predicted how processes in the stem cell niche affect the speed of disease progression. Combining the mathematical model with data of individual patients, we quantified the selective pressure LSCs exert on HSCs and demonstrated the model's prognostic significance. A novel model-based risk-stratification approach allowed extraction of prognostic information from counts of healthy and malignant cells at the time of diagnosis. This model's feasibility was demonstrable based on a cohort of patients with ALDH-rare AML and shows that the model-based risk stratification is an independent predictor of disease-free and overall survival. This proof-of-concept study shows how model-based interpretation of patient data can improve prognostic scoring and contribute to personalized medicine. SIGNIFICANCE: Combining a novel mathematical model of the human hematopoietic stem cell niche with individual patient data enables quantification of properties of leukemic stem cells and improves risk stratification in acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Stiehl
- Institute of Applied Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Christoph Lutz
- Department of Medicine V, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Marciniak-Czochra
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR) and Bioquant Center, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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7
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Zafar N, Ghias K, Fadoo Z. Genetic aberrations involved in relapse of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: A literature review. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2020; 17:e135-e141. [PMID: 32573082 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Globally, 15-20% of all children diagnosed with leukemia suffer from acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a rapidly progressive, clinically and biologically heterogeneous disease leading to the impaired differentiation of myeloid blast cells. Although 80% of patients achieve complete remission after induction chemotherapy, many relapse, negatively affecting overall out comes. The mechanisms underlying relapse have not been fully elucidated. This review aims to provide an overview of genetic aberrations involved in relapse of disease. A literature review on molecular mechanisms implicated in pediatric AML relapse spanning from 2003 to 2017 was conducted. PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar were interrogated using relevant search terms. Of note, we examined a total of final 10 research papers from four large study groups that have utilized whole genome sequencing and molecular targeting of trio or paired samples of initial diagnosis, remission, and relapse. Their findings reveal that the genomic landscape of pediatric AML varies from diagnosis to relapse in different populations. Pediatric AML relapse is a systemic evolutionary illness accompanied by synchronized mutational hits impairing differentiation function. The irregular proliferative function is a consequence of mutations in signal transduction genes such as FLT3, RAS, PTPN11, and c-KIT and genes that code for transcription factors such as CEBPα, WT1, SATB1, GFI1, KLF2, and TBP are associated with relapse of disease. Identification of molecular markers unique to different stages of the disease in distinct populations can provide valuable information about disease prognosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveera Zafar
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kulsoom Ghias
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zehra Fadoo
- Department of Oncology, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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8
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Harnessing Gene Expression Profiles for the Identification of Ex Vivo Drug Response Genes in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051247. [PMID: 32429253 PMCID: PMC7281398 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel treatment strategies are of paramount importance to improve clinical outcomes in pediatric AML. Since chemotherapy is likely to remain the cornerstone of curative treatment of AML, insights in the molecular mechanisms that determine its cytotoxic effects could aid further treatment optimization. To assess which genes and pathways are implicated in tumor drug resistance, we correlated ex vivo drug response data to genome-wide gene expression profiles of 73 primary pediatric AML samples obtained at initial diagnosis. Ex vivo response of primary AML blasts towards cytarabine (Ara C), daunorubicin (DNR), etoposide (VP16), and cladribine (2-CdA) was associated with the expression of 101, 345, 206, and 599 genes, respectively (p < 0.001, FDR 0.004–0.416). Microarray based expression of multiple genes was technically validated using qRT-PCR for a selection of genes. Moreover, expression levels of BRE, HIF1A, and CLEC7A were confirmed to be significantly (p < 0.05) associated with ex vivo drug response in an independent set of 48 primary pediatric AML patients. We present unique data that addresses transcriptomic analyses of the mechanisms underlying ex vivo drug response of primary tumor samples. Our data suggest that distinct gene expression profiles are associated with ex vivo drug response, and may confer a priori drug resistance in leukemic cells. The described associations represent a fundament for the development of interventions to overcome drug resistance in AML, and maximize the benefits of current chemotherapy for sensitive patients.
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9
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DT-13 induced apoptosis and promoted differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells by activating AMPK-KLF2 pathway. Pharmacol Res 2020; 158:104864. [PMID: 32416217 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant disease originating from hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Chemotherapy and/or HSC transplantation is unsatisfactory due to serious side effects, multidrug resistance, and high relapse rate. Thus, alternative strategies are urgently needed to develop more effective therapies. Liriope muscari baily saponins C (DT-13) is a novel compound isolated from Liriope muscari (Decne.) Baily, and exhibited a potent cytotoxicity against several solid tumors. However, the anti-AML activity of DT-13 and the potential mechanisms are still unknown. This study is the first to demonstrate that DT-13 had preferential cytotoxicity against AML cells, and remarkably inhibited proliferation and colony forming ability. Moreover, DT-13 induced the death receptor pathway-dependent apoptosis of HL-60 and Kasumi-1 cells by up-regulating Fas, FasL, DR5 and TRAIL as well as promoted the cleavage of caspase 8, caspase 3 and PARP. Meanwhile, DT-13 induced the differentiation with morphological change related to myeloid differentiation, elevated NBT and α-NAE positive cell rates, differentiation markers CD11b and CD14 as well as level of transcription factors C/EBPα and C/EBPβ. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that KLF2 may be one of the potential targets regulated by DT-13. Further studies indicated that KLF2 played a critical role in DT-13-induced apoptosis and differentiation. Moreover, activation of AMPK-FOXO was proved to be the upstream of KLF2 pathway that contributed to the induction of apoptosis and differentiation by DT-13. Additionally, restoration of KLF2 by DT-13 was highly correlated with the AMPK-related histone acetylation mechanisms. Finally, DT-13 exhibited an obvious anti-AML effect in NOD/SCID mice with the engraftment of HL-60 cells. Our study suggests that DT-13 may serve as a novel agent for AML by AMPL-KLF2-mediated apoptosis and differentiation.
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10
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van Alphen C, Cloos J, Beekhof R, Cucchi DGJ, Piersma SR, Knol JC, Henneman AA, Pham TV, van Meerloo J, Ossenkoppele GJ, Verheul HMW, Janssen JJWM, Jimenez CR. Phosphotyrosine-based Phosphoproteomics for Target Identification and Drug Response Prediction in AML Cell Lines. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:884-899. [PMID: 32102969 PMCID: PMC7196578 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal disorder arising from hematopoietic myeloid progenitors. Aberrantly activated tyrosine kinases (TK) are involved in leukemogenesis and are associated with poor treatment outcome. Kinase inhibitor (KI) treatment has shown promise in improving patient outcome in AML. However, inhibitor selection for patients is suboptimal.In a preclinical effort to address KI selection, we analyzed a panel of 16 AML cell lines using phosphotyrosine (pY) enrichment-based, label-free phosphoproteomics. The Integrative Inferred Kinase Activity (INKA) algorithm was used to identify hyperphosphorylated, active kinases as candidates for KI treatment, and efficacy of selected KIs was tested.Heterogeneous signaling was observed with between 241 and 2764 phosphopeptides detected per cell line. Of 4853 identified phosphopeptides with 4229 phosphosites, 4459 phosphopeptides (4430 pY) were linked to 3605 class I sites (3525 pY). INKA analysis in single cell lines successfully pinpointed driver kinases (PDGFRA, JAK2, KIT and FLT3) corresponding with activating mutations present in these cell lines. Furthermore, potential receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) drivers, undetected by standard molecular analyses, were identified in four cell lines (FGFR1 in KG-1 and KG-1a, PDGFRA in Kasumi-3, and FLT3 in MM6). These cell lines proved highly sensitive to specific KIs. Six AML cell lines without a clear RTK driver showed evidence of MAPK1/3 activation, indicative of the presence of activating upstream RAS mutations. Importantly, FLT3 phosphorylation was demonstrated in two clinical AML samples with a FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation.Our data show the potential of pY-phosphoproteomics and INKA analysis to provide insight in AML TK signaling and identify hyperactive kinases as potential targets for treatment in AML cell lines. These results warrant future investigation of clinical samples to further our understanding of TK phosphorylation in relation to clinical response in the individual patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolien van Alphen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, Cancer Center; Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Hematology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Cloos
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Hematology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pediatric Oncology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Robin Beekhof
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, Cancer Center; Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - David G J Cucchi
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Hematology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pediatric Oncology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander R Piersma
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, Cancer Center; Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jaco C Knol
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, Cancer Center; Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alex A Henneman
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, Cancer Center; Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thang V Pham
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, Cancer Center; Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Johan van Meerloo
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Hematology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gert J Ossenkoppele
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Hematology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henk M W Verheul
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, Cancer Center; Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J W M Janssen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Department of Hematology, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Connie R Jimenez
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Medical Oncology, Cancer Center; Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, OncoProteomics Laboratory, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
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11
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Paris J, Morgan M, Campos J, Spencer GJ, Shmakova A, Ivanova I, Mapperley C, Lawson H, Wotherspoon DA, Sepulveda C, Vukovic M, Allen L, Sarapuu A, Tavosanis A, Guitart AV, Villacreces A, Much C, Choe J, Azar A, van de Lagemaat LN, Vernimmen D, Nehme A, Mazurier F, Somervaille TCP, Gregory RI, O'Carroll D, Kranc KR. Targeting the RNA m 6A Reader YTHDF2 Selectively Compromises Cancer Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 25:137-148.e6. [PMID: 31031138 PMCID: PMC6617387 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive clonal disorder of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and primitive progenitors that blocks their myeloid differentiation, generating self-renewing leukemic stem cells (LSCs). Here, we show that the mRNA m6A reader YTHDF2 is overexpressed in a broad spectrum of human AML and is required for disease initiation as well as propagation in mouse and human AML. YTHDF2 decreases the half-life of diverse m6A transcripts that contribute to the overall integrity of LSC function, including the tumor necrosis factor receptor Tnfrsf2, whose upregulation in Ythdf2-deficient LSCs primes cells for apoptosis. Intriguingly, YTHDF2 is not essential for normal HSC function, with YTHDF2 deficiency actually enhancing HSC activity. Thus, we identify YTHDF2 as a unique therapeutic target whose inhibition selectively targets LSCs while promoting HSC expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Paris
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell & Leukaemia Biology, Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Marcos Morgan
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Joana Campos
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell & Leukaemia Biology, Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Gary J Spencer
- Leukaemia Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Alena Shmakova
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Ivayla Ivanova
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Christopher Mapperley
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Hannah Lawson
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell & Leukaemia Biology, Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - David A Wotherspoon
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell & Leukaemia Biology, Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Catarina Sepulveda
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Milica Vukovic
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Lewis Allen
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Annika Sarapuu
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell & Leukaemia Biology, Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Andrea Tavosanis
- Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell & Leukaemia Biology, Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Amelie V Guitart
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Arnaud Villacreces
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Christian Much
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Junho Choe
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ali Azar
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell & Leukaemia Biology, Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Louie N van de Lagemaat
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell & Leukaemia Biology, Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | | | - Ali Nehme
- Université de Tours, CNRS, LNOx ERL 7001, Tours, France
| | | | - Tim C P Somervaille
- Leukaemia Biology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M20 4GJ, UK
| | - Richard I Gregory
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dónal O'Carroll
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Institute for Stem Cell Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK.
| | - Kamil R Kranc
- MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4UU, UK; Laboratory of Haematopoietic Stem Cell & Leukaemia Biology, Centre for Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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12
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Shi M, Xu G. Development and validation of GMI signature based random survival forest prognosis model to predict clinical outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:90. [PMID: 31242922 PMCID: PMC6595612 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0540-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease with marked molecular heterogeneity and a high early death rate. Our aim was to investigate an integrated Gene expression, Mirna and miRNA-mRNA Interactions (GMI) signature for improving risk stratification of AML. Methods We identified differentially expressed genes by pooling a large number of 861 human AML patients and 75 normal cases. We then used miRWalk to identify the functional miRNA-mRNA regulatory module. The GMI signature based random survival forest (RSF) prognosis model was developed from training data set and evaluated in independent patient cohorts from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset (N = 147). Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were applied to evaluate the prognostic value of GMI signature. Results We identified 139 differentially expressed genes between normal and abnormal AML samples. We discovered the functional miRNA-mRNA regulatory module which participate in the network of cancer progression. We named 23 differentially expressed genes and 16 validated target miRNAs as the GMI signature. The RSF model-based scores separated independent patient cohorts into two groups with significantly different overall survival (C-index = 0.59, hazard ratio [HR], 2.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11–4.03; p = 0.019). Similar results were obtained with reversed training and testing datasets (C-index = 0.58, hazard ratio [HR], 2.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–4.24; p = 0.038). The GMI signature score contributed more information about recurrence than standard clinical covariates. Conclusion The GMI signature based RSF prognosis model not only reflects regulatory relationships from identified miRNA-mRNA module but also informs patient prognosis. While in the TCGA data set the GMI signature score contributed additional information about recurrence in comparison to standard clinical covariates, further studies are needed to determine its clinical significance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12920-019-0540-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingguang Shi
- School of Electric Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China.
| | - Guofu Xu
- School of Electric Engineering and Automation, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China
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13
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Luo X, Xu L, Wu X, Tan H, Liu L. Decreased SATB1 expression promotes AML cell proliferation through NF-κB activation. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:134. [PMID: 31130823 PMCID: PMC6525380 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0850-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Special AT-rich sequence-binding protein 1 (SATB1) is a chromatin-remodeling protein that regulates gene expressions in different types of cancer. Up-regulation of SATB1 is linked with progression of tumors. Our previous study showed that SATB1 expression was decreased in T cell leukemia/lymphoma. The contrary roles of SATB1 in solid organ tumors and hematology malignancy may provide hints to study the function of SATB1. Methods To characterize SATB1 mRNA and protein expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we performed qRT-PCR and Western blot on bone marrow mononuclear cells from 52 newly diagnosed AML patients. Stable HL-60 cell lines with knockdown of SATB1 by shRNAs sequences (HL-60 SATB1-shRNA1 and HL-60 SATB1-shRNA2) were established. Cell proliferation, cell cycle and cell invasiveness were analyzed. Murine model was established using HL-60 SATB1-shRNAs treated nude mice and tumorigenicity was compared to study the role of SATB1 in vivo. Global gene expression profiles were analyzed in HL-60 cells with SATB1 knockdown to investigate the mechanisms underlying the regulation of AML cell growth by SATB1. Results We found that SATB1 expression was significantly decreased in patients with AML compared to normal control, and was increased after complete remission of AML. Knockdown of SATB1 enhanced the proliferation of HL-60 cells and accelerated S phase entry in vitro, and promoted the tumor growth in vivo. Global gene expression profiles were analyzed in HL-60 cells with SATB1 knockdown and the differentially expressed genes were involved in NF-κB, MAPK and PI3 K/Akt signaling pathways. Nuclear NF-κB p65 levels were significantly increased in SATB1 depleted HL-60 cells. Conclusions Decreased SATB1 expression promotes AML cell proliferation through NF-κB activation. SATB1 could be a predictor for better response to treatment in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Luo
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230 China
| | - Lihua Xu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230 China
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230 China
| | - Huo Tan
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230 China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230 China
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14
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Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a kind of malignant hematopoietic system disease characterized by abnormal proliferation, poor cell differentiation, and infiltration of bone marrow, peripheral blood, or other tissues. To date, the first-line treatment of AML is still based on daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside or idarubicin and cytosine arabinoside regimen. However, the complete remission rate of AML is still not optimistic, especially in elderly patients, and the recurrence rate after complete remission is still high. The resistance of leukemia cells to chemotherapy drugs becomes the main obstacle in the treatment of AML. At present, the research on the mechanisms of drug resistance in AML is very active. This article will elaborate on the main mechanisms of drug resistance currently being studied, including drug resistance-related proteins and enzymes, gene alterations, micro RNAs, and signal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China,
| | - Baoan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China,
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15
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Li J, Yang L, Shen R, Gong L, Tian Z, Qiu H, Shi Z, Gao L, Sun H, Zhang G. Self-nanoemulsifying system improves oral absorption and enhances anti-acute myeloid leukemia activity of berberine. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:76. [PMID: 30290822 PMCID: PMC6172716 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0402-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, we found that berberine (BBR) exerts anti-acute myeloid leukemia activity, particularly toward high-risk and relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia MV4-11 cells in vitro. However, the poor water solubility and low bioavailability observed with oral BBR administration has limited its clinical use. Therefore, we design and develop a novel oil-in-water self-nanoemulsifying system for BBR (BBR SNE) to improve oral bioavailability and enhance BBR efficacy against acute myeloid leukemia by greatly improving its solubility. RESULTS This system (size 23.50 ± 1.67 nm, zeta potential - 3.35 ± 0.03 mV) was prepared with RH40 (surfactant), 1,2-propanediol (co-surfactant), squalene (oil) and BBR using low-energy emulsification methods. The system loaded BBR successfully according to thermal gravimetric, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. The release profile results showed that BBR SNE released BBR more slowly than BBR solution. The relative oral bioavailability of this novel system in rabbits was significantly enhanced by 3.41-fold over that of BBR. Furthermore, Caco-2 cell monolayer transport studies showed that this system could help enhance permeation and prevent efflux of BBR. Importantly, mice with BBR SNE treatment had significantly longer survival time than BBR-treated mice (P < 0.001) in an MV4-11 engrafted leukemia murine model. CONCLUSIONS These studies confirmed that BBR SNE is a promising therapy for acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Li
- Department of Hematology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, 410004 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Hematology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, 410004 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Shen
- Department of Hematology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, 410004 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Tian
- Army Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huarong Qiu
- Air Force Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Xi’an, 710000 Shanxi People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Shi
- Department of Hematology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, 410004 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Lichen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Institute, Phase I Clinical Trial, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha, 410004 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongwu Sun
- Army Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, Chongqing, 400038 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangsen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan People’s Republic of China
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16
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RAS mutations in acute myeloid leukaemia patients: A review and meta-analysis. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 489:254-260. [PMID: 30194935 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RAS oncogene mutations frequently occur in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), but the prognostic significance of RAS mutations in AML is inconclusive. We searched the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane from 1990 to 2018. In this study, 24 eligible studies were included, and the meta-analysis was conducted with the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 2 software program. The row hazard ratio (HR) was adjusted and re-evaluated when publication bias existed after detecting all the heterogeneities. A combined analysis showed that RAS mutations were not associated with a poor prognosis in general AML patients (HR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.78-1.19, p = 0.70). To further verify the results, a subgroup analysis was conducted. Interestingly, in the analysis of age bracket, children with RAS mutations had an unfavourable survival (HR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.05-1.75, p = 0.02) of AML, but the adults did not (HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.70-1.09, p = 0.21). Further analysis of the subgroup of children indicated that patients with NRAS mutations had an adverse prognosis (HR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.13-2.12, p = 0.007), but not those with KRAS mutations (HR: 1.51, 95% CI: 0.34-6.73, p = 0.59). In conclusion, this study revealed that RAS mutations did not influence the over survival for adults with AML. However, NRAS mutations may be a key prognostic marker related with poor survival for children with AML.
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17
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Reduced expression but not deficiency of GFI1 causes a fatal myeloproliferative disease in mice. Leukemia 2018; 33:110-121. [PMID: 29925903 PMCID: PMC6326955 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0166-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Growth factor independent 1 (Gfi1) controls myeloid differentiation by regulating gene expression and limits the activation of p53 by facilitating its de-methylation at Lysine 372. In human myeloid leukemia, low GFI1 levels correlate with an inferior prognosis. Here, we show that knockdown (KD) of Gfi1 in mice causes a fatal myeloproliferative disease (MPN) that could progress to leukemia after additional mutations. Both KO and KD mice accumulate myeloid cells that show signs of metabolic stress and high levels of reactive oxygen species. However, only KO cells have elevated levels of Lysine 372 methylated p53. This suggests that in contrast to absence of GFI1, KD of GFI1 leads to the accumulation of myeloid cells because sufficient amount of GFI1 is present to impede p53-mediated cell death, leading to a fatal MPN. The combination of myeloid accumulation and the ability to counteract p53 activity under metabolic stress could explain the role of reduced GF1 expression in human myeloid leukemia.
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18
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Epigenetic heterogeneity affects the risk of relapse in children with t(8;21)RUNX1-RUNX1T1-rearranged AML. Leukemia 2018; 32:1124-1134. [PMID: 29472719 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-017-0003-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The somatic translocation t(8;21)(q22;q22)/RUNX1-RUNX1T1 is one of the most frequent rearrangements found in children with standard-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Despite the favorable prognostic role of this aberration, we recently observed a higher than expected frequency of relapse. Here, we employed an integrated high-throughput approach aimed at identifying new biological features predicting relapse among 34 t(8;21)-rearranged patients. We found that the DNA methylation status of patients who suffered from relapse was peculiarly different from that of children maintaining complete remission. The epigenetic signature, made up of 337 differentially methylated regions, was then integrated with gene and protein expression profiles, leading to a network, where cell-to-cell adhesion and cell-motility pathways were found to be aberrantly activated in relapsed patients. We identified most of these factors as RUNX1-RUNX1T1 targets, with Ras Homolog Family Member (RHOB) overexpression being the core of this network. We documented how RHOB re-organized the actin cytoskeleton through its downstream ROCK-LIMK-COFILIN axis: this increases blast adhesion by stress fiber formation, and reduces mitochondrial apoptotic cell death after chemotherapy treatment. Altogether, our data show an epigenetic heterogeneity within t(8;21)-rearranged AML patients at diagnosis able to influence the program of the chimeric transcript, promoting blast re-emergence and progression to relapse.
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19
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Verboon LJ, Obulkasim A, de Rooij JDE, Katsman-Kuipers JE, Sonneveld E, Baruchel A, Trka J, Reinhardt D, Pieters R, Cloos J, Kaspers GJL, Klusmann JH, Zwaan CM, Fornerod M, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM. MicroRNA-106b~25 cluster is upregulated in relapsed MLL-rearranged pediatric acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2018; 7:48412-48422. [PMID: 27351222 PMCID: PMC5217027 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The most important reason for therapy failure in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is relapse. In order to identify miRNAs that contribute to the clonal evolution towards relapse in pediatric AML, miRNA expression profiling of 127 de novo pediatric AML cases were used. In the diagnostic phase, no miRNA signatures could be identified that were predictive for relapse occurrence, in a large pediatric cohort, nor in a nested mixed lineage leukemia (MLL)-rearranged pediatric cohort. AML with MLL- rearrangements are found in 15-20% of all pediatric AML samples, and reveal a relapse rate up to 50% for certain translocation partner subgroups. Therefore, microRNA expression profiling of six paired initial diagnosis-relapse MLL-rearranged pediatric AML samples (test cohort) and additional eight paired initial diagnosis-relapse samples with MLL-rearrangements (validation cohort) was performed. A list of 53 differentially expressed miRNAs was identified of which the miR-106b~25 cluster, located in intron 13 of MCM7, was the most prominent. These differentially expressed miRNAs however could not predict a relapse in de novo AML samples with MLL-rearrangements at diagnosis. Furthermore, higher mRNA expression of both MCM7 and its upstream regulator E2F1 was found in relapse samples with MLL-rearrangements. In conclusion, we identified the miR-106b~25 cluster to be upregulated in relapse pediatric AML with MLL-rearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lonneke J Verboon
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Askar Obulkasim
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jasmijn D E de Rooij
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jenny E Katsman-Kuipers
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin Sonneveld
- Dutch Childhood Oncology Group (DCOG), The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - André Baruchel
- Department of Hematology, Hopital Saint- Louis, Paris, France
| | - Jan Trka
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, 2nd Medical School, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dirk Reinhardt
- Clinic for Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline Cloos
- Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan J L Kaspers
- Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Henning Klusmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Michel Zwaan
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Fornerod
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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20
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Hackl H, Astanina K, Wieser R. Molecular and genetic alterations associated with therapy resistance and relapse of acute myeloid leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2017; 10:51. [PMID: 28219393 PMCID: PMC5322789 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-017-0416-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The majority of individuals with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) respond to initial chemotherapy and achieve a complete remission, yet only a minority experience long-term survival because a large proportion of patients eventually relapse with therapy-resistant disease. Relapse therefore represents a central problem in the treatment of AML. Despite this, and in contrast to the extensive knowledge about the molecular events underlying the process of leukemogenesis, information about the mechanisms leading to therapy resistance and relapse is still limited. Purpose and content of review Recently, a number of studies have aimed to fill this gap and provided valuable information about the clonal composition and evolution of leukemic cell populations during the course of disease, and about genetic, epigenetic, and gene expression changes associated with relapse. In this review, these studies are summarized and discussed, and the data reported in them are compiled in order to provide a resource for the identification of molecular aberrations recurrently acquired at, and thus potentially contributing to, disease recurrence and the associated therapy resistance. This survey indeed uncovered genetic aberrations with known associations with therapy resistance that were newly gained at relapse in a subset of patients. Furthermore, the expression of a number of protein coding and microRNA genes was reported to change between diagnosis and relapse in a statistically significant manner. Conclusions Together, these findings foster the expectation that future studies on larger and more homogeneous patient cohorts will uncover pathways that are robustly associated with relapse, thus representing potential targets for rationally designed therapies that may improve the treatment of patients with relapsed AML, or even facilitate the prevention of relapse in the first place. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-017-0416-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Hackl
- Division of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ksenia Astanina
- Department of Medicine I and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Austria
| | - Rotraud Wieser
- Department of Medicine I and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Wien, Austria.
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The role of the transcriptional repressor growth factor independent 1 in the formation of myeloid cells. Curr Opin Hematol 2017; 24:32-37. [DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Helsmoortel HH, De Moerloose B, Pieters T, Ghazavi F, Bresolin S, Cavé H, de Vries A, de Haas V, Flotho C, Labarque V, Niemeyer C, De Paepe P, Van Roy N, Stary J, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Benoit Y, Schulte J, Goossens S, Berx G, Haigh JJ, Speleman F, Van Vlierberghe P, Lammens T. LIN28B is over-expressed in specific subtypes of pediatric leukemia and regulates lncRNA H19. Haematologica 2016; 101:e240-4. [PMID: 26969084 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2016.143818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hetty H Helsmoortel
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Barbara De Moerloose
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
| | - Tim Pieters
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium Unit for Molecular and Cellular Oncology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Belgium Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Farzaneh Ghazavi
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Silvia Bresolin
- Department of Women and Child Health, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Hélène Cavé
- Department of Genetics, University Hospital of Robert Debré and Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Andrica de Vries
- Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Valerie de Haas
- Dutch Childhood Oncology Group (DCOG), the Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Christian Flotho
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Veerle Labarque
- Pediatric Haemato-Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charlotte Niemeyer
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Jan Stary
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Dutch Childhood Oncology Group (DCOG), the Hague, the Netherlands Princess Maxima Center for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Yves Benoit
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
| | - Johannes Schulte
- Division of Neuroblastoma Genomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, University Children's Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany German Consortium for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), Essen, Germany Translational Neuro-Oncology, West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany Centre for Medical Biotechnology, University Duisburg-Essen, Germany
| | - Steven Goossens
- Unit for Molecular and Cellular Oncology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Belgium Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Geert Berx
- Unit for Molecular and Cellular Oncology, VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Belgium Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Jody J Haigh
- Mammalian Functional Genetics Laboratory, Division of Blood Cancers, Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | - Tim Lammens
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
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23
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GFI1 as a novel prognostic and therapeutic factor for AML/MDS. Leukemia 2016; 30:1237-45. [DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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