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Mohammadzadeh V, Mehrpour M, Ghoreishi A, Kamali K, Zamani B. The association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy population. CURRENT JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY 2020; 19:53-58. [PMID: 38011463 PMCID: PMC7874889 DOI: 10.18502/cjn.v19i2.4941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: Subclinical atherosclerosis is the asymptomatic phase of carotid atherosclerosis, and its early diagnosis is important to prevent cerebrovascular diseases. Although the vitamin D plays a role in the structure of vessels, the association between the serum level of vitamin D and subclinical atherosclerosis has not been well-studied. We aimed to investigate the association between serum vitamin D level and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) in Iranian population. Methods: One hundred individuals with the age range from 20 to 50 years with no history of cardiovascular risk factors were selected for the analysis. Measurements of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH) D3] concentration and CIMT were made. Confounding factors such as diabetes, hypertension (HTN), smoking, alcohol, tobacco, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease (CVD), high body mass index (BMI), history of drug intake especially calcium, vitamin D, statins, and anti-hypertensive drugs were considered and then excluded from our study. Results: The mean serum vitamin D level was 15.55 ± 0.42 ng/ml, whereas in the increased intima-media thickness (IMT), it was 12.50 ± 9.50 ng/ml. 55% of the subjects were diagnosed with subclinical atherosclerosis (IMT ≥ 0.75 mm). Mean IMT was 0.74 ± 0.12 mm; however, it was higher (0.86 ± 0.30) in severe vitamin D deficiency group. The analysis showed an association between serum 25(OH) D3 level and CIMT (P = 0.002). 44% of those participants with subclinical atherosclerosis had also a severe vitamin D deficiency, while only 13% of normal people had a severe vitamin D deficiency. Also, a correlation was observed between severe vitamin D deficiency and the presence of plaque or higher IMT. Conclusion: Serum 25(OH) D3 level was inversely correlated with CIMT in our investigated subjects with no cardiovascular risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Vali-e Asr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Masoud Mehrpour
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdoreza Ghoreishi
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Vali-e Asr Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Koorosh Kamali
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Babak Zamani
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Vitamin D (VitD) deficiency is highly prevalent among HIV-infected individuals. Given the overlapping risk for several chronic disease and immunomodulatory outcomes from both long-standing HIV and VitD deficiency, there is great interest in clarifying the clinical role of VitD for this population. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies have expanded our knowledge regarding the epidemiology and mechanisms of VitD deficiency-associated outcomes in the setting of HIV. Clinical trials focusing on VitD supplementation have demonstrated a positive impact on bone mineral density in subgroups of HIV-infected individuals initiating ART or on suppressive ART regimens; however, significant heterogeneity exists between studies and data are less consistent with other clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to clarify uncertainly in several domains, including identifying patients at greatest risk for poor outcomes from VitD deficiency, standardizing definitions and measurement techniques, and better quantifying the benefits and risks of VitD supplementation across different demographic strata for skeletal and extra-skeletal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Hsieh
- Section of Rheumatology, Yale School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, TAC S-525, PO Box 208031, New Haven, CT, 06517, USA.
| | - Michael T Yin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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3
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Monteiro Júnior FC, Mandarino NR, Santos EM, Santos AM, Salgado JV, Brito DJA, Salgado BJL, Lages JS, Castelo Branco G, Salgado Filho N. Correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and carotid intima-media thickness in a Brazilian population descended from African slaves. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 51:e7185. [PMID: 29490002 PMCID: PMC5856431 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20177185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hypovitaminosis D has been identified as a possible new cardiovascular risk factor. However, the results of studies correlating serum vitamin D levels with markers of subclinical atherosclerosis have been conflicting. The aim of this study was to correlate serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] with carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) and conventional cardiovascular risk factors in Afro-descendants. A cross-sectional analysis was performed on a sample of 382 individuals from a cohort of descendants of African slaves, inhabitants of “Quilombola” communities, with a mean age of 57.79 ±15.3 years, 54.5% of whom were women. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected and biochemical tests were performed, including serum levels of 25(OH)D by electrochemiluminescence and urinary albumin excretion, evaluated by the albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) in a spot urine sample. All participants underwent high-resolution ultrasonography for C-IMT measurement. Hypovitaminosis D was defined as serum 25(OH)D levels <30 ng/mL. The mean serum 25(OH)D levels were 50.4±13.5 ng/mL, with a low prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (4.86%). By simple linear correlation, a significant inverse association between 25(OH)D levels and C-IMT (r=-0.174, P=0.001) was observed. However, after multiple linear regression analysis, the significance of the association between serum levels of 25(OH)D and C-IMT measurement was lost (β=-0.039, P=0.318) and only male gender, age, smoking, systolic blood pressure, glucose and low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol remained significantly associated with C-IMT. Levels of 25(OH)D were independently and positively associated with HDL-cholesterol and inversely associated with age and ACR. In conclusion, no independent association between 25(OH)D levels and C-IMT was observed in this population. On the other hand, there was an inverse association with albuminuria, a marker of endothelial lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- F C Monteiro Júnior
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - N R Mandarino
- Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - E M Santos
- Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - A M Santos
- Departamento de Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - J V Salgado
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - D J A Brito
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - B J L Salgado
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - J S Lages
- Departamento de Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - G Castelo Branco
- Serviço de Cardiologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - N Salgado Filho
- Serviço de Nefrologia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA, Brasil
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4
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Huff H, Merchant AT, Lonn E, Pullenayegum E, Smaill F, Smieja M. Vitamin D and progression of carotid intima-media thickness in HIV-positive Canadians. HIV Med 2017; 19:143-151. [PMID: 29110385 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Based on a growing body of evidence implicating low vitamin D status in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), we hypothesized that in Canadian HIV-positive adults, low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration would be associated with increased subclinical vascular disease progression. METHODS We prospectively studied the relationship between baseline 25(OH)D and subsequent progression of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) between 2002 and 2011, in the Canadian HIV Vascular Study using stored blood specimens. RESULTS Of the 128 participants, 89.1% were men, the mean age (standard deviation [SD]) was 46.5 (8.2) years, 93.8% were white, and 36.7% were current smokers. Mean (SD) annual CIMT follow-up was 5.9 (1.8) years (maximum 8.5 years), providing approximately 750 patient-years of follow-up. Mean (SD) CIMT progression was 0.027 (0.030) mm/year. Mean (SD) 25(OH)D was 95.0 (46.9) nmol/L. Only 13.3% of participants were vitamin D deficient (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/L), whereas 61.7% had a 25(OH)D exceeding the sufficiency threshold (75 nmol/L). Vitamin D quartiles were inversely associated with body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.034), total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol ratio (P = 0.001) and parathyroid hormone concentration (P = 0.003), but not efavirenz exposure (P = 0.141). In linear regression analyses, baseline 25(OH)D as a continuous variable was inversely associated with CIMT progression in univariable (P < 0.001) and multivariable (P < 0.001) models. CONCLUSIONS Baseline 25(OH)D was associated with CIMT progression in this relatively vitamin D replete, predominately white and male, Canadian HIV-positive population. Future research needs to establish causality as this may warrant more targeted screening or supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Huff
- Department of Clinical Education, Canadian College of Naturopathic Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Research Methods, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - A T Merchant
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Research Methods, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - E Lonn
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Research Methods, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Cardiology, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - E Pullenayegum
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Research Methods, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Sick Kids Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - F Smaill
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - M Smieja
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Research Methods, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University Faculty of Health Sciences, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Eckard AR, Raggi P, O'Riordan MA, Rosebush JC, Labbato D, Chahroudi A, Ruff JH, Longenecker CT, Tangpricha V, McComsey GA. Effects of vitamin D supplementation on carotid intima-media thickness in HIV-infected youth. Virulence 2017; 9:294-305. [PMID: 28891732 PMCID: PMC5955463 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1365217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Allison Ross Eckard
- a Medical University of South Carolina , Charleston , SC , USA.,b Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Paolo Raggi
- b Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA.,c Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute and University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada
| | - Mary Ann O'Riordan
- d Case Western Reserve University and Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital , Cleveland , OH , USA
| | | | - Danielle Labbato
- d Case Western Reserve University and Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital , Cleveland , OH , USA
| | - Ann Chahroudi
- b Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Joshua H Ruff
- b Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | | | - Vin Tangpricha
- b Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta , GA , USA
| | - Grace A McComsey
- d Case Western Reserve University and Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital , Cleveland , OH , USA
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6
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Ramírez-Morros A, Granado-Casas M, Alcubierre N, Martinez-Alonso M, Real J, Castelblanco E, Esquerda A, Cao G, Rubinat E, Hernández M, Alonso N, Fernández E, Mauricio D. Calcium Phosphate Product Is Associated with Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:3498368. [PMID: 28840128 PMCID: PMC5559910 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3498368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To assess whether circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD) and mineral metabolism-related factors (serum phosphate, calcium, and parathormone) are associated with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (SCA), defined as the presence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques (main study outcome), in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) without kidney disease or previous cardiovascular disease. METHODS We undertook a post hoc analysis of a cross-sectional study in adults with T2DM in whom we evaluated SCA. A total of 303 subjects with T2DM were included. Clinical variables and carotid ultrasound imaging were obtained. RESULTS We found no association of 25OHD with the presence of SCA. However, calcium phosphate (CaP; mg2/dL2) product was positively associated with the presence of carotid plaques (ORadj = 1.078; 95% CI: 1.017-1.142). An inverse association was observed between higher levels of 25OHD (≥30 ng/mL versus <20 ng/mL concentrations) and common carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT; mm) (βadj ± SE = -0.055 ± 0.024). We conclude that the CaP product is independently associated with the presence of established subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ramírez-Morros
- Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Camí de les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Sciences Research Institute and University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera Canyet S/N, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Minerva Granado-Casas
- Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Camí de les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Sciences Research Institute and University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera Canyet S/N, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Nuria Alcubierre
- Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Montserrat Martinez-Alonso
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Jordi Real
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat, Spain
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esmeralda Castelblanco
- Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Camí de les Escoles S/N, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Sciences Research Institute and University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera Canyet S/N, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aureli Esquerda
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Esther Rubinat
- Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Hernández
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Núria Alonso
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Sciences Research Institute and University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera Canyet S/N, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Fernández
- Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, University of Lleida, Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Unitat de Deteccio i Tractament de Malalties Aterotrombotiques, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain
| | - Didac Mauricio
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Sciences Research Institute and University Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera Canyet S/N, 08916 Badalona, Spain
- CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Barcelona, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, Spain
- *Didac Mauricio:
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Muscogiuri G, Annweiler C, Duval G, Karras S, Tirabassi G, Salvio G, Balercia G, Kimball S, Kotsa K, Mascitelli L, Bhattoa HP, Colao A. Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease: From atherosclerosis to myocardial infarction and stroke. Int J Cardiol 2016; 230:577-584. [PMID: 28043680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There continues to be interest in understanding the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis, epidemiology and prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). In fact vitamin D deficiency has been associated to an increased risk of developing CVD given to the relationship between low vitamin D levels and obesity, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. However, although vitamin D has been identified as a potentially important marker of CVD, the mechanisms through which vitamin D deficiency leads from endothelial dysfunction to myocardial infarction and stroke are not fully understood. Thus, the goal of this review is to provide an updated review of the literature on the basic science of how vitamin D may affect the cardiovascular system and in particular to analyze the role that vitamin D may have in the whole dynamic process from the initiation of endothelial dysfunction to the development of myocardial infarction and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cedric Annweiler
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France; University Memory Clinic, UPRES EA 4638, University of Angers, UNAM, Angers, France; Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, the University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guillaume Duval
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Spyridon Karras
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Giacomo Tirabassi
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianmaria Salvio
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Balercia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Kalliopi Kotsa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Luca Mascitelli
- Comando Brigata alpina "Julia"/Multinational Land Force, Medical Service, Udine, Italy
| | - Harjit Pal Bhattoa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
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8
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Veloudi P, Jones G, Sharman JE. Effectiveness of Vitamin D Supplementation for Cardiovascular Health Outcomes. Pulse (Basel) 2016; 4:193-207. [PMID: 28229054 DOI: 10.1159/000452742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a plausible physiological theory, supported by many observational studies, that vitamin D supplementation should be effective for improving cardiovascular end points, such as blood pressure (BP), large artery stiffness, atherosclerosis, endothelial function and clinical events. However, results from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have been inconsistent. In this review, we evaluated the evidence regarding the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation for cardiovascular surrogate and hard clinical end points. RCTs were assessed in terms of sample size, duration of supplementation, baseline vitamin D level inclusion criteria (i.e., absence of vitamin D deficiency), dosage of vitamin D and population under investigation. Forty-five RCTs were identified. Eight RCTs with BP and 6 RCTs with large artery stiffness as the end points were found to comply with guidelines for the optimal design of clinical trials evaluating nutrient effects. Only 2 of the RCTs with an optimal design were effective in decreasing BP with vitamin D supplementation, although these were of moderate sample size (<150) and very short duration (8 weeks for both), whilst no RCT was effective in reducing large artery stiffness. Similar results were observed for atherosclerotic and endothelial function markers as end points. Only 1 RCT reported cardiovascular events as an end point and found neither increased nor decreased incident cardiovascular events over 7 years of follow-up. In conclusion, results from published RCTs indicate that vitamin D supplementation is ineffective in improving cardiovascular health among various patient populations, including in the presence or absence of vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Veloudi
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Graeme Jones
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - James E Sharman
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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9
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Choi YK, Song SW, Shin BR, Kim JA, Kim HN. Serum vitamin D level is negatively associated with carotid atherosclerosis in Korean adults. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 68:90-96. [PMID: 27537342 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1216526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the associations between serum vitamin D levels and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), carotid plaque and atherosclerosis in 71 Korean adults. CIMT and the presence of carotid plaque were assessed with a high-resolution B-mode ultrasound system, and carotid atherosclerosis was defined as a mean CIMT value >0.9 mm or the presence of carotid plaque. A vitamin D deficiency was associated with the presence of carotid plaque (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 9.25, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.52-56.3; p = 0.016). As serum vitamin D levels increased, the presence of high-risk carotid plaque decreased (aOR: 0.84, 95%CI: 0.72-0.99; p = 0.039). Serum vitamin D levels was negatively associated with carotid atherosclerosis (aOR: 0.86, 95%CI: 0.76-0.97; p = 0.018). Further studies are needed to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation would be effective for the prevention of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Kyeong Choi
- a Department of Family Medicine , St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Song
- a Department of Family Medicine , St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Ra Shin
- a Department of Family Medicine , St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ah Kim
- a Department of Family Medicine , St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Na Kim
- a Department of Family Medicine , St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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10
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Bhadra R, Choudhuri AR, Hazra A, Mukhopadhyay JD. Serum vitamin D level and its relation with carotid intima-media thickness in type 2 diabetic patients: a cross-sectional observational study. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2016; 10:S55-S59. [PMID: 26818693 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2016.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Bhadra
- Department of Pharmacology, IPGMER & SSKM Hospital, Kolkata.
| | - A R Choudhuri
- Department of Biochemistry, IPGME&R & SSKM Hospital, Kolkata
| | - A Hazra
- Department of Pharmacology, IPGMER & SSKM Hospital, Kolkata
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11
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The Role of Vitamin D in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: An Updated Review of the Literature. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:580474. [PMID: 26576069 PMCID: PMC4630385 DOI: 10.1155/2015/580474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The dietary reference values for Vitamin D were set primarily considering its role in bone health, but with the discovery of Vitamin D receptors throughout body tissues, new links with other health conditions are now studied, such as for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This paper shall analyze and examine all new research studies carried out, especially in 2013–2015 regarding diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Vast research has been carried out to establish strong relationship between Vitamin D serum levels, supplementation, diabetes, and CVD. However, the results from researches identified in this paper are disputable. Benefits of Vitamin D adequate levels were recognized from gestational period until later in disease development such as diabetes and/or CVD, but since not all studies are in agreement further investigation is suggested. Researches conducting large randomized controlled trials, exploring range of supplement doses, with variable baseline serum Vitamin D levels, and inclusion of array of associated parameters, are still required to conduct large-scale analysis and draw conclusion as a risk factor. Until then it is possible to conclude that maintenance of serum Vitamin D levels holds advantageous aspects in diabetic and cardiovascular conditions, and people should strive to attain them.
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