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Gaurav S, Ranjan R, Kuldeep J, Dhiman K, Mahapatra PP, Ashish, Siddiqi MI, Ahmed S. The N-terminus region of Drp1, a Rint1 family protein is essential for cell survival and its interaction with Rad50 protein in fission yeast S.pombe. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1865:129739. [PMID: 32956753 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Defects in DNA repair pathway can lead to double-strand breaks leading to genomic instability. Earlier we have shown that S.pombe Drp1, a Rint1/Tip1 family protein is required for the recovery from DNA damage. METHODS Various truncations of Drp1 protein were constructed and their role in DNA damage response and interaction with Rad50 protein has been studied by co-immunoprecipitation and pull-down assays. RESULTS The structural and functional analysis of Drp1 protein revealed that the N-terminus region of Drp1 is indispensable for the survival. The C-terminus truncation mutants, drp1C1Δ and drp1C2Δ exhibit temperature sensitive phenotype and are hypersensitive against DNA damaging agents with elevated level of Rad52-YFP foci at non-permissive temperature indicating the impairment for DNA damage repair pathway. The essential N-terminus region of Drp1 interacts with the C-terminus region of Rad50 and might be involved in influencing the MRN/X function. Small-angle X-ray (SAXS) analysis revealed three-domain like shapes in Drp1 protein while the C-terminus region of Rad50 exhibit unusual bulges. Computational docking studies revealed the amino acid residues at the C-terminus region of Rad50 that are involved in the interaction with the residues present at the N-terminal region of Drp1 indicating the importance of the N-terminal region of Drp1 protein. CONCLUSIONS We have identified the region of Drp1 and Rad50 proteins that are involved in the interaction and their role in the DNA damage response pathway has been analyzed. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The functional and structural aspects of fission yeast Drp1 protein and its interaction with Rad50 have been elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Gaurav
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Rajeev Ranjan
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Jitendra Kuldeep
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Kanika Dhiman
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Pinaki Prasad Mahapatra
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ashish
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Mohammad Imran Siddiqi
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Shakil Ahmed
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR- Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, India.
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Mutation in histone deacetylase clr6 promotes the survival of S. pombe cds1 null mutant in response to hydroxyurea. Mol Genet Genomics 2020; 295:695-703. [PMID: 32124033 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-020-01655-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Fission yeast Cds1 is responsible for the replication checkpoint activation and helps to protect replication fork collapse in response to hydroxyurea (HU). Here, we investigated the role of histone deacetylase in response to replication fork arrest and observed that in the presence of HU, the survival of cds1Δ cells was improved when the cells were simultaneously treated with histone deacetylase inhibitors. Furthermore, a mutation in the histone deacetylase gene, clr6, also suppresses the growth defect of cds1Δ cells in response to HU indicating a suppressive role of clr6-1 mutation in cds1 deletion background upon HU treatment. Interestingly, in response to HU, phosphorylation of Chk1 kinase and the number of Rad52YFP foci was reduced in cds1Δ clr6-1 double mutant as compared to cds1Δ single mutant indicating a decrease in the level of DNA damage in response to HU. Accordingly, the single-cell gel electrophoresis assay revealed a drastic reduction in the tail length of cds1Δ clr6-1 double mutant as compared to cds1Δ cells in the presence of HU suggesting the suppression of chromosomal defects in the double mutant. Taken together, we proposed that there could be transient suppression of fork collapse in cds1Δ clr6-1 double mutant upon HU treatment due to the delay in mitotic progression that leads to the facilitation of cell growth.
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Activation of Checkpoint Kinase Chk1 by Reactive Oxygen Species Resulting from Disruption of wat1/pop3 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Genetics 2016; 204:1397-1406. [PMID: 27683273 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.116.193896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks are critical lesions that can lead to chromosomal aberrations and genomic instability. In response to DNA damage, Chk1, a serine/threonine kinase, is responsible for cell cycle arrest to prevent damaged cells from progressing through the cell cycle. Here, we report that the disruption of wat1, a WD repeat-containing protein, leads to the phosphorylation of Chk1. The double-deletion of chk1 and wat1 had a grave effect on the survival of fission yeast cells, and the spontaneous recombination rate was also high upon double-deletion of wat1 and chk1, as compared to the single-mutant. In the absence of wat1, the cells exhibited a high level of nuclear fragmentation that resulted in the accumulation of Rad22 yellow fluorescent protein foci. Furthermore, we show that wat1 is required for the regulation of the oxidative stress response. We observed elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in wat1-null mutant that led to a high degree of propidium iodide staining at nonpermissive temperature. Based on the results presented here, we hypothesize that ROS production in wat1-null mutant cells generates DNA fragmentation that could trigger a checkpoint response and that, in the absence of checkpoint kinase Chk1, the cells exhibit severe growth defects leading to a synthetic lethal phenotype.
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Cleavage and polyadenylation factor, Rna14 is an essential protein required for the maintenance of genomic integrity in fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:189-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hudson DL, Cohen ME, Hudson SE. Development of health diagnostics based on personalized medical models. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2015; 2015:1413-1416. [PMID: 26736534 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7318634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to rapid evolution of new technologies the concept of personalized medicine has evolved. Components include molecular biology, proteomics, metabolomic analysis, genetic testing, and molecular medicine for diagnostics. In addition to diagnostics these methods can be used to determine individual susceptibility to diseases and conditions. In conjunction with new diagnostic methods, new therapies can be tailored to the individual. These new technologies present a challenge in terms of the expansion of the medical record as well as the development of new methods for creating disease profiles. This article focuses on a computer-aided support for personalized medicine. Specific approaches are explored that permit automated data analysis for prognosis and treatment based on analysis methods for numeric and pictorial data. Although personalized medicine based on the genome of the patient are occasionally performed, because of the large amount of data new methods are needed to form general disease models as well as specific profiles of the individual patient.
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