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Omata K, Nomura I, Hirata A, Yonezuka Y, Muto H, Kuriki R, Jimbo K, Ogasa K, Kato T. Isolation and evaluation of erythroid progenitors in the livers of larval, froglet, and adult Xenopus tropicalis. Biol Open 2023; 12:bio059862. [PMID: 37421150 PMCID: PMC10399205 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Xenopus liver maintains erythropoietic activity from the larval to the adult stage. During metamorphosis, thyroid hormone mediates apoptosis of larval-type erythroid progenitors and proliferation of adult-type erythroid progenitors, and a globin switch occurs during this time. In addition, the whole-body mass and the liver also change; however, whether there is a change in the absolute number of erythroid progenitors is unclear. To isolate and evaluate erythroid progenitors in the Xenopus liver, we developed monoclonal ER9 antibodies against the erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) of Xenopus. ER9 recognized erythrocytes, but not white blood cells or thrombocytes. The specificity of ER9 for EPOR manifested as its inhibitory effect on the proliferation of a Xenopus EPOR-expressing cell line. Furthermore, ER9 recognition was consistent with epor gene expression. ER9 staining with Acridine orange (AO) allowed erythrocyte fractionation through fluorescence-activated cell sorting. The ER9+ and AO-red (AOr)high fractions were highly enriched in erythroid progenitors and primarily localized to the liver. The method developed using ER9 and AO was also applied to larvae and froglets with different progenitor populations from adult frogs. The liver to body weight and the number of ER9+ AOrhigh cells per unit body weight were significantly higher in adults than in larvae and froglets, and the number of ER9+ AOrhigh cells per unit liver weight was the highest in froglets. Collectively, our results show increased erythropoiesis in the froglet liver and demonstrate growth-dependent changes in erythropoiesis patterns in specific organs of Xenopus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Omata
- Department of Biology, School of Education, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Ikki Nomura
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Akito Hirata
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Yuka Yonezuka
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Muto
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Ryo Kuriki
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Kirin Jimbo
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Koujin Ogasa
- Department of Biology, School of Education, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Department of Biology, School of Education, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
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Okui T, Hosozawa S, Kohama S, Fujiyama S, Maekawa S, Muto H, Kato T. Development of Erythroid Progenitors under Erythropoietin Stimulation in Xenopus laevis Larval Liver. Zoolog Sci 2016; 33:575-582. [DOI: 10.2108/zs160040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tanizaki Y, Ichisugi M, Obuchi-Shimoji M, Ishida-Iwata T, Tahara-Mogi A, Meguro-Ishikawa M, Kato T. Thrombopoietin induces production of nucleated thrombocytes from liver cells in Xenopus laevis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18519. [PMID: 26687619 PMCID: PMC4685256 DOI: 10.1038/srep18519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of mammalian megakaryocytes (MKs) and platelets, which are thought to be absent in non-mammals, is primarily regulated by the thrombopoietin (TPO)/Mpl system. Although non-mammals possess nucleated thrombocytes instead of platelets, the features of nucleated thrombocyte progenitors remain to be clarified. Here, we provide the general features of TPO using Xenopus laevis TPO (xlTPO). Hepatic and splenic cells were cultured in liquid suspension with recombinant xlTPO. These cells differentiated into large, round, polyploid CD41-expressing cells and were classified as X. laevis MKs, comparable to mammalian MKs. The subsequent culture of MKs after removal of xlTPO produced mature, spindle-shaped thrombocytes that were activated by thrombin, thereby altering their morphology. XlTPO induced MKs in cultured hepatic cells for at least three weeks; however, this was not observed in splenic cells; this result demonstrates the origin of early haematopoietic progenitors in the liver rather than the spleen. Additionally, xlTPO enhanced viability of peripheral thrombocytes, indicating the xlTPO-Mpl pathway stimulates anti-apoptotic in peripheral thrombocytes. The development of thrombocytes from MKs via the TPO-Mpl system in X. laevis plays a crucial role in their development from MKs, comparable to mammalian thrombopoiesis. Thus, our results offer insight into the cellular evolution of platelets/MKs in vertebrates. (200/200).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Tanizaki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
| | - Megumi Ichisugi
- Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Miyako Obuchi-Shimoji
- Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Takako Ishida-Iwata
- Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Ayaka Tahara-Mogi
- Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Mizue Meguro-Ishikawa
- Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo, 162-8480, Japan
- Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
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Diverse of Erythropoiesis Responding to Hypoxia and Low Environmental Temperature in Vertebrates. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:747052. [PMID: 26557695 PMCID: PMC4628722 DOI: 10.1155/2015/747052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Erythrocytes are responsible for transporting oxygen to tissue and are essential for the survival of almost all vertebrate animals. Circulating erythrocyte counts are tightly regulated and respond to erythrocyte mass and oxygen tension. Since the discovery of erythropoietin, the erythropoietic responses to environment and tissue oxygen tension have been investigated in mice and human. Moreover, it has recently become increasingly clear that various environmental stresses could induce the erythropoiesis via various modulating systems, while all vertebrates live in various environments and habitually adapt to environmental stress. Therefore, it is considered that investigations of erythropoiesis in vertebrates provide a lead to the various erythropoietic responses to environmental stress. This paper comparatively introduces the present understanding of erythropoiesis in vertebrates. Indeed, there is a wide range of variations in vertebrates' erythropoiesis. This paper also focused on erythropoietic responses to environmental stress, hypoxia, and lowered temperature in vertebrates.
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