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Carreira LM, Cota J, Alves J, Inácio F, Alexandre-Pires G, Azevedo P. A Pilot Study of the Clinical Effectiveness of a Single Intra-Articular Injection of Stanozolol in Canines with Knee Degenerative Joint Disease and Its Correlation with Serum Interleukin-1β Levels. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1351. [PMID: 38731355 PMCID: PMC11082967 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Stanozolol shows promise as an anabolic and anti-catabolic agent for treating degenerative joint disease (DJD). This study assessed the clinical efficacy of a single intra-articular stanozolol injection in canine knees with DJD and its correlation with serum IL-1β levels. Thirty dogs (n = 30) were divided into a control group (CG, n = 10) and a study group (SG, n = 20) with DJD. Pain levels were assessed using the Brown query, and radiographs were taken at T0 and T3. IL-1β levels were quantified via ELISA. Apart from 2 patients, all showed reduced pain intensity, with 15 patients showing improvement at T1 and 3 patients at T2. A positive correlation (r = 0.84; p < 0.01) was found between pain level and IL-1β in 15 patients. No systemic effects were observed. Most patients (18/20) experienced reduced pain. This pilot study suggests stanozolol's potential in managing DJD in dogs. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and understand stanozolol's mechanism in DJD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Miguel Carreira
- Anjos of Assis Veterinary Medicine Centre-CMVAA, Rua D.ª Francisca da Azambuja Nº9-9A, 2830-077 Barreiro, Portugal (P.A.)
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.I.); (G.A.-P.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Research in Animal Health (CIISA), University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculty of American Laser Study Club—ALSC, Altamonte Springs, FL 32714, USA
| | - João Cota
- Anjos of Assis Veterinary Medicine Centre-CMVAA, Rua D.ª Francisca da Azambuja Nº9-9A, 2830-077 Barreiro, Portugal (P.A.)
| | - Joao Alves
- Divisão de Medicina Veterinária, Guarda Nacional Republicana (GNR), Rua Presidente Arriaga, 9, 1200-771 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Filipa Inácio
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.I.); (G.A.-P.)
| | - Graça Alexandre-Pires
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal; (F.I.); (G.A.-P.)
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Research in Animal Health (CIISA), University of Lisbon (FMV/ULisboa), Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Azevedo
- Anjos of Assis Veterinary Medicine Centre-CMVAA, Rua D.ª Francisca da Azambuja Nº9-9A, 2830-077 Barreiro, Portugal (P.A.)
- Faculty of American Laser Study Club—ALSC, Altamonte Springs, FL 32714, USA
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Cardona-Ramirez S, Cook JL, Stoker AM, Ma R. Small laboratory animal models of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:1967-1980. [PMID: 35689508 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common knee ligament injuries. While generally successful, ACL reconstruction that uses a tendon graft to stabilize the knee is still associated with a notable percentage of failures and long-term morbidities. Preclinical research that uses small laboratory species (i.e., mice, rats, and rabbits) to model ACL reconstruction are important to evaluate factors that can impact graft incorporation or posttraumatic osteoarthritis after ACL reconstruction. Small animal ACL reconstruction models are also used for proof-of-concept studies for the development of emerging biological strategies aimed at improving ACL reconstruction healing. The objective of this review is to provide an overview on the use of common small animal laboratory species to model ACL reconstruction. The review includes a discussion on comparative knee anatomy, technical considerations including types of tendon grafts employed amongst the small laboratory species (i.e., mice, rats, and rabbits), and common laboratory evaluative methods used to study healing and outcomes after ACL reconstruction in small laboratory animals. The review will also highlight common research questions addressed with small animal models of ACL reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Cardona-Ramirez
- Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Missouri Orthopaedic Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - James L Cook
- Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Missouri Orthopaedic Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Aaron M Stoker
- Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Missouri Orthopaedic Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Richard Ma
- Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics, Missouri Orthopaedic Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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Liu CX, Gao G, Qin XQ, Deng CQ, Shen XJ. Correlation Analysis of C-terminal telopeptide of collagen type II and Interleukin-1β for Early Diagnosis of Knee Osteoarthritis. Orthop Surg 2019; 12:286-294. [PMID: 31840428 PMCID: PMC7031551 DOI: 10.1111/os.12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the correlation between the Kellgren–Lawrence (K‐L) score of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients with different degrees and their urine concentration of C‐terminal telopeptide of collagen type II (CTX‐II) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), and to further evaluate the diagnostic value of CTX‐II and IL‐1β during the pathological process by producing an experimental osteoarthritis (OA) model in rabbits. Methods From 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2018, a total of 34 subjects (7 mild, 9 moderate, 9 severe arthritis patients, and 9 healthy individuals) comprising 16 men and 18 women were included in this study. Patients were diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria. The urine of all subjects was collected to detect the concentration of CTX‐II and IL‐1β. The rabbits in the KOA group were subjected to protease (control group with saline) injection into the articular cavity of their right knees and immobilization with gypsum. We used radiological and histological examination to identify the KOA model. ELISA was applied to investigate the concentrations of CTX‐II and IL‐1β in urine and serum, and Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation. Results There was no significant difference in the mean ages and body mass index (BMI) between groups. The mean ages of mild, moderate, and severe arthritis patients and healthy individuals were 54.29 ± 5.76, 58.44 ± 6.44, 59.89 ± 6.75, and 56.67 ± 4.18 years, respectively. The mean BMI of mild, moderate, and severe arthritis patients and healthy individuals were 23.59 ± 1.56, 23.57 ± 2.06, 24.46 ± 1.64, and 23.42 ± 1.35 kg/m2, respectively. The Kellgren–Lawrence (K‐L) score was higher with the aggravation of KOA. The K‐L scores of mild, moderate, and severe KOA patients were 1.14 ± 0.38, 2.56 ± 0.53, and 3.63 ± 0.52, respectively. The KOA symptoms of patients became more severe, with not only increased K‐L scores but also elevated concentrations of CTX‐II and IL‐1β. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between CTX‐II and IL‐1β of all subjects (r = 0.974, P < 0.001), between K‐L score and urine concentration of CTX‐II (r = 0.900, P < 0.001), and between K‐L score and IL‐1β (r = 0.813, P < 0.001) of all subjects. Both were significantly increased in KOA group rabbits at all time points after surgery. The serum concentration of CTX‐II and IL‐1β was elevated as early as in the 2nd week (3.69 and 4.25 times) and reached a peak (5.41 and 7.23 times) in the 4th week after surgery. Then, until 12 weeks after surgery, the CTX‐II and IL‐1β concentrations in the KOA group were slightly reduced and remained around 4.5 and 6.3 times that in the control group. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the serum concentration of IL‐1β and CTX‐II (r = 0.967, P < 0.001). Conclusion CTX‐II and IL‐1β, which were significantly increased during the process of KOA, can be used as biomolecular markers to provide guidelines for early diagnosis and treatment of KOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Xia Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ge Gao
- Faculty of Laboratory Medicine, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Qun Qin
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chang-Qing Deng
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiong-Jie Shen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Azukizawa M, Ito H, Hamamoto Y, Fujii T, Morita Y, Okahata A, Tomizawa T, Furu M, Nishitani K, Kuriyama S, Nakamura S, Yoshitomi H, Nakatani T, Tsuboyama T, Hamaguchi M, Matsuda S, Yasuda T. The Effects of Well-Rounded Exercise Program on Systemic Biomarkers Related to Cartilage Metabolism. Cartilage 2019; 10:451-458. [PMID: 29644876 PMCID: PMC6755879 DOI: 10.1177/1947603518767998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonsurgical treatment such as exercise is the preferred method for management of knee osteoarthritis (OA). A combination of aerobic, muscle strengthening, and flexibility exercises is recommended for older adults. However, effects of the exercise intervention on cartilage metabolism remain unclear. This study used biomarkers to investigate the effects of well-rounded exercise program on cartilage metabolism in 42 women (mean age: 59 years). Participants started a weekly supervised exercise program and continued for 12 weeks. Before and after the program, we measured physical performance on the Timed Up-and-Go Test, 3-Minute Walk Test, and 30-Second Chair Stand Test. We collected serum and urine samples at the start of the program until 24 weeks and measured the concentrations of 4 biomarkers related to type II collagen metabolism: serum cartilage type II procollagen carboxy propeptide (sPIICP), urine C-terminal telopeptide of collagen type II (uCTX-II), urine cleavage of type II collagen by collagenases (uC2C), and serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (sCOMP). Participants were divided into pre-OA and OA groups based on X-ray findings. The pre-OA group showed significant increases and decreases in sPIICP and uCTX-II concentrations with improved physical performance, respectively. sCOMP concentrations significantly increased in both groups. The exercise also improved physical performance with no detrimental effect on type II collagen metabolism in the OA group. Thus, well-rounded exercise may not only improve physical capacity but also have beneficial effects on type II collagen metabolism, especially in people without radiological OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Azukizawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromu Ito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan,Hiromu Ito, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Yosuke Hamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Fujii
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yugo Morita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akinori Okahata
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Tomizawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Moritoshi Furu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kohei Nishitani
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yoshitomi
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nakatani
- Department of Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health, Budo, and Sports Studies, Tenri University, Tenri, Japan
| | - Tadao Tsuboyama
- Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yasuda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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Ma T, Zhang Z, Song X, Bai H, Li Y, Li X, Zhao J, Ma Y, Gao L. Combined detection of COMP and CS846 biomarkers in experimental rat osteoarthritis: a potential approach for assessment and diagnosis of osteoarthritis. J Orthop Surg Res 2018; 13:230. [PMID: 30208927 PMCID: PMC6134595 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-018-0938-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To comprehensively evaluate the diagnostic value of serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and chondroitin sulfate 846 epitope (CS846) biomarkers in osteoarthritis (OA), longitudinal and combined measurement of serum COMP and CS846 were performed at different stages in the pathological process of OA in a rat model of anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). Methods Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups, including a model group (n = 30) and a control group (n = 30). Rat models were established by ACLT surgery, and sham operations were performed on rats in the control group. Prior to surgery and at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after ACLT surgery, serum levels of COMP and CS846 biomarkers were determined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay approach. Five rats per group were euthanized at 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 weeks after surgery, after which tibial plateau specimens were collected. Macroscopic observation and histological examination were employed for rat tibial plateau. Histological changes in articular cartilage were evaluated according to Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scoring criteria. The area under the curve (AUC) of COMP, CS846, and combined biomarkers was compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Within 10 weeks after surgery, serum levels of COMP and CS846 in the model group were significantly higher when compared to those in the control group. Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between changes in COMP and CS846 levels. At each time point, macroscopic observations and OARSI scores were significantly increased in the development of OA. The AUC of combined biomarkers was higher compared to that of COMP and CS846 alone. Finally, a positive relationship was found between levels of COMP and CS846 and the OARSI score. Conclusions In this study, we found that combined detection of serum CS846 and COMP levels can be used for diagnosis and monitoring of OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwen Ma
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhiheng Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xiaopeng Song
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hui Bai
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yue Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xinran Li
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yuanqiang Ma
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Li Gao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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She G, Zhou Z, Zha Z, Wang F, Pan X. Protective effect of zoledronic acid on articular cartilage and subchondral bone of rabbits with experimental knee osteoarthritis. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:4901-4909. [PMID: 29201194 PMCID: PMC5704325 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Subchondral bone reabsorption and remodeling are responsible for the initiation and progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Zoledronic acid (ZOL), a third-generation bisphosphonate (BIS), is an inhibitor of bone reabsorption. However, the intervention effect of ZOL on OA has not been fully characterized and remains to be directly demonstrated in animal experiments. The present study examined the microscopic and macroscopic changes in the anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) model of OA in rabbits and evaluated the effects of ZOL on cartilage degeneration and subchondral bone loss. A total of 32 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: High-, medium- and low-dose ZOL groups, which received an intravenous injection of 250, 50 and 10 µg/kg ZOL, respectively, after modeling, as well as an untreated group. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the knee joint was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning immediately after modeling and at 4 and 8 weeks. At week 8, quantitative measurement of cartilage was performed by a specialized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique, including three-dimensional fat-suppressed spoil gradient-recalled sequence and T2 mapping. The rabbits were sacrificed by air embolism after anesthesia and both knee joints were harvested and evaluated by general and histological observation. Toluidine blue and hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to assess histological changes in the articular cartilage. Quantitative analysis of cartilage histopathology was performed according to the Mankin scoring system. The BMD of ACLT joints dropped after modeling, which was effectively suppressed by ZOL at the high and medium dose but not the low dose. MRI scans demonstrated that in the untreated group, articular cartilages on ACLT knees were thinner than those on normal knees. The high dose of ZOL preserved the cartilage tissue thickness more efficiently than the medium and low doses. Observation of specimens and pathological slices revealed that the articular cartilage degeneration in the high-dose ZOL group was lightest, while that in the medium- and low-dose ZOL group was moderate, and the untreated group exhibited the most severe defect. The untreated group had the highest Mankin score, whereas the high-dose ZOL group had the lowest score. In conclusion, ZOL increased the subchondral bone density, improved the microstructure and reduced the degeneration of articular cartilage in OA according to morphological as well as quantitative observation. ZOL exerted significant chondroprotective effects in a dose-dependent manner. A favorable chondroprotective effect was induced at the dose of 250 µg/kg. ZOL may represent a novel promising drug to complement the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorong She
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Ziqi Zhou
- Department of Radiation Therapy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (East), Beijing 100000, P.R. China
| | - Zhengang Zha
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Pan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, P.R. China
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Legrand CB, Lambert CJ, Comblain FV, Sanchez C, Henrotin YE. Review of Soluble Biomarkers of Osteoarthritis: Lessons From Animal Models. Cartilage 2017; 8:211-233. [PMID: 28618869 PMCID: PMC5625856 DOI: 10.1177/1947603516656739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the leading causes of disability within the adult population. Currently, its diagnosis is mainly based on clinical examination and standard radiography. To date, there is no way to detect the disease at a molecular level, before the appearance of structural changes and symptoms. So an attractive alternative for monitoring OA is the measurement of biochemical markers in blood, urine, or synovial fluid, which could reflect metabolic changes in joint tissue and therefore disease onset and progression. Animal models are relevant to investigate the early stage of OA and metabolic changes occurring in joint tissues. The goal of this narrative review is to summarize the scientific data available in the literature on soluble biomarkers in animal models of OA. Design A literature search was conducted using the PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases between February 1995 and December 2015. All original articles, systematic and narrative reviews published in French or in English were considered. Results We summarized the data of 69 studies and proposed a classification scheme for OA biomarkers in animal studies, largely inspired by the BIPEDS classification. Conclusions Studies about biomarkers and animal models indicate that some markers could be valuable to monitor OA progression and assess therapeutic response in some animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine B. Legrand
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, University of Liège, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Cécile J. Lambert
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, University of Liège, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Fanny V. Comblain
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, University of Liège, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christelle Sanchez
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, University of Liège, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
| | - Yves E. Henrotin
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, University of Liège, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Princess Paola Hospital, Vivalia, Marche-en-Famenne, Belgium
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Bai B, Li Y. Combined detection of serum CTX-II and COMP concentrations in osteoarthritis model rabbits: an effective technique for early diagnosis and estimation of disease severity. J Orthop Surg Res 2016; 11:149. [PMID: 27876074 PMCID: PMC5120436 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-016-0483-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OA) is difficult. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and crosslinked C-telopeptides of type II collagen (CTX-II) are two markers which can potentially predict the destruction of articular cartilage of early OA. To comprehensively evaluate the diagnosis value of serum COMP and CTX-II markers in OA, the longitudinal and combined measurement of serum COMP and CTX-II were performed at different stages of pathological process of OA in adult rabbits with OA, compared with the sham-operated rabbits. Methods Thirty-six adult white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups, the OA group and the control group (n = 18 per group). OA models were established by anterior cruciate ligament transection. Sham operations were performed in the control group. Before the surgery and at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 after surgery, serum CTX-II and COMP concentrations were detected using sandwich-ELISA in all rabbits. Three rabbits in each group were killed at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 after surgery, and femoral condyle specimens were collected. Histological changes in articular cartilage were evaluated according to the Mankin scoring criteria. Results At each time point, the Mankin scores and serum concentrations of CTX-II and COMP were significantly higher in the OA group than in the control group. In addition, in the OA group, there was a significant relationship between the CTX-II and COMP concentrations and the Mankin score. Conclusions Early dynamic combined detection of serum CTX-II and COMP concentrations is effective for early OA diagnosis and evaluation of OA severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Bai
- Orthopedics Department, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, West YANTA Road 227#, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Yanqin Li
- School of Public Health, Health Science Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
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Abstract
The knee is a fascinating yet complex joint. Researchers and clinicians agree that the joint is an organ comprised of highly specialized intrinsic and extrinsic tissues contributing to both health and disease. Key to the function and movement of the knee are the menisci, exquisite fibrocartilage structures that are critical structures for maintaining biological and biomechanical integrity of the joint. The biological/physiological functions of the menisci must be understood at the tissue, cellular and even molecular levels in order to determine clinically relevant methods for assessing it and influencing it. By investigating normal and pathological functions at the basic science level, we can begin to translate data to patients. The objective of this article is to provide an overview of this translational pathway so that progression toward improved diagnostic, preventative, and therapeutic strategies can be effectively pursued. We have thoroughly examined the pathobiological, biomarker, and imaging aspects of meniscus research. This translational approach can be effective toward optimal diagnosis, prevention, and treatment for the millions of patients who suffer from meniscal disorders each year.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Cook
- a University of Missouri Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics , Columbia , MO , USA
| | - Keiichi Kuroki
- a University of Missouri Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics , Columbia , MO , USA
| | - Aaron M Stoker
- a University of Missouri Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics , Columbia , MO , USA
| | - Farrah A Monibi
- a University of Missouri Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopaedics , Columbia , MO , USA
| | - Brandon L Roller
- b Department of Radiology , Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center , Winston-Salem , NC , USA
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10
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Kuyinu EL, Narayanan G, Nair LS, Laurencin CT. Animal models of osteoarthritis: classification, update, and measurement of outcomes. J Orthop Surg Res 2016; 11:19. [PMID: 26837951 PMCID: PMC4738796 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-016-0346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most commonly occurring forms of arthritis in the world today. It is a debilitating chronic illness causing pain and immense discomfort to the affected individual. Significant research is currently ongoing to understand its pathophysiology and develop successful treatment regimens based on this knowledge. Animal models have played a key role in achieving this goal. Animal models currently used to study osteoarthritis can be classified based on the etiology under investigation, primary osteoarthritis, and post-traumatic osteoarthritis, to better clarify the relationship between these models and the pathogenesis of the disease. Non-invasive animal models have shown significant promise in understanding early osteoarthritic changes. Imaging modalities play a pivotal role in understanding the pathogenesis of OA and the correlation with pain. These imaging studies would also allow in vivo surveillance of the disease as a function of time in the animal model. This review summarizes the current understanding of the disease pathogenesis, invasive and non-invasive animal models, imaging modalities, and pain assessment techniques in the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel L Kuyinu
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA. .,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
| | - Ganesh Narayanan
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA. .,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
| | - Lakshmi S Nair
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA. .,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. .,Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
| | - Cato T Laurencin
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA. .,Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA. .,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. .,Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA. .,Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA. .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
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Wang K, Xu J, Hunter DJ, Ding C. Investigational drugs for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2015; 24:1539-56. [PMID: 26429673 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2015.1091880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease with multiple pathophysiological processes, affecting the whole joint. Current therapeutic options such as NSAIDs can provide a palliative effect on symptoms but have limited effect on disease progression. New drugs targeting OA structures may retard disease progression at an earlier stage and delay the need for joint replacement. AREAS COVERED Some drugs have entered into clinical trials and a few, such as strontium ranelate, do have improvements in both pain and structure changes. However, most of them have failed in clinical trials largely due to increased side effects or the failure to identify the right OA phenotype for the right drug in clinical design. This review describes various investigational drugs developed for the treatment of OA covering those at stages from preclinical experiments to early phase clinical trials. They include drugs for slowing cartilage degradation, regulating cartilage metabolism, targeting subchondral bone, controlling inflammation and relieving pain. EXPERT OPINION Treatment options for OA remain limited. However, with the emergence of sensitive tools to detect early disease progression and identification of different OA phenotypes, disease-modifying anti-OA drugs with increased benefit and reduced risks will become available for OA treatment in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Wang
- a 1 The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Arthritis Research Institute, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology , Hefei, China
| | - Jianhua Xu
- a 1 The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Arthritis Research Institute, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology , Hefei, China
| | - David J Hunter
- b 2 University of Sydney, Kolling Institute, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, Rheumatology Department , Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Changhai Ding
- a 1 The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Arthritis Research Institute, Department of Rheumatology and Immunology , Hefei, China.,c 3 University of Tasmania, Menzies Institute for Medical Research , Private Bag 23, Hobart, Tasmania 7000, Australia +61 3 62 26 77 30 ; +61 3 62 26 77 04 ;
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