Brandão GR, Teixeira L, Araújo L, Paúl C, Ribeiro O. Self-medication in older European adults: Prevalence and predictive factors.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2020;
91:104189. [PMID:
32717589 DOI:
10.1016/j.archger.2020.104189]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
Self-medication, despite some benefits, carries many risks, especially when practiced by older adults who are polymedicated. Information addressing the prevalence and associated factors of self-medication in older age in a European context is scarce and sometimes contradictory. This paper aims to estimate the prevalence of self-medication among older adults across Europe and to identify its predictive factors.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
SETTING
Micro-data from the European Health Interview Survey (2006-2009) was used.
PARTICIPANTS
The sample comprised 31,672 community-dwelling individuals aged 65 and over living in private households in 14 European countries.
MEASUREMENTS
The analyses explored the use, over the last two weeks, of any medicines, supplements, or vitamins that were not prescribed by a doctor.
RESULTS
The mean self-medication prevalence was 26.3 %, being the highest in Poland (49.4 %) and the lowest in Spain (7.8 %). Greater odds of self-medication were found for women and for participants who were younger, divorced, or presented a higher educational degree. The presence of long-standing illness and physical pain or not using prescribed medication also significantly increased the possibility of self-medication. A wide variation in the odds of self-medication between countries was also observed (up to 8 times more for Poland, compared to Spain).
CONCLUSION
Self-medication is a prevalent problem among older Europeans, and even though some think it is risk-free, dangers tend to be greater with advancing age. This study will help identify the groups most likely to have this behavior so that we can focus on targeted educative and preventive initiatives.
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