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MacGlashan D, Gao L. Association of a SYK promoter polymorphism with SYK expression and IgE-mediated histamine release. Clin Exp Allergy 2023; 53:573-576. [PMID: 36722389 PMCID: PMC10175125 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Donald MacGlashan
- Johns Hopkins University, Asthma and Allergy Center, Baltimore, MD 21224
| | - Li Gao
- Johns Hopkins University, Asthma and Allergy Center, Baltimore, MD 21224
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2
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Selnø ATH, Sumbayev VV, Gibbs BF. IgE-dependent human basophil responses are inversely associated with the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase (SERCA). Front Immunol 2023; 13:1052290. [PMID: 36685580 PMCID: PMC9846818 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1052290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Basophils crucially contribute to allergies and other Th2-driven diseases by rapidly releasing inflammatory and immunomodulatory mediators following high-affinity IgE-receptor crosslinking. Although these basophil-mediated responses depend on sensitization with antigen-specific IgE, this does not necessarily predict clinical symptom severity. It is thought that the balance of early stimulatory (e.g. SYK) and inhibitory (e.g. SHIP-1) intracellular signals are associated with basophil responsiveness, which is also critically dependent on calcium mobilization. Previous studies suggest that the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA2), which regulates cytosolic calcium levels, may be inversely associated with airway smooth muscle reactivity in asthma. Since basophils are implicated in asthma severity, our aims were to address whether SERCA2 is implicated in human basophil responses, especially following IgE-mediated activation. Human basophils were obtained from buffy coats, following research ethics approval, and further purified by immunomagnetic cell sorting. Expressions of SERCA2, and other isoforms, were determined by Western blotting in parallel to measuring IgE-dependent histamine releases from the same donors. The effects of a SERCA-activator and inhibitor were also assessed on their abilities to modulate basophil histamine release. We observed an inverse correlation between basophil responsiveness to IgE-dependent stimulation and SERCA2 expression. Thapsigargin, a highly-specific SERCA inhibitor, stimulated basophil histamine release and potentiated IgE-dependent secretion of the amine. Conversely, disulfiram, a SERCA activator, inhibited IgE-dependent basophil activation. The results obtained from this exploratory study indicate that SERCA2 may be an additional regulator of basophil reactivity alongside early excitatory or inhibitory signal transduction pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vadim V. Sumbayev
- School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham Maritime, United Kingdom
| | - Bernhard F. Gibbs
- School of Pharmacy, University of Kent, Chatham Maritime, United Kingdom,Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany,*Correspondence: Bernhard F. Gibbs,
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3
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Badi YE, Salcman B, Taylor A, Rana B, Kermani NZ, Riley JH, Worsley S, Mumby S, Dahlen SE, Cousins D, Bulfone-Paus S, Affleck K, Chung KF, Bates S, Adcock IM. IL1RAP expression and the enrichment of IL-33 activation signatures in severe neutrophilic asthma. Allergy 2023; 78:156-167. [PMID: 35986608 PMCID: PMC10086999 DOI: 10.1111/all.15487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interleukin (IL)-33 is an upstream regulator of type 2 (T2) eosinophilic inflammation and has been proposed as a key driver of some asthma phenotypes. OBJECTIVE To derive gene signatures from in vitro studies of IL-33-stimulated cells and use these to determine IL-33-associated enrichment patterns in asthma. METHODS Signatures downstream of IL-33 stimulation were derived from our in vitro study of human mast cells and from public datasets of in vitro stimulated human basophils, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2), regulatory T cells (Treg) and endothelial cells. Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) was used to probe U-BIOPRED and ADEPT sputum transcriptomics to determine enrichment scores (ES) for each signature according to asthma severity, sputum granulocyte status and previously defined molecular phenotypes. RESULTS IL-33-activated gene signatures were cell-specific with little gene overlap. Individual signatures, however, were associated with similar signalling pathways (TNF, NF-κB, IL-17 and JAK/STAT signalling) and immune cell differentiation pathways (Th17, Th1 and Th2 differentiation). ES for IL-33-activated gene signatures were significantly enriched in asthmatic sputum, particularly in patients with neutrophilic and mixed granulocytic phenotypes. IL-33 mRNA expression was not elevated in asthma whereas the expression of mRNA for IL1RL1, the IL-33 receptor, was up-regulated in the sputum of severe eosinophilic asthma. The mRNA expression for IL1RAP, the IL1RL1 co-receptor, was greatest in severe neutrophilic and mixed granulocytic asthma. CONCLUSIONS IL-33-activated gene signatures are elevated in neutrophilic and mixed granulocytic asthma corresponding with IL1RAP co-receptor expression. This suggests incorporating T2-low asthma in anti-IL-33 trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusef Eamon Badi
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK.,BenevolentAI, London, UK
| | - Barbora Salcman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Adam Taylor
- GSK Respiratory Therapeutic Area Unit, Stevenage, UK
| | | | | | - John H Riley
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sally Worsley
- GSK Value Evidence and Outcomes, GSK House, Brentford, UK
| | - Sharon Mumby
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sven-Eric Dahlen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Cousins
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Stewart Bates
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ian M Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
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4
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Patel CK, Kahrilas PJ, Hodge NB, Tsikretsis LE, Carlson DA, Pandolfino JE, Tétreault MP. RNA-sequencing reveals molecular and regional differences in the esophageal mucosa of achalasia patients. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20616. [PMID: 36450816 PMCID: PMC9712691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Achalasia is an esophageal motility disorder characterized by the functional loss of myenteric plexus ganglion cells in the distal esophagus and lower esophageal sphincter. Histological changes have been reported in the esophageal mucosa of achalasia, suggesting its involvement in disease pathogenesis. Despite recent advances in diagnosis, our understanding of achalasia pathogenesis at the molecular level is very limited and gene expression profiling has not been performed. We performed bulk RNA-sequencing on esophageal mucosa from 14 achalasia and 8 healthy subjects. 65 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in the distal esophageal mucosa of achalasia subjects and 120 DEGs were identified in proximal esophagus. Gene expression analysis identified genes common or exclusive to proximal and distal esophagus, highlighting regional differences in the disease. Enrichment of signaling pathways related to cytokine response and viral defense were observed. Increased infiltration of CD45+ intraepithelial leukocytes were seen in the mucosa of 38 achalasia patients compared to 12 controls. Novel insights into the molecular changes occurring in achalasia were generated in this transcriptomic study. Some gene changes observed in the mucosa of achalasia may be associated with esophagitis. Differences in DEGs between distal and proximal esophagus highlight the importance of better understanding regional differences in achalasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline K Patel
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, M-336 McGaw Building, 240 East Huron, Chicago, IL, 60611-3010, USA
| | - Peter J Kahrilas
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, M-336 McGaw Building, 240 East Huron, Chicago, IL, 60611-3010, USA
| | - Nathan B Hodge
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, M-336 McGaw Building, 240 East Huron, Chicago, IL, 60611-3010, USA
| | - Lia E Tsikretsis
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, M-336 McGaw Building, 240 East Huron, Chicago, IL, 60611-3010, USA
| | - Dustin A Carlson
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, M-336 McGaw Building, 240 East Huron, Chicago, IL, 60611-3010, USA
| | - John E Pandolfino
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, M-336 McGaw Building, 240 East Huron, Chicago, IL, 60611-3010, USA
| | - Marie-Pier Tétreault
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, M-336 McGaw Building, 240 East Huron, Chicago, IL, 60611-3010, USA.
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5
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Castaño N, Kim S, Martin AM, Galli SJ, Nadeau KC, Tang SKY. Exponential magnetophoretic gradient for the direct isolation of basophils from whole blood in a microfluidic system. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:1690-1701. [PMID: 35438713 PMCID: PMC9080715 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00154c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite their rarity in peripheral blood, basophils play important roles in allergic disorders and other diseases including sepsis and COVID-19. Existing basophil isolation methods require many manual steps and suffer from significant variability in purity and recovery. We report an integrated basophil isolation device (i-BID) in microfluidics for negative immunomagnetic selection of basophils directly from 100 μL of whole blood within 10 minutes. We use a simulation-driven pipeline to design a magnetic separation module to apply an exponentially increasing magnetic force to capture magnetically tagged non-basophils flowing through a microtubing sandwiched between magnetic flux concentrators sweeping across a Halbach array. The exponential profile captures non-basophils effectively while preventing their excessive initial buildup causing clogging. The i-BID isolates basophils with a mean purity of 93.9% ± 3.6% and recovery of 95.6% ± 3.4% without causing basophil degradation or unintentional activation. Our i-BID has the potential to enable basophil-based point-of-care diagnostics such as rapid allergy assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Castaño
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, USA.
| | - Sungu Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, USA.
| | - Adrian M Martin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, USA.
| | - Stephen J Galli
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, with courtesy in Otolaryngology and in Population Science and Epidemiology, Stanford University, USA.
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, USA
| | - Sindy K Y Tang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, USA.
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Bonam SR, Chauvin C, Mathew MJ, Bayry J. IFN-γ Induces PD-L1 Expression in Primed Human Basophils. Cells 2022; 11:801. [PMID: 35269423 PMCID: PMC8909048 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) plays a key role in maintaining immune tolerance and also in immune evasion of cancers and pathogens. Though the identity of stimuli that induce PD-L1 in various human innate cells and their function are relatively well studied, data on the basophils remain scarce. In this study, we have identified one of the factors, such as IFN-γ, that induces PD-L1 expression in human basophils. Interestingly, we found that basophil priming by IL-3 is indispensable for IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 expression in human basophils. However, priming by other cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) was dispensable. Analyses of a published microarray data set on IL-3-treated basophils indicated that IL-3 enhances IFNGR2, one of the chains of the IFNGR heterodimer complex, and CD274, thus providing a mechanistic insight into the role of IL-3 priming in IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 expression in human basophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (S.R.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Camille Chauvin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (S.R.B.); (C.C.)
| | | | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (S.R.B.); (C.C.)
- Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad 678623, India
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Miyake K, Shibata S, Yoshikawa S, Karasuyama H. Basophils and their effector molecules in allergic disorders. Allergy 2021; 76:1693-1706. [PMID: 33205439 DOI: 10.1111/all.14662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Basophils are the rarest granulocytes which represent <1% of peripheral blood leukocytes. Basophils bear several phenotypic similarities to tissue-resident mast cells and therefore had been erroneously considered as blood-circulating mast cells. However, recent researches have revealed that basophils play nonredundant roles in allergic inflammation, protective immunity against parasitic infections and regulation of innate and acquired immunity. Basophils are recruited to inflamed tissues and activated in an IgE-dependent or IgE-independent manner to release a variety of effector molecules. Such molecules, including IL-4, act on various types of cells and play versatile roles, including the induction and termination of allergic inflammation and the regulation of immune responses. Recent development of novel therapeutic agents has enabled us to gain further insights into basophil biology in human disorders. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in the field of basophil biology with a particular focus on the role of basophils in allergic inflammation. Further studies on basophils and their effector molecules will help us identify novel therapeutic targets for treating allergic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Miyake
- Inflammation, Infection and Immunity Laboratory TMDU Advanced Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
| | - Sho Shibata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
| | - Soichiro Yoshikawa
- Department of Cell Physiology Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences Okayama University Okayama Japan
| | - Hajime Karasuyama
- Inflammation, Infection and Immunity Laboratory TMDU Advanced Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
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8
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[The basophil: From control of immunity to control of leukemias]. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2021; 80:9-25. [PMID: 34051212 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The basophils, first described by Paul Ehlrich in 1879, are rare circulating cells, representing approximately 0.01 to 0.3% of the blood leukocytes. Until recently, these cells have been neglected because of their minority status among immune cells and because they show some similarities to mast cells residing in tissues. However, basophils and mast cells are now recognized as distinct cell lines and it appears that basophils have important and non-redundant functions, distinct from those of mast cells. On the one hand, basophils have beneficial contribution to protective immunity, in particular against parasitic infections. On the other hand, basophils are involved in the development of various benign and malignant pathologies, ranging from allergy to certain leukemias. Basophils interact with other immune cells or neoplastic cells through direct contacts or soluble mediators, such as cytokines and proteases, thus contributing to the regulation of the immune system but also to allergic responses, and probably to the process of neoplastic transformation. In this review, we will develop recent knowledge on the involvement of basophils in the modulation of innate and adaptive immunity. We will then describe the benign or malignant circumstances in which an elevation of circulating basophils can be observed. Finally, we will discuss the role played by these cells in the pathophysiology of certain leukemias, particularly during chronic myeloid leukemia.
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9
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MacGlashan D, Saini S, Schroeder JT. Response of peripheral blood basophils in subjects with chronic spontaneous urticaria during treatment with omalizumab. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 147:2295-2304.e12. [PMID: 33716077 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of patients with asthma or food allergy with omalizumab results in several consistent changes in circulating basophils. The multiple basophil phenotypes observed in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) present some unique attributes that may not respond in a similar fashion to patients with asthma or food allergy. As part of a clinical study on the therapeutic outcomes of omalizumab treatment in CSU, the basophil compartment was examined for changes in characteristics predicted by prior studies. OBJECTIVE This study sought to examine the changes in basophil function and its relationship to auto-antibodies in serum during treatment with omalizumab. METHODS At multiple time points before and during omalizumab treatment of patients with CSU, basophil surface IgE and FcεRI expression, cellular spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) expression, IgE-mediated histamine release (HR), and the presence of auto-antibodies in serum were determined. RESULTS Three basophil phenotypes were enumerated in the clinical study and used to group results in this basophil study: subjects with (1) basopenia, (2) normal basophil numbers with normal IgE-mediated HR, and (3) normal basophil numbers with poor HR. Basopenia was highly associated with the presence of auto-antibodies to unoccupied FcεRI and basophil numbers did not change during treatment. Likewise, subjects who are basopenic showed no changes in SYK expression or HR during treatment. In basophils of subjects who are nonbasopenic, increases in SYK expression and HR showed the expected inverse relationship to starting SYK and HR levels. Treatment with omalizumab resulted in similar kinetics for decreases in surface FcεRI and IgE in all 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS A unifying interpretation of the results revolves around the presence of auto-antibodies to FcεRI in CSU. If present, basopenia and an absence of changes in basophils during omalizumab treatment are observed. If auto-antibodies are absent, the changes in the basophil compartment are consistent with prior studies of asthma and food allergy. These group differences also are related to efficacy of the treatment for clinical outcomes, as found in the parent clinical study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarbjit Saini
- Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
| | - John T Schroeder
- Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
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Vivanco Gonzalez N, Oliveria JP, Tebaykin D, Ivison GT, Mukai K, Tsai MM, Borges L, Nadeau KC, Galli SJ, Tsai AG, Bendall SC. Mass Cytometry Phenotyping of Human Granulocytes Reveals Novel Basophil Functional Heterogeneity. iScience 2020; 23:101724. [PMID: 33205028 PMCID: PMC7653073 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Basophils, the rarest granulocyte, play critical roles in parasite- and allergen-induced inflammation. We applied mass cytometry (CyTOF) to simultaneously asses 44 proteins to phenotype and functionally characterize neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils from 19 healthy donors. There was minimal heterogeneity seen in eosinophils and neutrophils, but data-driven analyses revealed four unique subpopulations within phenotypically basophilic granulocytes (PBG; CD45+HLA-DR−CD123+). Through CyTOF and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), we classified these four PBG subpopulations as (I) CD16lowFcεRIhighCD244high (88.5 ± 1.2%), (II) CD16highFcεRIhighCD244high (9.1 ± 0.4%), (III) CD16lowFcεRIlowCD244low (2.3 ± 1.3), and (IV) CD16highFcεRIlowCD244low (0.4 ± 0.1%). Prospective isolation confirmed basophilic-morphology of PBG I–III, but neutrophilic-morphology of PBG IV. Functional interrogation via IgE-crosslinking or IL-3 stimulation demonstrated that PBG I–II had significant increases in CD203c expression, whereas PBG III–IV remained unchanged compared with media-alone conditions. Thus, PBG III–IV could serve roles in non-IgE-mediated immunity. Our findings offer new perspectives in human basophil heterogeneity and the varying functional potential of these new subsets in health and disease. Unsupervised clustering revealed 4 basophil populations, driven by CD16, CD244, and FcεRI The rarest basophil subpopulation IV was morphologically neutrophils Anti-IgE and IL-3 stimulation did not induce functional responses in III and IV Basophil subpopulation heterogeneity was observed in healthy and CML samples
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Vivanco Gonzalez
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford Blood Center, 3373 Hillview Avenue Room 230A, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - John-Paul Oliveria
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford Blood Center, 3373 Hillview Avenue Room 230A, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respirology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, L8S4K1, Canada
| | - Dmitry Tebaykin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford Blood Center, 3373 Hillview Avenue Room 230A, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Geoffrey T. Ivison
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford Blood Center, 3373 Hillview Avenue Room 230A, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kaori Mukai
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford Blood Center, 3373 Hillview Avenue Room 230A, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy Research, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Mindy M. Tsai
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford Blood Center, 3373 Hillview Avenue Room 230A, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy Research, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Luciene Borges
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford Blood Center, 3373 Hillview Avenue Room 230A, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kari C. Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy Research, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stephen J. Galli
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford Blood Center, 3373 Hillview Avenue Room 230A, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy Research, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Albert G. Tsai
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford Blood Center, 3373 Hillview Avenue Room 230A, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sean C. Bendall
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford Blood Center, 3373 Hillview Avenue Room 230A, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
- Corresponding author
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11
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Zhao S, Tang Y, Hong L, Xu M, Pan S, Zhen K, Tang R, Zhai X, Shi Z, Wang H. Interleukin 2 regulates the activation of human basophils. Cytokine 2020; 127:154934. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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12
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Peng X, Zhao M, Gao L, Sen R, MacGlashan D. Identifying regulatory pathways of spleen tyrosine kinase expression in human basophils. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 145:947-957. [PMID: 31629804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression levels of spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), a critical signaling tyrosine kinase in basophils, are uniquely low relative to all other circulating leukocytes, and levels are highly variable in the population. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether transcriptional regulation of SYK through unique silencing of the SYK gene determines its basophil-specific expression patterns. METHODS Culture-derived basophils (CD34B cells) were derived from cultures of CD34+ progenitor cells by using 2 methods (G1 or G3). Peripheral blood basophils (PBBs; relative SYK protein level = 1), B cells (SYK = 8), CD34B-G1 cells (SYK = 11), and CD34B-G3 cells (SYK = 5) were examined by using assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq) methods. In addition, the transcriptomes of 6 cell types, PBBs, peripheral blood eosinophils (SYK = 11), plasmacytoid dendritic cells (SYK = 30), CD34+ progenitors (SYK = 11), CD34B-G1 cells, and CD34B-G3 cells, were analyzed for patterns that matched patterns of SYK expression in these cells, with a focus on transcription factors. RESULTS ATAC-seq showed that PBBs have multiple open regions in the SYK gene, suggesting a nonsilenced state with 1 region unique to PBBs (low SYK expression), 1 region unique to both PBBs (low SYK expression) and both G1 and G3 CD34B cells (high and moderate SYK expression, respectively), and 5 regions unique to B cells (high SYK expression). SYK expression across the 6 cell types explored showed a unique pattern that was matched to expression patterns of 3 transcription factors: Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), zinc-finger protein 608 (ZNF608), and musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma protein (c-MAF). CONCLUSIONS Two new potential regulatory pathways for SYK expression were identified. One appears independent of transcriptional regulation, and one appears to be dependent on transcriptional control in the SYK gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Peng
- Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Biomedical Research Center, National Institutes of Health/National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Md
| | - Li Gao
- Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md
| | - Ranjan Sen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zenarruzabeitia O, Vitallé J, Terrén I, Orrantia A, Astigarraga I, Dopazo L, Gonzalez C, Santos-Díez L, Tutau C, Gamboa PM, Bilbao A, Borrego F. CD300c costimulates IgE-mediated basophil activation, and its expression is increased in patients with cow's milk allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 143:700-711.e5. [PMID: 29906528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basophils express high-affinity IgE receptors (FcεRI), which play an essential role in allergic diseases. It is important to characterize new cell-surface receptors that modulate IgE-mediated basophil activation threshold to design promising immunomodulatory therapies. OBJECTIVES We sought to analyze the expression of CD300 receptors on human basophils and their implication in IgE-mediated basophil activation processes. METHODS Blood samples from healthy subjects and patients with cow's milk allergy were collected through the Basque Biobank under an institutional review board-approved protocol. PBMCs were obtained by means of density centrifugation, basophils were purified with a specific isolation kit, and phenotypic and functional studies were performed by using flow cytometry. RESULTS We demonstrate that basophils express the activating receptor CD300c, which is specifically upregulated in response to IL-3. CD300c works as a costimulatory molecule during IgE-mediated basophil activation, as shown by a significant increase in degranulation and cytokine production when basophils are activated in the presence of CD300c cross-linking compared with activation through the IgE/FcεRI axis alone. Coligation of FcεRI and CD300c increased intracellular calcium mobilization and phosphorylation of signaling intermediates evoked only by FcεRI ligation. We show that the natural ligands of CD300c, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine, modulate IgE-mediated basophil activation. Furthermore, we have observed that CD300c expression in children with cow's milk allergy is increased compared with that in healthy control subjects and that the intensity of expression correlates with the severity of the hypersensitivity symptoms. CONCLUSION CD300c could be considered a biomarker and therapeutic target in patients with IgE-mediated allergic diseases because it seems to be involved in the modulation of IgE-mediated basophil activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatz Zenarruzabeitia
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.
| | - Joana Vitallé
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Iñigo Terrén
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Ane Orrantia
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Itziar Astigarraga
- Pediatric Oncology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Pediatrics Service, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Leire Dopazo
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Pediatrics Service, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Carlos Gonzalez
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain; Pediatrics Service, Basurto University Hospital, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Laura Santos-Díez
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Pediatrics Service, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Carlos Tutau
- Pediatrics Service, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Pedro M Gamboa
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Allergology Service, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Agurtzane Bilbao
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Pediatrics Service, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Francisco Borrego
- Immunopathology Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain; Basque Center for Transfusion and Human Tissues, Galdakao, Spain.
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Chirumbolo S, Bjørklund G, Sboarina A, Vella A. The role of basophils as innate immune regulatory cells in allergy and immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018; 14:815-831. [PMID: 29257936 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1417711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Basophils are circulating cells that are associated quite exclusively with allergy response and hypersensitivity reactions but their role in the immune network might be much more intriguing and complex than previously expected. The feasibility of testing their biology in vitro for allergy research and diagnosis, due fundamentally to their quite easy availability in the peripheral blood, made them the major source for assessing allergy in the laboratory assay, when yet many further cells such as mast cells and eosinophils are much more involved as effector cells in allergy than circulating basophils. Interestingly, basophil numbers change rarely in peripheral blood during an atopic response, while we might yet observe an increase in eosinophils and modification in the biology of mast cells in the tissue during an hypersensitivity response. Furthermore, the fact that basophils are very scanty in numbers suggests that they should mainly serve as regulatory cells in immunity, rather than effector leukocytes, as still believed by the majority of physicians. In this review we will try to describe and elucidate the possible role of these cells, known as "innate IL4-producing cells" in the immune regulation of allergy and their function in allergen immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- a Department of Neurological and Movement Sciences , University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- b Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine (CONEM) , Mo i Rana , Norway
| | - Andrea Sboarina
- c Department of Surgery , Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology-University of Verona , Verona , Italy
| | - Antonio Vella
- d Unit of Immunology-Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata (AOUI) , Verona , Italy
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Abstract
Food allergies manifest in a variety of clinical conditions within the gastrointestinal tract, skin and lungs, with the most dramatic and sometimes fatal manifestation being anaphylactic shock. Major progress has been made in basic, translational and clinical research, leading to a better understanding of the underlying immunological mechanisms that lead to the breakdown of clinical and immunological tolerance against food antigens, which can result in either immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated reactions or non-IgE-mediated reactions. Lifestyle factors, dietary habits and maternal-neonatal interactions play a pivotal part in triggering the onset of food allergies, including qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota. These factors seem to have the greatest influence early in life, an observation that has led to the generation of hypotheses to explain the food allergy epidemic, including the dual-allergen exposure hypothesis. These hypotheses have fuelled research in preventive strategies that seek to establish desensitization to allergens and/or tolerance to allergens in affected individuals. Allergen-nonspecific therapeutic strategies have also been investigated in a number of clinical trials, which will eventually improve the treatment options for patients with food allergy.
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Travers J, Rochman M, Caldwell JM, Besse JA, Miracle CE, Rothenberg ME. IL-33 is induced in undifferentiated, non-dividing esophageal epithelial cells in eosinophilic esophagitis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17563. [PMID: 29242581 PMCID: PMC5730585 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular and cellular etiology of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), an emerging tissue-specific allergic disease, involves dysregulated gene expression in esophageal epithelial cells. Herein, we assessed the esophageal expression of IL-33, an epithelium-derived alarmin cytokine, in patients with EoE. IL-33 protein was markedly overexpressed within the nuclei of a subpopulation of basal layer esophageal epithelial cells in patients with active EoE compared to control individuals. IL-33 exhibited dynamic expression as levels normalized upon EoE remission. IL-33–positive basal epithelial cells expressed E-cadherin and the undifferentiated epithelial cell markers keratin 5 and 14 but not the differentiation marker keratin 4. Moreover, the IL-33–positive epithelial cells expressed the epithelial progenitor markers p75 and p63 and lacked the proliferation markers Ki67 and phospho-histone H3. Additionally, the IL-33–positive cells had low expression of PCNA. IL-33 expression was detected in ex vivo–cultured primary esophageal epithelial cells in a subpopulation of cells lacking expression of proliferation markers. Collectively, we report that IL-33 expression is induced in an undifferentiated, non-dividing esophageal epithelial cell population in patients with active EoE.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Travers
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA
| | - M Rochman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA
| | - J M Caldwell
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA
| | - J A Besse
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA
| | - C E Miracle
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA
| | - M E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229-3039, USA.
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17
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MacGlashan D. Stability of Syk protein and mRNA in human peripheral blood basophils. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 100:535-43. [PMID: 26980801 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.2a0815-356r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In human basophils, Syk expression is 10-fold lower than most other types of leukocytes. There are indirect studies that suggest that Syk protein is highly unstable (a calculated half-life less than 15 min) in human peripheral blood basophils. Therefore, in these studies, Syk stability was directly examined. Purified basophils were metabolically labeled and a pulse-chase experimental design showed Syk protein to be stable in the time frame of 12 h (95% likelihood that half-life is more than 12 h). However, its synthetic rate was very slow (∼10-fold slower) compared with CD34-derived basophils, which have been shown to express levels of Syk consistent with other mature circulating leukocytes. Syk mRNA expression was found to be 5-30-fold lower than other cell types (CD34-derived basophils, peripheral blood eosinophils, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells). Syk protein and mRNA levels, across cell types, were relatively concordant. Syk mRNA in basophils showed a half-life of 3.5 h, which was greater than that of interleukin-4 or Fc epsilon receptor I-α mRNA (∼2 h), but somewhat shorter than Fc epsilon receptor I-β mRNA (8 h). A comparison of miR expression between CD34-derived and peripheral blood basophils demonstrated only 1 significant increase, in miR-150 (77-fold). Transfection in human embryonic kidney cells of a stabilized form of miR-150 showed that it modified expression of c-Myb mRNA but not of Syk mRNA or protein. These results suggest that low Syk expression in basophils results, not from protein instability and perhaps not from mRNA stability. Instead, the results point to the transcriptional nature of an important point of regulation.
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Chirumbolo S. CD203c in patients with cystic fibrosis and allergy to Aspergillus fumigatus. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 137:969. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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