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Naderi N, Souri M, Nasr-Esfahani MH, Hajian M, Nazem MN. Ferulago angulata extract alleviates testicular toxicity in male mice exposed to diazinon and lead. Tissue Cell 2023; 85:102257. [PMID: 37924715 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Ferulago angulata extract (FAE) against the reproductive toxicants Diazinon (DZN) and Lead (Pb) in mice. These pollutants are known to induce oxidative stress (OS), while FAE acts as a natural antioxidant. Adult male NMRI mice were exposed to DZN, Pb, and DZN+Pb, with or without FAE treatment for six weeks. We evaluated OS markers, testicular histology, and expression of mRNA related to enzymatic antioxidants. Exposure to DZN and Pb led to increased levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and nitric oxide (NO) in the testes, along with a decrease in the total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Furthermore, the mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) was altered. However, when FAE was administered concurrently, it restored the biochemical parameters to normal levels, reduced the toxic effects of DZN and Pb, and provided protection against testicular histopathological injury. These findings suggest that FAE has the potential to serve as a protective agent against oxidative damage caused by contaminants in reproductive organs, specifically in the testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nushin Naderi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Manouchehr Souri
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Hajian
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Naser Nazem
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Gurbuz İ, Gunbatan T, Bakar-Ates F, Hoti B, Duman H, Kilic CS. The five Ferulago species inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis of A549, MCF-7, PC3 and SW480 cancer cells in vitro. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:122. [PMID: 37033384 PMCID: PMC10076487 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03538-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of ethanolic extracts prepared from the roots of 5 Ferulago species [F. humilis Boiss., F. macrosciadia Boiss. & Balansa, F. sandrasica Peşmen & Quézel, F. silaifolia (Boiss.) Boiss., F. trojana Akalın & Pimenov] on various human cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity analyses against human lung (A549), breast (MCF-7), prostate (PC3) and colon (SW480) cancer cell lines were determined by MTT test; while the apoptotic effect was evaluated by Annexin V binding assay. All studied extracts showed concentration-dependent cytotoxic activity with an IC50 value ranging from 0.416 to 5.336 mg/mL. The studied Ferulago species significantly induced apoptosis of cancer cells, while F. macrosciadia had the highest apoptotic activity on MCF-7 cells with 21.79 ± 1.63% apoptotic cell population (p < 0.0001). In addition, felamedin and prantschimgin content of the extracts, which are common coumarins in Ferulago species, were evaluated by HPLC. According to HPLC analysis, the highest amount of felamedin content was found in F. trojana, while the highest content of prantschimgin was found in F. sandrasica among the studied Ferulago species. This preliminary research has revealed that the studied Ferulago species have promising effects on various cancer cell lines. Further studies are planned to determine the compounds responsible for the effect and underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlhan Gurbuz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tugba Gunbatan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Filiz Bakar-Ates
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Berna Hoti
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hayri Duman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ceyda Sibel Kilic
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Joshi BC, Juyal V, Sah AN, Verma P, Mukhija M. Review On Documented Medicinal Plants Used For The Treatment Of Cancer. CURRENT TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/2215083807666211011125110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Cancer is a frightful disease and it is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Naturally derived compounds are gaining interest of research workers as they have less toxic side effects as compared to currently used treatments such as chemotherapy. Plants are the pool of chemical compounds which provides a promising future for research on cancer.
Objective:
This review paper provides updated information gathered on medicinal plants and isolated phytoconstituents used as anticancer agents and summarises the plant extracts and their isolated chemical constituents exhibiting anticancer potential on clinical trials.
Methods:
An extensive bibliographic investigation was carried out by analysing worldwide established scientific databases like SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO, ScienceDirect, Springerlink, Web of Science, Wiley, SciFinder and Google Scholar etc. In next few decades, herbal medicine may become a new epoch of medical system.
Results:
Many researches are going on medicinal plants for the treatment of cancer but it is a time to increase further experimental studies on plant extracts and their chemical constituents to find out their mechanism of action at molecular level.
Conclusion:
The article may help many researchers to start off further experimentation that might lead to the drugs for the cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhuwan Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Vijay Juyal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Archana N. Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Bhimtal Campus, Nainital-263136, India
| | - Piyush Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical science and Technology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun-248001, India
| | - Minky Mukhija
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ch. Devi Lal College of Pharmacy, Buria Road, Bhagwangarh, Jagadhri-135003, India
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Badalamenti N, Ilardi V, Rosselli S, Bruno M. The ethnobotany, phytochemistry and biological properties of genus Ferulago - A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 274:114050. [PMID: 33753144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Ferulago, belonging to the Apiaceae family, is found mainly in the Mediterranean area, Southwest and Middle Asia, the Caucasus and North Africa. Since ancient times, species of this genus have been largely employed in traditional medicine for their biological properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, insecticidal, and anti-malaria, cholinesterase inhibition effects, etc. AIMS: The scope of this paper is to present a comprehensive respect review of this interesting genus including traditional uses, chemical composition of volatile and non-volatile metabolites, and in vitro and in vivo biological properties either utilizing the crude extracts or essential oils, or the single isolated compounds. Furthermore, critical considerations of the published data have been highlighted by comparing them with the results obtained from species of other genus belonging to the Apiaceae family. MATERIALS AND METHODS The available information on these genera was collected from scientific databases and cover from 1967 up to 2020. The following electronic databases were used: PubMed, SciFinder, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. The search terms used for this review included Ferulago, all the botanical names of the species, both accepted names or synonyms, essential oils, volatile components, traditional uses, activity, pharmacology, and toxicity. No limitations were set for languages. A total of 230 articles were included in the present review. RESULTS Researches performed on either crude extracts, solvent fractions or isolated pure compounds from species of genus Ferulago showed several biological properties such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antidiabetic, enzymatic, cytotoxic, anticancer, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, antileishmanial, antimalarial, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, etc. Activities. Phytochemical investigations of Ferulago species have revealed that coumarins are the main constituents of the genera. A large number of flavonoids, terpenoids and other metabolites were also identified. Furthermore, a complete review on the essential oil composition of all the taxa studied so far has been also included. CONCLUSION In the present study, we have provided scientific information and research developments on traditional uses, phytochemical profiles, biological activities and industrial practices on the Ferulago genus. The commercial use and the applications in agri-food sector of some of these species have been also considered. In fact, the various extracts and essential oils have been used as antioxidants and/or as antimicrobial agents, for the stabilization of sunflower and soybean oil, for food packagings, as antioxidants of mayonnaise and yogurt during their storage and, also, as economically valid source for obtaining single compounds, more expensive at a synthetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natale Badalamenti
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ilardi
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences (DISTeM), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Sergio Rosselli
- Department of Agricultural and Forest Sciences (SAAF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Riutilizzo Bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari" (RIVIVE), University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Riutilizzo Bio-based degli scarti da matrici agroalimentari" (RIVIVE), University of Palermo, Italy.
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Süzgeç-Selçuk S, Dikpınar T. Phytochemical evaluation of the Ferulago genus and the pharmacological activities of its coumarin constituents. J Herb Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Naderi N, Hajian M, Souri M, Nasr Esfahani MH, Vash NT. Ferulago angulata extract improves the quality of buck spermatozoa post-thaw and counteracts the harmful effects of diazinon and lead. Cryobiology 2021; 98:17-24. [PMID: 33460590 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
During cryopreservation, spermatozoa are exposed to chemical or physical stress that has adverse effects on the quality of mammalian spermatozoa. Recently, much attention has been paid to environmental contaminants (ECs) in livestock, because of their detrimental effects on livestock productivity and fertility. ECs like diazinon (DZN) and lead acetate (LA) are considered ubiquitous and induced oxidative stress, which decreases spermatozoa quality. Since Ferulago angulata extract (FAE) has antioxidant properties, the present study investigated the effect of FAE supplementation in a freezing extender, in the presence or absence of DZN + LA, during cryopreservation, on the quality and fertility ability of buck spermatozoa after thawing. Pooled ejaculates were diluted with a freezing extender and supplemented with FAE (0.002%, w/v) in the presence or absence of DZN (100 μM) + LA (12.5 μM). Post-thaw spermatozoa parameters, ROS production, fertilization ability, and developmental competence of oocytes inseminated with FAE/DZN + LA treated spermatozoa were calculated. The results demonstrated that FAE improves cryopreserved spermatozoa motility, viability, membrane integrity, fertilizability, and developmental competence, and reduced spermatozoa ROS production in the presence or absence of DZN + LA. Besides, FAE significantly restored the adverse effects of DZN + LA exposure during cryopreservation on inner cell mass (ICM) count, trophectoderm (TE) cell count, total cell number (TCN), and the ratio between ICM to TCN. In conclusion, FAE on its own resulted in an improvement in the buck spermatozoa's quality and fertility. Therefore, the addition of FAE, as a natural antioxidant to buck semen extender, can increase spermatozoa cryotolerance and post-thaw resistance even when exposed to ECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nushin Naderi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hajian
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Manouchehr Souri
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Nima Tanhaei Vash
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
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Bagherifar S, Sourestani MM, Zolfaghari M, Mottaghipisheh J, Zomborszki ZP, Csupor D. Variation of Chemical Constituents and Antiradical Capacity of Nine
Ferulago angulata
Populations from Iran. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900302. [PMID: 31415713 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soleyman Bagherifar
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of AgricultureShahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Ahvaz 61357-43311 Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahmoodi Sourestani
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of AgricultureShahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Ahvaz 61357-43311 Iran
| | - Maryam Zolfaghari
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of AgricultureShahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Ahvaz 61357-43311 Iran
| | - Javad Mottaghipisheh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Zoltán Péter Zomborszki
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
| | - Dezső Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of PharmacyUniversity of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6 H-6720 Szeged Hungary
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Effects of tocopherol, rosemary essential oil and Ferulago angulata extract on oxidative stability of mayonnaise during its shelf life: A comparative study. Food Chem 2019; 285:46-52. [PMID: 30797371 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of tocopherol, rosemary essential oil and ferulago on oxidative stability of mayonnaise during storage. Their efficacy was also compared with tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) and the control group. During the primary oxidation stage, tocopherol was more efficient than TBHQ, while in the secondary oxidation stage it was the same as other antioxidants. At end of storage, samples with added rosemary essential oil and ferulago extract showed peroxide value (2.29 and 2.80 meq O2/kg oil), anisidine value (11.83 and 12.23), hexanal and heptanal concentration (510.2, 589.9 and 76.6, 75.2 ng/g), respectively, which were meaningfully less than those of the control sample (10.44 meq O2/kg, 18.32, 1339.8 ng/g, and 225.5 ng/g, respectively). Based on the overall results, tocopherol and rosemary essential oil can be recommended as replacement for TBHQ. However, further evaluation needs to be performed on the organoleptic properties of Ferulago extract.
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Oyenihi OR, Krygsman A, Verhoog N, de Beer D, Saayman MJ, Mouton TM, Louw A. Chemoprevention of LA7-Induced Mammary Tumor Growth by SM6Met, a Well-Characterized Cyclopia Extract. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:650. [PMID: 29973879 PMCID: PMC6019492 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Chemoprevention of BC by using plant extracts is gaining attention. SM6Met, a well-characterized extract of Cyclopia subternata with reported selective estrogen receptor subtype activity, has shown tumor suppressive effects in a chemically induced BC model in rats, which is known to be estrogen responsive. However, there is no information on the estrogen sensitivity of the relatively new orthotopic model of LA7 cell-induced mammary tumors. In the present study, the potential chemopreventative and side-effect profile of SM6Met on LA7 cell-induced tumor growth was evaluated, as was the effects of 17β-estradiol and standard-of-care (SOC) endocrine therapies, such as tamoxifen (TAM), letrozole (LET), and fulvestrant (FUL). Tumor growth was observed in the tumor-vehicle control group until day 10 post tumor induction, which declined afterward on days 12-14. SM6Met suppressed tumor growth to the same extent as TAM, while LET, but not FUL, also showed substantial anti-tumor effects. Short-term 17β-estradiol treatment reduced tumor volume on days prior to day 10, whereas tumor promoting effects were observed during long-term treatment, which was especially evident at later time points. Marked elevation in serum markers of liver injury, which was further supported by histological evaluation, was observed in the vehicle-treated tumor control, TAM, LET, and long-term 17β-estradiol treatment groups. Alterations in the lipid profiles were also observed in the 17β-estradiol treatment groups. In contrast, SM6Met did not augment the increase in serum levels of liver injury biomarkers caused by tumor induction and no effect was observed on lipid profiles. In summary, the results from the current study demonstrate the chemopreventative effect of SM6Met on mammary tumor growth, which was comparable to that of TAM, without eliciting the negative side-effects observed with this SOC endocrine therapy. Furthermore, the results of this study also showed some responsiveness of LA7-induced tumors to estrogen and SOC endocrine therapies. Thus, this model may be useful in evaluating potential endocrine therapies for hormone responsive BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omolola R. Oyenihi
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Annadie Krygsman
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Nicolette Verhoog
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Dalene de Beer
- Post-Harvest and Agro-Processing Technologies, Agricultural Research Council of South Africa, Infruitec-Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Department of Food Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Michael J. Saayman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thys M. Mouton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ann Louw
- Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Lorigooini Z, Koravand M, Haddadi H, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Shirmardi HA, Hosseini Z. A review of botany, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Ferulago angulata. TOXIN REV 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2017.1399277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Masomeh Koravand
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hedayat Haddadi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Hamzeh Ali Shirmardi
- Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Zohreh Hosseini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
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Karimian H, Arya A, Fadaeinasab M, Razavi M, Hajrezaei M, Karim Khan A, Mohd Ali H, Abdulla MA, Noordin MI. Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff. activates intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in breast cancer cells associated with S phase cell cycle arrest via involvement of p21/p27 in vitro and in vivo. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2017; 11:337-350. [PMID: 28203057 PMCID: PMC5293364 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s121518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer potential of Kelussia odoratissima. Several in vitro and in vivo biological assays were applied to explore the direct effect of an extract and bioactive compound of this plant against breast cancer cells and its possible mechanism of action. Materials and methods K. odoratissima methanol extract (KME) was prepared, and MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity. To identify the cytotoxic compound, a bioassay-guided investigation was performed on methanol extract. 8-Hydroxy-ar-turmerone was isolated as a bioactive compound. In vivo study was performed in the breast cancer rat model. LA7 cell line was used to induce the breast tumor. Histopathological and expression changes of PCNA, Bcl-2, Bax, p27 and p21 and caspase-3 were examined. The induction of apoptosis was tested using Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) assay. To confirm the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, caspase-7 and caspase-9 assays were utilized. In addition, cell cycle arrest was evaluated. Results Our results demonstrated that K. odoratissima has an obvious effect on the arrest of proliferation of cancer cells. It induced apoptosis, transduced the cell death signals, decreased the threshold of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), upregulated Bax and downregulated Bcl-2. Conclusion This study demonstrated that K. odoratissima exhibits antitumor activity against breast cancer cells via cell death and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Karimian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Aditya Arya
- School of Medicine, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya
| | | | - Mahboubeh Razavi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Maryam Hajrezaei
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Ataul Karim Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
| | | | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Mohamad Ibrahim Noordin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur; Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals (IPharm), Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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