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Islam R, Mishra J, Bodas S, Bhattacharya S, Batra SK, Dutta S, Datta K. Role of Neuropilin-2-mediated signaling axis in cancer progression and therapy resistance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:771-787. [PMID: 35776228 PMCID: PMC9247951 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuropilins (NRPs) are transmembrane proteins involved in vascular and nervous system development by regulating angiogenesis and axon guidance cues. Several published reports have established their role in tumorigenesis. NRPs are detectable in tumor cells of several cancer types and participate in cancer progression. NRP2 is also expressed in endothelial and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment and promotes functions such as lymphangiogenesis and immune suppression important for cancer progression. In this review, we have taken a comprehensive approach to discussing various aspects of NRP2-signaling in cancer, including its regulation, functional significance in cancer progression, and how we could utilize our current knowledge to advance the studies and target NRP2 to develop effective cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridwan Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Juhi Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sanika Bodas
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Sreyashi Bhattacharya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Samikshan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Kaustubh Datta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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Addeo M, Buonaiuto S, Guerriero I, Amendola E, Visconte F, Marino A, De Angelis MT, Russo F, Roberto L, Marotta P, Russo NA, Iervolino A, Amodio F, De Felice M, Lucci V, Falco G. Insight into Nephrocan Function in Mouse Endoderm Patterning. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010008. [PMID: 31861348 PMCID: PMC6981620 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Endoderm-derived organs as liver and pancreas are potential targets for regenerative therapies, and thus, there is great interest in understanding the pathways that regulate the induction and specification of this germ layer. Currently, the knowledge of molecular mechanisms that guide the in vivo endoderm specification is restricted by the lack of early endoderm specific markers. Nephrocan (Nepn) is a gene whose expression characterizes the early stages of murine endoderm specification (E7.5–11.5) and encodes a secreted N-glycosylated protein. In the present study, we report the identification of a new transcript variant that is generated through alternative splicing. The new variant was found to have differential and tissue specific expression in the adult mouse. In order to better understand Nepn role during endoderm specification, we generated Nepn knock-out (KO) mice. Nepn−/− mice were born at Mendelian ratios and displayed no evident phenotype compared to WT mice. In addition, we produced nullizygous mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) line lacking Nepn by applying (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated systems 9 (Cas9) and employed a differentiation protocol toward endoderm lineage. Our in vitro results revealed that Nepn loss affects the endoderm differentiation impairing the expression of posterior foregut-associated markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Addeo
- Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “G. Salvatore”, Biogem s.c.ar.l, Ariano Irpino, 83031 Avellino, Italy; (M.A.); (I.G.); (M.T.D.A.); (F.R.); (L.R.); (N.A.R.); (P.M.); (F.A.); (A.I.)
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (S.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Silvia Buonaiuto
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (S.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Ilaria Guerriero
- Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “G. Salvatore”, Biogem s.c.ar.l, Ariano Irpino, 83031 Avellino, Italy; (M.A.); (I.G.); (M.T.D.A.); (F.R.); (L.R.); (N.A.R.); (P.M.); (F.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Elena Amendola
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (S.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.)
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale “G. Salvatore”, CNR, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | | | - Antonio Marino
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (S.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Maria Teresa De Angelis
- Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “G. Salvatore”, Biogem s.c.ar.l, Ariano Irpino, 83031 Avellino, Italy; (M.A.); (I.G.); (M.T.D.A.); (F.R.); (L.R.); (N.A.R.); (P.M.); (F.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Filomena Russo
- Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “G. Salvatore”, Biogem s.c.ar.l, Ariano Irpino, 83031 Avellino, Italy; (M.A.); (I.G.); (M.T.D.A.); (F.R.); (L.R.); (N.A.R.); (P.M.); (F.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Luca Roberto
- Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “G. Salvatore”, Biogem s.c.ar.l, Ariano Irpino, 83031 Avellino, Italy; (M.A.); (I.G.); (M.T.D.A.); (F.R.); (L.R.); (N.A.R.); (P.M.); (F.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Pina Marotta
- Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “G. Salvatore”, Biogem s.c.ar.l, Ariano Irpino, 83031 Avellino, Italy; (M.A.); (I.G.); (M.T.D.A.); (F.R.); (L.R.); (N.A.R.); (P.M.); (F.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Nicola Antonino Russo
- Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “G. Salvatore”, Biogem s.c.ar.l, Ariano Irpino, 83031 Avellino, Italy; (M.A.); (I.G.); (M.T.D.A.); (F.R.); (L.R.); (N.A.R.); (P.M.); (F.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Anna Iervolino
- Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “G. Salvatore”, Biogem s.c.ar.l, Ariano Irpino, 83031 Avellino, Italy; (M.A.); (I.G.); (M.T.D.A.); (F.R.); (L.R.); (N.A.R.); (P.M.); (F.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Federica Amodio
- Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “G. Salvatore”, Biogem s.c.ar.l, Ariano Irpino, 83031 Avellino, Italy; (M.A.); (I.G.); (M.T.D.A.); (F.R.); (L.R.); (N.A.R.); (P.M.); (F.A.); (A.I.)
| | - Mario De Felice
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale “G. Salvatore”, CNR, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Valeria Lucci
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (S.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.)
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale “G. Salvatore”, CNR, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
- Correspondence: (V.L.); (G.F.); Tel.: +39-081-679083 (V.L.); +39-081-679092 (G.F.)
| | - Geppino Falco
- Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche “G. Salvatore”, Biogem s.c.ar.l, Ariano Irpino, 83031 Avellino, Italy; (M.A.); (I.G.); (M.T.D.A.); (F.R.); (L.R.); (N.A.R.); (P.M.); (F.A.); (A.I.)
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (S.B.); (A.M.); (E.A.)
- Istituto per l’Endocrinologia e l’Oncologia Sperimentale “G. Salvatore”, CNR, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
- Correspondence: (V.L.); (G.F.); Tel.: +39-081-679083 (V.L.); +39-081-679092 (G.F.)
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Wu Q, Li T, Zhu D, Lv F, Qin X. Altered expression of long noncoding RNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with impaired leptomeningeal collaterals after acute anterior large vessel occlusions. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:523. [PMID: 31807505 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.10.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background In the event of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to anterior large vessel occlusion (aLVO), leptomeningeal collaterals (LMCs) status is a key factor to define the severity and functional prognosis of this disease. However, the extent of LMCs exhibits substantial variability among the patients, which is genetic determined. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression profiles in human peripheral blood have been found to be altered after AIS. But whether there are specific lncRNAs correlated with LMC status in aLVO has not yet been investigated. Methods Differential lncRNA expression panels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were assessed by microarray analysis and individual quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in three independent sets consist of 134 patients with aLVO and 73 healthy controls (HCs). LMCs Status in those patients was assessed based on baseline computed tomographic angiography (CTA). Results Microarray analysis showed 23 differentially expressed lncRNAs in patients with poor LMCs status. After independent validations by RT-PCR, lncRNA ENST00000422956 was found to be significantly downregulated in patients with poor LMCs status. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for ENST00000422956 to predict poor LMCs status was 0.749. Moreover, ENST00000422956 expression level and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score were identified as independent predictors for impaired LMCs, and a significantly positive correlation was observed between ENST00000422956 expression level and LMCs status. Via cis-regulatory analysis, paired box 8 (Pax8) was identified as the target gene for ENST00000422956. Conclusions The dysregulated lncRNA ENST00000422956 in PBMCs was associated with impairment of LMCs in patients with aLVO, suggesting that measurement of circulatory lncRNAs might be included as possible biomarkers for evaluation of LMCs status in AIS. More importantly, this might be the foundation for understand the potential roles of lncRNAs in LMCs formation after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qisi Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Fajin Lv
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xinyue Qin
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
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Gurrapu S, Tamagnone L. Semaphorins as Regulators of Phenotypic Plasticity and Functional Reprogramming of Cancer Cells. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:303-314. [PMID: 30824197 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Semaphorins, initially found as neuronal guidance cues in embryo development, are now appreciated as major regulators of tissue morphogenesis and homeostasis, as well as of cancer progression. In fact, semaphorin signals have a profound impact on cell morphology, which has been commonly associated with the ability to regulate monomeric GTPases, cell-substrate adhesion, and cytoskeletal dynamics. Recently, however, several reports have indicated a novel and additional function of diverse semaphorins in the regulation of gene expression and cell phenotype plasticity. In this review article, we discuss these novel findings, focusing on the role of semaphorin signals in the regulation of bi-directional epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, stem cell properties, and drug resistance, which greatly contribute to the pathogenesis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreeharsha Gurrapu
- Cancer Cell Biology Laboratory, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
| | - Luca Tamagnone
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy. .,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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