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Li J, He Y, Qu Y, Ren C, Wang X, Cheng Y, Sun L, Zhang X, Zhang G. Promotion of BST2 expression by the transcription factor IRF6 affects the progression of endometriosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1115504. [PMID: 37143676 PMCID: PMC10151653 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1115504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Endometriosis (EM) is a benign, multifactorial, immune-mediated inflammatory disease that is characterized by persistent activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and some features of malignancies, such as proliferation and lymphangiogenesis. To date, the pathogenesis of EM is still unclear. In this study, we investigated whether BST2 plays a role in the development of EM. Methods Bioinformatic analysis was performed with data from public databases to identify potential candidate targets for drug treatment. Experiments were conducted at the cell, tissue, and mouse EM model levels to characterize the aberrant expression patterns, molecular mechanisms, biological behaviors of endometriosis as well as treatment outcomes. Results BST2 was significantly upregulated in ectopic endometrial tissues and cells compared with control samples. Functional studies indicated that BST2 promoted proliferation, migration, and lymphangiogenesis and inhibited apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. The transcription factor (TF) IRF6 induced high BST2 expression by directly binding the BST2 promoter. The underlying mechanism by which BST2 functions in EM was closely related to the canonical NF-κB signaling pathway. New lymphatic vessels may serve as a channel for the infiltration of immune cells into the endometriotic microenvironment; these immune cells further produce the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β, which in turn further activates the NF-κB pathway to promote lymphangiogenesis in endometriosis. Conclusion Taken together, our findings provide novel insight into the mechanism by which BST2 participates in a feedback loop with the NF-κB signaling pathway and reveal a novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanan He
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanjun Qu
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chengcheng Ren
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Liyuan Sun
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Central Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guangmei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Guangmei Zhang,
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2
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Firatligil-Yildirir B, Bati-Ayaz G, Tahmaz I, Bilgen M, Pesen-Okvur D, Yalcin-Ozuysal O. On-chip determination of tissue-specific metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:3799-3810. [PMID: 34110014 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Metastasis is one of the major obstacles for breast cancer patients. Limitations of current models demand the development of custom platforms to predict metastatic potential and homing choices of cancer cells. Here, two organ-on-chip platforms, invasion/chemotaxis (IC-chip) and extravasation (EX-chip) were used for the quantitative assessment of invasion and extravasation towards specific tissues. Lung, liver and breast microenvironments were simulated in the chips using tissue-specific cells embedded in matrigel. In the IC-chip, invasive MDA-MB-231, but not noninvasive MCF-7 breast cancer cells invaded into lung and liver microenvironments. In the EX-chip, MDA-MB-231 cells extravasated more into the lung compared to the liver and breast microenvironments. In addition, lung-specific MDA-MB-231 clone invaded and extravasated into the lung microenvironment more efficiently than the bone-specific clone. Both invasion/chemotaxis and extravasation results were in agreement with published clinical data. Collectively, our results show that IC-chip and EX-chip, simulating tissue-specific microenvironments, can distinguish different in vivo metastatic phenotypes, in vitro. Determination of tissue-specific metastatic potential of breast cancer cells is expected to improve diagnosis and help select the ideal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gizem Bati-Ayaz
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Graduate Program, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ismail Tahmaz
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Graduate Program, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Muge Bilgen
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Biotechnology and Bioengineering Graduate Program, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Devrim Pesen-Okvur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozden Yalcin-Ozuysal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkey
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3
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Ma X, Wang X, Dong Q, Pang H, Xu J, Shen J, Zhu J. Inhibition of KIF20A by transcription factor IRF6 affects the progression of renal clear cell carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:246. [PMID: 33941190 PMCID: PMC8091794 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, whose incidence is increasing year by year. IRF6 plays an important role in the occurrence of tumors, although there is yet no report on its expression in ccRCC. Methods The expression of IRF6 and KIF20A in ccRCC was predicted by GEPIA and HAP databases. In addition, GEPIA database predicted the relationship between IRF6 and KIF20A expressions and the pathological staging, overall survival, and disease-free survival of ccRCC. The possible binding sites of IRF6 and KIF20A promoters were predicted by JASPAR database and verified by luciferase and ChIP assays. The specific effects of IRF6 on ccRCC cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis were subsequently examined at both cellular level and animal level. Results The database predicted down-regulated IRF6 expression in renal carcinoma tissues and its correlation with poor prognosis. IRF6 overexpression inhibited cRCC cell proliferation, invasion and migration. In addition, up-regulated KIF20A expression in renal carcinoma tissues and its association with prognosis were also predicted. Interference with KIF20A inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of ccRCC cells. Finally, we confirmed that KIF20A is a functional target of IRF6 and can partially reverse the effects of IRF6 on the proliferation, invasion and migration of ccRCC cells. Conclusion: Inhibition of KIF20A by transcription factor IRF6 affects cell proliferation, invasion and migration in renal clear cell carcinoma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01879-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Ma
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Radiology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Lijiang Road, high Tech Zone, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoqi Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, Anhui, China
| | - Qian Dong
- Department of Radiology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Lijiang Road, high Tech Zone, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongquan Pang
- Department of Radiology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Lijiang Road, high Tech Zone, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Radiology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Lijiang Road, high Tech Zone, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junkang Shen
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No.1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jianbing Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.1 Lijiang Road, high Tech Zone, Suzhou, 215153, Jiangsu, China.
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4
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Adak A, Unal YC, Yucel S, Vural Z, Turan FB, Yalcin-Ozuysal O, Ozcivici E, Mese G. Connexin 32 induces pro-tumorigenic features in MCF10A normal breast cells and MDA-MB-231 metastatic breast cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118851. [PMID: 32918981 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Connexins (Cx), the basic subunit of gap junctions, play important roles in cell homeostasis, and their abnormal expression and function are associated with human hereditary diseases and cancers. In tumorigenesis, connexins were observed to have both anti-tumorigenic and pro-tumorigenic roles in a context- and stage-dependent manner. Initially, Cx26 and Cx43 were thought to be the only connexins involved in normal breast homeostasis and breast cancer. Later on, association of Cx32 expression with lymph node metastasis of breast cancer and subsequent demonstration of its expression in normal breast tissue suggested that Cx32 contributes to breast tissue homeostasis. Here, we aimed to determine the effects of Cx32 on normal breast cells, MCF10A, and on breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231. Cx32 overexpression had profound effects on MCF10A cells, decreasing cell proliferation by increasing the doubling time of MCF10A. Furthermore, MCF10A cells acquired mesenchymal-like appearance upon Cx32 expression and had increased migration capacity and expression of both E-cadherin and vimentin. In contrast, Cx32 overexpression altered the EMT markers of MDA-MB-231 by increasing the expression of mesenchymal markers, such as slug and vimentin, and decreasing E-cadherin expression without affecting their proliferation and morphology. Our results indicate, for the first time in the literature, that Cx32 has tumor-promoting roles in MCF10A and MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli Adak
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yagmur Ceren Unal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Simge Yucel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zehra Vural
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Basak Turan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozden Yalcin-Ozuysal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Engin Ozcivici
- Department of Bioengineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Gulistan Mese
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir, Turkey.
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5
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Knott EL, Leidenheimer NJ. A Targeted Bioinformatics Assessment of Adrenocortical Carcinoma Reveals Prognostic Implications of GABA System Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228485. [PMID: 33187258 PMCID: PMC7697095 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare but deadly cancer for which few treatments exist. Here, we have undertaken a targeted bioinformatics study of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ACC dataset focusing on the 30 genes encoding the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system—an under-studied, evolutionarily-conserved system that is an emerging potential player in cancer progression. Our analysis identified a subset of ACC patients whose tumors expressed a distinct GABA system transcriptome. Transcript levels of ABAT (encoding a key GABA shunt enzyme), were upregulated in over 40% of tumors, and this correlated with several favorable clinical outcomes including patient survival; while enrichment and ontology analysis implicated two cancer-related biological pathways involved in metastasis and immune response. The phenotype associated with ABAT upregulation revealed a potential metabolic heterogeneity among ACC tumors associated with enhanced mitochondrial metabolism. Furthermore, many GABAA receptor subunit-encoding transcripts were expressed, including two (GABRB2 and GABRD) prognostic for patient survival. Transcripts encoding GABAB receptor subunits and GABA transporters were also ubiquitously expressed. The GABA system transcriptome of ACC tumors is largely mirrored in the ACC NCI-H295R cell line, suggesting that this cell line may be appropriate for future functional studies investigating the role of the GABA system in ACC cell growth phenotypes and metabolism.
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6
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Oral lichen planus: A chronic inflammatory model to study the regulation of the Toll-like receptor signaling in oral keratinocytes. J Oral Biosci 2020; 62:115-122. [DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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7
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Ilhan M, Kucukkose C, Efe E, Gunyuz ZE, Firatligil B, Dogan H, Ozuysal M, Yalcin-Ozuysal O. Pro-metastatic functions of Notch signaling is mediated by CYR61 in breast cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 99:151070. [PMID: 32005345 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer related deaths, and unfolding the molecular mechanisms underlying metastatic progression is critical for the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Notch is one of the key signaling pathways involved in breast tumorigenesis and metastasis. Notch activation induces pro-metastatic processes such as migration, invasion and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, molecular mediators working downstream of Notch in these processes are not fully elucidated. CYR61 is a secreted protein implicated in metastasis, and its inhibition by a monoclonal antibody suppresses metastasis in xenograft breast tumors, indicating the clinical importance of CYR61 targeting. Here, we aimed to investigate whether CYR61 works downstream of Notch in inducing pro-metastatic phenotypes in breast cells. We showed that CYR61 expression is positively regulated by Notch activity in breast cells. Notch1-induced migration, invasion and anchorage independent growth of a normal breast cell line, MCF10A, were abrogated by CYR61 silencing. Furthermore, upregulation of core EMT markers upon Notch1-activation was impaired in the absence of CYR61. However, reduced migration and invasion of highly metastatic cell line, MDA MB 231, cells upon Notch inhibition was not dependent on CYR61 downregulation. In conclusion, we showed that in normal breast cell line MCF10A, CYR61 is a mediator of Notch1-induced pro-metastatic phenotypes partly via induction of EMT. Our results imply CYR61 as a prominent therapeutic candidate for a subpopulation of breast tumors with high Notch activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ilhan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Cansu Kucukkose
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Eda Efe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zehra Elif Gunyuz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burcu Firatligil
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Hulya Dogan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozuysal
- Department of Computer Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ozden Yalcin-Ozuysal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey.
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8
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Xu HF, Huang TJ, Yang Q, Xu L, Lin F, Lang YH, Hu H, Peng LX, Meng DF, Xie YJ, Tan L, Qian CN, Huang BJ. Candidate tumor suppressor gene IRF6 is involved in human breast cancer pathogenesis via modulating PI3K-regulatory subunit PIK3R2 expression. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:5557-5572. [PMID: 31417306 PMCID: PMC6594015 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s203060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: The tumor-suppressive functions of interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) in some tumors have been preliminarily established, but its pathogenesis and underlying molecular mechanisms in breast cancer, the most common malignancy in women, remains poorly understood. Methods: Pairs of typical breast cancer cell lines (high- and low-aggressive) in addition to 27 breast cancer tissue samples and 31 non-cancerous breast tissues were used to investigate the expression level of IRF6 and Lentivirus-mediated gain-of-function studies, short hairpin RNA-mediated loss-of-function studies in vivo and in vitro were used to validate the role of IRF6 in breast cancer. Next, we performed RNA-Seq analysis to identify the molecular mechanisms of IRF6 involved in breast cancer progression. Results: Our findings showed that IRF6 was downregulated in highly invasive breast cancer cell lines but upregulated in poorly aggressive ones. Functional assays revealed that elevated IRF6 expression could suppress cell proliferation and tumorigenicity, and enhanced cellular chemotherapeutic sensitivity. To identify the molecular mechanisms involved, we performed a genome-wide and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis in breast cancer cells using RNA sequencing of gene expression profiles following the overexpression of IRF6. Genome-wide and KEGG analyses showed that IRF6 might mediate the PI3K-regulatory subunit PIK3R2, which in turn modulated the PI3K/AKT pathway to control breast cancer pathogenesis. Conclusion: We provide the first evidence of the involvement of IRF6 in breast cancer pathogenesis, which was found to modulate the PI3K/AKT pathway via mediating PIK3R2; indicating that IRF6 can be targeted as a potential therapeutic treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fa Xu
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China.,Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Zhuhai 519000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie-Jun Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518035, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Fen Lin
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hong Lang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xia Peng
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Fang Meng
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jie Xie
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Tan
- Center of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510230, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Nan Qian
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Jun Huang
- Department of Experimental Research, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, People's Republic of China
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9
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Li D, Cheng P, Wang J, Qiu X, Zhang X, Xu L, Liu Y, Qin S. IRF6 Is Directly Regulated by ZEB1 and ELF3, and Predicts a Favorable Prognosis in Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2019; 9:220. [PMID: 31019894 PMCID: PMC6458252 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) acts as a tumor suppressor and controls cell differentiation in ectodermal and craniofacial tissues by regulating expression of target genes. However, its function in gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown to date. In this study, we found that the IRF6 expression was significantly downregulated in GC. And the decreased expression of IRF6 was clinically correlated with poor prognosis of GC. Moreover, loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies showed that IRF6 was negatively regulated by ZEB1 but positively regulated by ELF3. Additionally, transcription factor ZEB1 and ELF3 could directly bind on IRF6 promoter, which suggested that transcription factor IRF6 is transcriptionally regulated by ZEB1 and ELF3. Nevertheless, we found that IRF6 expression was negatively related to its promoter methylation in TCGA stomach cancer cohorts. The downregulation of IRF6 in GC might be due to the overexpression of ZEB1 and the DNA methylation of IRF6 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Li
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Shiyan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Jingjie Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xuemei Qiu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Li Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Shiyan, China
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10
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Polymorphisms associated with oral clefts as potential susceptibility markers for oral and breast cancer. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 99:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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11
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Küçükköse C, Yalçin Özuysal Ö. Effects of Notch signalling on the expression of SEMA3C, HMGA2, CXCL14, CXCR7, and CCL20 in breast cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 43:70-76. [PMID: 30930637 PMCID: PMC6426645 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1808-58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is the main reason for death in breast cancer. Understanding the molecular players in metastasis is crucial for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Notch signalling plays an oncogenic role in breast tumorigenesis and is involved in metastasis. Downstream mediators of Notch signalling in prometastatic processes are not yet fully discovered. Here we aimed to investigate whether Notch signalling regulates the expression of SEMA3C, HMGA2, CXCL14, CXCR7, and CCL20, which are involved in prometastatic processes, in breast cell lines. To this end, expression of the selected genes was analysed following Notch activation by overexpression of the Notch1 intracellular domain in the normal breast epithelial cell line MCF10A, and inhibition by silencing of the Notch transcriptional mediator RBPjκ in the breast cancer cell line MDA MB 231. SEMA3C and HMGA2 mRNA were decreased, while CXCL14 and CXCR7 mRNA were increased significantly in response to Notch activation in MCF10A cells. Notch inhibition in MDA MB 231 cells significantly decreased HMGA2 and CCL20 mRNA. Protein levels were not significantly altered by Notch modulation. In conclusion, we showed that Notch signalling regulates expression of SEMA3C, CXCL14, CCL20, CXCR7, and HMGA2, which are prominent candidate genes that might function downstream of Notch to induce prometastatic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Küçükköse
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, İzmir Institute of Technology , İzmir , Turkey
| | - Özden Yalçin Özuysal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, İzmir Institute of Technology , İzmir , Turkey
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12
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Profumo V, Forte B, Percio S, Rotundo F, Doldi V, Ferrari E, Fenderico N, Dugo M, Romagnoli D, Benelli M, Valdagni R, Dolfini D, Zaffaroni N, Gandellini P. LEADeR role of miR-205 host gene as long noncoding RNA in prostate basal cell differentiation. Nat Commun 2019; 10:307. [PMID: 30659180 PMCID: PMC6338800 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08153-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Though miR-205 function has been largely characterized, the nature of its host gene, MIR205HG, is still completely unknown. Here, we show that only lowly expressed alternatively spliced MIR205HG transcripts act as de facto pri-miRNAs, through a process that involves Drosha to prevent unfavorable splicing and directly mediate miR-205 excision. Notably, MIR205HG-specific processed transcripts revealed to be functional per se as nuclear long noncoding RNA capable of regulating differentiation of human prostate basal cells through control of the interferon pathway. At molecular level, MIR205HG directly binds the promoters of its target genes, which have an Alu element in proximity of the Interferon-Regulatory Factor (IRF) binding site, and represses their transcription likely buffering IRF1 activity, with the ultimate effect of preventing luminal differentiation. As MIR205HG functions autonomously from (albeit complementing) miR-205 in preserving the basal identity of prostate epithelial cells, it warrants reannotation as LEADeR (Long Epithelial Alu-interacting Differentiation-related RNA). miR-205 is known to have context-dependent tumor suppressive or oncogenic roles. Here, the authors report the host gene of miR-205, MIR205HG as a nuclear lincRNA that maintains the basal identity of prostate cell and prevents luminal cell differentiation via the repression of interferon responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Profumo
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Barbara Forte
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Stefano Percio
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Federica Rotundo
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Valentina Doldi
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Elena Ferrari
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Nicola Fenderico
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, 3584 CX, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Dugo
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Dario Romagnoli
- Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, 38123, Italy
| | - Matteo Benelli
- Centre for Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, 38123, Italy
| | - Riccardo Valdagni
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy.,Prostate Cancer Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy.,Radiation Oncology 1, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Diletta Dolfini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Nadia Zaffaroni
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Paolo Gandellini
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy.
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13
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ErbB2-driven downregulation of the transcription factor Irf6 in breast epithelial cells is required for their 3D growth. Breast Cancer Res 2018; 20:151. [PMID: 30545388 PMCID: PMC6293553 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-018-1080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The ability of solid tumor cells to resist anoikis, apoptosis triggered by cell detachment from the extracellular matrix (ECM), is thought to be critical for 3D tumor growth. ErbB2/Her2 oncoprotein is often overproduced by breast tumor cells and blocks their anoikis by partially understood mechanisms. In our effort to understand them better, we observed that detachment of nonmalignant human breast epithelial cells from the ECM upregulates the transcription factor Irf6. Irf6 is thought to play an important role in mammary gland homeostasis and causes apoptosis by unknown mechanisms. We noticed that ErbB2, when overproduced by detached breast epithelial cells, downregulates Irf6. Methods To test whether ErbB2 downregulates Irf6 in human ErbB2-positive breast cancer cells, we examined the effect of ErbB2 inhibitors, such as the anti-ErbB2 antibody trastuzumab or the ErbB2/epidermal growth factor receptor small-molecule inhibitor lapatinib, on Irf6 in these cells. Moreover, we performed Irf6 IHC analysis of tumor samples derived from the locally advanced ErbB2-positive breast cancers before and after neoadjuvant trastuzumab-based therapies. To examine the role of Irf6 in anoikis of nonmalignant and ErbB2-overproducing breast epithelial cells, we studied anoikis after knocking down Irf6 in the former cells by RNA interference and after overproducing Irf6 in the latter cells. To examine the mechanisms by which cell detachment and ErbB2 control Irf6 expression in breast epithelial cells, we tested the effects of genetic and pharmacological inhibitors of the known ErbB2-dependent signaling pathways on Irf6 in these cells. Results We observed that trastuzumab and lapatinib upregulate Irf6 in ErbB2-positive human breast tumor cells and that neoadjuvant trastuzumab-based therapies tend to upregulate Irf6 in human breast tumors. We found that detachment-induced Irf6 upregulation in nonmalignant breast epithelial cells requires the presence of the transcription factor ∆Np63α and that Irf6 mediates their anoikis. We showed that ErbB2 blocks Irf6 upregulation in ErbB2-overproducing cells by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinases that inhibit ∆Np63α-dependent signals required for Irf6 upregulation. Finally, we demonstrated that ErbB2-driven Irf6 downregulation in ErbB2-overproducing breast epithelial cells blocks their anoikis and promotes their anchorage-independent growth. Conclusions We have demonstrated that ErbB2 blocks anoikis of breast epithelial cells by downregulating Irf6. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-018-1080-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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14
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Herviou L, Kassambara A, Boireau S, Robert N, Requirand G, Müller-Tidow C, Vincent L, Seckinger A, Goldschmidt H, Cartron G, Hose D, Cavalli G, Moreaux J. PRC2 targeting is a therapeutic strategy for EZ score defined high-risk multiple myeloma patients and overcome resistance to IMiDs. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:121. [PMID: 30285865 PMCID: PMC6171329 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell disease with a poor survival, characterized by the accumulation of myeloma cells (MMCs) within the bone marrow. Epigenetic modifications in MM are associated not only with cancer development and progression, but also with drug resistance. METHODS We identified a significant upregulation of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) core genes in MM cells in association with proliferation. We used EPZ-6438, a specific small molecule inhibitor of EZH2 methyltransferase activity, to evaluate its effects on MM cells phenotype and gene expression prolile. RESULTS PRC2 targeting results in growth inhibition due to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis together with polycomb, DNA methylation, TP53, and RB1 target genes induction. Resistance to EZH2 inhibitor is mediated by DNA methylation of PRC2 target genes. We also demonstrate a synergistic effect of EPZ-6438 and lenalidomide, a conventional drug used for MM treatment, activating B cell transcription factors and tumor suppressor gene expression in concert with MYC repression. We establish a gene expression-based EZ score allowing to identify poor prognosis patients that could benefit from EZH2 inhibitor treatment. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that PRC2 targeting in association with IMiDs could have a therapeutic interest in MM patients characterized by high EZ score values, reactivating B cell transcription factors, and tumor suppressor genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alboukadel Kassambara
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IGH, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphanie Boireau
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IGH, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Robert
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IGH, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Guilhem Requirand
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- IGH, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laure Vincent
- Department of Clinical Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anja Seckinger
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Goldschmidt
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guillaume Cartron
- UFR de Médecine, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Department of Clinical Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- UMR CNRS 5235, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Dirk Hose
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik V, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Jerome Moreaux
- Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- IGH, CNRS, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- UFR de Médecine, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
- Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Department of Biological Hematology, Hôpital Saint-Eloi-CHRU de Montpellier, 80, av. Augustin Fliche, 34295, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France.
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15
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Grenier JK, Foureman PA, Sloma EA, Miller AD. RNA-seq transcriptome analysis of formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded canine meningioma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187150. [PMID: 29073243 PMCID: PMC5658167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas are the most commonly reported primary intracranial tumor in dogs and humans and between the two species there are similarities in histology and biologic behavior. Due to these similarities, dogs have been proposed as models for meningioma pathobiology. However, little is known about specific pathways and individual genes that are involved in the development and progression of canine meningioma. In addition, studies are lacking that utilize RNAseq to characterize gene expression in clinical cases of canine meningioma. The primary objective of this study was to develop a technique for which high quality RNA can be extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissue and then used for transcriptome analysis to determine patterns of gene expression. RNA was extracted from thirteen canine meningiomas-eleven from formalin fixed and two flash-frozen. These represented six grade I and seven grade II meningiomas based on the World Health Organization classification system for human meningioma. RNA was also extracted from fresh frozen leptomeninges from three control dogs for comparison. RNAseq libraries made from formalin fixed tissue were of sufficient quality to successfully identify 125 significantly differentially expressed genes, the majority of which were related to oncogenic processes. Twelve genes (AQP1, BMPER, FBLN2, FRZB, MEDAG, MYC, PAMR1, PDGFRL, PDPN, PECAM1, PERP, ZC2HC1C) were validated using qPCR. Among the differentially expressed genes were oncogenes, tumor suppressors, transcription factors, VEGF-related genes, and members of the WNT pathway. Our work demonstrates that RNA of sufficient quality can be extracted from FFPE canine meningioma samples to provide biologically relevant transcriptome analyses using a next-generation sequencing technique, such as RNA-seq.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K. Grenier
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Polly A. Foureman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Division of Biological Sciences, Chandler-Gilbert Community College, Chandler, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Erica A. Sloma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrew D. Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
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16
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The Transcription Factor IRF6 Co-Represses PPARγ-Mediated Cytoprotection in Ischemic Cerebrovascular Endothelial Cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2150. [PMID: 28526834 PMCID: PMC5438409 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02095-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in the cerebrovascular endothelium is a key suppressor of post-stroke brain damage. However, the role of PPARγ’s co-regulators during cerebral ischemia remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the transcription factor IRF6 is a novel PPARγ co-regulator that directly binds to and suppresses PPARγ activity in murine cerebrovascular endothelial cells. Moreover, IRF6 was also revealed to be a transcriptional target of PPARγ suppression, with PPARγ silencing significantly promoting IRF6 expression in cerebrovascular endothelial cells. In addition, IRF6 silencing significantly promoted pioglitazone’s cytoprotective effects in ischemic murine cerebrovascular endothelial cells. Mechanistically, IRF6 significantly suppressed PPARγ’s transcriptional inhibition of the ischemia-induced, pro-apoptotic microRNA miR-106a. In conclusion, we identified IRF6 as a novel PPARγ co-suppressor that serves a key role in suppressing PPARγ-mediated cerebrovascular endothelial cytoprotection following ischemia. Further investigation into IRF6 and other PPARγ co-regulators should provide additional insights into PPARγ’s cytoprotective role in the cerebrovascular endothelium following stroke.
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