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Schultzhaus J, Hervey J, Fears K, Spillmann C. Proteomic comparison of the organic matrices from parietal and base plates of the acorn barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite. Open Biol 2024; 14:230246. [PMID: 38806147 PMCID: PMC11293433 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Acorn barnacles are efficient colonizers on a wide variety of marine surfaces. As they proliferate on critical infrastructure, their settlement and growth have deleterious effects on performance. To address acorn barnacle biofouling, research has focused on the settlement and adhesion processes with the goal of informing the development of novel coatings. This effort has resulted in the discovery and characterization of several proteins found at the adhesive substrate interface, i.e. cement proteins, and a deepened understanding of the function and composition of the biomaterials within this region. While the adhesive properties at the interface are affected by the interaction between the proteins, substrate and mechanics of the calcified base plate, little attention has been given to the interaction between the proteins and the cuticular material present at the substrate interface. Here, the proteome of the organic matrix isolated from the base plate of the acorn barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite is compared with the chitinous and proteinaceous matrix embedded within A. amphitrite parietal plates. The objective was to gain an understanding of how the basal organic matrix may be specialized for adhesion via an in-depth comparative proteome analysis. In general, the majority of proteins identified in the parietal matrix were also found in the basal organic matrix, including nearly all those grouped in classes of cement proteins, enzymes and pheromones. However, the parietal organic matrix was enriched with cuticle-associated proteins, of which ca 30% of those identified were unique to the parietal region. In contrast, ca 30-40% of the protease inhibitors, enzymes and pheromones identified in the basal organic matrix were unique to this region. Not unexpectedly, nearly 50% of the cement proteins identified in the basal region were significantly distinct from those found in the parietal region. The wider variety of identified proteins in the basal organic matrix indicates a greater diversity of biological function in the vicinity of the substrate interface where several processes related to adhesion, cuticle formation and expansion of the base synchronize to play a key role in organism survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna Schultzhaus
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Judson Hervey
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kenan Fears
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Christopher Spillmann
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
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Han Z, Wang Z, Rittschof D, Huang Z, Chen L, Hao H, Yao S, Su P, Huang M, Zhang YY, Ke C, Feng D. New genes helped acorn barnacles adapt to a sessile lifestyle. Nat Genet 2024; 56:970-981. [PMID: 38654131 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Barnacles are the only sessile lineages among crustaceans, and their sessile life begins with the settlement of swimming larvae (cyprids) and the formation of protective shells. These processes are crucial for adaptation to a sessile lifestyle, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. While investigating these mechanisms in the acorn barnacle, Amphibalanus amphitrite, we discovered a new gene, bcs-6, which is involved in the energy metabolism of cyprid settlement and originated from a transposon by acquiring the promoter and cis-regulatory element. Unlike mollusks, the barnacle shell comprises alternate layers of chitin and calcite and requires another new gene, bsf, which generates silk-like fibers that efficiently bind chitin and aggregate calcite in the aquatic environment. Our findings highlight the importance of exploring new genes in unique adaptative scenarios, and the results will provide important insights into gene origin and material development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaofang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Daniel Rittschof
- Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC, USA
| | - Zekun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Liying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huanhuan Hao
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shanshan Yao
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Pei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Miaoqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuan-Ye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Caihuan Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Danqing Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Breeding, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
- State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Marine Bioproducts and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Liu C, Zhang W, Dong Q, Liu H. Exoskeleton protein repertoires in decapod crustaceans revealed distinct biomineralization evolution with molluscs. J Proteomics 2024; 291:105046. [PMID: 37981007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.105046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Crustaceans are the champions of mineral mobilization and deposition in the animal kingdom due to their unique ability to rapidly and periodically mineralize and demineralize their exoskeletons. They are commonly covered with mineralized exoskeletons for protection and regularly molt throughout their lives. Mineralized crustacean exoskeletons are formed under the control of macromolecules especially matrix proteins but the types of matrix proteins are understudied compared to those in molluscan shells. This gap hinders our understanding of their evolutionary paths compared with those of molluscs. Here, we comprehensively analyzed matrix proteins in the exoskeleton of two crabs, one shrimp, and one crayfish and resulted in a major improvement (∼10-fold) in the identification of biomineralization proteins compared to conventional methods for decapod crustaceans. By a comparison with well-studied molluscan biomineralization proteins, we found that decapod crustaceans evolved novel proteins to form mineralized exoskeletons while sharing some proteins with those of molluscs. Our study sheds light on their evolution and adaption to different environment for exoskeleton formation and provides a foundation for further studies of mineralization in crustaceans under normal and climate-changed conditions. SIGNIFICANCE: Most crustaceans have mineralized exoskeletons as protection. How they form these hierarchical structures is still unclear. This is due partially to the understudied matrix proteins in the minerals. This study filled such a gap by using proteomic analysis of matrix proteins from four decapod crustacean exoskeletons. Many novel proteins were discovered which enabled a solid comparison with those of molluscs. By comparison, we proposed that crustaceans evolved novel proteins to form mineralized exoskeletons while sharing some proteins with those of molluscs. This is useful for us to understand the evolution of two major biomineralized phylum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Liu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China.
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Qianli Dong
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
| | - Haipeng Liu
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
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Yuan J, Zhang X, Li S, Liu C, Yu Y, Zhang X, Xiang J, Li F. Convergent evolution of barnacles and molluscs sheds lights in origin and diversification of calcareous shell and sessile lifestyle. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20221535. [PMID: 36100022 PMCID: PMC9470267 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The calcareous shell and sessile lifestyle are the representative phenotypes of many molluscs, which happen to be present in barnacles, a group of unique crustaceans. The origin of these phenotypes is unclear, but it may be embodied in the convergent genetics of such distant groups (interphylum). Herein, we perform comprehensive comparative genomics analysis in barnacles and molluscs, and reveal a genome-wide strong convergent molecular evolution between them, including coexpansion of biomineralization and organic matrix genes for shell formation, and origination of lineage-specific orphan genes for settlement. Notably, the expanded biomineralization gene encoding alkaline phosphatase evolves a novel, highly conserved motif that may trigger the origin of barnacle shell formation. Unlike molluscs, barnacles adopt novel organic matrices and cement proteins for shell formation and settlement, respectively, and their calcareous shells have potentially originated from the cuticle system of crustaceans. Therefore, our study corroborates the idea that selection pressures driving convergent evolution may strongly act in organisms inhabiting similar environments regardless of phylogenetic distance. The convergence signatures shed light on the origin of the shell and sessile lifestyle of barnacles and molluscs. In addition, notable non-convergence signatures are also present and may contribute to morphological and functional specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Yuan
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihao Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhang Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhai Xiang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuhua Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
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Liu C, Zhang R. Biomineral proteomics: A tool for multiple disciplinary studies. J Proteomics 2021; 238:104171. [PMID: 33652138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The hard tissues of animals, such as skeletons and teeth, are constructed by a biologically controlled process called biomineralization. In invertebrate animals, biominerals are considered important for their evolutionary success. These biominerals are hieratical biocomposites with excellent mechanical properties, and their formation has intrigued researchers for decades. Although proteins account for ~5 wt% of biominerals, they are critical players in biomineralization. With the development of high-throughput analysis methods, such as proteomics, biomineral protein data are rapidly accumulating, thus necessitating a refined model for biomineralization. This review focuses on biomineral proteomics in invertebrate animals to highlight the diversity of biomineral proteins (generally 40-80 proteins), and the results indicate that biomineralization includes thermodynamic crystal growth as well as intense extracellular matrix activity and/or vesicle transport. Biominerals have multiple functions linked to biological immunity and antipathogen activity. A comparison of proteomes across species and biomineral types showed that von Willebrand factor type A and epidermal growth factor, which frequently couple with other extracellular domains, are the most common domains. Combined with species-specific repetitive low complexity domains, shell matrix proteins can be employed to predict biomineral types. Furthermore, this review discusses the applications of biomineral proteomics in diverse fields, such as tissue regeneration, developmental biology, archeology, environmental science, and material science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Liu
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Xikang Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China.
| | - Rongqing Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Enzymology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, 705 Yatai Road, Jiaxing 314006, PR China; College of Biological, Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
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6
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Davey PA, Power AM, Santos R, Bertemes P, Ladurner P, Palmowski P, Clarke J, Flammang P, Lengerer B, Hennebert E, Rothbächer U, Pjeta R, Wunderer J, Zurovec M, Aldred N. Omics-based molecular analyses of adhesion by aquatic invertebrates. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:1051-1075. [PMID: 33594824 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Many aquatic invertebrates are associated with surfaces, using adhesives to attach to the substratum for locomotion, prey capture, reproduction, building or defence. Their intriguing and sophisticated biological glues have been the focus of study for decades. In all but a couple of specific taxa, however, the precise mechanisms by which the bioadhesives stick to surfaces underwater and (in many cases) harden have proved to be elusive. Since the bulk components are known to be based on proteins in most organisms, the opportunities provided by advancing 'omics technologies have revolutionised bioadhesion research. Time-consuming isolation and analysis of single molecules has been either replaced or augmented by the generation of massive data sets that describe the organism's translated genes and proteins. While these new approaches have provided resources and opportunities that have enabled physiological insights and taxonomic comparisons that were not previously possible, they do not provide the complete picture and continued multi-disciplinarity is essential. This review covers the various ways in which 'omics have contributed to our understanding of adhesion by aquatic invertebrates, with new data to illustrate key points. The associated challenges are highlighted and priorities are suggested for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Davey
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Anne Marie Power
- Ryan Institute, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Room 226, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Romana Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente (MARE), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Philip Bertemes
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Peter Ladurner
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Pawel Palmowski
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Jessica Clarke
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Patrick Flammang
- Biology of Marine Organisms and Biomimetics Unit, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du Parc 23, Mons, 7000, Belgium
| | - Birgit Lengerer
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Elise Hennebert
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du Parc 23, Mons, 7000, Belgium
| | - Ute Rothbächer
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Robert Pjeta
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Julia Wunderer
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstrasse 25, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Michal Zurovec
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Nick Aldred
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, U.K
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Schultzhaus JN, Dean SN, Leary DH, Hervey WJ, Fears KP, Wahl KJ, Spillmann CM. Pressure cycling technology for challenging proteomic sample processing: application to barnacle adhesive. Integr Biol (Camb) 2019; 11:235-247. [DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyz020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSuccessful proteomic characterization of biological material depends on the development of robust sample processing methods. The acorn barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite is a biofouling model for adhesive processes, but the identification of causative proteins involved has been hindered by their insoluble nature. Although effective, existing sample processing methods are labor and time intensive, slowing progress in this field. Here, a more efficient sample processing method is described which exploits pressure cycling technology (PCT) in combination with protein solvents. PCT aids in protein extraction and digestion for proteomics analysis. Barnacle adhesive proteins can be extracted and digested in the same tube using PCT, minimizing sample loss, increasing throughput to 16 concurrently processed samples, and decreasing sample processing time to under 8 hours. PCT methods produced similar proteomes in comparison to previous methods. Two solvents which were ineffective at extracting proteins from the adhesive at ambient pressure (urea and methanol) produced more protein identifications under pressure than highly polar hexafluoroisopropanol, leading to the identification and description of >40 novel proteins at the interface. Some of these have homology to proteins with elastomeric properties or domains involved with protein-protein interactions, while many have no sequence similarity to proteins in publicly available databases, highlighting the unique adherent processes evolved by barnacles. The methods described here can not only be used to further characterize barnacle adhesive to combat fouling, but may also be applied to other recalcitrant biological samples, including aggregative or fibrillar protein matrices produced during disease, where a lack of efficient sample processing methods has impeded advancement. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD012730.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna N Schultzhaus
- National Research Council Research Associateship Programs Fellow, Washington, D.C., USA
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Scott N Dean
- National Research Council Research Associateship Programs Fellow, Washington, D.C., USA
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Dagmar H Leary
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - W Judson Hervey
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Kenan P Fears
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Kathryn J Wahl
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Christopher M Spillmann
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science & Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., USA
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Foulon V, Boudry P, Artigaud S, Guérard F, Hellio C. In Silico Analysis of Pacific Oyster ( Crassostrea gigas) Transcriptome over Developmental Stages Reveals Candidate Genes for Larval Settlement. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E197. [PMID: 30625986 PMCID: PMC6337334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Following their planktonic phase, the larvae of benthic marine organisms must locate a suitable habitat to settle and metamorphose. For oysters, larval adhesion occurs at the pediveliger stage with the secretion of a proteinaceous bioadhesive produced by the foot, a specialized and ephemeral organ. Oyster bioadhesive is highly resistant to proteomic extraction and is only produced in very low quantities, which explains why it has been very little examined in larvae to date. In silico analysis of nucleic acid databases could help to identify genes of interest implicated in settlement. In this work, the publicly available transcriptome of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas over its developmental stages was mined to select genes highly expressed at the pediveliger stage. Our analysis revealed 59 sequences potentially implicated in adhesion of C. gigas larvae. Some related proteins contain conserved domains already described in other bioadhesives. We propose a hypothetic composition of C. gigas bioadhesive in which the protein constituent is probably composed of collagen and the von Willebrand Factor domain could play a role in adhesive cohesion. Genes coding for enzymes implicated in DOPA chemistry were also detected, indicating that this modification is also potentially present in the adhesive of pediveliger larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Foulon
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopole Brest-Iroise, Rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France.
| | - Pierre Boudry
- Ifremer, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Centre Bretagne, 29280 Plouzané, France.
| | - Sébastien Artigaud
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopole Brest-Iroise, Rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France.
| | - Fabienne Guérard
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopole Brest-Iroise, Rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France.
| | - Claire Hellio
- Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR), UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer, Technopole Brest-Iroise, Rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzané, France.
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9
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Wang C, Schultzhaus JN, Taitt CR, Leary DH, Shriver-Lake LC, Snellings D, Sturiale S, North SH, Orihuela B, Rittschof D, Wahl KJ, Spillmann CM. Characterization of longitudinal canal tissue in the acorn barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208352. [PMID: 30532169 PMCID: PMC6287898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The morphology and composition of tissue located within parietal shell canals of the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite are described. Longitudinal canal tissue nearly spans the length of side shell plates, terminating near the leading edge of the specimen basis in proximity to female reproductive tissue located throughout the peripheral sub-mantle region, i.e. mantle parenchyma. Microscopic examination of stained longitudinal canal sections reveal the presence of cell nuclei as well as an abundance of micron-sized spheroids staining positive for basic residues and lipids. Spheroids with the same staining profile are present extensively in ovarioles, particularly within oocytes which are readily identifiable at various developmental stages. Mass spectrometry analysis of longitudinal canal tissue compared to tissue collected from the mantle parenchyma reveals a nearly 50% overlap of the protein profile with the greatest number of sequence matches to vitellogenin, a glycolipoprotein playing a key role in vitellogenesis–yolk formation in developing oocytes. The morphological similarity and proximity to female reproductive tissue, combined with mass spectrometry of the two tissues, provides compelling evidence that one of several possible functions of longitudinal canal tissue is supporting the female reproductive system of A. amphitrite, thus expanding the understanding of the growth and development of this sessile marine organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyue Wang
- National Research Council Research Associateship Program, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Janna N. Schultzhaus
- National Research Council Research Associateship Program, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Chris R. Taitt
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Dagmar H. Leary
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Lisa C. Shriver-Lake
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Daniel Snellings
- Naval Research Enterprise Internship Program, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Samantha Sturiale
- Naval Research Enterprise Internship Program, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Stella H. North
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Beatriz Orihuela
- Duke University Marine Laboratory, Beaufort, N.C., United States of America
| | - Daniel Rittschof
- Duke University Marine Laboratory, Beaufort, N.C., United States of America
| | - Kathryn J. Wahl
- Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America
| | - Christopher M. Spillmann
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C., United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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Zhang X, Dai X, Wang L, Miao Y, Xu P, Liang P, Dong B, Bao Z, Wang S, Lyu Q, Liu W. Characterization of an Atypical Metalloproteinase Inhibitors Like Protein (Sbp8-1) From Scallop Byssus. Front Physiol 2018; 9:597. [PMID: 29875695 PMCID: PMC5975577 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhesion is a vital physiological process for many marine molluscs, including the mussel and scallop, and therefore it is important to characterize the proteins involved in these adhesives. Although several mussel byssal proteins were identified and characterized, the study for scallop byssal proteins remains scarce. Our previous study identified two foot-specific proteins (Sbp7, Sbp8-1), which were annotated as the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Evolutionary analysis suggests that the TIMP genes of Chlamys farreri had gone through multiple gene duplications during evolution, and their potential functional roles in foot may have an ancient evolutionary origin. Focusing on the Sbp8-1, the sequence alignment and biochemical analyses suggest that Sbp8-1 is an atypical TIMP. One significant feature is the presence of two extra free Cys residues at its C-terminus, which causes the Sbp8-1 polymerization. Considering the fact that the no inhibitory activity was observed and it is mainly distributed in byssal thread and plaque, we proposed that this atypical Sbp8-1 may play as the cross-linker in scallop byssus. This study facilitates not only the understanding of scallop byssus assembly, also provides the inspiration of water-resistant materials design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoting Dai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Miao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Pingping Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Pengyu Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Bo Dong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Shi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Qianqian Lyu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Weizhi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
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11
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So CR, Fears KP, Leary DH, Scancella JM, Wang Z, Liu JL, Orihuela B, Rittschof D, Spillmann CM, Wahl KJ. Sequence basis of Barnacle Cement Nanostructure is Defined by Proteins with Silk Homology. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36219. [PMID: 27824121 PMCID: PMC5099703 DOI: 10.1038/srep36219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Barnacles adhere by producing a mixture of cement proteins (CPs) that organize into a permanently bonded layer displayed as nanoscale fibers. These cement proteins share no homology with any other marine adhesives, and a common sequence-basis that defines how nanostructures function as adhesives remains undiscovered. Here we demonstrate that a significant unidentified portion of acorn barnacle cement is comprised of low complexity proteins; they are organized into repetitive sequence blocks and found to maintain homology to silk motifs. Proteomic analysis of aggregate bands from PAGE gels reveal an abundance of Gly/Ala/Ser/Thr repeats exemplified by a prominent, previously unidentified, 43 kDa protein in the solubilized adhesive. Low complexity regions found throughout the cement proteome, as well as multiple lysyl oxidases and peroxidases, establish homology with silk-associated materials such as fibroin, silk gum sericin, and pyriform spidroins from spider silk. Distinct primary structures defined by homologous domains shed light on how barnacles use low complexity in nanofibers to enable adhesion, and serves as a starting point for unraveling the molecular architecture of a robust and unique class of adhesive nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R So
- Chemistry Division, Code 6176, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave, SW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kenan P Fears
- Chemistry Division, Code 6176, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave, SW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dagmar H Leary
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave, SW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jenifer M Scancella
- Chemistry Division, Code 6176, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave, SW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zheng Wang
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave, SW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jinny L Liu
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave, SW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Beatriz Orihuela
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University Marine Laboratory, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd, Beaufort, NC, USA
| | - Dan Rittschof
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences, Duke University Marine Laboratory, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd, Beaufort, NC, USA
| | - Christopher M Spillmann
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Code 6900, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave, SW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kathryn J Wahl
- Chemistry Division, Code 6176, US Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave, SW, Washington, DC, USA
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12
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Organic matrices in metazoan calcium carbonate skeletons: Composition, functions, evolution. J Struct Biol 2016; 196:98-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Secretory locations of SIPC in Amphibalanus amphitrite cyprids and a novel function of SIPC in biomineralization. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29376. [PMID: 27435340 PMCID: PMC4951644 DOI: 10.1038/srep29376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Settlement-inducing protein complex (SIPC) is a pheromone that triggers conspecific larval settlement in the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite. In the present study, immunostaining and scanning electron microscopy of SIPC revealed signals in the frontal horn pores and the secretions from carapace pores, suggesting that SIPC might be directly secreted from these organs in A. amphitrite cyprids. Further observations showed that the frontal horn pores could contact surfaces while cyprids were "walking". Immunostaining for SIPC on the contacted surfaces displayed SIPC signals. These signals were similar to the frontal horn pores in size and morphology, suggesting that frontal horn pores might deposit SIPC. Besides, full-length SIPC was expressed and subsequent assays indicated that recombinant SIPC was able to bind to chitins and induce the precipitation of CaCO3. Furthermore, recombinant SIPC inhibited the formation of vaterites and regulated the morphology of calcite crystals. The crystals that formed with recombinant SIPC were more stable against water erosion. Overall, these results reported a novel function of recombinant SIPC that regulates crystal formation in barnacle shells.
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14
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Zhang G, Yan GY, Yang XX, Wong YH, Sun J, Zhang Y, He LS, Xu Y, Qian PY. Characterization of Arginine Kinase in the Barnacle Amphibalanus Amphitrite and Its Role in the Larval Settlement. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2016; 326:237-49. [PMID: 27245369 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Energy metabolism is a key process in larval settlement of barnacles, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain ambiguous. Arginine kinase (AK) mainly participates in energy metabolism in invertebrates. So far, its roles in barnacles have not been studied. In the present study, we raised an antibody against AK from Amphibalanus amphitrite Darwin to characterize the roles of AK in the larval settlement process. Among the developmental stages, AK was highly expressed during the cypris stage. Along with the aging process in cyprids, the level of AK decreased. The immunostaining results showed that AK was localized to muscular tissues in cyprids, including antennules, antennular muscles, and thoracic limbs. The larval settlement rate decreased and larval movement was inhibited in response to treatments with high concentrations of AK inhibitors (rutin and quercetin). These results demonstrated that AK was involved in the larval settlement of A. amphitrite through mediating energy supply in muscle tissues. Moreover, further analysis indicated that both the p38 MAPK and NO/cGMP pathways positively mediated the expression of AK in cyprids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Zhang
- Environmental Science Programs and Division of Life Science, School of Science, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Yong Yan
- Sanya Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Xue Yang
- Environmental Science Programs and Division of Life Science, School of Science, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Him Wong
- Environmental Science Programs and Division of Life Science, School of Science, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jin Sun
- Environmental Science Programs and Division of Life Science, School of Science, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Li-Sheng He
- Sanya Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Ying Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresource and Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Yuan Qian
- Environmental Science Programs and Division of Life Science, School of Science, the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
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15
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De Gregorio BT, Stroud RM, Burden DK, Fears KP, Everett RK, Wahl KJ. Shell Structure and Growth in the Base Plate of the Barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2015; 1:1085-1095. [PMID: 33429550 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The base plate of the acorn barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite (equivalent to Balanus amphitrite) is composed of hierarchically scaled, mutually aligned calcite grains, adhered to the substratum via layered cuticular tissue and protein. Acorn barnacles grow by expanding and lengthening their side plates, under which the cuticle is stretched, and adhesive proteins are secreted. In barnacles with mineralized base plates, such as A. amphitrite, a mineralization front follows behind, radially expanding the base plate at the periphery. In this study, we show that the new mineralization develops above the adhesion layers in a unique trilayered structure. Calcite crystallites in each of the layers have distinct sizes, varying from coarse-grained (>1 μm across) in the upper layer, to fine-grained (∼1 μm) in the middle layer, to nanoparticulate (∼40 nm) in the basal layer. The fine-grained crystallites dominate the growth front, comprising the bulk of the shell at the periphery, with later coarse grain development on the top of the base plate (toward the barnacle interior) and nanocrystalline calcite templating underneath in contact with the cuticle/protein layer. While the coarse-grained calcite on the upper surface contains a range of crystal orientations, the underlying fine-grained and nanocrystalline calcite are mutually oriented to within a few degrees of each other. Electron diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirm that all of the crystallites are calcite, and metastable aragonite or amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) phases are not observed. The complex morphology of the leading edge of the base plate suggests that crystallization initiates with the emplacement of mutually aligned fine-grained calcite, followed by the accumulation of coarser grains above and nucleation of highly oriented nanocrystalline grains below.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley T De Gregorio
- Nova Research Inc., 1900 Elkin Street, Suite 230, Alexandria, Virginia 22308, United States.,Materials Science and Technology Division, Code 6366, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Rhonda M Stroud
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Code 6366, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Daniel K Burden
- Chemistry Division, Code 6176, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Kenan P Fears
- Chemistry Division, Code 6176, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Richard K Everett
- Materials Science and Technology Division, Code 6366, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Engineering 225-D, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, United States
| | - Kathryn J Wahl
- Chemistry Division, Code 6176, Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20375, United States
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