1
|
Li X, Cai X, Ding S, Wang L, Li W, Liu X, Zhang C, Yang D. Phylogeny and Evolutionary Timescale of Muscidae (Diptera: Calyptratae) Inferred from Mitochondrial Genomes. INSECTS 2023; 14:286. [PMID: 36975971 PMCID: PMC10059281 DOI: 10.3390/insects14030286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
House flies (Muscidae) comprise the most species-rich family of the muscoid grade with over 5000 described species worldwide, and they are abundant in various terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The high number of species, varied appearances, complex feeding habits, and wide distributions have hindered researchers from understanding their phylogeny and evolutionary history. Here, we newly sequenced fifteen mitochondrial genomes and reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships and divergence time among eight subfamilies of Muscidae (Diptera). The best phylogenetic tree, which was inferred by IQ-Tree, recovered the monophyly for seven out of eight subfamilies (except for Mydaeinae). Based on phylogenetic analyses and morphological characteristics, we prefer the subfamily status of Azeliinae and Reinwardtiinae, and separate Stomoxyinae from Muscinae. Genus Helina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 was synonymized with Phaonia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830. The divergence time estimation indicated Muscidae originated at 51.59 Ma (early Eocene). Most subfamilies had originated around 41 Ma. We provided a mtgenomic viewpoint on the phylogenetic relationships and divergence time estimation of Muscidae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaodong Cai
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuangmei Ding
- The Institute of Scientific and Technical Research on Archives, National Archives Administration of China, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenliang Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chuntian Zhang
- College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Ding Yang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao Y, Ge Y, Yan L, Vikhrev NE, Wang Q, Butterworth NJ, Zhang D. Phylogenetic Analyses Support the Monophyly of the Genus Lispe Latreille (Diptera: Muscidae) with Insights into Intrageneric Relationships. INSECTS 2022; 13:1015. [PMID: 36354839 PMCID: PMC9697789 DOI: 10.3390/insects13111015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lispe Latreille (Diptera: Muscidae) are a widespread group of predatory flies that inhabit semi-aquatic environments. Previous studies on this genus have mainly focused on morphological classification, so molecular data are entirely lacking, and there has been no attempt at a phylogenetic placement of the genus or the resolution of intragenic relationships. To address the phylogenetic placement of Lispe and to fill its gap in the Tree of Life Web Project, 58 Lispe spp. (covering 11 out of 13 acknowledged Lispe species groups) were selected to reconstruct a phylogeny using Maximum likelihood (ML) estimates, Maximum Parsimony (MP) analyses, and Bayesian inference (BI) based on two mitochondrial protein-coding genes (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COXI) and cytochrome b gene (CYTB)) and one nuclear gene (a fragment of the carbamoyl phosphate synthetase region of the CAD gene). The phylogenetic analyses indicated that the monophyletic Lispe is the sister group of the monophyletic Limnophora, together forming the tribe Limnophorini under the subfamily Coenosiinae. Three generic categories are proven obsolete: Chaetolispa Malloch, Lispacoenosia Snyder, and Xenolispa Malloch. Within the genus, the validity of 11 species groups is clarified by both molecular and morphological data. This study provides a sound basis for continuing intergeneric and intrageneric research into this fascinating and widespread genus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Gao
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yingqiang Ge
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liping Yan
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Nikita E. Vikhrev
- Zoological Museum of Moscow University, Bolshaya Nikitskaya 6, Moscow 125009, Russia
| | - Qike Wang
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - Dong Zhang
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumar V, Pakrashi A, Kalleshwaraswamy CM, Banerjee D, Tyagi K. Gene rearrangement in the mitogenome of whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodinae) along with their phylogeny and characterization of complete mitogenome of Aleurodicus rugioperculatus. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4399-4409. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
4
|
OUP accepted manuscript. Zool J Linn Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
|
5
|
Yan L, Buenaventura E, Pape T, Narayanan Kutty S, Bayless KM, Zhang D. A phylotranscriptomic framework for flesh fly evolution (Diptera, Calyptratae, Sarcophagidae). Cladistics 2021; 37:540-558. [PMID: 34570937 DOI: 10.1111/cla.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sarcophagidae (flesh flies) comprise a large and widely distributed radiation within the Calyptratae (Diptera). Larval feeding habits are ecologically diverse and include sarcosaprophagy, coprophagy, herbivory, invertebrate and vertebrate predation, and kleptoparasitism. To elucidate the geographic origin and evolution of flesh fly life-history, we inferred a backbone phylogeny based on transcriptomic data from 26 sarcophagid species covering all three subfamilies plus 15 outgroups. The phylogeny was inferred using maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood methods based on a series of supermatrices, one set with overall information content improved by MARE (2290 loci), one set with 100% gene coverage for all included species (587 loci), and the last set including mitochondrial and nuclear genes (589 loci) and additional taxa. In order to obtain a more detailed hypothesis, we utilized the supertree approach to combine results from the present study with previously published hypotheses. This resulted supertree covers 84 of the one hundred currently recognized sarcophagid genera and formed the basis for the ancestral state reconstructions. The monophyletic Sarcophagidae is well-supported as sister to {Mystacinobiidae + Oestridae}, and relationships at the subfamily level are inferred as {Sarcophaginae, (Paramacronychiinae + Miltogramminae)}. The Sarcophagidae and each subfamily originated in the Americas, with Sarcophaginae diversifying mainly in the Neotropics, whereas the major radiation of both Miltogramminae and Paramacronychiinae occurred in the Palaearctic. Sarcosaprophagy is reconstructed as the ancestral larval feeding habit of the family Sarcophagidae and each subfamily. The ancestral sarcophagid larva probably utilized dead invertebrates as food, and the food spectrum expanded together with the diversification of breeding strategies. Particularly, kleptoparasitism in Miltogramminae is derived from sarcosaprophagy and may be seen as having derived from the breeding biology of 'lower' miltogrammines, the larvae of which feed on buried vertebrate carrion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yan
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Eliana Buenaventura
- Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity, Berlin, 10115, Germany
| | - Thomas Pape
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark
| | - Sujatha Narayanan Kutty
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Dr 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.,Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119227, Singapore
| | - Keith M Bayless
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO National Research Collections Australia (NRCA), Acton, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, 94118, USA
| | - Dong Zhang
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nava-Ruiz P, Meraz-Álvarez R, Valdez-Carrasco J, Chávez-López O, Bautista-Martínez N. Parasitoids of Delia planipalpis (Meigen) and Delia platura (Stein) (Diptera, Anthomyiidae) in Mexico. Zookeys 2021; 1046:177-187. [PMID: 34239340 PMCID: PMC8238925 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1046.64405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the insect pests that affect crucifer crops in Mexico are Delia planipalpis (Meigen) and D. platura (Stein). They are a threat to the production of these vegetables since the damage they cause directly and indirectly affects yield, quality, and commercialization of these crops. Nevertheless, the existence of natural enemies of these dipterans is still unknown. It is fundamental to determine which parasitoids or predators can be considered possible biological control agents in an integrated pest management program. The sampling sites were located in Guanajuato, Puebla, and the State of Mexico, where plants of Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenk and capitata L., B. napus L., and Raphanus sativus L. infested with Delia spp. were selected. The symptoms observed were wilting, yellowish, flaccid leaves and individuals less developed than the rest of the crop. These plants were extracted with their root and the surrounding soil. Also, wild crucifers were collected, such as Raphanus raphanistrum L., Brassica campestris L., and Sisymbrium irio L. The first records of Aphaereta pallipes Say (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), Trybliographa rapae (Westwood) (Hymenoptera, Figitidae), and Aleochara bimaculata Gravenhorst (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) are reported parasitizing the puparia of these anthomyiid flies on cultivated and wild crucifers. This represents only a starting point for the continuous study of these parasitoids, which is needed to consider them useful for the biological control of D. planipalpis and D. platura.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Nava-Ruiz
- Campo Experimental de Delicias CIRNOC-INIFAP, Km 2 carretera Delicias-Rosales, Delicias C.P. 33000, Chihuahua, MéxicoCampo Experimental de Delicias CIRNOC-INIFAPDeliciasMexico
| | - Ricardo Meraz-Álvarez
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Posgrado en Fitosanidad-Entomología y Acarología, Carretera México-Texcoco Km 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56230, Estado de México, MéxicoColegio de PostgraduadosTexcocoMexico
| | - Jorge Valdez-Carrasco
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Posgrado en Fitosanidad-Entomología y Acarología, Carretera México-Texcoco Km 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56230, Estado de México, MéxicoColegio de PostgraduadosTexcocoMexico
| | | | - Néstor Bautista-Martínez
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Posgrado en Fitosanidad-Entomología y Acarología, Carretera México-Texcoco Km 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56230, Estado de México, MéxicoColegio de PostgraduadosTexcocoMexico
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gomes LRP, Souza DDS, de Carvalho CJB. First insights into the evolution of neotropical anthomyiid flies (Diptera: Anthomyiidae). SYST BIODIVERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2021.1914765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Roberto Pereira Gomes
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Biogeografia de Diptera, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, C.P. 19020, Curitiba, 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| | - Diego de Santana Souza
- Departamento de Entomologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Horto Botânico, Parque Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, 20940-040, RJ, Brazil
| | - Claudio José Barros de Carvalho
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Biogeografia de Diptera, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, C.P. 19020, Curitiba, 81531-980, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Getahun MN, Ahuya P, Ngiela J, Orone A, Masiga D, Torto B. Shared volatile organic compounds between camel metabolic products elicits strong Stomoxys calcitrans attraction. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21454. [PMID: 33293684 PMCID: PMC7722739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The sources of animal odours are highly diverse, yet their ecological importance, in host-vector communication, remains unexplored. Here, using the camel (host)-Stomoxys calcitrans (vector) interaction, we collected and analyzed the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) of camels from four of its different odour sources: breath, body (skin), urine, and dung. On non-metric model multivariate analyses of VOCs we show that substantial chemo-diversity exists between metabolic products associated with an individual camel. VOCs from the four metabolic products were distinct and widely segregated. Next, we show electrophysiologically, that VOCs shared between metabolic products activated more Olfactory Sensory Neurons (OSNs) and elicited strong behavioural attractive responses from S. calcitrans under field conditions independent of geography. In our extended studies on house flies, the behavioural response to these VOCs appears to be conserved. Overall, our results establish that VOCs from a range of metabolic products determine host-vector ecological interactions and may provide a more rigorous approach for discovery of unique and more potent attractants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merid Negash Getahun
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772‑00100, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Peter Ahuya
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772‑00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - John Ngiela
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772‑00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Abel Orone
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772‑00100, Nairobi, Kenya
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Daniel Masiga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772‑00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Baldwyn Torto
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772‑00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Meraz-Álvarez R, Bautista-Martínez N, Illescas-Riquelme CP, González-Hernández H, Valdez-Carrasco JM, Savage J. Identification of Delia spp. (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera, Anthomyiidae) and its cruciferous hosts in Mexico. Zookeys 2020; 964:127-141. [PMID: 32939149 PMCID: PMC7471131 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.964.53947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil pests of cruciferous crops in Mexico have been gaining importance in recent years; such is the case of Delia spp. (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera, Anthomyiidae), of which, to date, there are no studies on the correct identification of associated species, as well as the range of hosts. In an integrated pest management program, it is essential to know this information to design and implement adequate phytosanitary measures. Plants infested by Delia spp. were collected in the states of Guanajuato, Puebla, and Mexico from June to November 2017 and March to December 2018 in commercial plantations of cruciferous crops (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica, botrytis and capitata), B. napus L., and Raphanus sativus L.) as well as some cruciferous weeds (R. raphanistrum L., Sisymbrium irio L., B. campestris L., Capsella bursa-pastoris L., and Lepidium virginicum L.) in the edges of these crops. The two species found in this study, Delia planipalpis (Stein) and Delia platura (Meigen), identified using male genitalia was corroborated by molecular techniques. Both species emerged from all the sampled hosts, except for C. bursa-pastoris and L. virginicum. The association of the two species in cruciferous crops and weeds, provides valuable information for the management of these insects not only in cruciferous crops but other ones that are strongly attacked by D. platura.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Meraz-Álvarez
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Posgrado en Fitosanidad-Entomología y Acarología, Carretera México-Texcoco Km. 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56230, Estado de México, México Colegio de Postgraduados Texcoco Mexico
| | - Néstor Bautista-Martínez
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Posgrado en Fitosanidad-Entomología y Acarología, Carretera México-Texcoco Km. 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56230, Estado de México, México Colegio de Postgraduados Texcoco Mexico
| | - Carlos Patricio Illescas-Riquelme
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo No.140 C.P. 25294 Saltillo, Coahuila, México Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada Saltillo Mexico
| | - Héctor González-Hernández
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Posgrado en Fitosanidad-Entomología y Acarología, Carretera México-Texcoco Km. 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56230, Estado de México, México Colegio de Postgraduados Texcoco Mexico
| | - Jorge Manuel Valdez-Carrasco
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Posgrado en Fitosanidad-Entomología y Acarología, Carretera México-Texcoco Km. 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56230, Estado de México, México Colegio de Postgraduados Texcoco Mexico
| | - Jade Savage
- Biological Sciences, Bishop's University, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1M 1Z7, Canada Bishop's University Sherbrooke Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Sex chromosomes and sex determining genes can evolve fast, with the sex-linked chromosomes often differing between closely related species. Population genetics theory has been developed and tested to explain the rapid evolution of sex chromosomes and sex determination. However, we do not know why the sex chromosomes are divergent in some taxa and conserved in others. Addressing this question requires comparing closely related taxa with conserved and divergent sex chromosomes to identify biological features that could explain these differences. Cytological karyotypes suggest that muscid flies (e.g., house fly) and blow flies are such a taxonomic pair. The sex chromosomes appear to differ across muscid species, whereas they are conserved across blow flies. Despite the cytological evidence, we do not know the extent to which muscid sex chromosomes are independently derived along different evolutionary lineages. To address that question, we used genomic and transcriptomic sequence data to identify young sex chromosomes in two closely related muscid species, horn fly (Haematobia irritans) and stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans). We provide evidence that the nascent sex chromosomes of horn fly and stable fly were derived independently from each other and from the young sex chromosomes of the closely related house fly (Musca domestica). We present three different scenarios that could have given rise to the sex chromosomes of horn fly and stable fly, and we describe how the scenarios could be distinguished. Distinguishing between these scenarios in future work could identify features of muscid genomes that promote sex chromosome divergence.
Collapse
|
11
|
Wolbachia Endosymbiont of the Horn Fly (Haematobia irritans irritans): a Supergroup A Strain with Multiple Horizontally Acquired Cytoplasmic Incompatibility Genes. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.02589-19. [PMID: 31900308 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02589-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans, is a hematophagous parasite of livestock distributed throughout Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Welfare losses on livestock due to horn fly infestation are estimated to cost between $1 billion and $2.5 billion (U.S. dollars) annually in North America and Brazil. The endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis is a maternally inherited manipulator of reproductive biology in arthropods and naturally infects laboratory colonies of horn flies from Kerrville, TX, and Alberta, Canada, but it has also been identified in wild-caught samples from Canada, the United States, Mexico, and Hungary. Reassembly of PacBio long-read and Illumina genomic DNA libraries from the Kerrville H. i. irritans genome project allowed for a complete and circularized 1.3-Mb Wolbachia genome (wIrr). Annotation of wIrr yielded 1,249 coding genes, 34 tRNAs, 3 rRNAs, and 5 prophage regions. Comparative genomics and whole-genome Bayesian evolutionary analysis of wIrr compared to published Wolbachia genomes suggested that wIrr is most closely related to and diverged from Wolbachia supergroup A strains known to infect Drosophila spp. Whole-genome synteny analyses between wIrr and closely related genomes indicated that wIrr has undergone significant genome rearrangements while maintaining high nucleotide identity. Comparative analysis of the cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) genes of wIrr suggested two phylogenetically distinct CI loci and acquisition of another cifB homolog from phylogenetically distant supergroup A Wolbachia strains, suggesting horizontal acquisition of these loci. The wIrr genome provides a resource for future examination of the impact Wolbachia may have in both biocontrol and potential insecticide resistance of horn flies.IMPORTANCE Horn flies, Haematobia irritans irritans, are obligate hematophagous parasites of cattle having significant effects on production and animal welfare. Control of horn flies mainly relies on the use of insecticides, but issues with resistance have increased interest in development of alternative means of control. Wolbachia pipientis is an endosymbiont bacterium known to have a range of effects on host reproduction, such as induction of cytoplasmic incompatibility, feminization, male killing, and also impacts vector transmission. These characteristics of Wolbachia have been exploited in biological control approaches for a range of insect pests. Here we report the assembly and annotation of the circular genome of the Wolbachia strain of the Kerrville, TX, horn fly (wIrr). Annotation of wIrr suggests its unique features, including the horizontal acquisition of additional transcriptionally active cytoplasmic incompatibility loci. This study provides the foundation for future studies of Wolbachia-induced biological effects for control of horn flies.
Collapse
|
12
|
Tyagi K, Chakraborty R, Cameron SL, Sweet AD, Chandra K, Kumar V. Rearrangement and evolution of mitochondrial genomes in Thysanoptera (Insecta). Sci Rep 2020; 10:695. [PMID: 31959910 PMCID: PMC6971079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57705-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prior to this study, complete mitochondrial genomes from Order Thysanoptera were restricted to a single family, the Thripidae, resulting in a biased view of their evolution. Here we present the sequences for the mitochondrial genomes of four additional thrips species, adding three extra families and an additional subfamily, thus greatly improving taxonomic coverage. Thrips mitochondrial genomes are marked by high rates of gene rearrangement, duplications of the control region and tRNA mutations. Derived features of mitochondrial tRNAs in thrips include gene duplications, anticodon mutations, loss of secondary structures and high gene translocation rates. Duplicated control regions are found in the Aeolothripidae and the 'core' Thripinae clade but do not appear to promote gene rearrangement as previously proposed. Phylogenetic analysis of thrips mitochondrial sequence data supports the monophyly of two suborders, a sister-group relationship between Stenurothripidae and Thripidae, and suggests a novel set of relationships between thripid genera. Ancestral state reconstructions indicate that genome rearrangements are common, with just eight gene blocks conserved between any thrips species and the ancestral insect mitochondrial genome. Conversely, 71 derived rearrangements are shared between at least two species, and 24 of these are unambiguous synapomorphies for clades identified by phylogenetic analysis. While the reconstructed sequence of genome rearrangements among the protein-coding and ribosomal RNA genes could be inferred across the phylogeny, direct inference of phylogeny from rearrangement data in MLGO resulted in a highly discordant set of relationships inconsistent with both sequence-based phylogenies and previous morphological analysis. Given the demonstrated rates of genomic evolution within thrips, extensive sampling is needed to fully understand these phenomena across the order.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaomud Tyagi
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 750053, India
| | - Rajasree Chakraborty
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 750053, India
| | - Stephen L Cameron
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Andrew D Sweet
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Kailash Chandra
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 750053, India
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata, 750053, India.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Meisel RP, Delclos PJ, Wexler JR. The X chromosome of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica, is homologous to a fly X chromosome despite 400 million years divergence. BMC Biol 2019; 17:100. [PMID: 31806031 PMCID: PMC6894488 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-019-0721-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sex chromosome evolution is a dynamic process that can proceed at varying rates across lineages. For example, different chromosomes can be sex-linked between closely related species, whereas other sex chromosomes have been conserved for > 100 million years. Cases of long-term sex chromosome conservation could be informative of factors that constrain sex chromosome evolution. Cytological similarities between the X chromosomes of the German cockroach (Blattella germanica) and most flies suggest that they may be homologous—possibly representing an extreme case of long-term conservation. Results To test the hypothesis that the cockroach and fly X chromosomes are homologous, we analyzed whole-genome sequence data from cockroaches. We found evidence in both sequencing coverage and heterozygosity that a significant excess of the same genes are on both the cockroach and fly X chromosomes. We also present evidence that the candidate X-linked cockroach genes may be dosage compensated in hemizygous males. Consistent with this hypothesis, three regulators of transcription and chromatin on the fly X chromosome are conserved in the cockroach genome. Conclusions Our results support our hypothesis that the German cockroach shares the same X chromosome as most flies. This may represent the convergent evolution of the X chromosome in the lineages leading to cockroaches and flies. Alternatively, the common ancestor of most insects may have had an X chromosome that resembled the extant cockroach and fly X. Cockroaches and flies diverged ∼ 400 million years ago, which would be the longest documented conservation of a sex chromosome. Cockroaches and flies have different mechanisms of sex determination, raising the possibility that the X chromosome was conserved despite the evolution of the sex determination pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard P Meisel
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, 3455 Cullen Blvd., Houston, 77204, TX, USA.
| | - Pablo J Delclos
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, 3455 Cullen Blvd., Houston, 77204, TX, USA
| | - Judith R Wexler
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of California, Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, 95616, CA, USA.,Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, 4112 Plant Sciences Building, College Park, 20742, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Roháček J, Petráková L, Tóthová A. Molecular phylogeny and timing of evolution of
Anthomyza
and related genera (Diptera: Anthomyzidae). ZOOL SCR 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lenka Petráková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Tóthová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Proteins and RNA molecules are deposited into the developing egg by the mother. These gene products will drive the first stages of development and are coded by maternal genes. Maternal genes are essential, yet, despite their importance, their evolutionary dynamics is largely unknown. Here I review the current knowledge of maternal gene evolution. The evolutionary origin of maternal genes tends to be more recent than that of zygotic genes. Some studies support the theoretical prediction that maternal genes evolve faster than zygotic genes. However, most studies were done on a limited set of species and genes. I also discuss the way forward to understand the evolution of maternal genes by combining high-throughput genomics and theoretical evolutionary approaches.
Collapse
|
16
|
Kirsip H, Abroi A. Protein Structure-Guided Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) as A Powerful Method in the Detection of Ancestral Endogenous Viral Elements. Viruses 2019; 11:v11040320. [PMID: 30986983 PMCID: PMC6520822 DOI: 10.3390/v11040320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been believed for a long time that the transfer and fixation of genetic material from RNA viruses to eukaryote genomes is very unlikely. However, during the last decade, there have been several cases in which “virus-to-host” gene transfer from various viral families into various eukaryotic phyla have been described. These transfers have been identified by sequence similarity, which may disappear very quickly, especially in the case of RNA viruses. However, compared to sequences, protein structure is known to be more conserved. Applying protein structure-guided protein domain-specific Hidden Markov Models, we detected homologues of the Virgaviridae capsid protein in Schizophora flies. Further data analysis supported “virus-to-host” transfer into Schizophora ancestors as a single transfer event. This transfer was not identifiable by BLAST or by other methods we applied. Our data show that structure-guided Hidden Markov Models should be used to detect ancestral virus-to-host transfers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heleri Kirsip
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Tartu, Tartu, 51010, Riia 23, Estonia.
| | - Aare Abroi
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Nooruse 1, Estonia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Narayanan Kutty S, Meusemann K, Bayless KM, Marinho MAT, Pont AC, Zhou X, Misof B, Wiegmann BM, Yeates D, Cerretti P, Meier R, Pape T. Phylogenomic analysis of Calyptratae: resolving the phylogenetic relationships within a major radiation of Diptera. Cladistics 2019; 35:605-622. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sujatha Narayanan Kutty
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore 14 Science Dr 4 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Karen Meusemann
- Biology I, Evolutionary Biology & Ecology University of Freiburg Hauptstraße 1 Freiburg (Brsg.) Germany
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK)/Zentrum für Molekulare Biodiversitätsforschung (ZMB) Bonn Germany
- Australian National Insect Collection CSIRO National Research Collections Australia (NRCA) Acton, ACT Canberra Australia
| | - Keith M. Bayless
- Department of Entomology California Academy of Sciences San Francisco CA USA
- Department of Entomology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - Marco A. T. Marinho
- Departamento de Ecologia, Zoologia e Genética Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal de Pelotas Pelotas RS Brazil
| | - Adrian C. Pont
- Oxford University Museum of Natural History Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PW UK
| | - Xin Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
- Department of Entomology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China
| | - Bernhard Misof
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK)/Zentrum für Molekulare Biodiversitätsforschung (ZMB) Bonn Germany
| | - Brian M. Wiegmann
- Department of Entomology North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA
| | - David Yeates
- Australian National Insect Collection CSIRO National Research Collections Australia (NRCA) Acton, ACT Canberra Australia
| | - Pierfilippo Cerretti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Charles Darwin’ Sapienza Università di Roma Rome Italy
| | - Rudolf Meier
- Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore 14 Science Dr 4 Singapore 117543 Singapore
| | - Thomas Pape
- Natural History Museum of Denmark University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 15 Copenhagen DK–2100 Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Agudelo ID, Almanza K, Guadalupe Altamirano Manriquez M, Andrade P, Anguiano E, Ayala S, Barrios D, Batistiana L, Battar K, Noemi Benavides D, Chavez R, Cuevas Y, Cuevas NC, Garcia RDJ, Diaz ME, Figueroa J, Flores M, Galvan A, Garcia Y, Gonzalez Balcazar C, Guerrero G, Harper MR, Hernandez T, Honda JY, Hughey JR, Hutchins VN, Rodrigo Lazaro Olivera R, Macias Reyes E, Magallon IM, Maldonado AJ, Maravillo Sanchez D, Martinez L, Mendoza C, Mendoza A, Montoya J, Naidu PP, Novoa A, Ortega NM, Ortiz D, Paredes AM, Perez Solis E, Plascencia AA, Ponce AN, Ramirez AE, Ramirez MF, Rodriguez S, Sanchez RA, Serrano NN, Solano FD, Soto D, Steinhardt A, Taveras Dina MO, L. Tong A, Torresillas BJ, Valdez R, Vidales Villicana P, Zamora A, Wong FL. The complete mitochondrial genome of the kelp fly Fucellia costalis (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) from Pacific Grove, California. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1544864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan D. Agudelo
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Karina Almanza
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | | | - Paulina Andrade
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Eduardo Anguiano
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Sandra Ayala
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Dominic Barrios
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Lyric Batistiana
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Kruthi Battar
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Daisy Noemi Benavides
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Rafaela Chavez
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Yosselin Cuevas
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Neovid C. Cuevas
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | | | - Maria E. Diaz
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Jamileth Figueroa
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Martin Flores
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Galvan
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Yazmin Garcia
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | | | - Gabriel Guerrero
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Maiya R. Harper
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Tania Hernandez
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Y. Honda
- Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, One Washington Square, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - Jeffery R. Hughey
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Victoria N. Hutchins
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | | | - Evelyn Macias Reyes
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Isela M. Magallon
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Adrian J. Maldonado
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | | | - Lauryn Martinez
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Christian Mendoza
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Antonio Mendoza
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Jason Montoya
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Prashant P. Naidu
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Alexis Novoa
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Natalie M. Ortega
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - David Ortiz
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Anastacia M. Paredes
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Eduardo Perez Solis
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Abbey A. Plascencia
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Alejandra N. Ponce
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Alicia E. Ramirez
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Maria F. Ramirez
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Sergio Rodriguez
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Rosa A. Sanchez
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Nia N. Serrano
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Francisco D. Solano
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Daniel Soto
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Alicia Steinhardt
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Maria O. Taveras Dina
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Alejandra L. Tong
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Brenda J. Torresillas
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Rolando Valdez
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | | | - Adrian Zamora
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| | - Frances L. Wong
- Division of Mathematics, Science, and Engineering, Hartnell College, Salinas, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tang JM, Li F, Cheng TY, Duan DY, Liu GH. Comparative analyses of the mitochondrial genome of the sheep ked Melophagus ovinus (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) from different geographical origins in China. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:2677-2683. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5925-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
20
|
Cerretti P, Stireman JO, Pape T, O’Hara JE, Marinho MAT, Rognes K, Grimaldi DA. First fossil of an oestroid fly (Diptera: Calyptratae: Oestroidea) and the dating of oestroid divergences. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182101. [PMID: 28832610 PMCID: PMC5568141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Calyptrate flies include about 22,000 extant species currently classified into Hippoboscoidea (tsetse, louse, and bat flies), the muscoid grade (house flies and relatives) and the Oestroidea (blow flies, bot flies, flesh flies, and relatives). Calyptrates are abundant in nearly all terrestrial ecosystems, often playing key roles as decomposers, parasites, parasitoids, vectors of pathogens, and pollinators. For oestroids, the most diverse group within calyptrates, definitive fossils have been lacking. The first unambiguous fossil of Oestroidea is described based on a specimen discovered in amber from the Dominican Republic. The specimen was identified through digital dissection by CT scans, which provided morphological data for a cladistic analysis of its phylogenetic position among extant oestroids. The few known calyptrate fossils were used as calibration points for a molecular phylogeny (16S, 28S, CAD) to estimate the timing of major diversification events among the Oestroidea. Results indicate that: (a) the fossil belongs to the family Mesembrinellidae, and it is identified and described as Mesembrinella caenozoica sp. nov.; (b) the mesembrinellids form a sister clade to the Australian endemic Ulurumyia macalpinei (Ulurumyiidae) (McAlpine's fly), which in turn is sister to all remaining oestroids; (c) the most recent common ancestor of extant Calyptratae lived just before the K-Pg boundary (ca. 70 mya); and (d) the radiation of oestroids began in the Eocene (ca. 50 mya), with the origin of the family Mesembrinellidae dated at ca. 40 mya. These results provide new insight into the timing and rate of oestroid diversification and highlight the rapid radiation of some of the most diverse and ecologically important families of flies. ZooBank accession number-urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0DC5170B-1D16-407A-889E-56EED3FE3627.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierfilippo Cerretti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie ‘Charles Darwin’, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - John O. Stireman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, United States of America
| | - Thomas Pape
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - James E. O’Hara
- Canadian National Collection of Insects, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marco A. T. Marinho
- Laboratório de Morfologia e Evolução de Diptera, Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Departamento de Ecologia, Zoologia e Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Knut Rognes
- University of Stavanger, Faculty of Arts and Education, Department of Early Childhood Education, Stavanger, Norway
| | - David A. Grimaldi
- Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liu ZQ, Kuermanali N, Li Z, Chen SJ, Wang YZ, Tao H, Chen CF. The complete mitochondrial genome of the parasitic sheep ked Melophagus ovinus (Diptera: Hippoboscidae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2017; 2:432-434. [PMID: 33473852 PMCID: PMC7800015 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2017.1347832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome (15,573 bp) of an understudied sheep parasite Melophagus ovinus was sequenced and characterized. Its organization and characteristics, including the size, structure, gene order, start/stop codon usage and gene overlaps, are largely typical for Diptera. It exhibits very high A + T bias (81%). Posterior probability values in the inferred phylogenetic dendrogram were very high, but Oestroidea and Muscoidea superfamilies were both paraphyletic. The sequence was nested within the Oestridae clade, thus also rendering the family paraphyletic. A larger number of Hippoboscoidea mitogenomes will have to be available to achieve a better phylogenetic resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Nuer Kuermanali
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, China
| | - Shi-Jun Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Wang
- School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Han Tao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, China
| | - Chuang-Fu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li X, Li W, Ding S, Cameron SL, Mao M, Shi L, Yang D. Mitochondrial Genomes Provide Insights into the Phylogeny of Lauxanioidea (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha). Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E773. [PMID: 28420076 PMCID: PMC5412357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The superfamily Lauxanioidea is a significant dipteran clade including over 2500 known species in three families: Lauxaniidae, Celyphidae and Chamaemyiidae. We sequenced the first five (three complete and two partial) lauxanioid mitochondrial (mt) genomes, and used them to reconstruct the phylogeny of this group. The lauxanioid mt genomes are typical of the Diptera, containing all 37 genes usually present in bilaterian animals. A total of three conserved intergenic sequences have been reported across the Cyclorrhapha. The inferred secondary structure of 22 tRNAs suggested five substitution patterns among the Cyclorrhapha. The control region in the Lauxanioidea has apparently evolved very fast, but four conserved structural elements were detected in all three complete mt genome sequences. Phylogenetic relationships based on the mt genome data were inferred by Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian methods. The traditional relationships between families within the Lauxanioidea, (Chamaemyiidae + (Lauxaniidae + Celyphidae)), were corroborated; however, the higher-level relationships between cyclorrhaphan superfamilies are mostly poorly supported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuankun Li
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wenliang Li
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China.
| | - Shuangmei Ding
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Stephen L Cameron
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Meng Mao
- Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Science, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Li Shi
- College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
| | - Ding Yang
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhang D, Yan L, Zhang M, Chu H, Cao J, Li K, Hu D, Pape T. Phylogenetic inference of calyptrates, with the first mitogenomes for Gasterophilinae (Diptera: Oestridae) and Paramacronychiinae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). Int J Biol Sci 2016; 12:489-504. [PMID: 27019632 PMCID: PMC4807417 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.12148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The complete mitogenome of the horse stomach bot fly Gasterophilus pecorum (Fabricius) and a near-complete mitogenome of Wohlfahrt's wound myiasis fly Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) were sequenced. The mitogenomes contain the typical 37 mitogenes found in metazoans, organized in the same order and orientation as in other cyclorrhaphan Diptera. Phylogenetic analyses of mitogenomes from 38 calyptrate taxa with and without two non-calyptrate outgroups were performed using Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood. Three sub-analyses were performed on the concatenated data: (1) not partitioned; (2) partitioned by gene; (3) 3rd codon positions of protein-coding genes omitted. We estimated the contribution of each of the mitochondrial genes for phylogenetic analysis, as well as the effect of some popular methodologies on calyptrate phylogeny reconstruction. In the favoured trees, the Oestroidea are nested within the muscoid grade. Relationships at the family level within Oestroidea are (remaining Calliphoridae (Sarcophagidae (Oestridae, Pollenia + Tachinidae))). Our mito-phylogenetic reconstruction of the Calyptratae presents the most extensive taxon coverage so far, and the risk of long-branch attraction is reduced by an appropriate selection of outgroups. We find that in the Calyptratae the ND2, ND5, ND1, COIII, and COI genes are more phylogenetically informative compared with other mitochondrial protein-coding genes. Our study provides evidence that data partitioning and the inclusion of conserved tRNA genes have little influence on calyptrate phylogeny reconstruction, and that the 3rd codon positions of protein-coding genes are not saturated and therefore should be included.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- 1. School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Yan
- 1. School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- 1. School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongjun Chu
- 3. Wildlife Conservation Office of Altay Prefecture, Altay, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jie Cao
- 4. Xinjiang Research Centre for Breeding Przewalski's Horse, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Kai Li
- 1. School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Defu Hu
- 1. School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Thomas Pape
- 2. Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|