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An J, Wang L, Wu Y, Song H, Du X. Response of nutrient loss to natural erosive rainfall events under typical tillage practices of contour ridge system in the rocky mountain areas of Northern China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:85446-85465. [PMID: 37391556 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Changes in natural rainfall characterized by heavy precipitation and high rainfall intensity would increase the risks and uncertainty of nutrients losses. Losses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) with water erosion from agriculture-related activities has become the principal nutrients resulting the eutrophication of water bodies. However, a little attention has been paid to the loss characteristic of N and P responding to natural rainfall in widely used contour ridge systems. To explore the loss mechanism of N and P in contour ridge system, nutrient loss associated with runoff and sediment yield was observed in in situ runoff plots of sweet potato (SP) and peanut (PT) contour ridges under natural rainfall. Rainfall events were divided into light rain, moderate rain, heavy rain, rainstorm, large rainstorm, and extreme rainstorm level, and rainfall characteristics for each rainfall level were recorded. Results showed that rainstorm, accounting for 46.27% of the total precipitation, played a destructive role in inducing runoff, sediment yield, and nutrient loss. The average contribution of rainstorm to sediment yield (52.30%) was higher than that to runoff production (38.06%). Rainstorm respectively generated 43.65-44.05% of N loss and 40.71-52.42% of P loss, although light rain induced the greatest enrichment value for total nitrogen (TN, 2.44-4.08) and PO4-P (5.40). N and P losses were dominated by sediment, and up to 95.70% of the total phosphorus and 66.08% of TN occurred in sediment. Nutrient loss exhibited the highest sensitivity to sediment yield compared to runoff and rainfall variables, and a significant positive linear relationship was observed between nutrient loss and sediment yield. SP contour ridge presented higher nutrient loss than that in PT contour ridge, especially for P loss. Findings gained in this study provide references for the response strategies of nutrient loss control to natural rainfall change in contour ridge system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan An
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, Linyi University, Shuangling Road, Linyi, 276005, Shandong, China.
| | - Lizhi Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, Linyi University, Shuangling Road, Linyi, 276005, Shandong, China
| | - Yuanzhi Wu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, Linyi University, Shuangling Road, Linyi, 276005, Shandong, China
| | - Hongli Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, Linyi University, Shuangling Road, Linyi, 276005, Shandong, China
| | - Xingyu Du
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, College of Resources and Environment, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation and Environmental Protection, Linyi University, Shuangling Road, Linyi, 276005, Shandong, China
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Zhang S, Zhang G, Wang D, Liu Q. Long-term straw return with N addition alters reactive nitrogen runoff loss and the bacterial community during rice growth stages. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 292:112772. [PMID: 34022644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Crop residue return is an effective, eco-friendly tillage method for decreasing reactive nitrogen (Nr) losses via surface runoff. However, the associated variation in Nr characteristics and its prospective mechanisms are not well understood. We systematically evaluated the response of Nr runoff loss and N variation in standing water to the abiotic and biotic parameters of soil in a paddy field after 6 years of straw return. Five experimental treatments of different fertilization strategies in combination with straw return were tested during the rice growth season. The results indicated that under equivalent fertilizer input, long-term straw return significantly reduced Nr runoff loss by 11.5% (P < 0.05), even though the loss increased with N fertilizer addition. We report that variations in abiotic soil properties (P < 0.05) and bacterial communities (P < 0.01) were both responsible for Nr loss differences between the rice growth stages and among the tested fertilizing patterns. Soil inorganic nitrogen (r = 0.18) had a significant positive influence on Nr runoff loss, but this effect was surpassed by the overall negative influence of soil organic carbon (r = -0.43), soil pH, (r = -0.40), and bacterial community composition (r = -0.14), which was especially apparent during the tillering stage. Our results emphasize the importance of jointly considering biotic and abiotic factors in soil and standing water when characterizing the effects of long-term straw return and N addition on Nr runoff loss, which will aid in mitigating N-based agricultural non-point pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Zhang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Gang Zhang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China; College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Dejian Wang
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qin Liu
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
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Rutebuka J, Munyeshuli Uwimanzi A, Nkundwakazi O, Mbarushimana Kagabo D, Mbonigaba JJM, Vermeir P, Verdoodt A. Effectiveness of terracing techniques for controlling soil erosion by water in Rwanda. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 277:111369. [PMID: 32980637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite long-standing efforts in terracing, limited field-based evidence of its effectiveness as implemented within rural farming systems of humid tropical regions, such as Rwanda, is available. This study aimed to reveal regional differences in effectiveness of two widely used terracing techniques. Traditional slope farming (NP) was compared to bench (BT) and farmers' based progressive terraces (PT) in terms of runoff, soil losses, and topsoil fertility in two contrasting agro-ecological zones, the Eastern Plateau (Murehe) and Buberuka Highlands (Tangata). During four consecutive rainy seasons, event-based data were collected using erosion plots (5 m width x 22.2 m length). Effectiveness indices of both terracing systems, as well as (R)USLE P-factor values, were calculated. The annual average soil losses under NP ranged from 4.71 ± 5.02 ton ha-1 to 46.01 ± 7.28 ton ha-1 in Murehe (14% slope gradient) and Tangata (43% slope gradient), respectively. Bench terracing clearly outperformed the farmer-based progressive terrace at both locations, leading to negligible soil losses. In terms of runoff reduction, an effectiveness of 70 and 85% respectively, was observed at Murehe and Tangata. The effectiveness of PT reached 52% for runoff control and 93% for soil loss control at Tangata, thereby confirming its huge potential as erosion control measure, even in mountainous areas. In the hilly landscape of Murehe, the runoff generated by PT - in some years - can exceed that under traditional farming, while the measure reduced soil losses by half on average. Associated USLE P-factors varied between seasons with an annual average values of 0.001-0.02 for BT, and 0.07 to 0.55 for PT at Tangata and Murehe, respectively. These variations in performance by site and terracing system also resulted in differences in topsoil chemical fertility, with BT generally outperforming both PT and NP at Tangata. At Murehe, PT showed a significantly lower chemical fertility compared to BT and NP. Poor quality risers explained the overall lower performance of PT at Murehe. The study thus confirmed the huge potential of (bench) terraces to sustainably reduce soil erosion rates when established within an integrated approach, paying attention to correct installation and fertility-supporting agronomic practices. More attention should be given to riser installation (e.g. distance) and maintenance of PT. Adoption of these erosion control measures can be recommended to similar agro-ecological zones for sustainably protecting the lands while mitigating or adapting the effects of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules Rutebuka
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Environment, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium; Rwanda Agriculture and Animal Resources Development Board (RAB), Department of Land Husbandry, Irrigation Research and Technology Transfer, P.O. Box 5016, Huye, Rwanda.
| | - Aline Munyeshuli Uwimanzi
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Environment, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium.
| | - Olive Nkundwakazi
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Environment, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium.
| | | | - Jean Jacques Muhinda Mbonigaba
- Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa (ASARECA), P.O.Box 765 Mpigi Road, Entebbe, Uganda.
| | - Pieter Vermeir
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Environment, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium.
| | - Ann Verdoodt
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Environment, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Gent, Belgium.
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Sarkar DJ, Bera T, Singh A. Release of urea from cellulosic hydrogel coated urea granule: Modeling effect of crosslink density and pH triggering. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2019.1587772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhruba Jyoti Sarkar
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanumoy Bera
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Anupama Singh
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Traore K, Birhanu BZ. Soil Erosion Control and Moisture Conservation Using Contour Ridge Tillage in Bougouni and Koutiala, Southern Mali. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.4236/jep.2019.1010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Uddin K, Murthy MSR, Wahid SM, Matin MA. Estimation of Soil Erosion Dynamics in the Koshi Basin Using GIS and Remote Sensing to Assess Priority Areas for Conservation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150494. [PMID: 26964039 PMCID: PMC4786292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of water-induced erosion in the transboundary Himalayan river basins are contributing to substantial changes in basin hydrology and inundation. Basin-wide information on erosion dynamics is needed for conservation planning, but field-based studies are limited. This study used remote sensing (RS) data and a geographic information system (GIS) to estimate the spatial distribution of soil erosion across the entire Koshi basin, to identify changes between 1990 and 2010, and to develop a conservation priority map. The revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) was used in an ArcGIS environment with rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, slope length and steepness, cover-management, and support practice factors as primary parameters. The estimated annual erosion from the basin was around 40 million tonnes (40 million tonnes in 1990 and 42 million tonnes in 2010). The results were within the range of reported levels derived from isolated plot measurements and model estimates. Erosion risk was divided into eight classes from very low to extremely high and mapped to show the spatial pattern of soil erosion risk in the basin in 1990 and 2010. The erosion risk class remained unchanged between 1990 and 2010 in close to 87% of the study area, but increased over 9.0% of the area and decreased over 3.8%, indicating an overall worsening of the situation. Areas with a high and increasing risk of erosion were identified as priority areas for conservation. The study provides the first assessment of erosion dynamics at the basin level and provides a basis for identifying conservation priorities across the Koshi basin. The model has a good potential for application in similar river basins in the Himalayan region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabir Uddin
- International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, GPO Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal
- * E-mail:
| | - M. S. R. Murthy
- International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, GPO Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Shahriar M. Wahid
- International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, GPO Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Mir A. Matin
- International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, GPO Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal
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