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Guo N, Chen J, Kong F, Gao Y, Bian J, Liu T, Hong G, Zhao Z. 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for chronic wound infection in rats with diabetes. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117132. [PMID: 39047418 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research indicated that ulcers and peripheral vascular disease resulting from drug-resistant bacterial infections are the main causes of delayed healing in chronic diabetic wounds. 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a second-generation endogenous photosensitizer. The therapeutic effect and mechanism of ALA-mediated photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-infected wounds in diabetic rats were investigated in this study. The results revealed the promising antibacterial effects of ALA-PDT MRSA in vitro, with a minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of 250 and 500 μM, respectively. ALA-PDT also changed the permeability and structural integrity of bacterial cell membranes by producing reactive oxygen species. Meanwhile, ALA-PDT accelerated wound healing in MRSA-infected diabetic rats, with 5 % ALA-PDT achieving complete sterilization in 14 days and wound closure in 21 days. Treatment with 5 % ALA-PDT additionally improved the histopathological appearance of skin tissue, as well as fibrosis, inflammatory cytokine release, and angiogenesis-related protein expression. These findings indicated that ALA-PDT significantly promoted the healing of MRSA-infected wounds in diabetic rats by eliminating bacteria, inhibiting inflammation, generating granulation tissues, promoting neovascularization, and restoring damaged nerves. In addition, the healing mechanism was related to the activation of inflammatory and angiogenesis pathways through the regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 expression and upregulation of CD206, CD31, and VEGF. These findings underscored the potential role of ALA-PDT in promoting the healing of chronic diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China.
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Feiyan Kong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, China.
| | | | | | - Tianjun Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China.
| | - Ge Hong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, China.
| | - Zhanjuan Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, China.
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2
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Vuotto C, Donelli G, Buckley A, Chilton C. Clostridioides difficile Biofilm. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1435:249-272. [PMID: 38175479 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42108-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI), previously Clostridium difficile infection, is a symptomatic infection of the large intestine caused by the spore-forming anaerobic, gram-positive bacterium Clostridioides difficile. CDI is an important healthcare-associated disease worldwide, characterized by high levels of recurrence, morbidity, and mortality. CDI is observed at a higher rate in immunocompromised patients after antimicrobial therapy, with antibiotics disrupting the commensal microbiota and promoting C. difficile colonization of the gastrointestinal tract.A rise in clinical isolates resistant to multiple antibiotics and the reduced susceptibility to the most commonly used antibiotic molecules have made the treatment of CDI more complicated, allowing the persistence of C. difficile in the intestinal environment.Gut colonization and biofilm formation have been suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis and persistence of C. difficile. In fact, biofilm growth is considered as a serious threat because of the related antimicrobial tolerance that makes antibiotic therapy often ineffective. This is the reason why the involvement of C. difficile biofilm in the pathogenesis and recurrence of CDI is attracting more and more interest, and the mechanisms underlying biofilm formation of C. difficile as well as the role of biofilm in CDI are increasingly being studied by researchers in the field.Findings on C. difficile biofilm, possible implications in CDI pathogenesis and treatment, efficacy of currently available antibiotics in treating biofilm-forming C. difficile strains, and some antimicrobial alternatives under investigation will be discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vuotto
- Microbial Biofilm Laboratory, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Anthony Buckley
- Microbiome and Nutritional Sciences Group, School of Food Science & Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Caroline Chilton
- Healthcare Associated Infection Research Group, Section of Molecular Gastroenterology, Leeds Institute for Medical Research at St James, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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3
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Piksa M, Lian C, Samuel IC, Pawlik KJ, Samuel IDW, Matczyszyn K. The role of the light source in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:1697-1722. [PMID: 36779328 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01051k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a promising approach to fight the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance that threatens health care, food security and agriculture. APDT uses light to excite a light-activated chemical (photosensitiser), leading to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Many APDT studies confirm its efficacy in vitro and in vivo against bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites. However, the development of the field is focused on exploring potential targets and developing new photosensitisers. The role of light, a crucial element for ROS production, has been neglected. What are the main parameters essential for effective photosensitiser activation? Does an optimal light radiant exposure exist? And finally, which light source is best? Many reports have described the promising antibacterial effects of APDT in vitro, however, its application in vivo, especially in clinical settings remains very limited. The restricted availability may partially be due to a lack of standard conditions or protocols, arising from the diversity of selected photosensitising agents (PS), variable testing conditions including light sources used for PS activation and methods of measuring anti-bacterial activity and their effectiveness in treating bacterial infections. We thus sought to systematically review and examine the evidence from existing studies on APDT associated with the light source used. We show how the reduction of pathogens depends on the light source applied, radiant exposure and irradiance of light used, and type of pathogen, and so critically appraise the current state of development of APDT and areas to be addressed in future studies. We anticipate that further standardisation of the experimental conditions will help the field advance, and suggest key optical and biological parameters that should be reported in all APDT studies. More in vivo and clinical studies are needed and are expected to be facilitated by advances in light sources, leading to APDT becoming a sustainable, alternative therapeutic option for bacterial and other microbial infections in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Piksa
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Cheng Lian
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, UK.
| | - Imogen C Samuel
- School of Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Krzysztof J Pawlik
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Weigla 12, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9SS, UK.
| | - Katarzyna Matczyszyn
- Institute of Advanced Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Wang W, Liu Y, Li G, Liu Z, Wong PK, An T. Mechanism insights into bacterial sporulation at natural sphalerite interface with and without light irradiation: The suppressing role in bacterial sporulation by photocatalysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 168:107460. [PMID: 35981477 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Unveiling the mechanisms of bacterial sporulation at natural mineral interfaces is crucial to fully understand the interactions of mineral with microorganism in aquatic environment. In this study, the bacterial sporulation mechanisms of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) at natural sphalerite (NS) interface with and without light irradiation were systematically investigated for the first time. Under dark condition, NS was found to inactivate vegetative cells of B. subtilis and promote their sporulation simultaneously. The released Zn2+ from NS was mainly responsible for the bacterial inactivation and sporulation. With light irradiation, the photocatalytic effect from NS could increase the bacterial inactivation efficiency, while the bacterial sporulation efficiency was decreased from 8.1 % to 4.5 %. The photo-generated H2O2 and O2- played the major roles in enhancing bacterial inactivation and suppressing bacterial sporulation process. The intracellular synthesis of dipicolinic acid (DPA) as biomarker for sporulation was promoted by NS in dark, which was suppressed by the photocatalytic effect of NS with light irradiation. The transformation process from vegetative cells to spores was monitored by both 3D-fluerecence EEM and SEM observations. Compared with the NS alone system, the NS/light combined system induced higher level of intracellular ROSs, up-regulated antioxidant enzyme activity and decreased cell metabolism activity, which eventually led to enhanced inactivation of vegetative cells and suppressed bacterial sporulation. These results not only provide in-depth understanding about bacterial sporulation as a new mode of sub-lethal stress response at NS interface, but also shed lights on putting forward suitable strategies for controlling spore-producing bacteria by suppressing their sporulation during water disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhenni Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Po Keung Wong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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do Prado-Silva L, Brancini GT, Braga GÚ, Liao X, Ding T, Sant’Ana AS. Antimicrobial photodynamic treatment (aPDT) as an innovative technology to control spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms in agri-food products: An updated review. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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6
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Dwia Pertiwi Y, Chikama T, Sueoka K, Ko JA, Kiuchi Y, Onodera M, Sakaguchi T. Efficacy of Photodynamic Anti-Microbial Chemotherapy for Acanthamoeba Keratitis In Vivo. Lasers Surg Med 2020; 53:695-702. [PMID: 33615522 DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Acanthamoeba keratitis is a sight-threatening infectious disease that is difficult to treat. The aim of this study was to evaluate TONS504 (cationic chlorin derivative photosensitizer)-mediated photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) in vivo as a potential treatment for Acanthamoeba keratitis. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Acanthamoeba keratitis was induced by soft contact lenses incubated with 1 × 105 /ml Acanthamoeba castellanii, which were placed over debrided corneas with temporary tarsorrhaphy. Thirty-eight male Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (normal eye, no treatment, and treatment groups). TONS504 was administered as eye drops at 1 mg/ml, followed by light-emitting diode irradiation after the establishment of keratitis at 7 days after infectious contact lens exposure. All animals were evaluated under a slit-lamp microscope every 3 days for 6 days after the treatment. Clinical scores based on corneal epithelial defects detected by fluorescein staining, stromal opacity edema, and vascular infiltration into the cornea were determined. After 6 days, the eyes were enucleated for histopathological analysis. RESULTS Clinical signs of infection in the treatment group were markedly reduced for up to 6 days after treatment. Histopathology showed a regular arrangement of stromal fibers and a small number of inflammatory cells in 58% of the corneas. However, 42% of corneas in the treatment group showed infiltrating neutrophils and irregular alignment of stromal collagen fibers. CONCLUSIONS Our TONS504-PACT achieved complete recovery from keratitis in 58% of the rabbit models. Further studies are required to determine the conditions for the maximal effectiveness of our TONS504-PACT for Acanthamoeba keratitis. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunialthy Dwia Pertiwi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.,Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245, Indonesia
| | - Taiichiro Chikama
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kentaro Sueoka
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Ji-Ae Ko
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kiuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Makoto Onodera
- Department of Clinical Support, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Takemasa Sakaguchi
- Department of Virology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
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Huang J, Guo M, Jin S, Wu M, Yang C, Zhang G, Wang P, Ji J, Zeng Q, Wang X, Wang H. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy mediated by 5-aminolevulinic acid on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 28:330-337. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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8
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Pertiwi YD, Chikama T, Sueoka K, Ko JA, Kiuchi Y, Onodera M, Sakaguchi T. Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy with the photosensitizer TONS504 eradicates Acanthamoeba. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 28:166-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Ning HQ, Li YQ, Tian QW, Wang ZS, Mo HZ. The apoptosis of Staphylococcus aureus induced by glycinin basic peptide through ROS oxidative stress response. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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Chen J, Shan J, Xu Y, Su P, Tong L, Yuwen L, Weng L, Bao B, Wang L. Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS)-Based Cationic Conjugated Oligoelectrolyte/Porphyrin for Efficient Energy Transfer and Multiamplified Antimicrobial Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:34455-34463. [PMID: 30211531 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cationic quaternary ammonium (QA) groups and reactive oxygen species as two main approaches for antibacterial study have been intensively studied. Herein, we report a multifunctional antimicrobial agent (porphyrin-POSS-OPVE, PPO), which combines bacterial membrane intercalation, high density of local QA groups, efficient energy transfer, significantly reduced aggregation, and high water solubility into one single molecule. The light-harvesting PPO contains multiple donor-absorbing arms (oligo( p-phenylenevinylene) electrolytes, OPVEs) on its globular periphery and a central porphyrin acceptor in the core by using three-dimensional nanocages (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes, POSSs) as bridges. The antiaggregation ability of POSS and the highly efficient energy transfer from multiple OPVE arms to porphyrin could greatly amplify singlet oxygen generation in PPO. Particularly, OPVEs with QA terminal chains were able to intercalate into Escherichia coli membranes, which facilitated 1O2 diffusion and bacterial cell membrane disintegration by QA groups. The increased local cationic QA charges in OPVE arms can also enhance the biocidal activity of PPO. Benefiting from these satisfactory features, PPO exhibits multiamplified antibacterial efficacy under a very low concentration level and white light dose (400-700 nm, 6 mW·cm-2, 5 min, 1.8 J·cm-2) to Escherichia coli (8 μM) and Staphylococcus aureus (500 nM). Therefore, PPO shows great potential for photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy at a much lower irradiation light dose and photosensitizer concentration level compared to previous reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Jingyang Shan
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Yu Xu
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Peng Su
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Li Tong
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Lihui Yuwen
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Lixing Weng
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Biqing Bao
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Lianhui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM) , Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications , Nanjing 210023 , Jiangsu , China
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Pibiri I, Buscemi S, Palumbo Piccionello A, Pace A. Photochemically Produced Singlet Oxygen: Applications and Perspectives. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201800076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Pibiri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche - STEBICEF; Università degli Studi di Palermo; Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 17 - 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Silvestre Buscemi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche - STEBICEF; Università degli Studi di Palermo; Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 17 - 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Antonio Palumbo Piccionello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche - STEBICEF; Università degli Studi di Palermo; Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 17 - 90128 Palermo Italy
| | - Andrea Pace
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche Chimiche e Farmaceutiche - STEBICEF; Università degli Studi di Palermo; Viale delle Scienze, Edificio 17 - 90128 Palermo Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze per l'Innovazione Tecnologica; Istituto EuroMediterraneo di Scienza e Tecnologia - IEMEST; Via Michele Miraglia, 20 - 90139 - Palermo Italy
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12
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Wozniak A, Grinholc M. Combined Antimicrobial Activity of Photodynamic Inactivation and Antimicrobials-State of the Art. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:930. [PMID: 29867839 PMCID: PMC5952179 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI) is a promising tool for the eradication of life-threatening pathogens with different profiles of resistance. This study presents the state-of-the-art published studies that have been dedicated to analyzing the bactericidal effects of combining aPDI and routinely applied antibiotics in in vitro (using biofilm and planktonic cultures) and in vivo experiments. Furthermore, the current paper reviews the methodology used to obtain the published data that describes the synergy between these antimicrobial approaches. The authors are convinced that even though the combined efficacy of aPDI and antimicrobials could be investigated with the wide range of methods, the use of a unified experimental methodology that is in agreement with antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is required to investigate possible synergistic cooperation between aPDI and antimicrobials. Conclusions concerning the possible synergistic activity between the two treatments can be drawn only when appropriate assays are employed. It must be noticed that some of the described papers were just aimed at determination if combined treatments exert enhanced antibacterial outcome, without following the standard methodology to evaluate the synergistic effect, but in most of them (18 out of 27) authors indicated the existence of synergy between described antibacterial approaches. In general, the increase in bacterial inactivation was observed when both therapies were used in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Wozniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mariusz Grinholc
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Biotechnology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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13
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Zhao KQ, Wu Y, Yi YX, Feng SJ, Wei RY, Ma Y, Zheng CQ, Qu D. An In Vitro Model to Study the Effect of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid-mediated Photodynamic Therapy on Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm. J Vis Exp 2018. [PMID: 29708549 DOI: 10.3791/57604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common human pathogen, which causes pyogenic and systemic infections. S. aureus infections are difficult to eradicate not only due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains but also its ability to form biofilms. Recently, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been indicated as one of the potential treatments for controlling biofilm infections. However, further studies are required to improve our knowledge of its effect on bacterial biofilms, as well as the underlying mechanisms. This manuscript describes an in vitro model of PDT with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), a precursor of the actual photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). Briefly, mature S. aureus biofilms were incubated with ALA and then exposed to light. Subsequently, the antibacterial effect of ALA-PDT on S. aureus biofilm was quantified by calculating the colony forming units (CFUs) and visualized by viability fluorescent staining via confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Representative results demonstrated a strong antibacterial effect of ALA-PDT on S. aureus biofilms. This protocol is simple and can be used to develop an in vitro model to study the treatment of S. aureus biofilms with ALA-PDT. In the future, it could also be referenced in PDT studies utilizing other photosensitizers for different bacterial strains with minimal adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Qing Zhao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of otorhinolaryngology, Fudan University;
| | - Yang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Yu-Xi Yi
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Si-Jia Feng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Ruo-Yan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
| | - Chun-Quan Zheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Key Clinical Disciplines of otorhinolaryngology, Fudan University
| | - Di Qu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University
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Gao Y, Mai B, Wang A, Li M, Wang X, Zhang K, Liu Q, Wei S, Wang P. Antimicrobial properties of a new type of photosensitizer derived from phthalocyanine against planktonic and biofilm forms of Staphylococcus aureus. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 21:316-326. [PMID: 29307772 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial infection is a common clinical problem. Community-associated Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections can cause extensive tissue damage and necrosis. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) has recently attracted attention as a feasible bacterial therapy. Octa-cationic zinc phthalocyanines are newly identified photosensitizers derived from phthalocyanines bearing 1, 2-ethanediamine groups and quaternized derivatives with different numbers of positive charges (ZnPcn+, n = 4 or 8). Here we report the antimicrobial effects of ZnPcn+-mediated PACT on planktonic and biofilm cultures of S. aureus. METHODS ZnPcn+ uptake was detected by photometry after alkaline lysis. Dark-toxicity and light-mediated antimicrobial effects of the drug was determined by the plate count method. The production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by flow cytometry. SYTO 9 and propidium iodide (PI) were used to detect the bacterial cell membrane permeability. DNA damage after ZnPcn+-PACT was analyzed by flow cytometry and PI staining. The destruction of biofilm was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS The study of uptake showed that the relative fluorescence intensity of ZnPcn+ in S. aureus peaked at 15 min. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by ZnPcn+ was enhanced in PACT treatment groups. SYTO 9 and PI staining indicated that cell membrane was damaged. Flow cytometry and PI staining revealed DNA damage. Biofilms were damaged in PACT treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that light-activated ZnPcn+ can efficiently inhibit planktonic and biofilm cultures of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingjie Mai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road No.1, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Quanhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaohua Wei
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road No.1, Nanjing, 210046, China.
| | - Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China.
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15
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16
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Nerandzic MM, Donskey CJ. Sensitizing Clostridium difficile Spores with Germinants on Skin and Environmental Surfaces Represents a New Strategy for Reducing Spores via Ambient Mechanisms. Pathog Immun 2017; 2:404-421. [PMID: 29167835 PMCID: PMC5695872 DOI: 10.20411/pai.v2i3.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clostridium difficile is a leading cause of healthcare-associated infections worldwide. Prevention of C. difficile transmission is challenging because spores are not killed by alcohol-based hand sanitizers or many commonly used disinfectants. One strategy to control spores is to induce germination, thereby rendering the spores more susceptible to benign disinfection measures and ambient stressors. Methods/Results C. difficile spores germinated on skin after a single application of cholic acid-class bile salts and co-germinants; for 4 C. difficile strains, recovery of viable spores from skin was reduced by ~0.3 log10CFU to 2 log10CFU after 2 hours and ~1 log10CFU to > 2.5 log10CFU after 24 hours. The addition of taurocholic acid to 70% and 30% ethanol significantly enhanced reduction of viable spores on skin and on surfaces. Desiccation, and to a lesser extent the presence of oxygen, were identified as the stressors responsible for reductions of germinated spores on skin and surfaces. Additionally, germinated spores became susceptible to killing by pH 1.5 hydrochloric acid, suggesting that germinated spores that remain viable on skin and surfaces might be killed by gastric acid after ingestion. Antibiotic-treated mice did not become colonized after exposure to germinated spores, whereas 100% of mice became colonized after exposure to the same quantity of dormant spores. Conclusions Germination could provide a new approach to reduce C. difficile spores on skin and in the environment and to render surviving spores less capable of causing infection. Our findings suggest that it may be feasible to develop alcohol-based hand sanitizers containing germinants that reduce spores on hands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Curtis J Donskey
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio.,Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
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Fehér C, Soriano A, Mensa J. A Review of Experimental and Off-Label Therapies for Clostridium difficile Infection. Infect Dis Ther 2017; 6:1-35. [PMID: 27910000 PMCID: PMC5336415 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-016-0140-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of increased awareness and the efforts taken to optimize Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) management, with the limited number of currently available antibiotics for C. difficile the halt of this increasing epidemic remains out of reach. There are, however, close to 80 alternative treatment methods with controversial anti-clostridial efficacy or in experimental phase today. Indeed, some of these therapies are expected to become acknowledged members of the recommended anti-CDI arsenal within the next few years. None of these alternative treatment methods can respond in itself to all the major challenges of CDI management, which are primary prophylaxis in the susceptible population, clinical cure of severe cases, prevention of recurrences, and forestallment of asymptomatic C. difficile carriage and in-hospital spread. Yet, the greater the variety of treatment choices on hand, the better combination strategies can be developed to reach these goals in the future. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive summary of these experimental and currently off-label therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Fehér
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alex Soriano
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Mensa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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The potential of photodynamic therapy (PDT)-Experimental investigations and clinical use. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 83:912-929. [PMID: 27522005 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 07/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an intensively studied part of medicine based on free radicals. These reactive species, extremely harmful for whole human organism, are used for eradication numerous diseases. Specific structure of ill tissues causes accumulation free radicals inside them without attack remaining healthy tissues. A rapid development of medicine and scientific research has led to extension of PDT towards treatment many diseases such as cancer, herpes, acne and based on antimicrobials. The presented review article is focused on the aforementioned disorders with accurate analysis of the newest available scientific achievements. The discussed cases explicitly indicate on high efficacy of the therapy. In most cases, free radicals turned out to be solution of many afflictions. Photodynamic therapy can be considered as promising treatment with comparable effectiveness but without side effects characteristic for chemotherapy.
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Lovat L. Another modality to treat esophageal cancer? Gastrointest Endosc 2016; 83:1140-1. [PMID: 27206582 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Lovat
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, UCL, London, United Kingdom
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