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Nofi CP, Prince JM, Wang P, Aziz M. Chromatin as alarmins in necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1403018. [PMID: 38881893 PMCID: PMC11176418 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease primarily affecting premature neonates, marked by poorly understood pro-inflammatory signaling cascades. Recent advancements have shed light on a subset of endogenous molecular patterns, termed chromatin-associated molecular patterns (CAMPs), which belong to the broader category of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). CAMPs play a crucial role in recognizing pattern recognition receptors and orchestrating inflammatory responses. This review focuses into the realm of CAMPs, highlighting key players such as extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), cell-free DNA, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), histones, and extracellular RNA. These intrinsic molecules, often perceived as foreign, have the potential to trigger immune signaling pathways, thus contributing to NEC pathogenesis. In this review, we unravel the current understanding of the involvement of CAMPs in both preclinical and clinical NEC scenarios. We also focus on elucidating the downstream signaling pathways activated by these molecular patterns, providing insights into the mechanisms that drive inflammation in NEC. Moreover, we scrutinize the landscape of targeted therapeutic approaches, aiming to mitigate the impact of tissue damage in NEC. This in-depth exploration offers a comprehensive overview of the role of CAMPs in NEC, bridging the gap between preclinical and clinical insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen P. Nofi
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Jose M. Prince
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
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Chai R, Zhou C, Hu Z, Hu J. Diagnostic predictability of serum miR-4793-3p and miR-1180-3p expression in community-acquired pneumonia. Biomark Med 2024; 18:231-241. [PMID: 38456294 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2023-0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Early identification of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is crucial to prevent severe progression. Methods: The authors enrolled 150 hospitalized CAP patients and collected clinicopathologic features and blood indicators. Plasma miRNA profiling was conducted using microarray detection, and selected miRNAs were tested with reverse transcription quantitative PCR. Predictive models were built using least shrinkage and selection operator regression. Results: Least shrinkage and selection operator regression identified two miRNAs (miR-4793-3p and miR-1180-3p) that distinguished mild from severe CAP patients (area under the curve = 0.948). The miRNA model outperformed D-dimer, platelet and procalcitonin (max area under the curve = 0.729). Conclusion: Increased levels of miR-4793-3p and miR-1180-3p may indicate severe pneumonia development. Plasma miRNA profiling enables early prediction of severe CAP, aiding therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chai
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, No. 168 Changhai RD, Yangpu District, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Cihang Zhou
- Department of General Practice Teaching & Research Office, Changhai Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, No. 168 Changhai RD, Yangpu District, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhenli Hu
- Department of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, No. 168 Changhai RD, Yangpu District, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Changhai Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, No. 168 Changhai RD, Yangpu District, Shanghai, P.R. China
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3
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Nan L, Kaisi F, Mengzhen Z, Yang Y, Jiaming Y, Huirong Y, Xinwei H, Chen W, Liucheng Y, Kai W. miR-375-3p targets YWHAB to attenuate intestine injury in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Pediatr Surg Int 2024; 40:63. [PMID: 38431920 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-024-05653-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a significant contributor to neonatal mortality. This study aimed to investigate the role of high levels of miR-375-3p in breast milk in the development of NEC and elucidate its mechanism. METHODS Differential expression of miR-375-3p in the intestines of breast-fed and formula-fed mice was confirmed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). NEC mice models were established, and intestinal injury was assessed using HE staining. RT-PCR and Western blot were conducted to examine the expression of miR-375-3p, tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein β (YWHAB), as well as the inflammatory in IEC-6 cells, and intestinal tissues obtained from NEC mice and patients. Flow cytometry and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) were employed to elucidate the impact of miR-375-3p and YWHAB on cell apoptosis and proliferation. RESULTS Breastfeeding increases miR-375-3p expression in the intestines. The expression of miR-375-3p in NEC intestinal tissues exhibited a significant decrease compared to the healthy group. Additionally, the expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was higher in the NEC group compared to the control group. Down-regulation of miR-375-3p inhibited IEC-6 cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, and elevated secretion of inflammatory factors. Bioinformatics revealed that YWHAB may be a target of miR-375-3p. RT-PCR and Western blot indicated a down-regulation of YWHAB expression in intestines of NEC patients and mice. Furthermore, YWHAB was found to be positively connected with miR-375-3p. Knockdown miR-375-3p down-regulated YWHAB expression in cells. Inhibition of YWHAB exhibited similar effects to miR-375-3p in IEC-6 cells. YWHAB plasmid partially reverse cellular functional impairment induced by miR-375-3p knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Breastfeeding elevated miR-375-3p expression in intestines in neonatal mice. MiR-375-3p leads to a decrease in apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, an increase in cell proliferation, and a concomitant reduction in the expression of inflammatory factors partly through targeting YWHAB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Nan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Kaisi
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhang Mengzhen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Jiaming
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Huirong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hou Xinwei
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wang Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Liucheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wu Kai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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4
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Li T, Chen X, Qi Q, Feng X. Bovine Milk Derived Exosomes Affect Gut Microbiota of DSS-Induced Colitis Mice. Indian J Microbiol 2024; 64:100-109. [PMID: 38468747 PMCID: PMC10924850 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-023-01131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of bovine milk derived exosomes (MDEs) on the gut microbiota of Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice. Total of 42 specific pathogen free (SPF) male BALB/c mice (3 weeks old) were randomly assigned to three groups including control group, DSS group (DSS) and bovine milk derived exosome group (Exo), with 7 replicates/cages per treatment and two mice in one cage. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of cecal digesta samples was conducted. DSS significantly decreased the average daily feed intake of mice in DSS and Exo groups (P = 0.03). Shannon index of the DSS group was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05) whereas no difference between the control group and Exo group was observed. Administration of MDEs tended to increase the relative abundance of Campylobaterota. Compared to the control group, the relative abundance of Roseburia was significantly decreased in the DSS group (P < 0.05) whereas no difference between the Exo group and control group was observed. MDEs also tended to increase the relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_UCG_006. In conclusion, oral administration of 10 µL MDEs (1 mg/mL) positively affected gut microbiota of DSS-induced colitis mice. The results of this study provided valuable reference for MDEs application in the prevention and treatment of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonghao Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, No. 33 Guangyun Road, Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, No. 33 Guangyun Road, Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong China
| | - Qien Qi
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, No. 33 Guangyun Road, Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong China
| | - Xin Feng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, No. 33 Guangyun Road, Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong China
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5
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Yeramilli V, Cheddadi R, Benjamin H, Martin C. The Impact of Stress, Microbial Dysbiosis, and Inflammation on Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2206. [PMID: 37764050 PMCID: PMC10534571 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the leading cause of intestinal morbidity and mortality in neonates. A large body of work exists; however, the pathogenesis of NEC remains poorly understood. Numerous predictors have been implicated in the development of NEC, with relatively less emphasis on maternal factors. Utilizing human tissue plays a crucial role in enhancing our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms accountable for this devastating disease. In this review, we will discuss how maternal stress affects the pathogenesis of NEC and how changes in the intestinal microbiome can influence the development of NEC. We will also discuss the results of transcriptomics-based studies and analyze the gene expression changes in NEC tissues and other molecular targets associated with the pathogenesis of NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Colin Martin
- Division of Pediatric, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1600 7th Ave. S., Lowder Building Suite 300, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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6
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Sampath V, Martinez M, Caplan M, Underwood MA, Cuna A. Necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants-A defect in the brakes? Evidence from clinical and animal studies. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:208-220. [PMID: 36804483 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
A key aspect of postnatal intestinal adaptation is the establishment of symbiotic relationships with co-evolved gut microbiota. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most severe disease arising from failure in postnatal gut adaptation in premature infants. Although pathological activation of intestinal Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is believed to underpin NEC pathogenesis, the mechanisms are incompletely understood. We postulate that unregulated aberrant TLR activation in NEC arises from a failure in intestinal-specific mechanisms that tamponade TLR signaling (the brakes). In this review, we discussed the human and animal studies that elucidate the developmental mechanisms inhibiting TLR signaling in the postnatal intestine (establishing the brakes). We then evaluate evidence from preclinical models and human studies that point to a defect in the inhibition of TLR signaling underlying NEC. Finally, we provided a framework for the assessment of NEC risk by screening for signatures of TLR signaling and for NEC prevention by TLR-targeted therapy in premature infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatesh Sampath
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
| | - Maribel Martinez
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Michael Caplan
- Department of Pediatrics, North Shore University Health System, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Mark A Underwood
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Alain Cuna
- Division of Neonatology, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA; School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
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7
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Kalhori MR, Soleimani M, Yari K, Moradi M, Kalhori AA. MiR-1290: a potential therapeutic target for regenerative medicine or diagnosis and treatment of non-malignant diseases. Clin Exp Med 2022:10.1007/s10238-022-00854-9. [PMID: 35802264 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00854-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a set of small non-coding RNAs that could change gene expression with post-transcriptional regulation. MiRNAs have a significant role in regulating molecular signaling pathways and innate and adaptive immune system activity. Moreover, miRNAs can be utilized as a powerful instrument for tissue engineers and regenerative medicine by altering the expression of genes and growth factors. MiR-1290, which was first discovered in human embryonic stem cells, is one of those miRNAs that play an essential role in developing the fetal nervous system. This review aims to discuss current findings on miR-1290 in different human pathologies and determine whether manipulation of miR-1290 could be considered a possible therapeutic strategy to treat different non-malignant diseases. The results of these studies suggest that the regulation of miR-1290 may be helpful in the treatment of some bacterial (leprosy) and viral infections (HIV, influenza A, and Borna disease virus). Also, adjusting the expression of miR-1290 in non-infectious diseases such as celiac disease, necrotizing enterocolitis, polycystic ovary syndrome, pulmonary fibrosis, ankylosing spondylitis, muscle atrophy, sarcopenia, and ischemic heart disease can help to treat these diseases better. In addition to acting as a biomarker for the diagnosis of non-malignant diseases (such as NAFLD, fetal growth, preeclampsia, down syndrome, chronic rhinosinusitis, and oral lichen planus), the miR-1290 can also be used as a valuable instrument in tissue engineering and reconstructive medicine. Consequently, it is suggested that the regulation of miR-1290 could be considered a possible therapeutic target in the treatment of non-malignant diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Kalhori
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Masoud Soleimani
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kheirollah Yari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahmoudreza Moradi
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Amir Ali Kalhori
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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8
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Herrera-Uribe J, Zaldívar-López S, Aguilar C, Entrenas-García C, Bautista R, Claros MG, Garrido JJ. Study of microRNA expression in Salmonella Typhimurium-infected porcine ileum reveals miR-194a-5p as an important regulator of the TLR4-mediated inflammatory response. Vet Res 2022; 53:35. [PMID: 35598011 PMCID: PMC9123658 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01056-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is a common cause of food-borne zoonosis leading to acute gastroenteritis in humans and pigs, causing economic losses to producers and farmers, and generating a food security risk. In a previous study, we demonstrated that S. Typhimurium infection produces a severe transcriptional activation of inflammatory processes in ileum. However, little is known regarding how microRNAs regulate this response during infection. Here, small RNA sequencing was used to identify 28 miRNAs differentially expressed (DE) in ileum of S. Typhimurium-infected pigs, which potentially regulate 14 target genes involved in immune system processes such as regulation of cytokine production, monocyte chemotaxis, or cellular response to interferon gamma. Using in vitro functional and gain/loss of function (mimics/CRISPR-Cas system) approaches, we show that porcine miR-194a-5p (homologous to human miR-194-5p) regulates TLR4 gene expression, an important molecule involved in pathogen virulence, recognition and activation of innate immunity in Salmonella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juber Herrera-Uribe
- Immunogenomics and Molecular Pathogenesis Group, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Viral Immunology Group, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sara Zaldívar-López
- Immunogenomics and Molecular Pathogenesis Group, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain. .,Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Research Group GA-14, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Carmen Aguilar
- Immunogenomics and Molecular Pathogenesis Group, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Institute for Molecular Infection Biology (IMIB), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Entrenas-García
- Immunogenomics and Molecular Pathogenesis Group, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Research Group GA-14, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rocío Bautista
- Andalusian Platform of Bioinformatics-SCBI, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - M Gonzalo Claros
- Andalusian Platform of Bioinformatics-SCBI, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan J Garrido
- Immunogenomics and Molecular Pathogenesis Group, Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Maimónides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Research Group GA-14, Córdoba, Spain
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9
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Cai X, Golubkova A, Hunter CJ. Advances in our understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:225. [PMID: 35468817 PMCID: PMC9036771 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03277-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a multifactorial and complex disease. Our knowledge of the cellular and genetic basis of NEC have expanded considerably as new molecular mechanisms have been identified. This article will focus on the current understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of NEC with a focus on the inflammatory, immune, infectious, and genetic mechanisms that drive disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cai
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
| | - Alena Golubkova
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Catherine J Hunter
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA
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10
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Swanson JR, Hair A, Clark RH, Gordon PV. Spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) will soon become the most common form of surgical bowel disease in the extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infant. J Perinatol 2022; 42:423-429. [PMID: 35177793 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-022-01347-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent data have revealed declines in the prevalence rates of NEC over the last decade in premature infants. In contrast, SIP has either remained steady or risen during the same epoch. These trends are consistent with our knowledge of the clinical arena. The ability to discern SIP contamination within NEC datasets has slowly improved. Additionally, quality improvement efforts are being utilized to reduce NEC through stewardship of antibiotics, acid inhibitors, central lines and blood products, as well as optimization of human milk diets. These forces are moving us to a new era, where NEC will no longer be the dominant surgical intestinal disease of the extremely preterm neonate. Indeed, in the extremely low birth weight (ELBW) population, SIP may already be the most prevalent reason for abdominal surgery. In this perspective, the reader will find supporting data and references for these assertions as well as predictions for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Swanson
- Division of Neonatology, University of Virginia Children's Hospital, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
| | - Amy Hair
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Reese H Clark
- Pediatrix-Obstetrix Center for Research and Education, Sunrise, FL, USA
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11
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Guz M, Jeleniewicz W, Cybulski M. An Insight into miR-1290: An Oncogenic miRNA with Diagnostic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031234. [PMID: 35163157 PMCID: PMC8835968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For more than two decades, the view of the roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has been radically changing. These RNA molecules that are transcribed from our genome do not have the capacity to encode proteins, but are critical regulators of gene expression at different levels. Our knowledge is constantly enriched by new reports revealing the role of these new molecular players in the development of many pathological conditions, including cancer. One of the ncRNA classes includes short RNA molecules called microRNAs (miRNAs), which are involved in the post-transcriptional control of gene expression affecting various cellular processes. The aberrant expression of miRNAs with oncogenic and tumor-suppressive function is associated with cancer initiation, promotion, malignant transformation, progression and metastasis. Oncogenic miRNAs, also known as oncomirs, mediate the downregulation of tumor-suppressor genes and their expression is upregulated in cancer. Nowadays, miRNAs show promising application in diagnosis, prediction, disease monitoring and therapy response. Our review presents a current view of the oncogenic role of miR-1290 with emphasis on its properties as a cancer biomarker in clinical medicine.
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12
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Ma Z, Zhong P, Yue P, Sun Z. Uncovering of Key Pathways and miRNAs for Intracranial Aneurysm Based on Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis. Eur Neurol 2022; 85:212-223. [PMID: 35034029 DOI: 10.1159/000521390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracranial aneurysm (IA) is a serious cerebrovascular disease. The identification of key regulatory genes can provide research directions for early diagnosis and treatment of IA. METHODS Initially, the miRNA and mRNA data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Subsequently, the limma package in R was used to screen for differentially expressed genes. In order to investigate the function of the differentially expressed genes, a functional enrichment analysis was performed. Moreover, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to identify the hub module and hub miRNAs. The correlations between miRNAs and mRNAs were assessed by constructing miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks. In addition, in vitro validation was performed. Finally, diagnostic analysis and electronic expression verification were performed on the GSE122897 dataset. RESULTS In the present study, 955 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs, 480 with increased and 475 with decreased expression) and 46 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs, 36 with increased and 10 with decreased expression) were identified. WGCNA demonstrated that the yellow module was the hub module. Moreover, 16 hub miRNAs were identified. A total of 1,124 negatively regulated miRNA-mRNA relationship pairs were identified. Functional analysis demonstrated that DEmRNAs in the targeted network were enriched in vascular smooth muscle contraction and focal adhesion pathways. In addition, the area under the curve of 16 hub miRNAs was >0.8. It is implied that 16 hub miRNAs may be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers of IA. CONCLUSION Hub miRNAs and key signaling pathways were identified by bioinformatics analysis. This evidence lays the foundation for understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms of IA and provided potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfei Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Department of Neurology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Peidong Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhongwu Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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13
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Cai L, Lai D, Gao J, Wu H, Shi B, Ji H, Tou J. The role and mechanisms of miRNA in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1053965. [PMID: 36518784 PMCID: PMC9742607 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1053965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the most significant causes of neonatal mortality, is a disease of acute intestinal inflammation. At present, it is not clear exactly how the disease is caused, but it has been suggested that this disorder is a result of a complex interaction among prematurity, enteral feeding and inappropriate pro-inflammation response and bacterial infection of the intestine. A microRNA (miRNA) is a class of endogenous non-coding single-stranded RNA that is about 23 nucleotides long engaging in the regulation of the gene expression. Recently, numerous studies have determined that abnormal miRNA expression plays important roles in various diseases, including NEC. Here, we summarized the role of miRNAs in NEC. We introduce the biosynthetic and function of miRNAs and then describe the possible mechanisms of miRNAs in the initiation and development of NEC, including their influence on the intestinal epithelial barrier's function and regulation of the inflammatory process. Finally, this review aids in a comprehensive understanding of the current miRNA to accurately predict the diagnosis of NEC and provide ideas to find potential therapeutic targets of miRNA for NEC. In conclusion, our aims are to highlight the close relationship between miRNAs and NEC and to summarize the practical value of developing diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets of NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghao Cai
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dengming Lai
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiafang Gao
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Shi
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haosen Ji
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinfa Tou
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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Galley JD, Mar P, Wang Y, Han R, Rajab A, Besner GE. Urine-derived extracellular vesicle miRNAs as possible biomarkers for and mediators of necrotizing enterocolitis: A proof of concept study. J Pediatr Surg 2021; 56:1966-1975. [PMID: 33785202 PMCID: PMC8410893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-stage symptomology of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is similar in presentation to non-NEC sepsis, though the treatment plans differ based on antibiotic administration and withholding of feeds. Improved diagnostics for NEC differentiation would allow clinicians to more rapidly set individual patients on a targeted treatment path. Extracellular vesicle-derived miRNAs, have previously demonstrated efficacy as disease biomarkers. To determine if these miRNAs are differentially-expressed in NEC infants, we performed transcriptomic analysis of urine-derived extracellular vesicle-derived miRNAs. METHODS Urine was non-invasively obtained from infants in one of four groups (n ≥ 8) (Medical NEC, Surgical NEC, non-NEC sepsis, and healthy age-matched controls). EV-derived miRNAs were isolated and transcriptomic analysis was performed. RESULTS Multiple miRNAs, including miR-376a, miR-518a-3p and miR-604, were significantly altered when comparing NEC to non-NEC sepsis and healthy controls, and could potentially be used as specific NEC biomarkers. Additionally, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis demonstrated that miRs differentially-expressed in NEC were associated with inflammatory disease and intestinal disease. Signal transduction molecules associated with NEC including TP53 and RPS15, which were also reduced transcriptionally in a rat model of NEC. CONCLUSION These data indicate that there is a pool of potential urine EV-derived miRNAs that may be validated as NEC biomarkers in the differentiation of NEC from non-NEC sepsis and from age-matched controls. Additionally, signal transduction molecules associated with miRNAs differentially-expressed in human NEC are altered in a murine model of NEC, suggesting potential crossover between murine models of the disease and actual human presentation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III Study of Diagnostic Test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Galley
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Pamela Mar
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Yijie Wang
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Rachel Han
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Adrian Rajab
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Gail E Besner
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH 43205, USA.
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15
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Feng X, Chen X, Zheng X, Zhu H, Qi Q, Liu S, Zhang H, Che J. Latest Trend of Milk Derived Exosomes: Cargos, Functions, and Applications. Front Nutr 2021; 8:747294. [PMID: 34778341 PMCID: PMC8589029 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.747294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are nanosized phospholipid bilayer vesicles released to the extracellular environment. Exosomes from various tissues or cells are being studied and there has been a growing interest in milk exosomes research due to their emerging role as messengers between cells and the fact that it can be produced in large quantities with rich source of milk. Milk derived exosomes (MDEs) contain lipids, microRNAs, proteins, mRNAs as well as DNA. Studies of exosome cargo have been conducted widely in many research areas, especially exosomal miRNAs. In this paper, we reviewed the current knowledge in isolation and identification, cargos, functions mainly in intestinal tract and immunity system of MDEs. Its application as drug carriers and diseases biomarker are also discussed. Furthermore, we also consider critical challenges of MDEs application and provide possible directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Feng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Xiaolin Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Xucan Zheng
- Foshan Nanhai Poultry Breeding Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Qien Qi
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Shen Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Huihua Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Jianwei Che
- Department of Orthopaedics, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China
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A Pilot Study To Establish an In Vitro Model To Study Premature Intestinal Epithelium and Gut Microbiota Interactions. mSphere 2021; 6:e0080621. [PMID: 34643422 PMCID: PMC8513685 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00806-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota has emerged as an important player in the health and disease of preterm infants. The interactions between intestinal flora and epithelium can lead to local injury and systemic diseases. A suitable in vitro cell model is needed to enhance our understanding of these interactions. In this study, we exposed fetal epithelial cell cultures (FHs-74 int cells, human, ATCC CCL 241) to sterile fecal filtrates derived from stool collected from preterm infants at <2 and at 3 to 4 weeks of age. We measured the cytokine levels from the culture media after 4, 24, and 48 h of exposure to the fecal filtrates. We analyzed the 16S rRNA V4 gene data of the fecal samples and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) data from the fetal epithelial cells after 48 h of exposure to the same fecal filtrates. The results showed correlations between inflammatory responses (both cytokine levels and gene expression) and the Proteobacteria-to-Firmicutes ratio and between fecal bacterial genera and epithelial apoptosis-related genes. Our in vitro cell model can be further developed and applied to study how the epithelium responds to different microbial flora from preterm infants. Combining immature epithelial cells and preterm infant stool samples into one model allows us to investigate disease processes in preterm infants in a way that had not been previously reported. IMPORTANCE The gut bacterial flora influences the development of the immune system and long-term health outcomes in preterm infants. Studies of the mechanistic interactions between the gut bacteria and mucosal barrier are limited to clinical observations, animal models, and in vitro cell culture models for this vulnerable population. Most in vitro cell culture models of microbe-host interactions use single organisms or adult origin cell lines. Our study is innovative and significant in that we expose immature epithelial cells derived from fetal tissues to fecal filtrates from eight stool samples from four preterm infants to study the role of intestinal epithelial cells. In addition, we analyzed epithelial gene expression to examine multiple cellular processes simultaneously. This model can be developed into patient-derived two- or three-dimensional cell cultures exposed to their own fecal material to allow better prediction of patient physiological responses to support the growing field of precision medicine.
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SIGIRR Mutation in Human Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) Disrupts STAT3-Dependent microRNA Expression in Neonatal Gut. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:425-440. [PMID: 34563711 PMCID: PMC8688179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Single immunoglobulin interleukin-1-related receptor (SIGIRR) is a major inhibitor of Toll-like receptor signaling. Our laboratory identified a novel SIGIRR stop mutation (p.Y168X) in an infant who died of severe necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Herein, we investigated the mechanisms by which SIGIRR mutations induce Toll-like receptor hyper-responsiveness in the neonatal gut, disrupting postnatal intestinal adaptation. METHODS Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 was used to generate transgenic mice encoding the SIGIRR p.Y168X mutation. Ileal lysates, mouse intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) lysates, and intestinal sections were used to assess inflammation, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, microRNA (miRNA), and interleukin-1-related-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) expression. Western blot, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR), and luciferase assays were performed to investigate SIGIRR-STAT3 signaling in human intestinal epithelial cells (HIEC) expressing wild-type or SIGIRR (p.Y168X) plasmids. RESULTS SigirrTg mice showed increased intestinal inflammation and nuclear factor-κB activation concomitant with decreased IEC expression of miR-146a and miR-155. Mechanistic studies in HIECs showed that although SIGIRR induced STAT3-mediated expression of miR-146a and miR-155, the p.Y168X mutation disrupted SIGIRR-mediated STAT3-dependent miRNA expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assays showed that SIGIRR activation of STAT3-induced miRNA expression is dependent on IRAK1. Both in HIECs and in the mouse intestine, decreased expression of miR-146a observed with the p.Y168X mutation increased expression of IRAK1, a protein whose down-regulation is important for postnatal gut adaptation. CONCLUSIONS Our results uncover a novel pathway (SIGIRR-STAT3-miRNA-IRAK1 repression) by which SIGIRR regulates postnatal intestine adaptation, which is disrupted by a SIGIRR mutation identified in human NEC. These data provide new insights into how human genetic mutations in SIGIRR identified in NEC result in loss of postnatal intestinal immune tolerance.
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18
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Intratumour heterogeneity in microRNAs expression regulates glioblastoma metabolism. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15908. [PMID: 34354095 PMCID: PMC8342598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95289-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While specific microRNA (miRNA) signatures have been identified in glioblastoma (GBM), the intratumour heterogeneity in miRNA expression has not yet been characterised. In this study, we reveal significant alterations in miRNA expression across three GBM tumour regions: the core, rim, and invasive margin. Our miRNA profiling analysis showed that miR-330-5p and miR-215-5p were upregulated in the invasive margin relative to the core and the rim regions, while miR-619-5p, miR-4440 and miR-4793-3p were downregulated. Functional analysis of newly identified miRNAs suggests their involvement in regulating lipid metabolic pathways. Subsequent liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and tandem mass spectroscopy (LC-MS/MS) profiling of the intracellular metabolome and the lipidome of GBM cells with dysregulated miRNA expression confirmed the alteration in the metabolite levels associated with lipid metabolism. The identification of regional miRNA expression signatures may underlie the metabolic heterogeneity within the GBM tumour and understanding this relationship may open new avenues for the GBM treatment.
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Yan M, Niu L, Liu J, Yao Y, Li H. circEVI5 acts as a miR-4793-3p sponge to suppress the proliferation of gastric cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:774. [PMID: 34354043 PMCID: PMC8342614 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a covalently closed loop structure. Accumulating evidence shows that circRNAs play vital roles in the growth, metastasis, treatment and prognosis of various cancers. However, the detailed functions and underlying mechanisms of circEVI5 (hsa_circ_0013162) in gastric cancer (GC) remain undocumented. In this study, the expression levels and prognostic value of circEVI5 were validated in GC tissue samples by using qRT-PCR. circEVI5 was significantly downregulated in GC tissues and cells, and low circEVI5 expression was correlated with poor prognosis. Next, in vitro CCK-8 assay, EdU incorporation assay, PI staining cell cycle assay, and in vivo xenograft mouse models were conducted to assess the functions of circEVI5. Gain of function experiments indicated that circEVI5 could inhibit GC cell proliferation and retard the cell cycle. Moreover, bioinformatics prediction showed that circEVI5 binds to miR-4793-3p, while FOXO1 may be a target of miR-4793-3p. Pull-down assays, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, luciferase assays, and western blot were used to confirm the interactions between circEVI5, miR-4793-3p, and FOXO1. Functional assays demonstrated that circEVI5 suppressed the proliferation of GC by sponging miR-4793-3p and increasing FOXO1 expression levels. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that circEVI5 can bind miR-4793-3p as a ceRNA to eliminate the negative regulation of FOXO1, therefore suppressing GC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meinan Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Liling Niu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.
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20
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Wu YZ, Chan KYY, Leung KT, Lam HS, Tam YH, Lee KH, Li K, Ng PC. The miR-223/nuclear factor I-A axis regulates inflammation and cellular functions in intestinal tissues with necrotizing enterocolitis. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:1907-1920. [PMID: 33932136 PMCID: PMC8255851 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that microRNA(miR)‐223 is overexpressed in intestinal tissue of infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The objective of the current study was to identify the target gene of miR‐223 and to investigate the role of the miR‐223/nuclear factor I‐A (NFIA) axis in cellular functions that underpin the pathophysiology of NEC. The target gene of miR‐223 was identified by in silico target prediction bioinformatics, luciferase assay, and western blotting. We investigated downstream signals of miR‐223 and cellular functions by overexpressing the miRNA in Caco‐2 and FHs74 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). NFIA was identified as a target gene of miR‐223. Overexpression of miR‐223 significantly induced MYOM1 and inhibited NFIA and RGN in Caco‐2 cells, while costimulation with LTA decreased expression of GNA11, MYLK, and PRKCZ. Expression levels of GNA11, MYLK, IL‐6, and IL‐8 were increased, and levels of NFIA and RGN were decreased in FHs74 cells. These potential downstream genes were significantly correlated with levels of miR‐223 or NFIA in primary NEC tissues. Overexpression of miR‐223 significantly increased apoptosis of Caco‐2 and FHs74 cells, while proliferation of FHs74 was inhibited. These results suggest that upon binding with NFIA, miR‐223 regulates functional effectors in pathways of apoptosis, cell proliferation, G protein signaling, inflammation, and smooth muscle contraction. The miR‐223/NFIA axis may play an important role in the pathophysiology of NEC by enhancing inflammation and tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng Wu
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kathy Yuen Yee Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kam Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Hugh Simon Lam
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yuk Him Tam
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Kim Hung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Karen Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Pak Cheung Ng
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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21
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Yang Z, He T, Chen Q. The Roles of CircRNAs in Regulating Muscle Development of Livestock Animals. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:619329. [PMID: 33748107 PMCID: PMC7973088 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.619329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The muscle growth and development of livestock animals is a complex, multistage process, which is regulated by many factors, especially the genes related to muscle development. In recent years, it has been reported frequently that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved widely in cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and body development (including muscle development). However, the research on circRNAs in muscle growth and development of livestock animals is still in its infancy. In this paper, we briefly introduce the discovery, classification, biogenesis, biological function, and degradation of circRNAs and focus on the molecular mechanism and mode of action of circRNAs as competitive endogenous RNAs in the muscle development of livestock and poultry. In addition, we also discuss the regulatory mechanism of circRNAs on muscle development in livestock in terms of transcription, translation, and mRNAs. The purpose of this article is to discuss the multiple regulatory roles of circRNAs in the process of muscle development in livestock, to provide new ideas for the development of a new co-expression regulation network, and to lay a foundation for enriching livestock breeding and improving livestock economic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguo Yang
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tianle He
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingyun Chen
- Laboratory for Bio-Feed and Molecular Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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22
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Khashana A, Abdel-Wahab A, Khalil M, Omar H. Evaluation of cachectin level in preterm neonates as an indicator of necrotizing enterocolitis. J Clin Neonatol 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/jcn.jcn_166_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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23
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Klerk DH, Plösch T, Verkaik-Schakel RN, Hulscher JBF, Kooi EMW, Bos AF. DNA Methylation of TLR4, VEGFA, and DEFA5 Is Associated With Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:630817. [PMID: 33748044 PMCID: PMC7969816 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.630817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation, may contribute to an increased susceptibility for developing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants. We assessed DNA methylation in five NEC-associated genes, selected from literature: EPO, VEGFA, ENOS, DEFA5, and TLR4 in infants with NEC and controls. Methods: Observational cohort study including 24 preterm infants who developed NEC (≥Bell Stage IIA) and 45 matched controls. DNA was isolated from stool samples and methylation measured using pyrosequencing. We investigated differences in methylation prior to NEC compared with controls. Next, in NEC infants, we investigated methylation patterns long before, a short time before NEC onset, and after NEC. Results: Prior to NEC, only TLR4 CpG 2 methylation was increased in NEC infants (median = 75.4%, IQR = 71.3-83.8%) versus controls (median = 69.0%, IQR = 64.5-77.4%, p = 0.025). In NEC infants, VEGFA CpG 3 methylation was 0.8% long before NEC, increasing to 1.8% a short time before NEC and 2.0% after NEC (p = 0.011; p = 0.021, respectively). A similar pattern was found in DEFA5 CpG 1, which increased from 75.4 to 81.4% and remained 85.3% (p = 0.027; p = 0.019, respectively). These changes were not present for EPO, ENOS, and TLR4. Conclusion: Epigenetic changes of TLR4, VEGFA, and DEFA5 are present in NEC infants and can differ in relation to the time of NEC onset. Differences in DNA methylation of TLR4, VEGFA, and DEFA5 may influence gene expression and increase the risk for developing NEC. This study also demonstrates the use of human DNA extraction from stool samples as a novel non-invasive method for exploring the bowel of preterm infants and which can also be used for necrotizing enterocolitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne H Klerk
- Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Torsten Plösch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Rikst Nynke Verkaik-Schakel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan B F Hulscher
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M W Kooi
- Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Arend F Bos
- Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Lin S, Lin M, Ma H, Wang X, Zhang D, Wu W, Lin J, Gao H. Identification of miR-4793-3p as a potential biomarker for bacterial infection in patients with hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis: A pilot study. Exp Ther Med 2020; 21:120. [PMID: 33335583 PMCID: PMC7739867 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis (HBV-LC) is susceptible to bacterial infections, which could lead to adverse prognosis in patients. MicroRNAs (miRs/miRNAs) are easily detected in peripheral blood and are involved in multiple liver diseases. The present pilot study aimed to investigate differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in the serum of patients with HBV-LC and bacterial infection, and to identify potential biomarkers. The first batch of clinical samples was collected, including four patients with HBV-LC and infection, four patients with HBV-LC without infection, four patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and four healthy controls. miRNA expression was analyzed by Affymetrix GeneChip miRNA 4.0 Array. A total of 385 DE miRNAs (upregulated, 160; downregulated, 225) were detected in patients with HBV-LC and infection compared with patients with HBV-LC without infection. miR-4793-3p was significantly upregulated in patients with HBV-LC and infection compared with its levels in the other three groups: HBV-LC without infection [log-transformed fold change (logFC)=7.96; P=0.0458), CHB (logFC=34.53; P=0.0003) and healthy controls (logFC=3.34; P=0.0219)]. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to validate miR-4793-3p expression in another batch of clinical samples. RT-qPCR showed that miR-4793-3p was highly expressed in patients with HBV-LC and infection compared with its levels in patients with HBV-LC without infection (P<0.05). The non-parametric random forest regression model was built to access the diagnostic value of miR-4793-3p, and the receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that the area under the curve was 92.2%. Target gene analysis with bioinformatics tools and Gene Expression Omnibus data (GSE46955) showed that miR-4793-3p could participate in the TGF-β signaling pathway. Functional experiments revealed that overexpressed miR-4793-3p could impair TGF-β function by downregulating Gremlin-1. The present pilot study suggests that miR-4793-3p could be a feasible indicator for bacterial infection in patients with HBV-LC, and it would be valuable for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Lin
- Department of Severe Hepatopathy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Fuzhou Infectious Diseases Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Minghua Lin
- Department of Severe Hepatopathy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Fuzhou Infectious Diseases Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Huaxi Ma
- Department of Severe Hepatopathy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Fuzhou Infectious Diseases Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Xiangmei Wang
- Department of Severe Hepatopathy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Fuzhou Infectious Diseases Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Dongqing Zhang
- Department of Severe Hepatopathy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Fuzhou Infectious Diseases Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Wenjun Wu
- Department of Severe Hepatopathy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Fuzhou Infectious Diseases Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Jiahuang Lin
- Department of Severe Hepatopathy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Fuzhou Infectious Diseases Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Haibing Gao
- Department of Severe Hepatopathy, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Fuzhou Infectious Diseases Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatology, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
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Chen W, Wang X, Yan X, Yu Z, Zhang J, Han S. The emerging role of exosomes in the pathogenesis, prognosis and treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:7020-7033. [PMID: 33312348 PMCID: PMC7724339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles. They contain bioactive molecules, including nucleic acids, proteins and lipids. Among the currently described exosomes, a majority are potential candidates for the diagnosis and treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). In this work, we reviewed existing literature reports on exosomes and explored their roles in NEC. Exosomes derived from intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) participates in the development of intestinal diseases, thus can potentially be utilized as biomarkers for NEC. Besides, exosomes of human milk have been demonstrated to protect IECs from oxidative stress, stimulate intestinal stem cells activity, improve the proliferation and migration of IECs, and lower the incidence and severity of experimental NEC. Further, exosomes produced by stem cells can reduce the severity of experimental NEC and protect the intestinal barrier function during NEC. Conclusively, exosomes have been shown to influence the pathogenesis of NEC and exert a protective effect on NEC. However, additional investigations would be urgently necessary to comprehensively elucidate the underlying mechanisms of exosomes in NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital No. 123 Tian Fei Xiang, Mo Chou Road, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingyun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital No. 123 Tian Fei Xiang, Mo Chou Road, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiangyun Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital No. 123 Tian Fei Xiang, Mo Chou Road, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhangbin Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital No. 123 Tian Fei Xiang, Mo Chou Road, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital No. 123 Tian Fei Xiang, Mo Chou Road, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shuping Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital No. 123 Tian Fei Xiang, Mo Chou Road, Nanjing 210004, Jiangsu Province, China
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26
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He T, Liu W, Cao L, Liu Y, Zou Z, Zhong Y, Wang H, Mo Y, Peng S, Shuai C. CircRNAs and LncRNAs in Osteoporosis. Differentiation 2020; 116:16-25. [PMID: 33157509 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease with bone fragility and increased fracture risk. The non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have appeared as important regulators of cellular signaling and pertinent human diseases. Studies have demonstrated that circular RNAs (circRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in the progression of osteoporosis through a variety of pathways, and are considered as targets for the prophylaxis and treatment of osteoporosis. Based on an in-depth understanding of their roles and mechanisms in osteoporosis, we summarize the functions and molecular mechanisms of circRNAs and lncRNAs involved in the progression of osteoporosis and provide some new insights for the prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, 410011, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Cao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zi Zou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yancheng Zhong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuqing Mo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuping Peng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China; The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Non Resolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Cijun Shuai
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, China; State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
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27
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Zhu X, Liu Y, Xu J, Cheng Z, Yu Y, Chu M, Lu X, Yuan W. miR-608 rs4919510 Polymorphism May Affect Susceptibility to Colorectal Cancer by Upregulating MRPL43 Expression. DNA Cell Biol 2020; 39:2017-2027. [PMID: 33147064 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.5689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many studies on the association between miR-608 rs4919510 polymorphism and susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of rs4919510 in CRC development and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. We first evaluated the gene that may be regulated by the variation of rs4919510 through a two-stage expression quantitative trait loci analysis and then compared the expression of that identified gene in CRC tissues and adjacent nontumor tissues. Next, methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry analyses were performed to investigate the in vitro capacity of cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and cell cycle of CRC cells, respectively. Finally, through bioinformatics prediction, we contrasted the regulatory network and identified microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that could regulate the obtained gene. We found that the variant G allele of rs4919510 located in miR-608 was associated with a potentially increased expression of MRPL43 in colon tissues (p = 0.065). Moreover, the results of functional experiments suggested that knockdown of the MRPL43 gene could inhibit the growth of the CRC HCT-116 cell line and promote apoptosis. Additionally, the cell cycle of CRC HCT-116 cell line was significantly arrested at the G2 phase. Next, we obtained a competing endogenous RNA regulatory network of MRPL43 with 17 pairs of miRNAs-lncRNAs by bioinformatics prediction, out of which, survival analysis indicated that different expression levels of miR-193b-3p (p = 0.0269) and miR-194-3p (p = 0.0113) were associated with overall survival in CRC patients. The rs4919510 variant G allele in miR-608 may increase the proliferation, invasion, and migration ability and decrease the apoptosis of CRC HCT-116 cell line by upregulating the expression of MRPL43, ultimately may affect the risk of CRC. Moreover, miR-193b-3p and miR-194-3p that target MRPL43 may serve as potential predictive biomarkers of CRC survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yichen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jingsheng Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Zhounan Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yuhui Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Minjie Chu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Oncology, Changshu No. 1 People's Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Weiyan Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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28
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Martins B, Amorim M, Reis F, Ambrósio AF, Fernandes R. Extracellular Vesicles and MicroRNA: Putative Role in Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080705. [PMID: 32759750 PMCID: PMC7463887 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a complex, progressive, and heterogenous retinal degenerative disease associated with diabetes duration. It is characterized by glial, neural, and microvascular dysfunction, being the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) breakdown a hallmark of the early stages. In advanced stages, there is formation of new blood vessels, which are fragile and prone to leaking. This disease, if left untreated, may result in severe vision loss and eventually legal blindness. Although there are some available treatment options for DR, most of them are targeted to the advanced stages of the disease, have some adverse effects, and many patients do not adequately respond to the treatment, which demands further research. Oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation are closely associated processes that play a critical role in the development of DR. Retinal cells communicate with each other or with another one, using cell junctions, adhesion contacts, and secreted soluble factors that can act in neighboring or long-distance cells. Another mechanism of cell communication is via secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), through exchange of material. Here, we review the current knowledge on deregulation of cell-to-cell communication through EVs, discussing the changes in miRNA expression profiling in body fluids and their role in the development of DR. Thereafter, current and promising therapeutic agents for preventing the progression of DR will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martins
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Madania Amorim
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Flávio Reis
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Francisco Ambrósio
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Fernandes
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (B.M.); (M.A.); (F.R.); (A.F.A.)
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Association for Innovation and Biomedical Research on Light and Image (AIBILI), 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-239480072
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Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized infants. First classified through Bell staging in 1978, a number of additional definitions of NEC have been proposed in the subsequent decades. In this review, we summarize eight current definitions of NEC, and explore similarities and differences in clinical signs and radiographic features included within these definitions, as well as their limitations. We highlight the importance of a global consensus on defining NEC to improve NEC research and outcomes, incorporating input from participants at an international NEC conference. We also highlight the important role of patient-families in helping to redefine NEC.
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30
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Li X, Wang Y, Wang Y, He X. MiR-141-3p ameliorates RIPK1-mediated necroptosis of intestinal epithelial cells in necrotizing enterocolitis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:18073-18083. [PMID: 32702669 PMCID: PMC7585103 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the effects of miR-141-3p on intestinal epithelial cells in necrotizing enterocolitis and the underlying mechanism. RESULTS The expression of miR-141-3p was significantly downregulated in serum samples of patients with NEC and LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. The in vitro assays showed that miR-141-3p mimics inhibited expression of IL-6 and TNF-α and reduced PI positive rate of the LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. Next, receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) was identified as the downstream molecule of miR-141-3p, and RIPK1 overexpression aggravated LPS-induced Caco-2 cell injury, which was ameliorated by miR-141-3p mimics. Finally, we found miR-141-3p mimics inhibited upregulation of necroptosis-related molecules and interaction of RIPK1 and RIPK3 in LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. CONCLUSION Our research indicated that miR-141-3p protected intestinal epithelial cells from LPS damage by suppressing RIPK1-mediated inflammation and necroptosis, providing an alternative perspective to explore the pathogenesis of NEC. METHODS Quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-141-3p in serum samples of participants and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated Caco-2 cells. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Propidium Iodide (PI) staining and detection of inflammatory cytokines were performed to evaluate the role of miR-141-3p in LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. TargetScanHuman database and luciferase reporter gene assay were utilized to confirm the direct downstream molecule of miR-141-3p. Western blot analysis was used to explore the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Children and Women’s Healthcare of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Children and Women’s Healthcare of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yijiang Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Children and Women’s Healthcare of Jinan City, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xingbo He
- Department of Emergency, Jinan Children’s Hospital, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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31
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Ruiz-Roso MB, Gil-Zamorano J, López de Las Hazas MC, Tomé-Carneiro J, Crespo MC, Latasa MJ, Briand O, Sánchez-López D, Ortiz AI, Visioli F, Martínez JA, Dávalos A. Intestinal Lipid Metabolism Genes Regulated by miRNAs. Front Genet 2020; 11:707. [PMID: 32742270 PMCID: PMC7366872 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) crucial roles in translation repression and post-transcriptional adjustments contribute to regulate intestinal lipid metabolism. Even though their actions in different metabolic tissues have been elucidated, their intestinal activity is yet unclear. We aimed to investigate intestinal miRNA-regulated lipid metabolism-related genes, by creating an intestinal-specific Dicer1 knockout (Int-Dicer1 KO) mouse model, with a depletion of microRNAs in enterocytes. The levels of 83 cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism-related genes were assessed in the intestinal mucosa of Int-Dicer1 KO and Wild Type C57BL/6 (WT) littermates mice at baseline and 2 h after an oral lipid challenge. Among the 18 genes selected for further validation, Hmgcs2, Acat1 and Olr1 were found to be strong candidates to be modulated by miRNAs in enterocytes and intestinal organoids. Moreover, we report that intestinal miRNAs contribute to the regulation of intestinal epithelial differentiation. Twenty-nine common miRNAs found in the intestines were analyzed for their potential to target any of the three candidate genes found and validated by miRNA-transfection assays in Caco-2 cells. MiR-31-5p, miR-99b-5p, miR-200a-5p, miR-200b-5p and miR-425-5p are major regulators of these lipid metabolism-related genes. Our data provide new evidence on the potential of intestinal miRNAs as therapeutic targets in lipid metabolism-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belén Ruiz-Roso
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Judit Gil-Zamorano
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carmen López de Las Hazas
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joao Tomé-Carneiro
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Carmen Crespo
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Jesús Latasa
- Research Program, Innovation, Communication and Education Program, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olivier Briand
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Daniel Sánchez-López
- University of Lille, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Ana I Ortiz
- Servicio de Cirugía Experimental, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Visioli
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- Department of Nutrition and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, IDISNA Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Centre of Biomedical Research in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiometabolic Nutrition Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Dávalos
- Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA)-Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, Madrid, Spain
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32
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Wang H, Ma Y, Lin Y, Chen R, Xu B, Deng J. SHU00238 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Cell Apoptosis Through miR-4701-3p and miR-4793-3p. Front Genet 2020; 10:1320. [PMID: 31998373 PMCID: PMC6965150 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most leading causes of death. Searching for new therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer is urgently needed. SHU00238, an isoxazole derivative, was reported to suppress colorectal tumor growth through microRNAs. But the underlying mechanisms still remain unknown. Here, we explored the mechanism of SHU00238 on colorectal cancer by RT-PCR, CCK-8, flow cytometry, mirTarBase, and GO enrichment analysis. We screened partial microRNAs regulated by SHU00238 in colorectal cancer cells. Furthermore, we identified that miR-4701-3p and miR-4793-3p can reverse the acceleration of SHU00238 on colorectal cancer cell apoptosis in HCT116 Cells. Finally, we found that SMARCA5, MBD3, VPS53, EHD4 are estimated to mediate the regulation of miR-4701-3p and miR-4793-3p on colorectal cancer cell apoptosis, which targets ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling pathway and endocytic recycling pathway. Taken together, our study reveals that SHU00238 promotes colorectal cancer cell apoptosis through miR-4701-3p and miR-4793-3p, which provide a potential drug target and therapeutic strategy for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yurui Ma
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Qianweichang College, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,Innovative Drug Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiali Deng
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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33
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Kyei B, Li L, Yang L, Zhan S, Zhang H. CDR1as/miRNAs-related regulatory mechanisms in muscle development and diseases. Gene 2020; 730:144315. [PMID: 31904497 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Muscles are critical tissues for mammals due to their close association with movement and physiology. Myogenesis involves proliferation, differentiation, and fusion of myoblast, in which many well-known protein-coding genes, as well as linear non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), are involved. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs) have attracted much attention since several circRNAs are known to play significant roles in muscle development and diseases through limited mechanisms, particularly through sponging miRNAs. Through advanced researches, increasing evidence suggests that Cerebellar Degeneration-Related protein 1 antisense (CDR1as) is an important circRNA that regulates the levels of mRNAs expression via competitively sponged miRNAs. Here, we reviewed the robust expression and base pairing relationships of CDR1as and several myogenic miRNAs, as well as these miRNAs and their targeted genes in muscles or some muscle-related diseases. These potential CDR1as/miRNAs/mRNA pathways will provide the basis for further research on the function of CDR1as in muscle development, and eventually extend the versatile roles of CDR1as in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bismark Kyei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Siyuan Zhan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Hongping Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Zhao J, Yin L, He L. The MicroRNA Landscapes Profiling Reveals Potential Signatures of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Infants. J Comput Biol 2020; 27:30-39. [PMID: 31390270 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2019.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Linlin Yin
- Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ling He
- Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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35
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Ng PC, Chan KYY, Lam HS, Wong RPO, Ma TPY, Sit T, Leung KT, Chan LCN, Pang YLI, Cheung HM, Chu WCW, Li K. A Prospective Cohort Study of Fecal miR-223 and miR-451a as Noninvasive and Specific Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants. Neonatology 2020; 117:555-561. [PMID: 33238267 DOI: 10.1159/000511655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of fecal microRNA (miR)-223 and miR-451a, as novel noninvasive biomarkers for early diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm infants. METHODS Among the top-listed target miRNAs in our previous differential microarray analysis, miR-223 and miR-451a were quantified in a pilot validation case-controlled study (NEC vs. non-NEC/nonsepsis infants; n = 6 in each group). A definitive prospective cohort study (n = 218) further assessed their clinical usefulness as noninvasive and specific diagnostic biomarkers. Fecal calprotectin was quantified in parallel for comparison. RESULTS Of 43 proven NEC cases in the cohort study, 24 (55.8%) had fecal samples recovered within the first 3 days of clinical presentation. Fecal miRNA-223 (10.5 fold), miR-451a (4.5 fold), and calprotectin (2.1 fold) concentrations were significant higher in NEC compared with the non-NEC group (p < 0.009). Accepting a minimum sensitivity of 0.75, the positive predictive values (PPVs) ranged between 0.19 and 0.20. Combining fecal biomarkers and CRP (Day 1) could marginally increase the PPVs (0.31-0.34) but adversely lowered the sensitivity (0.54-0.63). CONCLUSIONS Although fecal miRNA biomarkers and calprotectin concentrations were significantly higher in the NEC group, the considerable overlapping of concentrations between groups and low recovery of stool specimens within 72 h of clinical presentation rendered fecal noninvasive tests of limited clinical value in guiding diagnosis of NEC during the acute phase. A further study is underway to evaluate their roles in surveillance for predicting high-risk premature infants developing NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pak Cheung Ng
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China,
| | - Kathy Yuen Yee Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hugh Simon Lam
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Raymond Pui On Wong
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Terence Ping Yuen Ma
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tony Sit
- Department of Statistics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kam Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lawrence Chi Ngong Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yennie Lap Ian Pang
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hon Ming Cheung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Winnie Chiu Wing Chu
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karen Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
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36
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Angelini MC, Silva AME, Felix TF, Lapa RML, Terra SA, Rodrigues MAM, Ortolan EVP, Reis PP, Lourenção PLTA. Identification of potential molecular pathogenesis mechanisms modulated by microRNAs in patients with Intestinal Neuronal Dysplasia type B. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17673. [PMID: 31776429 PMCID: PMC6881445 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54245-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study proposed to determine global microRNA (miRNA) expression and miRNA-regulated pathways in Intestinal Neuronal Dysplasia type B (IND-B). Fifty patients (0–15 years old) with IND-B were included in the study. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all 50 patients and from 10 healthy asymptomatic children (controls). Rectal biopsies were collected from 29/50 patients; biopsy tissues were needle microdissected to isolate the different intestinal layers, for molecular analysis. Global miRNA expression was determined using TaqMan arrays. Correlation analysis between miRNA expression in plasma and biopsy samples as well as among tissues derived from the distinct intestinal layers was performed. Computational approaches were used for miRNA target prediction/identification of miRNA-regulated genes and enriched pathways biologically relevant to IND-B pathogenesis. miRNAs were statistically significantly deregulated (FC ≥ 2 and p ≤ 0.05) in submucosal and muscular layers: over-expressed (miR-146a and miR-146b) and under-expressed (miR-99a, miR-100, miR-130a, miR-133b, miR-145, miR-365, miR-374-5p, miR-451). Notably, let-7a-5p was highly over-expressed in patient plasma compared to healthy controls (FC = 17.4). In addition, miR-451 was significantly under-expressed in both plasma and all biopsy tissues from the same patients. Enriched pathways (p < 0.01) were axon guidance, nerve growth factor signalling, NCAM signalling for neurite out-growth, neuronal system and apoptosis. miRNA expression is deregulated in the submucosa and muscular layers of the rectum and detected in plasma from patients with IND-B. Biologically enriched pathways regulated by the identified miRNAs may play a role in IND-B disease pathogenesis, due to the activity related to the neurons of the enteric nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos C Angelini
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Alana Maia E Silva
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Tainara F Felix
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.,UNESP - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Medicine, Experimental Research Unity (UNIPEX), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Rainer M L Lapa
- Institute of Livestock and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Toribio Rodriguez de Mendoza National University, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Simone A Terra
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria A M Rodrigues
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Erika V P Ortolan
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia P Reis
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.,UNESP - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Medicine, Experimental Research Unity (UNIPEX), Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro L T A Lourenção
- UNESP - São Paulo State University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
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37
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Systematic large-scale meta-analysis identifies miRNA-429/200a/b and miRNA-141/200c clusters as biomarkers for necrotizing enterocolitis in newborn. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20191503. [PMID: 31383782 PMCID: PMC6757181 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a critical neonatal disease with a high mortality. The possibility that miRNAs may play an important role in NEC has raised great attention. Hence, the present study identified biomarkers that affected NEC in newborn progression through miRNA and gene expression profile analysis. miRNA chip GSE68054 and gene chip GSE46619 of NEC in newborn were analyzed to screen out differentially expressed miRNA and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Next, target genes of differentially expressed miRNA were predicted, and differentially expressed miRNA-DEG regulatory network was constructed to select key miRNAs. After gene ontology and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis on target genes of key miRNAs, the target genes enriched in pathways were extracted to establish differentially expressed miRNA-DEG-disease gene network for gene interaction analysis. Targetting relationship between miRNAs and target genes was verified. A total of 15 miRNAs were differentially expressed in NEC in newborn, amongst which miR-429/200a/b and miR-141/200c clusters were poorly expressed and might play a significant role in NEC in newborn. Besides, target genes of miR-429/200a/b and miR-141/200c clusters were enriched in 11 signaling pathways. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA), E-selectin (SELE), kinase insert domain receptor (KDR), fms-related tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1), and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were highly expressed in NEC in newborn, which were negatively regulated by miR-429/200a/b and miR-141/200c clusters and shared close association with disease genes. miR-429/200a/b and miR-141/200c clusters are poorly expressed while their target genes (VEGFA, SELE, KDR, FLT1, and HGF) are highly expressed in NEC in newborn, which might be identified as important biomarkers for this disease.
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38
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Buonpane C, Ares G, Benyamen B, Yuan C, Hunter CJ. Identification of suitable reference microRNA for qPCR analysis in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Physiol Genomics 2019; 51:169-175. [PMID: 30978148 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00126.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) accounts for 10-15% of IBD and is associated with considerable morbidity for patients. Dysregulated microRNAs (miRNA, miR), small noncoding RNA molecules that modulate gene expression, have been the target of research in IBD diagnosis, surveillance, and therapy. Proper selection of reference genes, which are a prerequisite for accurate measurement of miRNA expression, is currently lacking. We hypothesize that appropriate normalization requires unique reference genes for different tissue and disease types. Through the study of 28 pediatric intestinal samples, we sought to create a protocol for selection of suitable endogenous reference genes. Candidate reference genes (miR-16, 193a, 27a, 103a, 191) were analyzed by RT-quantitative (q)PCR. Criteria used for designation of suitable reference genes were as follows: 1) ubiquitous: present in all tissue samples with quantification cycle value 15-35; 2) uniform expression: no differential expression between control and disease samples (P > 0.05); 3) stability: stability value <0.5 by NormFinder. Our results suggest the use of miR-27a/191 for Crohn's disease small bowel, none of the five candidate genes for Crohn's disease colon, and miR-16/27a for ulcerative colitis. Additionally, target miR-874 had differential expression when normalized with different reference genes. Our results demonstrate that reference gene choice for qPCR analysis has a significant effect on study results and that proper data normalization is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie Buonpane
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois.,Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Guillermo Ares
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Beshoy Benyamen
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois.,Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Carrie Yuan
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Catherine J Hunter
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, Illinois.,Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
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39
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Ng PC, Chan KYY, Yuen TP, Sit T, Lam HS, Leung KT, Wong RPO, Chan LCN, Pang YLI, Cheung HM, Chu WCW, Li K. Plasma miR-1290 Is a Novel and Specific Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Necrotizing Enterocolitis-Biomarker Discovery with Prospective Cohort Evaluation. J Pediatr 2019; 205:83-90.e10. [PMID: 30529132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To discover specific circulating microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers for the early differentiation of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) from neonatal sepsis and inflammatory conditions. STUDY DESIGN The study comprised 3 distinct phases: differential microarray analysis to compare plasma miRNA expression profiles of NEC vs sepsis and non-NEC/nonsepsis cases, a case-control study to quantify dysregulated miRNAs as potential specific biomarkers of NEC, and a prospective cohort study to assess the diagnostic usefulness of the best miRNA biomarker(s). RESULTS A distinct miRNA expression profile was observed in the NEC compared with the sepsis and non-NEC/nonsepsis groups. miR-1290, miR-1246, and miR-375 were discovered to be specific biomarkers of NEC in the case-control study. In the cohort study (n = 301), plasma miR-1290 (day 0; >220 copies/µL) provided the greatest diagnostic usefulness for identifying both mild medical and severe surgical NEC cases. Of 20 infants with miR-1290 >650 copies/µL, 15 were diagnosed with NEC. Incorporating C-reactive protein (day 1; >15.8 mg/L) for cases with intermediate levels (220-650 copies/µL) in a 2-stage algorithm further optimized the diagnostic profile with a sensitivity of 0.83, a specificity of 0.96, a positive predictive value of 0.75, and a negative predictive value of 0.98. Importantly, 7 of 36 infants with NEC (19.4%) could be diagnosed 7.8-32.2 hours earlier (median, 13.3 hours) using miR-1290. CONCLUSIONS Plasma miR-1290 is a novel and specific biomarker that can effectively differentiate NEC cases from neonatal sepsis. miR-1290 facilitates neonatologists to confidently and timely reach a decision for early transfer of sick infants with NEC from community-based hospitals to tertiary surgical centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pak Cheung Ng
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
| | - Kathy Yuen Yee Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Terence Ping Yuen
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Tony Sit
- Department of Statistics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Hugh Simon Lam
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Kam Tong Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Raymond Pui On Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Lawrence Chi Ngong Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Yennie Lap Ian Pang
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Hon Ming Cheung
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Winnie Chiu Wing Chu
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
| | - Karen Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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40
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Wu YZ, Chan KYY, Leung KT, Lam HS, Tam YH, Lee KH, Li K, Ng PC. Dysregulation of miR-431 and target gene FOXA1 in intestinal tissues of infants with necrotizing enterocolitis. FASEB J 2019; 33:5143-5152. [PMID: 30624964 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801470r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The level of microRNA (miR)-431 was found to be markedly up-regulated in intestinal tissue of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The objective of this study was to identify the target gene of miR-431 and to investigate the role of the miR-431-FOXA1 axis in the pathophysiology of NEC. The target gene of miR-431 was identified by in silico target prediction bioinformatics, luciferase assay, and Western blotting. Effects of miR-431 on downstream expression signals, cell proliferation, and apoptosis were investigated by overexpression in Caco-2 cells upon stimulation by LPS or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). FOXA1 was identified as the target gene of miR-431. Overexpression of miR-431 in Caco-2 cells significantly inhibited FOXA1, ESRRG, and HNF4A and activated IL-6, LGR5, NFKB2, PLA2G2A, PRKCZ, and TNF. IL-8 and - 10 were enhanced when costimulated with LPS or LTA. These potential downstream genes were also significantly dysregulated in primary NEC tissues compared with surgical-control tissues. Overexpression of miR-431 significantly decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of Caco-2 cells. A proposed network of miR-431-FOXA1 interaction with LPS and LTA receptors demonstrates dysregulation of transcription factors, inflammatory mediators, epithelium tight junction regulators, and cell proliferation and apoptosis signals. The miR-431-FOXA1 axis could in part be responsible for the intensification of the inflammatory response in NEC tissues and contribute to the proinflammatory pathophysiology.-Wu, Y. Z., Chan, K. Y. Y., Leung, K. T., Lam, H. S., Tam, Y. H., Lee, K. H., Li, K., Ng, P. C. Dysregulation of miR-431 and target gene FOXA1 in intestinal tissues of infants with necrotizing enterocolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng Wu
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; and
| | - Kathy Yuen Yee Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; and
| | - Kam Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; and
| | - Hugh Simon Lam
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; and
| | - Yuk Him Tam
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Kim Hung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Karen Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; and
| | - Pak Cheung Ng
- Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong; and
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41
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Zhou T, Yu Q, Sun C, Wang Y, Zhong Y, Wang G. A pilot study of blood microRNAs and lung function in young healthy adults with fine particulate matter exposure. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:7073-7080. [PMID: 30746254 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.12.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Fine particulate exposure (PM2.5) is a risk factor of pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the mechanism underlying was not clear. Recent studies found blood microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential indicators of either COPD or PM2.5 exposure, but these results had no unified conclusions. We suggested it was more targeted to find disease related miRNAs first and then observe them during PM2.5 exposure. Firstly, in order to screen COPD associated miRNAs, we identified differentially expressed blood miRNAs contrasting COPD participants (n=6) without diagnose of COPD or related treatment before and matched control (n=6). In total, 21 miRNAs were differentially expressed in COPD individuals and expression of miR-495-3p, miR-223-5p and miR-194-3p were further validated using qRT-PCR. The results showed miR-495-3p and miR-223-5p significantly increased whereas miR-194-3p decreased marginally (P=0.058) in COPD participants. Secondly, in order to recognize the relevance between these miRNAs and PM2.5 exposure, we designed an independent time-series study nested within "low-high-low" pollution levels. The expression of blood miR-495-3p, miR-223-5p and miR-194-3p were detected before and after exposure (n=8). The results showed expression of miR-223-5p increased significantly while expression of miR-194-3p decreased significantly after exposure. The Pearson analysis showed only miR-194-3p showed a positive statistically correlation with lag0-1 forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) during exposure of PM2.5. So miR-194-3p might be a potential regulator in the toxicological pathways of both PM2.5 exposure and COPD. As this was a pilot study, formal and large-scale studies should be planned in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Yunxia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Yijue Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing100034, China
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Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a devastating surgical emergency with high morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Slow but steady progress has been made in past years searching for novel biomarkers of NEC, for both surveillance and diagnostic purposes. This review primarily focuses on recent discoveries: clinical applications of different categories of biomarkers for surveillance, early diagnosis, and predicting severity and prognosis; and understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms as a basis to rationalize the search for 'gut-associated specific biomarkers' of NEC. An important next step is to collaborate with our industrial partners to develop point-of-care tests, and to discover novel and gut-associated specific biomarkers that can be used for surveillance and early diagnosis of NEC in routine clinical settings.
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Necrotizing enterocolitis comes in different forms: Historical perspectives and defining the disease. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 23:370-373. [PMID: 30100524 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The specific cause of what is commonly referred to as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) disease has been elusive largely because it is becoming clear that this entity represents more than one disease with multifactorial pathogenic mechanisms. Furthermore, finding clear and consistent diagnostic biomarkers will be difficult until the different subsets of what we are calling this disease are better delineated. In this introductory chapter, we discuss different disease entities that are frequently termed "NEC" in the newborn infant. We hope this will set the stage for more focused research and development of preventative measures for at least the most common forms of this disease.
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Cuna A, George L, Sampath V. Genetic predisposition to necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants: Current knowledge, challenges, and future directions. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 23:387-393. [PMID: 30292709 PMCID: PMC6626706 DOI: 10.1016/j.siny.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of genetics in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) was initially informed by epidemiological data indicating differences in prevalence among different ethnic groups as well as concordance in twins. These early observations, together with major advances in genomic research, paved the way for studies that begin to reveal the contribution of genetics to NEC. Using the candidate gene or pathway approach, several potential pathogenic variants for NEC in premature infants have already been identified. More recently, genome-wide association studies and exome-sequencing based studies for NEC have been reported. These advances, however, are tempered by the lack of adequately powered replication cohorts to validate the accuracy of these discoveries. Despite many challenges, genetic research in NEC is expected to increase, providing new insights into its pathogenesis and bringing the promise of personalized care closer to reality. In this review we provide a summary of genetic studies in NEC along with defining the challenges and possible future approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Venkatesh Sampath
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA.
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45
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Yin Y, Qin Z, Xu X, Liu X, Zou H, Wu X, Cao J. Inhibition of miR‐124 improves neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis via an MYPT1 and TLR9 signal regulation mechanism. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:10218-10224. [PMID: 30480807 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyu Yin
- Department of General Surgery Xuzhou Children's Hospital Xuzhou China
| | - Zhenfang Qin
- Department of General Surgery Xuzhou Children's Hospital Xuzhou China
| | - Xiaobing Xu
- Department of General Surgery Xuzhou Children's Hospital Xuzhou China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of General Surgery Xuzhou Children's Hospital Xuzhou China
| | - Huaxin Zou
- Department of General Surgery Xuzhou Children's Hospital Xuzhou China
| | - Xiaole Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology Xuzhou Children's Hospital Xuzhou China
| | - Junhua Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine Xuzhou Children's Hospital Xuzhou China
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46
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Mazzeo A, Beltramo E, Lopatina T, Gai C, Trento M, Porta M. Molecular and functional characterization of circulating extracellular vesicles from diabetic patients with and without retinopathy and healthy subjects. Exp Eye Res 2018; 176:69-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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47
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Ohsaka F, Sonoyama K. Murine intestinal organoids resemble intestinal epithelium in their microRNA profiles. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2018; 82:1560-1567. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2018.1469397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Intestinal organoids were established as an ex vivo model of the intestinal epithelium. We investigated whether organoids resemble the intestinal epithelium in their microRNA (miRNA) profiles. Total RNA samples were obtained from crypt and villus fractions in murine intestine and from cultured organoids. Microarray analysis showed that organoids largely resembled intestinal epithelial cells in their miRNA profiles. In silico prediction followed by qRT-PCR suggested that six genes are regulated by corresponding miRNAs along the crypt-villus axis, suggesting miRNA regulation of epithelial cell renewal in the intestine. However, such expression patterns of miRNAs and their target mRNAs were not reproduced during organoids maturation. This might be due to lack of luminal factors and endocrine, nervous, and immune systems in organoids and different cell populations between in vivo epithelium and organoids. Nevertheless, we propose that intestinal organoids provide a useful in vitro model to investigate miRNA expression in intestinal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumina Ohsaka
- Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University , Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kei Sonoyama
- Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Division of Fundamental AgriScience Research, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University , Sapporo, Japan
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Zhou T, Zhong Y, Hu Y, Sun C, Wang Y, Wang G. PM 2.5 downregulates miR-194-3p and accelerates apoptosis in cigarette-inflamed bronchial epithelium by targeting death-associated protein kinase 1. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:2339-2349. [PMID: 30122914 PMCID: PMC6078088 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s168629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Persistent exposure to cigarette smoke or biomass fuels induces oxidative stress and apoptosis in bronchial epithelium, which is one of the most important pathogenic mechanisms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is an aggravating risk factor of COPD exacerbation. Animal evidence showed PM2.5accelerated lung inflammation and oxidative stress in COPD mice, but the mechanism is still not clear. Recently, we found that miR-194-3p is a novel biomarker of both COPD and PM2.5 exposure, and miR-194 family has been reported to be involved in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Thus, we propose a hypothesis: PM2.5 can accelerate apoptotic response of airway epithelial cells in COPD and miR-194 is a potential involved regulator. Materials and methods Human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEpiCs) were treated with normal media, cigarette smoke solution (CSS) and PM2.5-CSS for 24 h. miR-194-3p mimics, inhibitors and scrambled controls were non-transfected or pre-transfected into HBEpiCs for 48 h. MircroRNAs and mRNA expression were quantified by qRT-PCR. Protein expression was analyzed by western blotting. Caspase activities, mitochondrial membrane potential and TUNEL-positive cells were detected to analyze apoptosis. Bioinformatics and luciferase analysis were used to identify the predicted binding site of miR-194-3p and potential targets. Results In our study, we found that PM2.5 significantly aggravated apoptosis in cigarette-inflamed HBEpiCs. miR-194-3p was dramatically downregulated in PM2.5-CSS-treated HBEpiCs. Bioinformatics and luciferase experiments reported that death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1), regulating caspase 3 activities in apoptosis, was directly targeted by miR-194-3p. Inhibition of miR-194-3p increased DAPK1 expression and apoptosis in normal HBEpiCs. Importantly, overexpression of miR-194-3p suppressed apoptosis in PM2.5-CSS HBEpiCs. Conclusion These results suggested that miR-194-3p was a protective regulator involved in apoptosis pathway and a potential therapeutic target for treatment of bronchial epithelial injury aggravation induced by PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China,
| | - Yijue Zhong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China,
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China,
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China,
| | - Yunxia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China,
| | - Guangfa Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China,
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Oxidative Stress and Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Pathogenetic Mechanisms, Opportunities for Intervention, and Role of Human Milk. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7397659. [PMID: 30057683 PMCID: PMC6051049 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7397659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review will examine the role of oxidative stress (OS) in the pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and explore potential preventive and therapeutic antioxidant strategies. Preterm infants are particularly exposed to OS as a result of several perinatal stimuli and constitutive defective antioxidant defenses. For this reason, OS damage represents a contributing factor to several complications of prematurity, including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Being NEC a multifactorial disease, OS may act as downstream component of the pathogenetic cascade. To counteract OS in preterm infants with NEC, several antioxidant strategies have been proposed and different antioxidant compounds have been experimented. It is well known that human milk (HM) is an important source of antioxidants. At the same time, the role of an exclusive HM diet is well recognized in the prevention of NEC. However, donor HM (DHM) processing may impair antioxidant properties. As DHM is becoming a common nutritional intervention for high risk PI, the antioxidant status of preterm and DHM and potential ways to preserve its antioxidant capacity may merit further investigation.
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50
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Chen G, Li Y, Su Y, Zhou L, Zhang H, Shen Q, Du C, Li H, Wen Z, Xia Y, Tang W. Identification of candidate genes for necrotizing enterocolitis based on microarray data. Gene 2018; 661:152-159. [PMID: 29605607 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most serious diseases that could threaten the life of neonates. However the current opinions about the pathogenesis or how to prevent or treat the disease are still ambiguous. The purpose of the present study was to identify the key genes of this disease and provide new insights into the mechanism of NEC. The gene expression data of GSE46619, including 5 specimens from NEC patients and 4 samples from surgical-control infants, were collected from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened with regard to NEC versus surgical-control group using Limma package in R software and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and pathway enrichment analysis were conducted by means of Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) website subsequently. Furthermore the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network for DEGs was constructed using Cytoscape software and the most highly connected module was extracted using MCODE plugin from the PPI network. Moreover, the significantly enriched sub-pathways were identified using iSubpathwayMiner package in R software. A total of 2629 DEGs were screened out between NEC and control samples, including 367 up-regulated genes and 2262 down-regulated genes and they involved in different GO terms and pathways which may be associated with NEC onset and progression. PPI network and module analysis revealed that several genes were defined as hub genes including AGT, IL8 and KNG1. The sub-pathway analysis screened out 189 significantly enriched sub-pathways, including Tryptophan metabolism, Fatty acid metabolism, and Arachidonic acid metabolism. Genes in the corresponding sub-pathway, such as ACACB and CAT were regarded as critical genes in NEC. QRT-PCR was also conducted to identify the expression of the five key genes (AGT, IL8, KNG1, ACACB and CAT) in NEC samples. These findings have identified several hub genes (e.g., AGT, IL8, KNG1, ACACB and CAT) which were presumed to serve critical roles in NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Qiyang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chunxia Du
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hongxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zechao Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology (Nanjing Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Weibing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.
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