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Ma Y, Liu Y, Chen W, Li F, Guo R, Ji R, Chen J. Carbon quantum dot-induced developmental toxicity in Daphnia magna involves disturbance of symbiotic microorganisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166825. [PMID: 37673252 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing synthesis and application of carbon quantum dots (CQDs), their prevalence as pollution in water environments has increased. However, the toxic effects of CQDs on aquatic organisms are unclear, and their environmental safety must be evaluated. Herein, Daphnia magna was used as a model organism to explore the developmental toxicity of CQDs under a full life-cycle exposure. It was found that the feeding rate and offing number of D. magna decreased with increasing CQD concentration, and the body length of D. magna showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. These results indicated that long-term exposure to CQDs has evident toxic effects on D. magna development. Symbiosis analysis showed that the composition of the symbiotic microbial community of D. magna was disturbed by CQDs. The abundance of microorganisms involved in the immune response of D. magna such as Rhodobacter, decreased; those involved in the inflammation such as Gemmobacter, increased; and those involved in the nitrogen cycle, such as Hydrogenophaga and Paracoccus, decreased. When D. magna was subjected to environmental pressure, host-microflora interactive immune regulation was induced. The abundance of probiotics in D. magna, such as Rhodococcus, increased in response to environmental pressure. The results of KEGG function prediction showed that the abundance of symbiotic microorganisms involved in energy absorption and metabolism was affected by CQDs. In addition, the correlation analysis showed that there was a correlation between the changes in the symbiotic microbial community and the damage to D. magna after exposure to CQDs. Thus, it is appealed that as a potential environmental pollutant, CQDs have aquatic environmental risks, and their safe application deserves attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Ma
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wenling Chen
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruixin Guo
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Dyomin V, Morgalev Y, Morgalev S, Morgaleva T, Davydova A, Polovtsev I, Kirillov N, Olshukov A, Kondratova O. Features of phototropic response of zooplankton to paired photostimulation under adverse environmental conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:503. [PMID: 36952065 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that the change in the plankton response to light could be an indicator of environmental pollution. This study experimentally reveals that the response of Daphnia magna Straus and Daphnia pulex plankton ensembles to photostimulation depends on the intensity of the attracting light. This makes it difficult to identify the occurrence and change of pollutant concentration. The large variability in the magnitude of the behavioral response is caused by the nonlinear response of plankton ensembles to the intensity of the attractor stimulus. As the intensity of the photostimulation increases, the variability of the phototropic response passes through increase, decrease, and relative stabilization phases. The paper proposes a modification of the photostimulation method-paired photostimulation involving successive exposure to two photostimuli of increasing intensity. The first stimulus stabilizes the behavioral response, while the increase in response to the second stimulus makes it possible to more accurately assess the responsiveness of the plankton ensemble. The paper studies the sensitivity of the method of paired stimulation of the behavioral response of different types of freshwater plankton ensembles: Daphnia magna Straus, Daphnia pulex to the effects of pollutants (potassium bichromate, microplastic). The study demonstrates good reliability and increased sensitivity of this method of detecting changes in environmental toxicity compared to single photostimulation or traditional bioindication through the survival rate of test organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Dyomin
- Laboratory for Radiophysical and Optical Methods of Environmental Research, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Yuri Morgalev
- Center for Biotesting of Nanotechnologies and Nanomaterials Safety, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Morgalev
- Center for Biotesting of Nanotechnologies and Nanomaterials Safety, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tamara Morgaleva
- Center for Biotesting of Nanotechnologies and Nanomaterials Safety, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexandra Davydova
- Laboratory for Radiophysical and Optical Methods of Environmental Research, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Igor Polovtsev
- Laboratory for Radiophysical and Optical Methods of Environmental Research, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay Kirillov
- Laboratory for Radiophysical and Optical Methods of Environmental Research, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Alexey Olshukov
- Laboratory for Radiophysical and Optical Methods of Environmental Research, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Oksana Kondratova
- Center for Biotesting of Nanotechnologies and Nanomaterials Safety, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
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Dyomin V, Morgalev Y, Polovtsev I, Davydova A, Morgalev S, Kirillov N, Morgaleva T, Olshukov A. Phototropic response features for different systematic groups of mesoplankton under adverse environmental conditions. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:16487-16498. [PMID: 34938451 PMCID: PMC8668779 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Current trends in the application of bioindication methods are related to the use of submersible tools that perform real-time measurements directly in the studied aquatic environment. The methods based on the registration of changes in the behavioral responses of zooplankton, in particular Crustaceans, which make up the vast majority of the biomass in water areas, seem quite promising. However, the multispecies composition of natural planktonic biocenoses poses the need to consider the potential difference in the sensitivity of organisms to pollutants. This paper describes laboratory studies of the phototropic response of plankton to attracting light. The studies were carried out on a model natural community that in equal amounts includes Daphnia magna, Daphnia pulex, and Cyclops vicinus, as well as on the monoculture groups of these species. The phototropic response was initiated by the attracting light with a wavelength of 532 nm close to the local maximum of the reflection spectrum of chlorella microalgae. Standard potassium bichromate was used as the model pollutant. The largest phototropic response value is registered in the assemblage. The concentration growth rate of crustaceans in the illuminated volume was 4.5 ± 0.3 ind (L min)-1. Of the studied species, the phototropic response was mostly expressed in Daphnia magna (3.7 ± 0.4 ind (L min)-1), while in Daphnia pulex, it was reduced to 2.4 ± 0.2 ind (L min)-1, and in Cyclops vicinus, it was very small-0.16 ± 0.02 ind (L min)-1. This is caused by peculiar trophic behavior of phyto- and zoophages. The addition of a pollutant, namely potassium bichromate, caused a decrease in the concentration rate of crustaceans in the attracting light zone, while a dose-dependent change in phototropic responses was observed in a group of species and the Daphnia magna assemblage. The results of laboratory studies showed high potential of using the phototropic response of zooplankton to monitor the quality of its habitat thus ensuring the early diagnostics of water pollution. Besides, the paper shows the possibility of quantifying the phototropic response of zooplankton using submersible digital holographic cameras (DHC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Dyomin
- Laboratory for Radiophysical and Optical Methods of Environmental ResearchNational Research Tomsk State UniversityTomskRussia
| | - Yuri Morgalev
- Biotest‐Nano CenterNational Research Tomsk State UniversityTomskRussia
| | - Igor Polovtsev
- Laboratory for Radiophysical and Optical Methods of Environmental ResearchNational Research Tomsk State UniversityTomskRussia
| | - Alexandra Davydova
- Laboratory for Radiophysical and Optical Methods of Environmental ResearchNational Research Tomsk State UniversityTomskRussia
- Laboratory of Environmental Remote SensingV.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of ScienceTomskRussia
| | - Sergey Morgalev
- Biotest‐Nano CenterNational Research Tomsk State UniversityTomskRussia
| | - Nikolay Kirillov
- Laboratory for Radiophysical and Optical Methods of Environmental ResearchNational Research Tomsk State UniversityTomskRussia
| | - Tamara Morgaleva
- Biotest‐Nano CenterNational Research Tomsk State UniversityTomskRussia
| | - Alexey Olshukov
- Laboratory for Radiophysical and Optical Methods of Environmental ResearchNational Research Tomsk State UniversityTomskRussia
- Laboratory of Environmental Remote SensingV.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of ScienceTomskRussia
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Wan L, Long Y, Hui J, Zhang H, Hou Z, Tan J, Pan Y, Sun S. Effect of norfloxacin on algae-cladoceran grazer-larval damselfly food chains: Algal morphology-mediated trophic cascades. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 256:127166. [PMID: 32559891 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic norfloxacin (NOR) has recently been demonstrated to affect the swimming behavior of zooplankton species and phytoplankton-zooplankton interactions, which may further affect trophic cascades. To test this hypothesis, two food chains (Scenedesmus quadricauda-Daphnia magna-larval damselfly and Chlorella vulgaris-D. magna-larval damselfly) were used to examine the effect of NOR concentrations (0, 0.5, 5, and 25 mg L-1) on trophic cascades. In the absence of NOR, larval damselflies reduced grazer density and increased algal density, regardless of algal species. In the presence of NOR, increasing NOR concentration strengthened the positive effect of larval damselflies on the growth of C. vulgaris because larval damselflies suppressed grazer density more efficiently resulting from reduced swimming ability in the grazers. Conversely, increasing NOR concentration reduced the positive effect on the growth of S. quadricauda due to inhibited grazer-induced colony formation in S. quadricauda. Therefore, exposure to NOR altered the direction and strength of trophic cascades and showed species-specific differences, depending on algal morphology-mediated indirect interactions. These findings provide novel insights into how NOR affects aquatic food chains and reveal the importance of algal traits in determining trophic cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wan
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Yaoyue Long
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Jin Hui
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Life Science, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Zhiyong Hou
- Dongting Lake Station for Wetland Ecosystem Research, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China
| | - Jiexin Tan
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Ying Pan
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China.
| | - Shucun Sun
- Department of Biology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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Pan Y, Zhang Y, Sun S. Habitat orientation alters the outcome of interspecific competition: A microcosm study with zooplankton grazers. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:3254-3269. [PMID: 29607022 PMCID: PMC5869365 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 12/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Habitat orientation has recently been demonstrated to affect the foraging behavior, growth, and production of plankton grazers. Because the orientation effect may vary with species, we hypothesize that habitat orientation may alter interspecific interactions between animal species. We experimentally investigated how habitat orientation (placing cuboid chambers in three orientations with long, medium, and small side as the chamber height) affected the interaction between two common cladoceran species, Daphnia magna and Moina micrura, which competitively exploited green algae of Chlorella pyrenoidosa at two volume scales (64 and 512 ml). Results show that chamber orientation and volume additively affected the behavior and species performance of the grazers. Specifically, both grazer species generally decreased their average swimming velocity, grazing rate (on algal cells), body size, and survival and reproduction rates with increasing chamber height for both chamber volumes and with decreasing chamber volume regardless of chamber orientation. Nevertheless, the decrease magnitude was greater for M. micrura with increasing chamber height but was greater for D. magna with decreasing chamber volume. Correspondingly, when cocultured, the density ratio of D. magna to M. micrura increased with increasing chamber height but decreased with decreasing chamber volume. At the end of the experiment, none of D. magna individuals survived in the small and short (large-based) chambers, and few M. micrura individuals survived in large and tall (small-based) chambers. These results indicate that both habitat orientation and size affect the outcome of interspecific competition between grazer species. We suggest that variation in habitat orientation may improve community coexistence and species diversity in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Pan
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded EnvironmentsSchool of Ecology and Environmental SciencesYunnan UniversityKunmingChina
- Department of EcologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yunshu Zhang
- Department of EcologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Shucun Sun
- Department of EcologySchool of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
- ECORES LabChengdu Institute of BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesChengduChina
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Bownik A. Daphnia swimming behaviour as a biomarker in toxicity assessment: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 601-602:194-205. [PMID: 28551538 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Daphnia is a motile common model organism widely used in ecotoxicological testing. Although mortality and immobilisation are the main endpoints used for determination of toxicity, detection of subtle alterations induced by some chemicals particularly at lower levels may require more sensitive biomarkers. As a number of studies indicated that swimming behaviour may be altered by pesticides, nanoparticles, bacterial products or other chemicals, analysis of its various parameters is considered as a novel methodological approach for toxicity assessment and monitoring of water quality. This paper presents the current state of knowledge on the effects induced by various chemical compounds on the parameters of swimming behaviour of Daphnia and systems developed for its analysis. Advantages and limitations of swimming behaviour as a tool in toxicological studies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Bownik
- Department of Biological Basis of Animal Production, Faculty of Biology, Animal Science and Bioeconomy, University of Life Sciences, Akademicka Str 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
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Zhang Y, Pan Y, Chen H, Hu Z, Sun S. Microcosm experimental evidence that habitat orientation affects phytoplankton-zooplankton dynamics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1443. [PMID: 28473696 PMCID: PMC5431447 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01618-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Although spatial ecology has achieved a great success in the passing decades, the importance of habitat orientation has not been well studied, especially for its effects on prey-predator dynamics. Here, we examined the responses of zooplankton activity and grazing rate to habitat orientation and their consequences on the stability of phytoplankton-zooplankton system in a two-factor factorial experiment involving habitat orientation (three levels; small, medium, and large base area, respectively) and habitat size (64 ml and 512 ml) using two algal-grazer systems (Chlorella pyrenoidosa-Daphnia magna and C. pyrenoidosa- Moina micrura). In both systems, grazer density increased with increasing base area for a given chamber volume and with increasing chamber volume for a given orientation in the first 6 days, followed by a dramatic decrease, which corresponded to increasing the amplitude of density fluctuations in both zooplankton and phytoplankton species. Such an algal-grazer dynamics could be accounted for by the greater average swimming ability and grazing rate observed in large-based and large-volumed chambers. Our results demonstrate that habitat orientation affects the zooplankton behavior and population dynamics of both zooplankton and phytoplankton species, which further influences the stability of phytoplankton-zooplankton systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Zhang
- Department of Biology, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Ying Pan
- Department of Biology, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Hanxiang Chen
- Department of Biology, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Zhuomiao Hu
- Department of Biology, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Shucun Sun
- Department of Biology, Nanjing University, 22 Hankou Road, Nanjing, 210093, China. .,Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 9 Section 4 Renminnan Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Lethal/sublethal responses of Daphnia magna to acute norfloxacin contamination and changes in phytoplankton-zooplankton interactions induced by this antibiotic. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40385. [PMID: 28079143 PMCID: PMC5227989 DOI: 10.1038/srep40385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the well-known antibiotic norfloxacin (NOR) is recognized as an important environmental pollutant, little is known about its impacts on ecological processes, particularly on species interactions. In this paper, we quantified Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Cladocera) responses in mortality rate at lethal NOR concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg L−1), and in heartbeat rate, swimming behavior and feeding rate (on the green alga Chlorella pyrenoidosa) at sublethal NOR concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 100 mg L−1) to determine the effects of this antibiotic in plankton systems. In 96-h-long lethal experiment, mortality rates of D. magna increased significantly with increasing NOR concentration and exposure time. In sublethal experiments, heartbeat rate decreased, while time ratio of vertical to horizontal swimming (TVH) and the duration of quiescence increased in D. magna individuals exposed to increasing NOR concentrations after 4 and 12 h of exposure. These collectively led to decreases in both average swimming ability and feeding rate, consistent with the positive relationship between average swimming ability and feeding rate. Overall, results indicate that, by affecting zooplankton heartbeat rate and behavior, NOR decreased feeding efficiency of D. magna even at low doses, therefore, it might seriously compromise ecosystem health and function.
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