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Abstract
Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by the presence of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) in the bone marrow accompanied by a monoclonal immunoglobulin type M (IgM) in the serum. WM was first described only 80 years ago and became reportable in the US as a malignancy in 1988. Very little systematic research was conducted prior to 2000 to characterize incidence, clinical characteristics, risk factors or diagnostic and prognostic criteria, and there were essentially no WM-specific clinical interventional trials. Since the inaugural meeting of the International Workshop in Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia (IWWM) in 2000, WM has become the focus of a steadily increasing and productive body of research, engaging a growing number of investigators throughout the world. This introductory overview provides summary of the current understanding of the epidemiology of WM/LPL as a backdrop for a series of consensus panel recommendations arising from research presented at the 11th IWWM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary L McMaster
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Department of Health and Human Services, Commissioned Corps of the United States Public Health Service, Washington, DC.
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Fontanilles M, Marguet F, Bohers É, Viailly PJ, Dubois S, Bertrand P, Camus V, Mareschal S, Ruminy P, Maingonnat C, Lepretre S, Veresezan EL, Derrey S, Tilly H, Picquenot JM, Laquerrière A, Jardin F. Non-invasive detection of somatic mutations using next-generation sequencing in primary central nervous system lymphoma. Oncotarget 2018. [PMID: 28636991 PMCID: PMC5564634 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) have recurrent genomic alterations. The main objective of our study was to demonstrate that targeted sequencing of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) released by PCNSL at the time of diagnosis could identify somatic mutations by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Patients and Methods PlasmacfDNA and matched tumor DNA (tDNA) from 25 PCNSL patients were sequenced using an Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine (Life Technologies®). First, patient-specific targeted sequencing of identified somatic mutations in tDNA was performed. Then, a second sequencing targeting MYD88 c.T778C was performed and compared to plasma samples from 25 age-matched control patients suffering from other types of cancer. Results According to the patient-specific targeted sequencing, eight patients (32% [95% CI 15-54%]) had detectable somatic mutations in cfDNA. Considering MYD88 sequencing, six patients had the specific c.T778C alteration detected in plasma. Using a control group, the sensitivity was 24% [9-45%] and the specificity was 100%. Tumor volume or deep brain structure involvement did not influence the detection of somatic mutations in plasma. Conclusion This pilot study provided evidence that somatic mutations can be detected by NGS in the cfDNA of a subset of patients suffering from PCNSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Fontanilles
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,INSERM U1245, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Florent Marguet
- INSERM U1245 and Hôpital Charles Nicolle, NeoVasc Team, University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, CHU-Hôpitaux de Rouen, 76031 Rouen, France.,Department of Neuropathology, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, CHU-Hôpitaux de Rouen, 76031 Rouen, France
| | - Élodie Bohers
- INSERM U1245, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Pierre-Julien Viailly
- INSERM U1245, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Sydney Dubois
- INSERM U1245, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Bertrand
- INSERM U1245, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Vincent Camus
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,INSERM U1245, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Sylvain Mareschal
- INSERM U1245, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Philippe Ruminy
- INSERM U1245, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Catherine Maingonnat
- INSERM U1245, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Stéphane Lepretre
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France
| | | | - Stéphane Derrey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, CHU-Hôpitaux de Rouen, 76031 Rouen, France
| | - Hervé Tilly
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,INSERM U1245, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, 76000 Rouen, France
| | | | - Annie Laquerrière
- INSERM U1245 and Hôpital Charles Nicolle, NeoVasc Team, University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, CHU-Hôpitaux de Rouen, 76031 Rouen, France.,Department of Neuropathology, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, CHU-Hôpitaux de Rouen, 76031 Rouen, France
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, 76000 Rouen, France.,INSERM U1245, Cancer Center Henri Becquerel, Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), University of Normandy, UNIVROUEN, 76000 Rouen, France
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Paludo J, Ansell SM. Waldenström macroglobulinemia: biology, genetics, and therapy. BLOOD AND LYMPHATIC CANCER-TARGETS AND THERAPY 2016; 6:49-58. [PMID: 31360080 PMCID: PMC6467336 DOI: 10.2147/blctt.s84157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is a distinct clinicopathologic entity characterized by the presence of a lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, a non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and IgM monoclonal gammopathy. WM is an indolent, uncommon malignancy mostly affecting the elderly. Patient outcomes have modestly improved since the introduction of rituximab to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy more than 20 years ago. However, the pivotal discovery of the somatic MYD88 L265P mutation, harbored by most patients with WM, and the somatic CXCR4 WHIM mutations, similar to germline CXCR4 mutations seen in the warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, immunodeficiency, and myelokathexis (WHIM) syndrome, present in approximately one-third of patients with WM, has fundamentally changed our understanding of this disease and expanded the potential therapeutic targets. Within this new paradigm, ibrutinib emerged as a promising new drug. Ibrutinib targets Bruton’s tyrosine kinase, a downstream protein in the B-cell receptor pathway that is overactivated by the MYD88 L265P mutation. A seminal Phase II trial of ibrutinib in previously treated WM patients showed impressive response rates and confirmed the effects of MYD88 L265P and CXCR4 WHIM mutations in response to therapy. Ibrutinib is the first and only US Food and Drug Administration–approved drug specifically for the treatment of WM. However, before ibrutinib can be established as the standard of care for WM, long-term data regarding efficacy and safety are required. Further research to address ibrutinib resistance and cost-effectiveness is also imperative before ibrutinib can gain widespread acceptance. This review will cover the present pathophysiologic understanding of WM in light of the recent MYD88 and CXCR4 discovery, as well as current and emergent treatment regimens with focus on ibrutinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Paludo
- Division of Hematology, .,Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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