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Pan Y, Le J, Lan L, Wang Y, Liu G, Shen X, Ren P, Chen J, Han F. Hydroxychloroquine Induces Remission for IgA Nephropathy With Mild to Moderate Proteinuria: A Single-Centered Retrospective Analysis. Cureus 2024; 16:e53395. [PMID: 38314382 PMCID: PMC10833060 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) influences both toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling and leukocyte activation, which are speculated to play a role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). METHODS This is a single-centered retrospective study involving 426 IgAN patients diagnosed from May 2016 to August 2020. All patients were matched according to a propensity score matching (PSM) to produce three groups: renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) group (RAASi only), corticosteroids group (corticosteroids only or combined with RAASi), and HCQ group (HCQ only or combined with RAASi), consisting of 63 patients for each group. RESULTS After PSM, the median urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) of overall patients was 0.91 g/g, while their median serum creatinine was 87.00 μmol/L. After the median follow-up period of 11.03 months, the total remission rates of the RAASi group, corticosteroids group, and HCQ groups were 49.21% (n = 31), 74.60% (n = 47), and 52.38% (n = 33), respectively (p = 0.017). Thirteen (6.88%) patients experienced a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of more than 25% from baseline, including six (9.52%) patients in the RAASi group, three (4.76%) patients in the corticosteroids group, and four (6.35%) patients in HCQ group (p = 0.677). One (1.59%) patient in the HCQ group had blurred vision and continued to use HCQ after ruling out retinal lesions by ophthalmic examination. CONCLUSION HCQ is effective in inducing remission and well-tolerated in IgAN patients with mild to moderate proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Pan
- Nephrology, Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHN
| | - Jingyun Le
- Nephrology, Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHN
| | - Lan Lan
- Nephrology, Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHN
| | - Yaomin Wang
- Nephrology, Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHN
| | - Guangjun Liu
- Nephrology, Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHN
| | - Xiaoqi Shen
- Nephrology, Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHN
| | - Pingping Ren
- Nephrology, Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHN
| | - Jianghua Chen
- Nephrology, Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHN
| | - Fei Han
- Nephrology, Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, CHN
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Sun K, Shang D, Hao C, Lai L. Renal outcomes in IgA nephropathy following inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Clin Exp Nephrol 2024; 28:23-30. [PMID: 37713044 DOI: 10.1007/s10157-023-02398-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are increasing case reports on de novo or relapsing IgA nephropathy (IgAN) following SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, although the follow-up information on renal outcomes in IgAN patients post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is limited. In this study, we evaluated the renal outcomes of IgAN patients following inactivated vaccines. METHODS We investigated the change in eGFR, proteinuria and hematuria in 113 primary IgAN patients post-vaccination. Worsening proteinuria was defined as an increase in proteinuria by more than 0.5 times and proteinuria > 1 g/d. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate possible predictors of worsening proteinuria. We then compared the renal outcomes of vaccinated patients after 6 months with 101 unvaccinated patients who were followed during the same period. RESULTS A 2.54% (0.64, 8.61) decrease in renal function was observed in post-vaccination patients. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant decrease in eGFR in patients with 30 ≤ eGFR < 60 (mL/min/1.73 m2) post second SARS-CoV-2 dose (n = 18, p = 0.01). In addition, 10 individuals displayed worsening proteinuria post-vaccination, with the proteinuria subsequently ameliorating significantly after 6-month. Multivariate analysis showed that higher eGFR levels was an independent protective factor for worsening proteinuria. The renal outcome tended towards a decrease in eGFR in vaccinated patients after 6 months follow-up, although the difference was not significant (p = 0.06). CONCLUSION Kidney function in IgAN patients tended to worsen after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, particularly those with initial poor kidney function. This pattern of disease flare appears to be clinically mild, and further research is needed to determine whether the impact on kidney function is long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Sun
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Da Shang
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Chuanming Hao
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - LingYun Lai
- Division of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Liu M, Bian X, Wang L, Li G. The Effect of Hydroxychloroquine on Residual Proteinuria in Patients With Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy: A Retrospective Study Based on Propensity Score Matching. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:922365. [PMID: 35872760 PMCID: PMC9299078 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.922365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThere is insufficient evidence to support the use of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) patients with high residual proteinuria in spite of 6-month supportive treatment combined with corticosteroids (P) and/or immunosuppressives (IM). This study aims to explore the effect of HCQ on residual proteinuria in IgAN.Materials and MethodsThis is a retrospective study. IgAN patients who had residual proteinuria ≥0.3 g/24 h after 6-month treatment by renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASI) + P ± IM were included. Groups were divided based on the different regimens and then matched by the propensity score matching method. The primary outcome was defined as the cumulative frequency of residual proteinuria reduction ≥30%.ResultsRASI (n = 183), HCQ + RASI (n = 59), RASI + P ± IM (n = 145), and HCQ + RASI + P ± IM (n = 38) groups were included. HCQ + RASI group had a higher level of residual proteinuria and a worse renal function than those in the RASI group. The renal function was worse in the HCQ + RASI + P ± IM group than that in the control group, but residual proteinuria levels were similar. After matching, there were 40 patients in the first two groups and 29 patients in the latter two groups, respectively. The cumulative frequency of residual proteinuria reduction ≥30% in HCQ + RASI + P ± IM group was higher than that in control group (86.2% vs. 62.1%, χ2 = 6.397, p = 0.011). HCQ combination treatment was one of independent factors.ConclusionThe addition of HCQ treatment can effectively reduce the residual proteinuria in IgAN patients previously treated with supportive treatment combined with P and IM treatment and the cumulative frequency of effective reduction of residual proteinuria can reach 86.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mijia Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chengdu, China
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xueyan Bian
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Li Wang,
| | - Guisen Li
- Department of Nephrology, Institute of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Chengdu, China
- Guisen Li,
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Tsushima H, Samejima KI, Eriguchi M, Uemura T, Tasaki H, Fukata F, Nishimoto M, Kosugi T, Tanabe K, Okamoto K, Matsui M, Tsuruya K. The association of 5-year therapeutic responsiveness with long-term renal outcome in IgA nephropathy. Clin Exp Nephrol 2022; 26:797-807. [DOI: 10.1007/s10157-022-02221-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhou C, Chen S, Li X, Ying X. WITHDRAWN: Analysis of Infection Factors and Nerve Conduction Velocity in Patients with Chronic Glomerular Disease Based on Information Health Data and Electromyography. Neurosci Lett 2020:135216. [PMID: 32603831 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canxin Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Yinzhou People's Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Siqi Chen
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xinhan Li
- Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xuxia Ying
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Yinzhou People's Hospital, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Development and assessment of a predictive nomogram for the progression of IgA nephropathy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7309. [PMID: 29743598 PMCID: PMC5943256 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25653-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is to establish a nomogram for predicting the prognosis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Of the 869 IgAN patients, four-fifths were randomly assigned to the development cohort and one-fifth to the validation cohort. The primary outcome was a composite event of either a ≥ 50% reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), end-stage renal disease or death. The mean follow-up time was 44 months. The Cox regression model identified urinary protein excretion (1–3.5 g/d, HR 11.639, 95% CI 3.601–37.625; ≥ 3.5 g/d, HR 32.435, 95% CI 10.079–104.380), eGFR (G2, HR 5.293, 95% CI 2.011–13.932; G3, HR 15.797, 95% CI 6.584–37.905; G4, HR 34.619, 95% CI 13.887–86.301; G5, HR 217.651, 95% CI 83.807–565.248), hyperuricaemia (HR 7.031, 95% CI 4.126–11.980), mesangial proliferation (HR 36.667, 95% CI 5.098–263.711), segmental glomerulosclerosis (HR 5.122, 95% CI 3.114–8.425), tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis (T1, HR 33.351, 95% CI 7.831–142.044; T2, HR 213.888, 95% CI 51.048–896.182), crescents (C1, HR 3.123, 95% CI 1.771–5.510; C2, HR 7.353, 95% CI 3.590–15.062) and glomerulosclerosis (25–49%, HR 3.123, 95% CI 1.771–5.510; ≥ 50%, HR 14.384, 95% CI 8.813–23.479) for developing the nomogram. The C-index was 0.945 (95% CI 0.914–0.976) in both the development and validation cohorts, showing good agreement between the nomogram-predicted probability and actual free-of-progression probability. Thus, our nomogram could accurately predict the progression of IgAN patients.
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Min L, Wang Q, Cao L, Zhou W, Yuan J, Zhang M, Che X, Mou S, Fang W, Gu L, Zhu M, Wang L, Yu Z, Qian J, Ni Z. Comparison of combined leflunomide and low-dose corticosteroid therapy with full-dose corticosteroid monotherapy for progressive IgA nephropathy. Oncotarget 2018; 8:48375-48384. [PMID: 28415636 PMCID: PMC5564655 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
IgA nephropathy is the most common primary glomerulonephritis and one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease. We performed a randomized, controlled, prospective, open-label trial to determine whether leflunomide combined with low-dose corticosteroid is safe and effective for the treatment of progressive IgA nephropathy, as compared to full-dose corticosteroid monotherapy. Biopsy-proved primary IgA nephropathy patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥ 30 ml/min/1.73m2 and proteinuria ≥1.0 g/24h were randomly assigned to receive leflunomide+low-dose corticosteroid (leflunomide group; n = 40) or full-dose corticosteroid (corticosteroids group; n = 45). The primary outcome was renal survival; secondary outcomes were proteinuria and adverse events. After 12 months of treatment and an average follow-up of 88 months, 11.1% vs. 7.5% of patients reached end-stage renal disease and 20% versus 10% of patients had a ≥ 50% increase in serum creatinine in the corticosteroids and leflunomide groups, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis did not reveal a between-group difference in these outcomes. Decreases in 24-hour proteinuria were similar in the two groups during the treatment period, but a more marked reduction was observed during follow-up in the leflunomide group. Although the incidence of adverse events was similar in the two groups, serious adverse events were observed only in the corticosteroid group. Thus, leflunomide combined with low-dose corticosteroid is at least as effective as corticosteroid alone for the treatment of progressive IgA nephropathy, and showed a greater reduction of proteinuria during long-term follow-up and fewer severe adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulin Min
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liou Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyan Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiangzi Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Minfang Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiajing Che
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shan Mou
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Leyi Gu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingli Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zanzhe Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Qian
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaohui Ni
- Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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