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Sun M, Zong Q, Ye LF, Fan Y, Yang L, Lin R. Prognostic factors in children with acute fulminant myocarditis receiving venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY 2022; 5:e000271. [DOI: 10.1136/wjps-2021-000271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPediatric acute fulminant myocarditis (AFM) is a very dangerous disease that may lead to acute heart failure or even sudden death. Previous reports have identified some prognostic factors in adult AFM; however, there is no such research on children with AFM on venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). This study aimed to find relevant prognostic factors for predicting adverse clinical outcomes.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed in an affiliated university children’s hospital with consecutive patients receiving VA-ECMO for AFM from July 2010 to November 2020. These children were classified into a survivor group (n=33) and a non-survivor group (n=8). Patient demographics, clinical events, laboratory findings, and electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters were analyzed.ResultsPeak serum creatinine (SCr) and peak creatine kinase isoenzyme MB during ECMO had joint predictive value for in-hospital mortality (p=0.011, AUC=0.962). Based on multivariable logistic regression analysis, peak SCr level during ECMO support was an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (OR=1.035, 95% CI 1.006 to 1.064, p=0.017, AUC=0.936, with optimal cut-off value of 78 μmol/L).ConclusionTissue hypoperfusion and consequent end-organ damage ultimately hampered the outcomes. The need for left atrial decompression indicated a sicker patient on ECMO and introduced additional risk for complications. Earlier and more cautious deployment would likely be associated with decreased risk of complications and mortality.
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Julius FEC, VAN Norel MR, Zandijk AJL, Rathwell S, Westerhout C, McAlister FA, Sepehrvand N, Voors AA, Ezekowitz JA. Is There Any Interaction Between Sex and Renal Function Change During Hospital Stay in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Heart Failure? J Card Fail 2021; 27:934-941. [PMID: 34048917 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal dysfunction is a strong predictor of outcomes in patients with acute heart failure (AHF). However, less is known about how sex may influence the prognostic import of renal function in AHF. METHODS AND RESULTS In a post hoc analysis of the ASCEND-HF trial including 5377 patients with AHF (33% female), patients were categorized into 3 groups based on the changes in renal function during their hospital stay. Worsening, stable, and improving renal functions were defined as a ≥20% decrease, a <20% change, and a ≥20% increase in the estimated glomerular filtration rate, respectively. The primary outcome was the composite of 30-day all-cause mortality or HF rehospitalization. The median baseline and discharge estimated glomerular filtration rate were 58.4 and 56.9 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. Worsening, stable, and improving renal function was observed in 31.9%, 63.2, and 4.9% of patients, respectively. Worsening renal function was associated with adverse outcomes at 30 days (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.47, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22-1.76). This association existed in both males and females (aHR 1.42 and aHR 1.56, respectively, both P < .01). There was an interaction between renal function changes and sex (P = .025), because improving renal function was associated with better outcomes in men (aHR 0.29, 95% CI 0.13-0.66) as compared with women (aHR 1.18, 95% CI 0.59-2.35). There was no interaction between the ejection fraction and renal function in association with subsequent outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Irrespective of sex, worsening renal function was associated with poorer outcomes at 30 days in patients with AHF. More studies are warranted to further delineate the possible sex differences in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florine E C Julius
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Margje R VAN Norel
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arietje J L Zandijk
- Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sarah Rathwell
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cynthia Westerhout
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Finlay A McAlister
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Patient Health Outcomes Research and Clinical Effectiveness Unit, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nariman Sepehrvand
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Adriaan A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Justin A Ezekowitz
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
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Agostoni P, Farmakis DT, García-Pinilla JM, Harjola VP, Karason K, von Lewinski D, Parissis J, Pollesello P, Pölzl G, Recio-Mayoral A, Reinecke A, Yerly P, Zima E. Haemodynamic Balance in Acute and Advanced Heart Failure: An Expert Perspective on the Role of Levosimendan. Card Fail Rev 2019; 5:155-161. [PMID: 31768272 PMCID: PMC6848932 DOI: 10.15420/cfr.2019.01.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute and advanced heart failure are associated with substantial adverse short- and longer-term prognosis. Both conditions necessitate complex treatment choices to restore haemodynamic stability and organ perfusion, relieve congestion, improve symptoms and allow the patient to leave the hospital and achieve an adequate quality of life. Among the available intravenous vasoactive therapies, inotropes constitute an option when an increase in cardiac contractility is needed to reverse a low output state. Within the inotrope category, levosimendan is well suited to the needs of both sets of patients since, in contrast to conventional adrenergic inotropes, it has not been linked in clinical trials or wider clinical usage with increased mortality risk and retains its efficacy in the presence of beta-adrenergic receptor blockade; it is further believed to possess beneficial renal effects. The overall haemodynamic profile and clinical tolerability of levosimendan, combined with its extended duration of action, have encouraged its intermittent use in patients with advanced heart failure. This paper summarises the key messages derived from a series of 12 tutorials held at the Heart Failure 2019 congress organised in Athens, Greece, by the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piergiuseppe Agostoni
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health - Cardiovascular Section, University of Milan Milan, Italy
| | - Dimitrios T Farmakis
- University of Cyprus Medical School Nicosia, Cyprus.,Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens, Greece
| | - Jose M García-Pinilla
- Heart Failure and Familial Cardiopathies Unit, Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, IBIMA Málaga, Spain
| | - Veli-Pekka Harjola
- Emergency Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kristjan Karason
- Departments of Cardiology and Transplantation, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dirk von Lewinski
- Department of Cardiology, Myokardiale Energetik und Metabolismus Research Unit, Medical University Graz, Austria
| | - John Parissis
- Second Department of Cardiology, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens, Greece.,Emergency Department, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens, Greece
| | | | - Gerhard Pölzl
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology Medical University of Innsbruck Austria
| | | | - Alexander Reinecke
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Kardiologie, Universitätskllinikum Schleswig-Holstein Kiel, Germany
| | - Patrik Yerly
- Service de Cardiologie, CHUV, Université de Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Endre Zima
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University Budapest, Hungary
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Huang X, Hamza SM, Zhuang W, Cupples WA, Braam B. Sodium intake but not renal nerves attenuates renal venous pressure-induced changes in renal hemodynamics in rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 315:F644-F652. [PMID: 29873513 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00099.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased central venous pressure and renal venous pressure (RVP) are associated with worsening of renal function in acute exacerbation of congestive heart failure. We tested whether an acute isolated elevation of RVP in one kidney leads to ipsilateral renal vasoconstriction and decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and whether this depends on dietary salt intake or activation of renal nerves. Male Lewis rats received a normal (1% NaCl, NS) or high-salt (6% NaCl) diet for ≥14 days before the acute experiment. Rats were then randomized into the following three groups: time control and RVP elevation to either 10 or 20 mmHg to assess heart rate, renal blood flow (RBF), and GFR. To increase RVP, the left renal vein was partially occluded for 120 min. To determine the role of renal nerves, surgical denervation was conducted in rats on both diets. Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) was additionally recorded in a separate group of rats. Increasing RVP to 20 mmHg decreased ipsilateral RBF (7.5 ± 0.4 to 4.1 ± 0.7 ml/min, P < 0.001), renal vascular conductance (0.082 ± 0.006 to 0.060 ± 0.011 ml·min-1·mmHg-1, P < 0.05), and GFR (1.28 ± 0.08 to 0.40 ± 0.13 ml/min, P < 0.05) in NS rats. The reduction was abolished by high-salt diet but not by renal denervation. Furthermore, a major increase of RVP (1.6 ± 0.8 to 24.7 ± 1.2 mmHg) immediately suppressed RSNA and decreased heart rate ( P < 0.05), which points to suppression of both local and systemic sympathetic activity. Taken together, acute elevated RVP induces renal vasoconstriction and decreased GFR, which is more likely to be mediated via the renin-angiotensin system than via renal nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
| | - Shereen M Hamza
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
| | - Wenqing Zhuang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
| | - William A Cupples
- Biomedical Physiology & Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby, British Columbia , Canada
| | - Branko Braam
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
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Llauger L, Jacob J, Miró Ò. Renal function and acute heart failure outcome. Med Clin (Barc) 2018; 151:281-290. [PMID: 29884452 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The interaction between acute heart failure (AHF) and renal dysfunction is complex. Several studies have evaluated the prognostic value of this syndrome. The aim of this systematic review, which includes non-selected samples, was to investigate the impact of different renal function variables on the AHF prognosis. The categories included in the studies reviewed included: creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), the BUN/creatinine quotient, chronic kidney disease, the formula to estimate the glomerular filtration rate, criteria of acute renal injury and new biomarkers of renal damage such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL and cystatin c). The basal alterations of the renal function, as well as the acute alterations, transient or not, are related to a worse prognosis in AHF, it is therefore necessary to always have baseline, acute and evolutive renal function parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lluís Llauger
- Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Vic (Barcelona), España.
| | - Javier Jacob
- Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Òscar Miró
- Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Barcelona), España
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Górriz JL, Puchades MJ. Detección de la enfermedad renal crónica mediante la determinación de filtrado glomerular estimado y albuminuria. ¿Estamos incumpliendo las recomendaciones de las guías? Semergen 2018; 44:79-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Al‐Naher A, Wright D, Devonald MAJ, Pirmohamed M. Renal function monitoring in heart failure - what is the optimal frequency? A narrative review. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:5-17. [PMID: 28901643 PMCID: PMC5736847 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The second most common cause of hospitalization due to adverse drug reactions in the UK is renal dysfunction due to diuretics, particularly in patients with heart failure, where diuretic therapy is a mainstay of treatment regimens. Therefore, the optimal frequency for monitoring renal function in these patients is an important consideration for preventing renal failure and hospitalization. This review looks at the current evidence for optimal monitoring practices of renal function in patients with heart failure according to national and international guidelines on the management of heart failure (AHA/NICE/ESC/SIGN). Current guidance of renal function monitoring is in large part based on expert opinion, with a lack of clinical studies that have specifically evaluated the optimal frequency of renal function monitoring in patients with heart failure. Furthermore, there is variability between guidelines, and recommendations are typically nonspecific. Safer prescribing of diuretics in combination with other antiheart failure treatments requires better evidence for frequency of renal function monitoring. We suggest developing more personalized monitoring rather than from the current medication-based guidance. Such flexible clinical guidelines could be implemented using intelligent clinical decision support systems. Personalized renal function monitoring would be more effective in preventing renal decline, rather than reacting to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Al‐Naher
- The Wolfson Centre for Personalised MedicineThe University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - David Wright
- Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine and ScienceLiverpool Heart and Chest HospitalLiverpoolUK
| | | | - Munir Pirmohamed
- The Wolfson Centre for Personalised MedicineThe University of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
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Activities of daily living at different levels of renal function in elderly hospitalized heart failure patients. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30:45-51. [PMID: 28251568 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-017-0739-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal function (RF) and activities of daily living (ADL) are risk factors for heart failure (HF) patients. AIMS We evaluated differences in motor and cognitive ADL in relation to RF in elderly hospitalized HF patients. METHODS Participants were selected from 414 consecutive hospitalized HF patients based on certain criteria. We investigated patient characteristics including Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Subjects were divided into three groups by RF level and analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Chi-square tests and two-way ANCOVA and multiple comparison tests. RESULTS Of the 414 patients, 165 met the inclusion criteria (high RF: 41, moderate RF: 84, low RF: 40). There were significant differences between the three groups in age, eGFR, hemoglobin level, mobility, cognitive function, and length of hospital stay (p < 0.05). Motor FIM showed an interaction between term and group, and cognitive FIM showed a main effect on the group (p < 0.05). In the multiple comparisons, motor FIM of all groups indicated significant recovery, but it was significantly lower after 1 week in the low RF versus moderate/high RF groups (p < 0.05). Cognitive FIM showed no significant recovery in the low RF group; the FIM score after 2 weeks was significantly lower than that in the moderate/high RF groups (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In elderly hospitalized HF patients, the motor ADL recovery process in the low RF group was delayed compared to the high RF group. Cognitive ADL in hospitalized HF patients is difficult to recover, especially in those with low RF.
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Jenkins R, Mandarano L, Gugathas S, Kaski JC, Anderson L, Banerjee D. Impaired renal function affects clinical outcomes and management of patients with heart failure. ESC Heart Fail 2017; 4:576-584. [PMID: 28872780 PMCID: PMC5695174 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Inpatients with heart failure and renal impairment have poor outcomes and variable quality of care. We investigate treatment practice and outcomes in an unselected real-world cohort using historical creatinine measurements. METHODS AND RESULTS Admissions between 1/4/2013 and 30/4/2015 diagnosed at discharge with heart failure were retrospectively analysed. Stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) were calculated from creatinine at discharge and 3-12 months before admission. We identified 1056 admissions of 851 patients (mean age 76 years, 56% Caucasian, 36% with diabetes mellitus, 54% with ischaemic heart disease, and 57% with valvular heart disease). CKD was common; 36%-Stage 3a/b, 11%-Stage 4/5; patients were older, more often diabetic, with higher potassium, lower haemoglobin, and more oedema but similar prevalence of left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) compared patients with Stages 0-2. AKI was present in 17.0% (10.4%-Stage 1, 3.7%-Stage 2, and 2.9%-Stage 3); these had higher potassium and lower haemoglobin than patients with no AKI. Length of stay was longer in Stage 4/5 CKD [11 days; P = 0.008] and AKI [13 days; P = 0.006]. Mortality was higher with Stage 4/5 CKD (13.8% compared with 7.7% for Stages 0-2 CKD (P = 0.036)] and increased with AKI (5%-no AKI, 20.9%-Stage 1, 35.9%-Stage 2, and 48.4%-Stage 3; P < 0.001). Adjusted for age, diabetes, and LVSD, both AKI and Stage 4/5 CKD were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. In survivors with LVSD, the discharge prescription of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers decreased with progressive CKD, [84%-no-mild, 59%-moderate, and 36%-severe CKD; P < 0.001]; this was not purely explained by hyperkalaemia. CONCLUSIONS Inpatients with heart failure and renal impairment, acute and chronic, failed to receive recommended therapy and had poor outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeka Jenkins
- Renal and Transplantation UnitSt George's University Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Lilly Mandarano
- Cardiology Clinical Academic GroupSt George's University Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | | | - Juan Carlos Kaski
- Molecular and Cell Sciences Research Institute, Cardiovascular SciencesSt George's University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Lisa Anderson
- Cardiology Clinical Academic GroupSt George's University Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
| | - Debasish Banerjee
- Renal and Transplantation UnitSt George's University Hospital NHS Foundation TrustLondonUK
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Xu D, Zhao RC, Gao WH, Cui HB. A Risk Prediction Model for In-hospital Mortality in Patients with Suspected Myocarditis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2017; 130:782-790. [PMID: 28345541 PMCID: PMC5381311 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.202747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium that may lead to cardiac death in some patients. However, little is known about the predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with suspected myocarditis. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify the independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with suspected myocarditis by establishing a risk prediction model. Methods: A retrospective study was performed to analyze the clinical medical records of 403 consecutive patients with suspected myocarditis who were admitted to Ningbo First Hospital between January 2003 and December 2013. A total of 238 males (59%) and 165 females (41%) were enrolled in this study. We divided the above patients into two subgroups (survival and nonsurvival), according to their clinical in-hospital outcomes. To maximize the effectiveness of the prediction model, we first identified the potential risk factors for in-hospital mortality among patients with suspected myocarditis, based on data pertaining to previously established risk factors and basic patient characteristics. We subsequently established a regression model for predicting in-hospital mortality using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Finally, we identified the independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality using our risk prediction model. Results: The following prediction model for in-hospital mortality in patients with suspected myocarditis, including creatinine clearance rate (Ccr), age, ventricular tachycardia (VT), New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification, gender and cardiac troponin T (cTnT), was established in the study: P = ea/(1 + ea) (where e is the exponential function, P is the probability of in-hospital death, and a = −7.34 + 2.99 × [Ccr <60 ml/min = 1, Ccr ≥60 ml/min = 0] + 2.01 × [age ≥50 years = 1, age <50 years = 0] + 1.93 × [VT = 1, no VT = 0] + 1.39 × [NYHA ≥3 = 1, NYHA <3 = 0] + 1.25 × [male = 1, female = 0] + 1.13 × [cTnT ≥50 μg/L = 1, cTnT <50 μg/L = 0]). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.96 (standard error = 0.015, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93-0.99). The model demonstrated that a Ccr <60 ml/min (odds ratio [OR] = 19.94, 95% CI: 5.66–70.26), an age ≥50 years (OR = 7.43, 95% CI: 2.18–25.34), VT (OR = 6.89, 95% CI: 1.86–25.44), a NYHA classification ≥3 (OR = 4.03, 95% CI: 1.13–14.32), male gender (OR = 3.48, 95% CI: 0.99–12.20), and a cTnT level ≥50 μg/L (OR = 3.10, 95% CI: 0.91–10.62) were the independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality. Conclusions: A Ccr <60 ml/min, an age ≥50 years, VT, an NYHA classification ≥3, male gender, and a cTnT level ≥50 μg/L were the independent risk factors resulting from the prediction model for in-hospital mortality in patients with suspected myocarditis. In addition, sufficient life support during the early stage of the disease might improve the prognoses of patients with suspected myocarditis with multiple risk factors for in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010; Department of Cardiology, CHC International Hospital, Cixi, Zhejiang 315310, China
| | - Ruo-Chi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
| | - Wen-Hui Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Yinzhou No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, China
| | - Han-Bin Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
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Gouda P, Brown P, Rowe BH, McAlister FA, Ezekowitz JA. Insights into the importance of the electrocardiogram in patients with acute heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2016; 18:1032-40. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pishoy Gouda
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre; University of Alberta in Edmonton; Canada
| | - Paul Brown
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre; University of Alberta in Edmonton; Canada
| | - Brian H. Rowe
- Department of Emergency Medicine and School of Public Health; University of Alberta in Edmonton; Canada
| | - Finlay A. McAlister
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre; University of Alberta in Edmonton; Canada
- Patient Health Outcomes Research and Clinical Effectiveness Unit; University of Alberta in Edmonton; Canada
- Division of General Internal Medicine; University of Alberta in Edmonton; Canada
| | - Justin A. Ezekowitz
- Canadian VIGOUR Centre; University of Alberta in Edmonton; Canada
- Division of Cardiology; University of Alberta in Edmonton; Canada
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