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Li SZ, Chen JJ, Su HJ, Liu J, Tang XJ, Wang B. A new odorous frog species of Odorrana (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) from Guizhou Province, China. Zookeys 2024; 1192:57-82. [PMID: 38419744 PMCID: PMC10897836 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1192.114315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The frog genus Odorrana is distributed across east and southeastern Asia. Based on morphological differences and molecular phylogenetics, a new species of the genus occurring from Leigong Mountain in Guizhou Province, China is described. Phylogenetic analyses based on DNA sequences of the mitochondrial 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and ND2 genes supported the new species as an independent lineage. The uncorrected genetic distances between the 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and ND2 genes between the new species and its closest congener were 5.0%, 4.9%, and 16.3%, respectively. The new species is distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: body size moderate (SVL 39.1-49.4 mm in males, 49.7 mm in female); head width larger than head length; tympanum distinctly visible; small rounded granules scattered all over dorsal body and limbs; dorsolateral folds absent; heels overlapping when thighs are positioned at right angles to the body; tibiotarsal articulation reaching the level between eye to nostril when leg stretched forward; vocal sacs absent in male and nuptial pads present on the base of finger I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Ze Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564500, China Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China Moutai Institute Renhuai China
| | - Ji-Jun Chen
- Leigongshan National Nature Reserve Administration, Leishan 557100, China Leigongshan National Nature Reserve Administration Leishan China
| | - Hai-Jun Su
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai 564500, China Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu China
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China Guizhou University Guiyang China
| | - Xiu-Jun Tang
- Leigongshan National Nature Reserve Administration, Leishan 557100, China Leigongshan National Nature Reserve Administration Leishan China
| | - Bin Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China Moutai Institute Renhuai China
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Zhang L, Chen J, Zhao R, Zhong J, Lin L, Li H, Ji X, Qu Y. Genomic insights into local adaptation in the Asiatic toad Bufo gargarizans, and its genomic offset to climate warming. Evol Appl 2023; 16:1071-1083. [PMID: 37216027 PMCID: PMC10197391 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic signatures of local adaptation have been identified in many species but remain sparsely studied in amphibians. Here, we explored genome-wide divergence within the Asiatic toad, Bufo gargarizans, to study local adaptation and genomic offset (i.e., the mismatch between current and future genotype-environment relationships) under climate warming scenarios. We obtained high-quality SNP data for 94 Asiatic toads from 21 populations in China to study spatial patterns of genomic variation, local adaptation, and genomic offset to warming in this wide-ranging species. Population structure and genetic diversity analysis based on high-quality SNPs revealed three clusters of B. gargarizans in the western, central-eastern, and northeastern portions of the species' range in China. Populations generally dispersed along two migration routes, one from the west to the central-east and one from the central-east to the northeast. Both genetic diversity and pairwise F ST were climatically correlated, and pairwise F ST was also correlated with geographic distance. Spatial genomic patterns in B. gargarizans were determined by the local environment and geographic distance. Global warming will increase the extirpation risk of B. gargarizans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu‐Wen Zhang
- College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jun‐Qiong Chen
- College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ru‐Meng Zhao
- College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jun Zhong
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental SciencesWenzhou UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Long‐Hui Lin
- College of Life and Environmental SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Hong Li
- College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiang Ji
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental SciencesWenzhou UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yan‐Fu Qu
- College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingChina
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Chen T, Jiao L, Ni L. The phylogeographical pattern of the Amur minnow Rhynchocypris lagowskii (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in the Qinling Mountains. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8924. [PMID: 35600689 PMCID: PMC9108317 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the phylogeographical pattern of the Amur minnow (Rhynchocypris lagowskii) widely distributed in the cold freshwaters of the Qinling Mountains was examined. A total of 464 specimens from 48 localities were sequenced at a 540-bp region of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cytb) gene, and 69 haplotypes were obtained. The mean ratio of the number of synonymous and nonsynonymous substitutions per site (dN/dS) was 0.028 and indicated purifying selection. Haplotype diversity (h) and nucleotide diversity (π) of natural populations of R. lagowskii varied widely between distinct localities. Phylogenetic trees based on Bayesian inference (BI), maximum likelihood (ML), and maximum parsimony (MP) methods, and network analysis showed five well-differentiated lineages, but these did not completely correspond to localities and geographic distribution. Meanwhile, analysis of molecular variances (AMOVA) indicated the highest proportion of genetic variation was attributed to the differentiation between populations rather than by our defined lineages. In addition, there was no significant correlation between the pairwise Fst values and geographic distance (p > .05). Based on the molecular clock calibration, the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) was estimated to have emerged from the Late Miocene to the Early Pleistocene. Finally, the results of demographic history based on the neutrality test, mismatch distribution, and Bayesian skyline plot (BSP) analyses showed that collectively, the populations were stable during the Pleistocene while one lineage (lineage E) probably underwent a slight contraction during the Middle Pleistocene and a rapid expansion from the Middle to the Late Pleistocene. Therefore, the study suggests the current phylogeographical pattern of R. lagowskii was likely shaped by geological events that led to vicariance followed by dispersal and secondary contact, river capture, and climatic oscillation during the Late Miocene to the Early Pleistocene in the Qinling Mountains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems MedicineGuilin Medical UniversityGuilinP.R. China
- Faculty of Basic Medical SciencesGuilin Medical UniversityGuilinP.R. China
| | - Li Jiao
- College of Life SciencesShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anP.R. China
| | - Lili Ni
- College of Life SciencesShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anP.R. China
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Dufresnes C, Litvinchuk SN. Diversity, distribution and molecular species delimitation in frogs and toads from the Eastern Palaearctic. Zool J Linn Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Biodiversity analyses can greatly benefit from coherent species delimitation schemes and up-to-date distribution data. In this article, we have made the daring attempt to delimit and map described and undescribed lineages of anuran amphibians in the Eastern Palaearctic (EP) region in its broad sense. Through a literature review, we have evaluated the species status considering reproductive isolation and genetic divergence, combined with an extensive occurrence dataset (nearly 85k localities). Altogether 274 native species from 46 genera and ten families were retrieved, plus eight additional species introduced from other realms. Independent hotspots of species richness were concentrated in southern Tibet (Medog County), the circum-Sichuan Basin region, Taiwan, the Korean Peninsula and the main Japanese islands. Phylogeographic breaks responsible for recent in situ speciation events were shared around the Sichuan Mountains, across Honshu and between the Ryukyu Island groups, but not across shallow water bodies like the Yellow Sea and the Taiwan Strait. Anuran compositions suggested to restrict the zoogeographical limits of the EP to East Asia. In a rapidly evolving field, our study provides a checkpoint to appreciate patterns of species diversity in the EP under a single, spatially explicit, species delimitation framework that integrates phylogeographic data in taxonomic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dufresnes
- LASER, College of Biology & Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Spartak N Litvinchuk
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Biology, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia
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Li S, Wei G, Liu J, Xu H. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeography of the Guizhou odorous frog: limited population genetic structure and evidence for recent population size expansion. MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2021; 6:1592-1596. [PMID: 34212081 PMCID: PMC8218851 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2021.1914215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The Guizhou odorous frog Odorrana kweichowensis is endemic to Guizhou Province, China. In this study, a comparative analysis of the mitochondrial COI and ND2 gene sequences was performed to examine genetic diversity in 109 individuals from ten localities across the geographic range of the species. Haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity were 0.576 and 0.00055, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses almost nested all haplotypes into one lineage. AMOVA indicated that total variation was mainly derived from variation within individual populations. Neutral tests indicated that a recent expansion occurred in the total population. Fst estimations indicated that genetic divergence was not correlated with geographic distance. Accordingly, the species probably experienced a recent population expansion, and there no obvious population genetic structure is apparent. The findings provide useful information for the conservation of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shize Li
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology and Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Food Science and Engineering, Moutai Institute, Renhuai, China
| | - Gang Wei
- Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory, Guiyang College, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory, Guiyang College, Guiyang, China
| | - Houqiang Xu
- Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountainous Region, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology and Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Zhang B, Li Y, Hu K, Li P, Gu Z, Xiao N, Yang D. A new species of Odorrana (Anura, Ranidae) from Hunan Province, China. Zookeys 2021; 1024:91-115. [PMID: 33776522 PMCID: PMC7985132 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1024.56399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A new species, Odorrana sangzhiensis sp. nov., is described, based on five specimens from Sangzhi County, Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province, China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses, based on mitochondrial 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA gene sequences, strongly support the new species as a monophyletic group nested into the O. schmackeri species complex. The new species can be distinguished from its congeners by a combination of the following characters: (1) body size medium (SVL: 42.1-45.1 mm in males, 83.3-92.7 mm in females); (2) dorsolateral folds absent; (3) tympanum diameter 1.53 times as long as the width of the disc of finger III in females; 2.3 times in males; (4) dorsal skin green with dense granules and sparse irregular brown spots; males with several large warts on dorsum; (5) two metacarpal tubercles; (6) relative finger lengths: I ≤ II < IV < III; (7) tibiotarsal articulation beyond the tip of the snout; (8) ventral surface smooth in females; throat and chest having pale spinules in adult males; (9) dorsal limbs green or yellow green with brown transverse bands; and (10) paired external vocal sacs located at corners of the throat, finger I with light yellow nuptial pad in males. This discovery increases the number of Odorrana species to 59 and those known from China to 37.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- Institute of Wildlife Conservation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha China
| | - Yuan Li
- Institute of Wildlife Conservation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha China
| | - Ke Hu
- Institute of Wildlife Conservation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha China
| | - Pipeng Li
- Institute of Herpetology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China Shenyang Normal University Shenyang China
| | - Zhirong Gu
- Bureau of Hunan Badagongshan National Nature Reserve, Sangzhi 427100, China Bureau of Hunan Badagongshan National Nature Reserve Sangzhi China
| | - Nengwen Xiao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing China
| | - Daode Yang
- Institute of Wildlife Conservation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China Central South University of Forestry and Technology Changsha China
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Chen T, Chen J, Tang L, Chen X, Yan J, You P. Phylogeography and demographic history of Gyrodactylus konovalovi (Monogenoidea: Gyrodactylidae), an ectoparasite on the East Asia Amur minnow (Cyprinidae) in Central China. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:1454-1468. [PMID: 32076527 PMCID: PMC7029060 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Gyrodactylus konovalovi is an ectoparasite on the Amur minnow (Rhynchocypris lagowskii) that is widely distributed in the cold fresh waters of East Asia. In the present study, the phylogeography and demographic history of G. konovalovi and the distribution of its host in the Qinling Mountains are examined. A total of 79 individual parasites was sequenced for a 528 bp region of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5) gene, and 25 haplotypes were obtained. The substitution rate (dN/dS) was 0.068 and indicated purifying selection. Haplotype diversity (h) and nucleotide diversity (π) varied widely in the Qinling Mountains. Phylogenetic trees based on Bayesian inference (BI), maximum likelihood (ML), and maximum parsimony (MP) methods and network analysis revealed that all haplotypes were consistently well-supported in three different lineages, indicating a significant geographic distribution pattern. There was a significant positive correlation between genetic differentiation (F st) and geographic distance. The results of mismatch distribution, neutrality test and Bayesian skyline plot analyses showed that whole populations underwent population contraction during the Pleistocene. Based on the molecular clock calibration, the most common ancestor was estimated to have emerged in the middle Pleistocene. Our study suggests for the first time that a clearly phylogeography of G. konovalovi was shaped by geological events and climate fluctuations, such as orogenesis, drainage capture changes, and vicariance, during the Pleistocene in the Qinling Mountains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- College of Life SciencesShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anChina
- College of Chemistry and BioengineeringGuilin University of TechnologyGuilinChina
| | - Juan Chen
- College of Life SciencesShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Ling Tang
- College of Life SciencesShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Xiaoning Chen
- College of Life SciencesShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Jun Yan
- College of Life SciencesShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anChina
| | - Ping You
- College of Life SciencesShaanxi Normal UniversityXi’anChina
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Huang Y, Zhao W, Ding L, Bao X, Wang J, Lin Y, Ran J, Yang D, Zou H, Liu J. Habitat Selection and Genetic Structure of the Endangered Frog Species Odorrana wuchuanensis (Anura: Ranidae). Zoolog Sci 2019; 36:402-409. [PMID: 33319964 DOI: 10.2108/zs180141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the habitat selection and population genetic structure of an endangered species can play important roles in its protection. The Wuchuan odorous frog (Odorrana wuchuanensis) is endemic to the karst regions of southwest China. This frog is currently listed as "Critically Endangered" by the IUCN, but little is known about its habitat selection and population genetics. In this study, we conducted analyses of habitat selection with occurrence/absence sites and environmental data, and assessed the genetic structure between north and south populations in Guizhou provinces in China using three mitochondrial markers. The results revealed that the probability of this frog occupying cave habitats increased with higher average humidity in July and higher lowest temperature in January, but was negatively related to precipitation in January. Analyses of F statistics combined with analyses of median-joining haplotype networks and the phylogenetic tree showed low genetic differentiation between the two populations of O. wuchuanensis. Considering the small population size and geographic isolation because of the complex karst terrains, we suggest careful management practices are needed to protect this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Huang
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li Ding
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinkang Bao
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Biomonitoring and Bioremediation for Environmental Pollution, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China,
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Yinghua Lin
- Institute of Wetland Research, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China,
| | - Jingcheng Ran
- Guizhou Management Station of Wildlife, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - De Yang
- Mayang River National Nature Reserve, Yanhe 565300, China
| | - Hao Zou
- Mayang River National Nature Reserve, Yanhe 565300, China
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Gao XY, Dong BJ, Li JT, Wang G, Jiang JP, Yang BT, Wang B. Phylogeographic investigation on the spiny frog Quasipaa shini(Amphibia: Anura: Dicroglossidae) using mitochondrial DNA: cryptic species and species complex. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1580154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Gao
- College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing-Jun Dong
- College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Tang Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian-Ping Jiang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Bao-Tian Yang
- College of Life Science, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
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Li S, Xu N, Lv J, Jiang J, Wei G, Wang B. A new species of the odorous frog genus Odorrana (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) from southwestern China. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5695. [PMID: 30310744 PMCID: PMC6174872 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Odorrana is widely distributed in the mountains of East and Southeastern Asia. An increasing number of new species in the genus have been recognized especially in the last decade. Phylogenetic studies of the O. schmackeri species complex with wide distributional range also revealed several cryptic species. Here, we describe a new species in the species complex from Guizhou Province of China. Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial DNA indicated the new species as a monophyly clustered into the Odorrana clade and sister to O. schmackeri, and nuclear DNA also indicated it as an independent lineage separated from its related species. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from its congeners based on a combination of the following characters: (1) having smaller body size in males (snout-vent length (SVL) <43.3 mm); (2) head longer than wide; (3) dorsolateral folds absent; (4) tympanum of males large and distinct, tympanum diameter twice as long as width of distal phalanx of finger III; (5) two metacarpal tubercles; (6) relative finger lengths: II < I < IV < III; (7) tibiotarsal articulation reaching to the level between eye to nostril when leg stretched forward; (8) disks on digits with circum-marginal grooves; (9) toes fully webbed to disks; (10) the first subarticular tubercle on fingers weak; (11) having white pectoral spinules, paired subgular vocal sacs located at corners of throat, light yellow nuptial pad on the first finger in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shize Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Maotai University, Renhuai, Guizhou, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Maotai University, Renhuai, Guizhou, China
| | - Jingcai Lv
- Guizhou Institute of Biology, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jianping Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Wei
- Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory, Guiyang College, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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