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Masloh S, Chevrel A, Culot M, Perrocheau A, Kalia YN, Frehel S, Gaussin R, Gosselet F, Huet S, Zeisser Labouebe M, Scapozza L. Enhancing Oral Delivery of Biologics: A Non-Competitive and Cross-Reactive Anti-Leptin Receptor Nanofitin Demonstrates a Gut-Crossing Capacity in an Ex Vivo Porcine Intestinal Model. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:116. [PMID: 38258126 PMCID: PMC10820293 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Biotherapeutics exhibit high efficacy in targeted therapy, but their oral delivery is impeded by the harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and limited intestinal absorption. This article presents a strategy to overcome the challenges of poor intestinal permeability by using a protein shuttle that specifically binds to an intestinal target, the leptin receptor (LepR), and exploiting its capacity to perform a receptor-mediated transport. Our proof-of-concept study focuses on the characterization and transport of robust affinity proteins, known as Nanofitins, across an ex vivo porcine intestinal model. We describe the potential to deliver biologically active molecules across the mucosa by fusing them with the Nanofitin 1-F08 targeting the LepR. This particular Nanofitin was selected for its absence of competition with leptin, its cross-reactivity with LepR from human, mouse, and pig hosts, and its shuttle capability associated with its ability to induce a receptor-mediated transport. This study paves the way for future in vivo demonstration of a safe and efficient oral-to-systemic delivery of targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solene Masloh
- Blood Brain Barrier Laboratory, Faculty of Science Jean Perrin, Artois University, UR 2465, Rue Jean Souvraz, 62300 Lens, France (M.C.); (F.G.)
- Affilogic, 24 Rue de la Rainière, 44300 Nantes, France (A.P.); (R.G.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland (L.S.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anne Chevrel
- Affilogic, 24 Rue de la Rainière, 44300 Nantes, France (A.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Maxime Culot
- Blood Brain Barrier Laboratory, Faculty of Science Jean Perrin, Artois University, UR 2465, Rue Jean Souvraz, 62300 Lens, France (M.C.); (F.G.)
| | | | - Yogeshvar N. Kalia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland (L.S.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Samuel Frehel
- Affilogic, 24 Rue de la Rainière, 44300 Nantes, France (A.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Rémi Gaussin
- Affilogic, 24 Rue de la Rainière, 44300 Nantes, France (A.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- Blood Brain Barrier Laboratory, Faculty of Science Jean Perrin, Artois University, UR 2465, Rue Jean Souvraz, 62300 Lens, France (M.C.); (F.G.)
| | - Simon Huet
- Affilogic, 24 Rue de la Rainière, 44300 Nantes, France (A.P.); (R.G.)
| | - Magali Zeisser Labouebe
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland (L.S.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Leonardo Scapozza
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland (L.S.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, 1 Rue Michel Servet, 1201 Geneva, Switzerland
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2
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Viollet S, Enouf E, Picot J, Noël L, Huet S, Le Pennec D, Sécher T, Heuzé-Vourc'h N, Kitten O, Cinier M. Inhalable Nanofitin demonstrates high neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 virus via direct application in respiratory tract. Mol Ther 2023; 31:2861-2871. [PMID: 37652011 PMCID: PMC10556219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanofitins are small and hyperthermostable alternative protein scaffolds that display physicochemical properties making them suitable for the development of topical therapeutics, notably for the treatment of pulmonary infectious diseases. Local administration of biologics to the lungs involves a particularly stressful step of nebulization that is poorly tolerated by most antibodies, which limits their application by this delivery route. During the COVID-19 pandemic, we generated anti-SARS-CoV-2 monomeric Nanofitins of high specificity for the spike protein. Hit Nanofitin candidates were identified based on their binding properties with punctual spike mutants and assembled into a linear multimeric construction constituting of four different Nanofitins, allowing the generation of a highly potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 molecule. The therapeutic efficacy of the multimeric assembly was demonstrated both in in vitro and in vivo models. Interestingly, the neutralization mechanism of the multimeric construction seems to involve a particular conformation switch of the spike trimer. In addition, we reported the stability and the conserved activity of the tetrameric construction after nebulization. This advantageous developability feature for pulmonary administration associated with the ease of assembly, as well as the fast generation process position the Nanofitin technology as a potential therapeutic solution for emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Déborah Le Pennec
- INSERM, Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, U1100, F-37032 Tours, France; University of Tours, F-37032 Tours, France
| | - Thomas Sécher
- INSERM, Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, U1100, F-37032 Tours, France; University of Tours, F-37032 Tours, France
| | - Nathalie Heuzé-Vourc'h
- INSERM, Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, U1100, F-37032 Tours, France; University of Tours, F-37032 Tours, France
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3
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Jacquot P, Muñoz-Garcia J, Fleury M, Cochonneau D, Gaussin R, Enouf E, Roze C, Ollivier E, Cinier M, Heymann D. Engineering of a Bispecific Nanofitin with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitory Activity Conditioned by the Cross-Arm Binding to EGFR and PDL1. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040636. [PMID: 37189383 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Re-education of the tumor microenvironment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has provided the most significant advancement in cancer management, with impressive efficacy and durable response reported. However, low response rates and a high frequency of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) remain associated with ICI therapies. The latter can be linked to their high affinity and avidity for their target that fosters on-target/off-tumor binding and subsequent breaking of immune self-tolerance in normal tissues. Many multispecific protein formats have been proposed to increase the tumor cell’s selectivity of ICI therapies. In this study, we explored the engineering of a bispecific Nanofitin by the fusion of an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PDL1) Nanofitin modules. While lowering the affinity of the Nanofitin modules for their respective target, the fusion enables the simultaneous engagement of EGFR and PDL1, which translates into a selective binding to tumor cells co-expressing EGFR and PDL1 only. We demonstrated that affinity-attenuated bispecific Nanofitin could elicit PDL1 blockade exclusively in an EGFR-directed manner. Overall, the data collected highlight the potential of this approach to enhance the selectivity and safety of PDL1 checkpoint inhibition.
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4
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Chevrel A, Candela L, Innocenti E, Golibrzuch C, Skudas R, Schwämmle A, Carrondo MJT, Kitten O, Nissum M, Silva RJS. Development of versatile affinity-based system for one step purification process: Case of Group A Streptococcus vaccine. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:3210-3220. [PMID: 35906818 PMCID: PMC9804325 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Affinity capture is one of the most attractive strategies for simplifying downstream processing. Although it is a key mainstream approach for antibody purification, the same is not true for other biologics such as vaccines, mainly due to the lack of suitable affinity material. In this study, a novel custom affinity system is introduced permitting widespread adoption of affinity capture for the purification of biologics beyond antibodies. This is illustrated here by the development of a one-step purification process of a mutant form of streptolysin O (SLO), a vaccine candidate against Streptococcus pyogenes infection. The system consists of the association of custom ligands based on the Nanofitin protein scaffold, with Eshmuno® industry-grade chromatography medium. The Nanofitins were selected for their specificity to the target product. The newly developed affinity medium was used at different column sizes to monitor scalability from process development (1 ml) and robustness verification (5 ml) to pilot (133 ml) and technical (469 ml) runs. The single-step affinity purification consistently delivered high purity product (above > 90%) and improved performances compared with the current three-step process: reduced process time and footprint (3 to 1 step) and increased product yields (0.31 g vs. 0.04 g of SLO per kg of harvest broth). The custom affinity system herein described can potentially be applied to any biologic for which a specific Nanofitin is identified, thus establishing a platform with a strong impact on the manufacturing of vaccines and other biological targets.
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5
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Michot N, Guyochin A, Cinier M, Savignard C, Kitten O, Pascual MH, Pouzieux S, Ozoux ML, Verdier P, Vicat P, Dumas J. Albumin binding Nanofitins, a new scaffold to extend half-life of biologics - a case study with exenatide peptide. Peptides 2022; 152:170760. [PMID: 35150805 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A new strategy of peptide half-life extension has been evaluated. We investigated libraries of a small and very stable protein scaffold called Nanofitin, capable of high affinity for protein targets. We have identified Nanofitins targeting Human and mouse Serum Albumin, which could significantly improve the pharmacokinetics of an active associated peptide, mobilizing the patient's own albumin without external source. To demonstrate the impact of this approach on half-life extension, a genetic fusion of an Exenatide peptide with an Albumin Binding Nanofitin (ABNF) was performed. Specific activity of Exenatide-ABNF was measured and unaffected by the fusion. In vivo mice results provided convincing data (t½ of 8 min for Exenatide peptide compared to 20 h for Exenatide-ABNF) with sustained pharmacological activity over 3 days. This study constitutes a proof-of-concept of in vivo half-life extension of a biologic using an ABNF. Besides, the absence of cysteine in the Nanofitin scaffold, which is therefore devoid of structuring disulfide bonds, allows manufacturing in microbial cost effective systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Michot
- Sanofi, Biologics Research, Vitry sur Seine, 94430, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Patrick Verdier
- Sanofi, Drug Safety & Animal Research, Alfortville 94430, France
| | - Pascale Vicat
- Sanofi, Drug Safety & Animal Research, Alfortville 94430, France
| | - Jacques Dumas
- Sanofi, Biologics Research, Vitry sur Seine, 94430, France
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6
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Discovery of APL-1030, a Novel, High-Affinity Nanofitin Inhibitor of C3-Mediated Complement Activation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030432. [PMID: 35327625 PMCID: PMC8946527 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled complement activation contributes to multiple immune pathologies. Although synthetic compstatin derivatives targeting C3 and C3b are robust inhibitors of complement activation, their physicochemical and molecular properties may limit access to specific organs, development of bifunctional moieties, and therapeutic applications requiring transgenic expression. Complement-targeting therapeutics containing only natural amino acids could enable multifunctional pharmacology, gene therapies, and targeted delivery for underserved diseases. A Nanofitin library of hyperthermophilic protein scaffolds was screened using ribosome display for C3/C3b-targeting clones mimicking compstatin pharmacology. APL-1030, a recombinant 64-residue Nanofitin, emerged as the lead candidate. APL-1030 is thermostable, binds C3 (KD, 1.59 nM) and C3b (KD, 1.11 nM), and inhibits complement activation via classical (IC50 = 110.8 nM) and alternative (IC50 = 291.3 nM) pathways in Wieslab assays. Pharmacologic activity (determined by alternative pathway inhibition) was limited to primate species of tested sera. C3b-binding sites of APL-1030 and compstatin were shown to overlap by X-ray crystallography of C3b-bound APL-1030. APL-1030 is a novel, high-affinity inhibitor of primate C3-mediated complement activation developed from natural amino acids on the hyperthermophilic Nanofitin platform. Its properties may support novel drug candidates, enabling bifunctional moieties, gene therapy, and tissue-targeted C3 pharmacologics for diseases with high unmet need.
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7
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Shipunova VO, Deyev SM. Artificial Scaffold Polypeptides As an Efficient Tool for the Targeted Delivery of Nanostructures In Vitro and In Vivo. Acta Naturae 2022; 14:54-72. [PMID: 35441046 PMCID: PMC9013437 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of traditional tools for the targeted delivery of nanostructures, such
as antibodies, transferrin, lectins, or aptamers, often leads to an entire
range of undesirable effects. The large size of antibodies often does not allow
one to reach the required number of molecules on the surface of nanostructures
during modification, and the constant domains of heavy chains, due to their
effector functions, can induce phagocytosis. In the recent two decades,
targeted polypeptide scaffold molecules of a non-immunoglobulin nature,
antibody mimetics, have emerged as much more effective targeting tools. They
are small in size (3–20 kDa), possess high affinity (from subnano- to
femtomolar binding constants), low immunogenicity, and exceptional
thermodynamic stability. These molecules can be effectively produced in
bacterial cells, and, using genetic engineering manipulations, it is possible
to create multispecific fusion proteins for the targeting of nanoparticles to
cells with a given molecular portrait, which makes scaffold polypeptides an
optimal tool for theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. O. Shipunova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russia
| | - S. M. Deyev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997 Russia
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8
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Ahmadi MKB, Mohammadi SA, Makvandi M, Mamouei M, Rahmati M, Dehghani H, Wood DW. Recent Advances in the Scaffold Engineering of Protein Binders. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 22:878-891. [PMID: 32838715 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021999200824101035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, extensive attention has been given to the generation of new classes of ligand- specific binding proteins to supplement monoclonal antibodies. A combination of protein engineering and display technologies has been used to manipulate non-human antibodies for humanization and stabilization purposes or even the generation of new binding proteins. Engineered protein scaffolds can now be directed against therapeutic targets to treat cancer and immunological disorders. Although very few of these scaffolds have successfully passed clinical trials, their remarkable properties such as robust folding, high solubility, and small size motivate their employment as a tool for biology and applied science studies. Here, we have focused on the generation of new non-Ig binding proteins and single domain antibody manipulation, with a glimpse of their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad K B Ahmadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed A Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Manoochehr Makvandi
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Morteza Mamouei
- Department of Animal Science, Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rahmati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hesam Dehghani
- Stem Cells Regenerative Research Group, Ressearch Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Azadi Square, Mashhad, Iran
| | - David W Wood
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, 151 W. Woodruff Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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9
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Marcion G, Hermetet F, Neiers F, Uyanik B, Dondaine L, Dias AMM, Da Costa L, Moreau M, Bellaye PS, Collin B, Gobbo J, Briand L, Seigneuric R, Kitten O, Cinier M, Garrido C. Nanofitins targeting heat shock protein 110: An innovative immunotherapeutic modality in cancer. Int J Cancer 2021; 148:3019-3031. [PMID: 33506516 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The presence of an inactivating heat shock protein 110 (HSP110) mutation in colorectal cancers has been correlated with an excellent prognosis and with the ability of HSP110 to favor the formation of tolerogenic (M2-like) macrophages. These clinical and experimental results suggest a potentially powerful new strategy against colorectal cancer: the inhibition of HSP110. In this work, as an alternative to neutralizing antibodies, Nanofitins (scaffold ~7 kDa proteins) targeting HSP110 were isolated from the screening of a synthetic Nanofitin library, and their capacity to bind (immunoprecipitation, biolayer interferometry) and to inhibit HSP110 was analyzed in vitro and in vivo. Three Nanofitins were found to inhibit HSP110 chaperone activity. Interestingly, they share a high degree of homology in their variable domain and target the peptide-binding domain of HSP110. In vitro, they inhibited the ability of HSP110 to favor M2-like macrophages. The Nanofitin with the highest affinity, A-C2, was studied in the CT26 colorectal cancer mice model. Our PET/scan experiments demonstrate that A-C2 may be localized within the tumor area, in accordance with the reported HSP110 abundance in the tumor microenvironment. A-C2 treatment reduced tumor growth and was associated with an increase in immune cells infiltrating the tumor and particularly cytotoxic macrophages. These results were confirmed in a chicken chorioallantoic membrane tumor model. Finally, we showed the complementarity between A-C2 and an anti-PD-L1 strategy in the in vivo and in ovo tumor models. Overall, Nanofitins appear to be promising new immunotherapeutic lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Marcion
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Label Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - François Hermetet
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Label Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Fabrice Neiers
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, INRA, Dijon, France
| | - Burhan Uyanik
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Label Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Lucile Dondaine
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Label Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Alexandre M M Dias
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Label Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Laurène Da Costa
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,ICMUB UMR 6302, Dijon, France.,Anticancer Center Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Mathieu Moreau
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,ICMUB UMR 6302, Dijon, France.,Anticancer Center Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, 21000, France
| | | | - Bertrand Collin
- ICMUB UMR 6302, Dijon, France.,Anticancer Center Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Jessica Gobbo
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Label Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Anticancer Center Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, 21000, France
| | - Loïc Briand
- Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, INRA, Dijon, France
| | - Renaud Seigneuric
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Label Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | | | | | - Carmen Garrido
- INSERM, UMR 1231, Label Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer and LipSTIC, Dijon, France.,Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,Anticancer Center Georges François Leclerc, Dijon, 21000, France
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10
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Harmansa S, Affolter M. Protein binders and their applications in developmental biology. Development 2018; 145:145/2/dev148874. [PMID: 29374062 DOI: 10.1242/dev.148874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Developmental biology research would benefit greatly from tools that enable protein function to be regulated, both systematically and in a precise spatial and temporal manner, in vivo In recent years, functionalized protein binders have emerged as versatile tools that can be used to target and manipulate proteins. Such protein binders can be based on various scaffolds, such as nanobodies, designed ankyrin repeat proteins (DARPins) and monobodies, and can be used to block or perturb protein function in living cells. In this Primer, we provide an overview of the protein binders that are currently available and highlight recent progress made in applying protein binder-based tools in developmental and synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Harmansa
- Growth and Development, Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Affolter
- Growth and Development, Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Goux M, Becker G, Gorré H, Dammicco S, Desselle A, Egrise D, Leroi N, Lallemand F, Bahri MA, Doumont G, Plenevaux A, Cinier M, Luxen A. Nanofitin as a New Molecular-Imaging Agent for the Diagnosis of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Over-Expressing Tumors. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:2361-2371. [PMID: 28825794 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth-factor receptor (EGFR) is involved in cell growth and proliferation and is over-expressed in malignant tissues. Although anti-EGFR-based immunotherapy became a standard of care for patients with EGFR-positive tumors, this strategy of addressing cancer tumors by targeting EGFR with monoclonal antibodies is less-developed for patient diagnostic and monitoring. Indeed, antibodies exhibit a slow blood clearance, which is detrimental for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. New molecular probes are proposed to overcome such limitations for patient monitoring, making use of low-molecular-weight protein scaffolds as alternatives to antibodies, such as Nanofitins with better pharmacokinetic profiles. Anti-EGFR Nanofitin B10 was reformatted by genetic engineering to exhibit a unique cysteine moiety at its C-terminus, which allows the development of a fast and site-specific radiolabeling procedure with 18F-4-fluorobenzamido-N-ethylamino-maleimide (18F-FBEM). The in vivo tumor targeting and imaging profile of the anti-EGFR Cys-B10 Nanofitin was investigated in a double-tumor xenograft model by static small-animal PET at 2 h after tail-vein injection of the radiolabeled Nanofitin 18F-FBEM-Cys-B10. The image showed that the EGFR-positive tumor (A431) is clearly delineated in comparison to the EGFR-negative tumor (H520) with a significant tumor-to-background contrast. 18F-FBEM-Cys-B10 demonstrated a significantly higher retention in A431 tumors than in H520 tumors at 2.5 h post-injection with a A431-to-H520 uptake ratio of 2.53 ± 0.18 and a tumor-to-blood ratio of 4.55 ± 0.63. This study provides the first report of Nanofitin scaffold used as a targeted PET radiotracer for in vivo imaging of EGFR-positive tumor, with the anti-EGFR B10 Nanofitin used as proof-of-concept. The fast generation of specific Nanofitins via a fully in vitro selection process, together with the excellent imaging features of the Nanofitin scaffold, could facilitate the development of valuable PET-based companion diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Harmony Gorré
- Affilogic SAS , 21 rue La Noue Bras de Fer, 44200 Nantes, France
| | | | - Ariane Desselle
- Affilogic SAS , 21 rue La Noue Bras de Fer, 44200 Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Egrise
- Centre for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université Libre de Bruxelles , 8 Rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium.,Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels, Belgium
| | - Natacha Leroi
- GIGA-Cancer, Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, University of Liège , Avenue de l'Hopital, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | - Gilles Doumont
- Centre for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, Université Libre de Bruxelles , 8 Rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | | | - Mathieu Cinier
- Affilogic SAS , 21 rue La Noue Bras de Fer, 44200 Nantes, France
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12
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Dammicco S, Goux M, Lemaire C, Becker G, Bahri MA, Plenevaux A, Cinier M, Luxen A. Regiospecific radiolabelling of Nanofitin on Ni magnetic beads with [ 18 F]FBEM and in vivo PET studies. Nucl Med Biol 2017; 51:33-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Yu X, Yang YP, Dikici E, Deo SK, Daunert S. Beyond Antibodies as Binding Partners: The Role of Antibody Mimetics in Bioanalysis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2017; 10:293-320. [PMID: 28375702 PMCID: PMC5895458 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061516-045205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of novel binding proteins or antibody mimetics capable of binding to ligand analytes in a manner analogous to that of the antigen-antibody interaction has spurred increased interest in the biotechnology and bioanalytical communities. The goal is to produce antibody mimetics designed to outperform antibodies with regard to binding affinities, cellular and tumor penetration, large-scale production, and temperature and pH stability. The generation of antibody mimetics with tailored characteristics involves the identification of a naturally occurring protein scaffold as a template that binds to a desired ligand. This scaffold is then engineered to create a superior binder by first creating a library that is then subjected to a series of selection steps. Antibody mimetics have been successfully used in the development of binding assays for the detection of analytes in biological samples, as well as in separation methods, cancer therapy, targeted drug delivery, and in vivo imaging. This review describes recent advances in the field of antibody mimetics and their applications in bioanalytical chemistry, specifically in diagnostics and other analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136;
| | - Yu-Ping Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136;
| | - Emre Dikici
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136;
| | - Sapna K Deo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136;
| | - Sylvia Daunert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136;
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