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Qi Y, Bruni GO, Klasson KT. Microbiome Analysis of Sugarcane Juices and Biofilms from Louisiana Raw Sugar Factories. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0434522. [PMID: 37162339 PMCID: PMC10269665 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04345-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
During postharvest processing of sugarcane for raw sugar, microbial activity results in sucrose loss and undesirable exopolysaccharide (EPS) production. Historically, culture-based approaches have focused on the bacterium Leuconostoc mesenteroides as the main contributor to both processes. However, recent studies have shown that diverse microbes are present in sugarcane factories and may also contribute to sugarcane juice deterioration. In the present study, high-throughput amplicon-based sequence profiling was applied to gain a more comprehensive view of the microbial community in Louisiana raw sugar factories. Microbial profiling of the bacterial and fungal microbiomes by 16S V4 and ITS1 sequences, respectively, identified 417 bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and 793 fungal ASVs. While Leuconostoc was indeed the most abundant bacterial genus overall (40.9% of 16S sequences), multiple samples were dominated by other taxa such as Weissella and Lactobacillus, underscoring the microbial diversity present in sugarcane factories. Furthermore, flask cultures inoculated with the same samples demonstrated differences in the rate of sucrose consumption, as well as the production of exopolysaccharides and other organic acids, which may result from the observed differences in microbial composition. IMPORTANCE Amplicon-based sequencing was utilized to address long-ignored gaps in microbiological knowledge about the diversity of microbes present in processing streams at Louisiana sugarcane raw sugar factories. These results support an emerging model where diverse organisms contribute to sugarcane juice degradation, help to contextualize microbial contamination problems faced by raw sugar factories, and will guide future studies on biocontrol measures to mitigate sucrose losses and operational challenges due to exopolysaccharide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunci Qi
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Gillian O. Bruni
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - K. Thomas Klasson
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Southern Regional Research Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Constitutive High Expression Level of a Synthetic Deleted Encoding Gene of Talaromyces minioluteus Endodextranase Variant (r–TmDEX49A–ΔSP–ΔN30) in Komagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12157562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
In the sugar industry, dextran generates difficulties in the manufacturing process. Using crude dextranase (EC 3.2.1.11) to eliminate dextran in sugar is an effective practice. In this study, a synthetic dextranase-encoding gene of the filamentous fungus Talaromyces minioluteus, lacking its putative native signal peptide (1–20 amino acids) and the next 30 amino acids (r–TmDEX49A–ΔSP–ΔN30), was fused to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae prepro α–factor (MFα–2) signal sequence and expressed in Komagataella phaffii under the constitutive GAP promoter. K. phaffii DEX49A–ΔSP–ΔN30, constitutively producing and secreting the truncated dextranase, was obtained. The specific activity of the truncated variant resulted in being nearly the same in relation to the full-length mature enzyme (900–1000 U·mg−1 of protein). At shaker scale (100 mL) in a YPG medium, the enzymatic activity was 273 U·mL−1. The highest production level was achieved in a fed-batch culture (30 h) at 5 L fermenter scale using the FM21–PTM1 culture medium. The enzymatic activity in the culture supernatant reached 1614 U·mL−1, and the productivity was 53,800 U·L−1·h−1 (53.8 mg·L−1·h−1), the highest reported thus far for a DEX49A variant. Dextran decreased r–TmDEX49A–ΔSP–ΔN30 mobility in affinity gel electrophoresis, providing evidence of carbohydrate–protein interactions. K. phaffii DEX49A–ΔSP–ΔN30 shows great potential as a methanol-free, commercial dextranase production system.
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Wagh VS, Said MS, Bennale JS, Dastager SG. Isolation and structural characterization of exopolysaccharide from marine Bacillus sp. and its optimization by Microbioreactor. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 285:119241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Misra V, Mall AK, Solomon S, Ansari MI. Post-harvest biology and recent advances of storage technologies in sugarcane. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 33:e00705. [PMID: 35145888 PMCID: PMC8819023 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane deteriorates at a quick rate, just like other perishable crops. The quick loss of sucrose content in sugarcane from the time it is harvested has a significant impact on sugar recovery. This problem of post-harvest sucrose losses in sugarcane is a serious concern in cane-producing countries, as it not only leads to low sugar recovery in mills, but also to poor sugar refining. Unreasonable delays in cane transportation from the fields to the mill are frequently linked to a number of problems related to primary or secondary sucrose losses, all of which contribute to a significant reduction in cane weight and sugar recovery. In sugar mills, the processing of damaged or stale canes also presents a number of challenges, including increased viscosity due to dextran generation, formation of acetic acid, and dextrans due to Leuconostoc spp. invasion, and so on. The combination of all of these variables results in low sugar quality, resulting in significant losses for sugar mills. The primary and secondary losses caused by post-harvest sucrose degradation in sugarcane are enlisted. The employment of physico-chemical technologies in farmers' fields and sugar mills to control and minimize these losses has also been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varucha Misra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, U.P., 226002 India
| | - AK Mall
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, U.P., 226002 India
| | - S Solomon
- Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur U.P., 208002, India
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Peng N, Yao Z, Wang Z, Huang J, Khan MT, Chen B, Zhang M. Fungal deterioration of the bagasse storage from the harvested sugarcane. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:152. [PMID: 34215313 PMCID: PMC8254370 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-02004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugarcane is an essential crop for sugar and ethanol production. Immediate processing of sugarcane is necessary after harvested because of rapid sucrose losses and deterioration of stalks. This study was conducted to fill the knowledge gap regarding the exploration of fungal communities in harvested deteriorating sugarcane. Experiments were performed on simulating production at 30 °C and 40 °C after 0, 12, and 60 h of sugarcane harvesting and powder-processing. RESULTS Both pH and sucrose content declined significantly within 12 h. Fungal taxa were unraveled using ITS amplicon sequencing. With the increasing temperature, the diversity of the fungal community decreased over time. The fungal community structure significantly changed within 12 h of bagasse storage. Before stored, the dominant genus (species) in bagasse was Wickerhamomyces (W. anomalus). Following storage, Kazachstania (K. humilis) and Saccharomyces (S. cerevisiae) gradually grew, becoming abundant fungi at 30 °C and 40 °C. The bagasse at different temperatures had a similar pattern after storage for the same intervals, indicating that the temperature was the primary cause for the variation of core features. Moreover, most of the top fungal genera were significantly correlated with environmental factors (pH and sucrose of sugarcane, storage time, and temperature). In addition, the impact of dominant fungal species isolated from the deteriorating sugarcane on sucrose content and pH in the stored sugarcane juice was verified. CONCLUSIONS The study highlighted the importance of timeliness to refine sugar as soon as possible after harvesting the sugarcane. The lessons learned from this research are vital for sugarcane growers and the sugar industry for minimizing post-harvest losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Peng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology & State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Ziting Yao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology & State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Ziting Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology & State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Jiangfeng Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology & State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Muhammad Tahir Khan
- Sugarcane Biotechnology Group, Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA), Tando Jam, Pakistan
| | - Baoshan Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology & State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Muqing Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Sugarcane Biology & State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
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Chaisuwan W, Jantanasakulwong K, Wangtueai S, Phimolsiripol Y, Chaiyaso T, Techapun C, Phongthai S, You S, Regenstein JM, Seesuriyachan P. Microbial exopolysaccharides for immune enhancement: Fermentation, modifications and bioactivities. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2020.100564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Tenea GN, Lara MI. Antimicrobial compounds produced by Weissella confusa Cys2-2 strain inhibit Gram-negative bacteria growth. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2018.1561520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela N. Tenea
- Faculty of Engineering in Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Technical University of the North, Ibarra, Ecuador
| | - Mauricio Israel Lara
- Faculty of Engineering in Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Technical University of the North, Ibarra, Ecuador
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Microbial Diversity Profiling of Polysaccharide (gum)-Producing Bacteria Isolated from a South African Sugarcane Processing Factory. Curr Microbiol 2019; 76:527-535. [DOI: 10.1007/s00284-018-01625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bhatia SK, Bhatia RK, Choi YK, Kan E, Kim YG, Yang YH. Biotechnological potential of microbial consortia and future perspectives. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 38:1209-1229. [PMID: 29764204 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1471445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Design of a microbial consortium is a newly emerging field that enables researchers to extend the frontiers of biotechnology from a pure culture to mixed cultures. A microbial consortium enables microbes to use a broad range of carbon sources. It provides microbes with robustness in response to environmental stress factors. Microbes in a consortium can perform complex functions that are impossible for a single organism. With advancement of technology, it is now possible to understand microbial interaction mechanism and construct consortia. Microbial consortia can be classified in terms of their construction, modes of interaction, and functions. Here we discuss different trends in the study of microbial functions and interactions, including single-cell genomics (SCG), microfluidics, fluorescent imaging, and membrane separation. Community profile studies using polymerase chain-reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), and terminal restriction fragment-length polymorphism (T-RFLP) are also reviewed. We also provide a few examples of their possible applications in areas of biopolymers, bioenergy, biochemicals, and bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kant Bhatia
- a Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering , Konkuk University , Seoul , South Korea.,b Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application , Konkuk University , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Ravi Kant Bhatia
- c Department of Biotechnology , Himachal Pradesh University , Shimla , India
| | - Yong-Keun Choi
- a Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering , Konkuk University , Seoul , South Korea.,d Texas A&M AGRILIFE Research & Extension Center , Texas A&M University , Stephenville , TX , USA
| | - Eunsung Kan
- d Texas A&M AGRILIFE Research & Extension Center , Texas A&M University , Stephenville , TX , USA
| | - Yun-Gon Kim
- e Department of Chemical Engineering , Soongsil University , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Yung-Hun Yang
- a Department of Biological Engineering, College of Engineering , Konkuk University , Seoul , South Korea.,b Institute for Ubiquitous Information Technology and Application , Konkuk University , Seoul , South Korea
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Sengupta D, Datta S, Biswas D. Towards a better production of bacterial exopolysaccharides by controlling genetic as well as physico-chemical parameters. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:1587-1598. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8745-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kanimozhi J, Moorthy IG, Sivashankar R, Sivasubramanian V. Optimization of dextran production by Weissella cibaria NITCSK4 using Response Surface Methodology-Genetic Algorithm based technology. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 174:103-110. [PMID: 28821024 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The most influencing factor on dextran production by Weissella cibaria NITCSK4 were screened using Plackett Burman design at 95% confidence limit with higher value of co-efficient of determination (R2) 99.58%. The combined effects of significant factors, namely, sucrose, temperature, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K2HPO4) and yeast extract were studied and optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The input parameters of non-linear models predicted by RSM were subsequently optimized using the genetic algorithm (GA) for obtaining a maximum dextran yield. The maximum yield was obtained with sucrose concentration of 15.78%, yeast extract 1.27%, K2HPO4 1.25%, and at 26°C. The predicted conditions were experimentally validated and 43.79mg/ml of dextran was produced. The dextran yield was 51% higher as compared to unoptimized medium. The molecular weight of resulting dextran produced at 26°C is >2000kDa. The NMR spectroscopic analysis demonstrated that the NITCSK4 produced linear dextran with predominant α (1-6) linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kanimozhi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala-673601, India
| | - I Ganesh Moorthy
- Department of Biotechnology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu-626001, India
| | - R Sivashankar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala-673601, India
| | - V Sivasubramanian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala-673601, India.
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