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Li R, Chen M, Yan D, Chen L, Lin M, Deng B, Zhuang L, Gao F, Leung GPH, You J. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics revealing the therapeutic mechanism of a medicinal and edible formula YH0618 in reducing doxorubicin-induced alopecia by targeting keratins and TGF-β/Smad3 pathway. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33051. [PMID: 39021977 PMCID: PMC11253279 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
YH0618, a medicinal and edible formulation, has demonstrated the potential to alleviate doxorubicin-induced alopecia in animal studies and clinical trials. However, the mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain unexplored. The objective of this study was to ascertain possible therapeutic targets of YH0618 in the treatment of doxorubicin-induced alopecia. The assessment of hair loss was conducted through the measurement of the proportion of the affected area and the examination of skin histology. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) in quantitative proteomics was employed to discern proteins that exhibited variable expressions. The major proteins associated with doxorubicin-induced alopecia were identified using gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. The interaction network of the differentially expressed proteins was constructed using the STRING database and the Python software. The study analyzed a total of 3894 proteins extracted from the skin tissue of mice. Doxorubicin treatment resulted in the upregulation of 18 distinct proteins, whereas one differential protein was found to be downregulated. The above effects were reinstated after the administration of the YH0618 therapy. The bioinformatic study revealed that the identified proteins exhibited enrichment in many biological processes, including staphylococcus aureus infection, estrogen signaling route, pyruvate metabolism, chemical carcinogenesis, and PPAR signaling pathway. The results of Western blot revealed that the levels of keratin 81 (Krt81), keratin 34 (Krt34), keratin 33a (Krt33a), and Sma and MAD-related protein 3 (Smad3) were upregulated in response to doxorubicin treatment, and were attenuated by the administration of YH0618. These four proteins are likely to correlate with DOX-induced alopecia and serve as promising therapeutic targets for YH0618. This work presents significant insights and empirical evidence for comprehending the process underlying chemotherapy-induced alopecia, paving the way for exploring innovative therapeutic or preventive strategies employing herbal items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renkai Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Room 704, Block A2, 3002 Lantian Road, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingxia Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Room 704, Block A2, 3002 Lantian Road, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Danxi Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Room 704, Block A2, 3002 Lantian Road, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liang Chen
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Mandi Lin
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bohui Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Room 704, Block A2, 3002 Lantian Road, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Likai Zhuang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Room 704, Block A2, 3002 Lantian Road, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fei Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - George Pak-Heng Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jieshu You
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Room 704, Block A2, 3002 Lantian Road, Pingshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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Wang L, Tian R, Wang G, Zhao M, Zhang Y, Li J. Proteomic analysis of fetal skin by iTRAQ reveals molecular signals underlying Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat hair follicle initiation. ALL LIFE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2023.2169363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lele Wang
- Ulanqab of Medical College, Ulanqab, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rugang Tian
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaofeng Wang
- Ulanqab Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Ulanqab, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinquan Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
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Gao WZ, Xue HL, Yang JC. Proteomics analysis of the secondary hair follicle cycle in Liaoning cashmere goat. Small Rumin Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Cao L, Tian T, Huang Y, Tao S, Zhu X, Yang M, Gu J, Feng G, Ma Y, Xia R, Xu W, Wang L. Neural progenitor cell-derived nanovesicles promote hair follicle growth via miR-100. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:20. [PMID: 33430889 PMCID: PMC7802142 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00757-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence shows that mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) hold great promise to promote hair growth. However, large-scale production of EVs is still a challenge. Recently, exosome-mimetic nanovesicles (NV) prepared by extruding cells have emerged as an alternative strategy for clinical-scale production. Here, ReNcell VM (ReN) cells, a neural progenitor cell line was serially extruded to produce NV. RESULTS ReN-NV were found to promote dermal papilla cell (DPC) proliferation. In addition, in a mouse model of depilation-induced hair regeneration, ReN-NV were injected subcutaneously, resulting in an acceleration of hair follicle (HF) cycling transition at the site. The underlying mechanism was indicated to be the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, miR-100 was revealed to be abundant in ReN-NV and significantly up-regulated in DPCs receiving ReN-NV treatment. miR-100 inhibition verified its important role in ReN-NV-induced β-catenin signaling activation. CONCLUSION These results provide an alternative agent to EVs and suggest a strategy for hair growth therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanbo Huang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiqin Tao
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mifang Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Stomatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jing Gu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangdong Feng
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinni Ma
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rushan Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, China.
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Differential proteomics of lesional vs. non-lesional biopsies revealed non-immune mechanisms of alopecia areata. Sci Rep 2018; 8:521. [PMID: 29323127 PMCID: PMC5765109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alopecia areata (AA) is one of the common hair disorders for which treatment is frequently ineffective and associated with relapsing episodes. Better understanding of disease mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets are thus required. From 10 AA patients, quantitative proteomics using LTQ-Orbitrap-XL mass spectrometer revealed 104 down-regulated, 4 absent, 3 up-regulated and 11 newly present proteins in lesional vs. non-lesional biopsies. Among these, the decreased levels of α-tubulin, vimentin, heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), HSP90, annexin A2 and α-enolase were successfully confirmed by Western blotting. Protein-protein interactions network analysis using STRING tool revealed that the most frequent biological processes/networks of the down-regulated proteins included tissue development, cell differentiation, response to wounding and catabolic process, whereas those for the up-regulated proteins included biological process, metabolic process, cellular transport, cellular component organization and response to stimulus. Interestingly, only 5 increased/newly present proteins were associated with the regulation of immune system, which may not be the predominant pathway in AA pathogenic mechanisms as previously assumed. In summary, we report herein the first proteome dataset of AA demonstrating a number of novel pathways, which can be linked to the disease mechanisms and may lead to discovery of new therapeutic targets for AA.
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Rile N, Liu Z, Gao L, Qi J, Zhao M, Xie Y, Su R, Zhang Y, Wang R, Li J, Xiao H, Li J. Expression of Vimentin in hair follicle growth cycle of inner Mongolian Cashmere goats. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:38. [PMID: 29320989 PMCID: PMC5764018 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The growth of Inner Mongolian Cashmere goat skin hair follicle exhibits a periodic growth pattern. The hair growth cycle is distinguished as telogen, anagen, and catagen stages. The role of vimentin in the growth process of hair follicles is evident. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the vimentin activity in the growth cycle of hair follicles, transcriptome sequencing and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were used to obtain the nucleic acid and amino acid sequences of VIIM gene and vimentin. The amino acid and nucleic acid sequences were analyzed by comparison. Real-time quantitative PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry analyzed the expression level and sites of vimentin in the three growth stages of the Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat skin samples. Results VIM gene cDNA, obtained by transcriptome sequencing, was aligned against that of the Capra hircus VIM gene. The amino acid sequence of vimentin revealed a high similarity rate across other species. The expressions of both VIM gene and vimentin were highest during the growth period and lowest in the rest period. Furthermore, vimentin was primarily expressed in the outer root sheath of the hair follicle as assessed by staining. Conclusions The sequences of the gene and protein are similar to that of other species and identical to Capra hircus. However, the expression of VIM and vimentin was proportional to that of the growth of hair follicles. And vimentin expressed only in the outer root sheath of hair follicles. Thus, vimentin was speculated to participate in the regulation of the hair follicle growth cycle by affecting the outer root sheath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai Rile
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.,Key Laboratory of Mutton Sheep Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Hohhot, China.,Engineering Research Center for Goat Genetics and Breeding, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China.
| | - Lixia Gao
- Baotou Light Industry Vocational Technical College, Baotou, 014000, China
| | - Jingkai Qi
- School of Life Science, Inner Mongolia University for The Nationalities, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Yuchun Xie
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Rui Su
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Ruijun Wang
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Hongmei Xiao
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.
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Adeola HA, Van Wyk JC, Arowolo A, Ngwanya RM, Mkentane K, Khumalo NP. Emerging Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potentials of Human Hair Proteomics. Proteomics Clin Appl 2017; 12. [PMID: 28960873 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201700048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of noninvasive human substrates to interrogate pathophysiological conditions has become essential in the post- Human Genome Project era. Due to its high turnover rate, and its long term capability to incorporate exogenous and endogenous substances from the circulation, hair testing is emerging as a key player in monitoring long term drug compliance, chronic alcohol abuse, forensic toxicology, and biomarker discovery, among other things. Novel high-throughput 'omics based approaches like proteomics have been underutilized globally in comprehending human hair morphology and its evolving use as a diagnostic testing substrate in the era of precision medicine. There is paucity of scientific evidence that evaluates the difference in drug incorporation into hair based on lipid content, and very few studies have addressed hair growth rates, hair forms, and the biological consequences of hair grooming or bleaching. It is apparent that protein-based identification using the human hair proteome would play a major role in understanding these parameters akin to DNA single nucleotide polymorphism profiling, up to single amino acid polymorphism resolution. Hence, this work seeks to identify and discuss the progress made thus far in the field of molecular hair testing using proteomic approaches, and identify ways in which proteomics would improve the field of hair research, considering that the human hair is mostly composed of proteins. Gaps in hair proteomics research are identified and the potential of hair proteomics in establishing a historic medical repository of normal and disease-specific proteome is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry A Adeola
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jennifer C Van Wyk
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Afolake Arowolo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Reginald M Ngwanya
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Khwezikazi Mkentane
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nonhlanhla P Khumalo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
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8
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Wei J, Xu H, Liu Y, Li B, Zhou F. Effect of captopril on radiation-induced TGF-β1 secretion in EA.Hy926 human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:20842-20850. [PMID: 28209920 PMCID: PMC5400550 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiological mechanism involved in the sustained endothelial secretion of cytokines that leads to fibrosis 6–16 months after radiotherapy remains unclear. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is produced by the endothelium in response to stressing stimuli, like radiation, and may induce the synthesis of TGF-β, a profibrotic cytokine. In this study we tested the hypothesis that captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, inhibits or attenuates radiation-induced endothelial TGF-β1 secretion. The human endothelial hybrid cell line EA.HY926 was irradiated with split doses of x-rays (28 Gy delivered in 14 fractions of 2 Gy). TGF-β1 mRNA, TNF-α mRNA and TGF-β1 protein levels were evaluated by RT-PCR and western blotting each month until the fifth month post radiation. Ang II was detected using radioimmunoassays, NF-κB activity was examined using EMSA, and western blotting was used to detect the expression of Iκ-Bα. To explore the role of Ang II on radiation-induced TGF-β1 release and Iκ-Bα expression, captopril was added to cultured cells before, during, or after irradiation. Sustained strong expression of TGF-β1 was observed after conventional fractionated irradiation. TNF-α, Ang II, and NF-κB activity were also increased in EA.Hy926 cells after radiation. Captopril decreased Ang II expression, inhibited the NF-κB pathway and reduced TGF-β1 expression. These data suggest that captopril might protect the endothelium from radiation-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingni Wei
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Centre, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yinyin Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Baiyu Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhou
- Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Centre, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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Ji ZH, Chen J, Gao W, Zhang JY, Quan FS, Hu JP, Yuan B, Ren WZ. Cutaneous transcriptome analysis in NIH hairless mice. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182463. [PMID: 28787439 PMCID: PMC5546695 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice with spontaneous coat mutations are ideal animal models for studying skin development and tumorigenesis. In this study, skin hair growth cycle abnormalities were examined in NIH hairless mice 42 days after birth (P42) by using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. To examine the gene expression patterns in the skin of mutant mice, the dorsal skin of P42 female NIH mice and NIH hairless mice was sequenced by RNA-Seq, and 5,068 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (false discovery rate [FDR] ≥ 2, P < 0.05). A pathway analysis showed that basal cell carcinoma, the cell cycle and the Hippo, Hedgehog and Wnt signaling pathways were up-regulated in NIH hairless mice. Previous studies have shown that these pathways are closely associated with cell proliferation, cell cycle, organ size and cancer development. In contrast, signal transduction, bacterial and parasitic infection, and receptor-mediated pathways, including calcium signaling, were down-regulated in NIH hairless mice. A gene interaction network analysis was performed to identify genes related to hair follicle development. To verify the reliability of the RNA-Seq results, we used q-PCR to analyze 12 key genes identified from the gene interaction network analysis, including eight down-regulated and four up-regulated genes, and the results confirmed the reliability of the RNA-Seq results. Finally, we constructed the differential gene expression profiles of mutant mice by RNA-Seq. NIH hairless mice exhibited abnormalities in hair development and immune-related pathways. Pik3r1 and Pik3r3 were identified as key genes, laying the foundation for additional in-depth studies of hairless mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Hao Ji
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Yu Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fu-Shi Quan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Ping Hu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Bao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Ren
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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