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Liu G, Gao Y, Wang H, Wang Y, Chen J, Zhang P, Ma H. Premature Termination Codon of 1Dy12 Gene Improves Cookie Quality in Ningmai9 Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:835164. [PMID: 35646032 PMCID: PMC9134186 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.835164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The area between middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is the largest region for soft wheat production in China. In soft wheat breeding, the lack of germplasm with desirable quality for end-use products is a barrier. Ningmai9 is the main variety of soft wheat planted in this area. To create germplasm with better quality and yield potential than Ningmai9, mutants of HMW-GSs in Ningmai9 induced by ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) were obtained. SDS-PAGE showed that two mutants, md10 and md11, were HMW-GS 1Dy deletions. DNA sequencing confirmed that one mutation was caused by a C/T substitution, resulting in the change of CAA encoding glutamine into the termination codon TAA, and another mutation was due to a G/A substitution in the central repetitive domain of the coding region, causing TGG encoding tryptophan to become the termination codon TGA. The premature termination codon of the 1Dy12 gene affected the expression of 1Dy12 and kept the mRNA at a lower transcription level during the kernel development stage in comparison with the wild type. HMW-GS 1Dy12 deletion mutants decreased the content of HMW-GSs and glutenin macropolymers, mixograph envelope peak time and TIMEX width, water solvent retention capacity (WSRC), and lactic acid solvent retention capacity (LASRC). In the HMW-GS 1Dy12 deletion lines, the sugar-snap cookie diameter was 8.70-8.74 cm, which was significantly larger than that in the wild type of 8.0 cm. There were no significant differences in spike number, kernel number, thousand kernel weight, and yield between the deletion lines and wild type. Overall, the study indicated that the knockout of the HMW-GS gene induced by EMS is an effective way to improve wheat quality, and deletion mutants of HMW-GS 1Dy12 decrease gluten strength and increase sugar snap cookie diameter without yield penalty in Ningmai9 wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxiao Liu
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Lab of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yujiao Gao
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Lab of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huadun Wang
- Co-innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Lab of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Lab of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Co-innovation Center for Modern Crop Production Co-sponsored by Province and Ministry, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxiang Ma
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Lab of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunits: Genetics, Structures, and Relation to End Use Qualities. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010184. [PMID: 33375389 PMCID: PMC7795185 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) are storage proteins present in the starchy endosperm cells of wheat grain. Encoding the synthesis of HMW-GS, the Glu-1 loci located on the long arms of group 1 chromosomes of the hexaploid wheat (1A, 1B, and 1D) present multiple allelism. In hexaploid wheat cultivars, almost all of them express 3 to 5 HMW-GSs and the 1Ay gene is always silent. Though HMW-GSs are the minor components in gluten, they are crucial for dough properties, and certain HMW-GSs make more positive contributions than others. The HMW-GS acts as a "chain extender" and provides a disulfide-bonded backbone in gluten network. Hydrogen bonds mediated by glutamine side chains are also crucial for stabilizing the gluten structure. In most cases, HMW-GSs with additional or less cysteines are related to the formation of relatively more or less interchain disulfide bonds and HMW-GSs also affect the gluten secondary structures, which in turn impact the end use qualities of dough.
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Shin D, Cha JK, Lee SM, Kabange NR, Lee JH. Rapid and Easy High-Molecular-Weight Glutenin Subunit Identification System by Lab-on-a-Chip in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9111517. [PMID: 33182289 PMCID: PMC7695314 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lab-on-a-chip technology is an emerging and convenient system to easily and quickly separate proteins of high molecular weight. The current study established a high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) identification system using Lab-on-a-chip for three, six, and three of the allelic variations at the Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D1 loci, respectively, which are commonly used in wheat breeding programs. The molecular weight of 1Ax1 and 1Ax2* encoded by Glu-A1 locus were of 200 kDa and 192 kDa and positioned below 1Dx subunits. The HMW-GS encoded by Glu-B1 locus were electrophoresed in the following order below 1Ax1 and 1Ax2*: 1Bx13 ≥ 1Bx7 = 1Bx7OE > 1Bx17 > 1By16 > 1By8 = 1By18 > 1By9. 1Dx2 and Dx5 showed around 4-kDa difference in their molecular weights, with 1Dy10 and 1Dy12 having 11-kDa difference, and were clearly differentiated on Lab-on-a-chip. Additionally, some of the HMW-GS, including 1By8, 1By18, and 1Dy10, having different theoretical molecular weights showed similar electrophoretic mobility patterns on Lab-on-a-chip. The relative protein amount of 1Bx7OE was two-fold higher than that of 1Bx7 or 1Dx5 and, therefore, translated a significant increase in the protein amount in 1Bx7OE. Similarly, the relative protein amounts of 8 & 10 and 10 & 18 were higher than each subunit taken alone. Therefore, this study suggests the established HMW-GS identification system using Lab-on-a-chip as a reliable approach for evaluating HMW-GS for wheat breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjin Shin
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-350-1185; Fax: +82-55-352-3059
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Effects of 1Dy12 subunit silencing on seed storage protein accumulation and flour-processing quality in a common wheat somatic variation line. Food Chem 2020; 335:127663. [PMID: 32738540 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Dissecting the functions of high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) is helpful for improving wheat quality via breeding. In this study, we used a wheat mutant AS273 in which HMW-GS 1Dy12 was silenced to investigate the silencing mechanism of 1Dy12 and its effects on gluten accumulation and flour-processing quality. Results suggested that the expression of 1Dy12 in AS273 was decreased by one fifth during grain development; a stop codon produced by a base mutation (C/T) led to truncated translation; the absence of 1Dy12 stimulated the accumulation of low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GSs), gliadins, and glutenin macropolymers, and was resulted in larger protein bodies; AS273 had an inferior flour-processing performance. Based on the outputs achieved in this study it is concluded that 1Dy12 makes important contributions to bread, sponge cake and biscuit-processing quality.
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Duan L, Han S, Wang K, Jiang P, Gu Y, Chen L, Mu J, Ye X, Li Y, Yan Y, Li X. Analyzing the action of evolutionarily conserved modules on HMW-GS 1Ax1 promoter activity. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:225-237. [PMID: 31820284 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00943-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The specific and high-level expression of 1Ax1 is determined by different promoter regions. HMW-GS synthesis occurs in aleurone layer cells. Heterologous proteins can be stored in protein bodies. High-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) is highly expressed in the endosperm of wheat and relative species, where their expression level and allelic variation affect the bread-making quality and nutrient quality of flour. However, the mechanism regulating HMW-GS expression remains elusive. In this study, we analyzed the distribution of cis-acting elements in the 2659-bp promoter region of the HMW-GS gene 1Ax1, which can be divided into five element-enriched regions. Fragments derived from progressive 5' deletions were used to drive GUS gene expression in transgenic wheat, which was confirmed in aleurone layer cells, inner starchy endosperm cells, starchy endosperm transfer cells, and aleurone transfer cells by histochemical staining. The promoter region ranging from - 297 to - 1 was responsible for tissue-specific expression, while fragments from - 1724 to - 618 and from - 618 to - 297 were responsible for high-level expression. Under the control of the 1Ax1 promoter, heterologous protein could be stored in the form of protein bodies in inner starchy endosperm cells, even without a special location signal. Our findings not only deepen our understanding of glutenin expression regulation, trafficking, and accumulation but also provide a strategy for the utilization of wheat endosperm as a bioreactor for the production of nutrients and metabolic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luning Duan
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Shichen Han
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Ke Wang
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Peihong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yunsong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Junyi Mu
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xingguo Ye
- National Wheat Improvement Center, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yaxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yueming Yan
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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Chen Q, Zhang W, Gao Y, Yang C, Gao X, Peng H, Hu Z, Xin M, Ni Z, Zhang P, Ma H, Sun Q, Yao Y. High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits 1Bx7 and 1By9 Encoded by Glu-B1 Locus Affect Wheat Dough Properties and Sponge Cake Quality. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11796-11804. [PMID: 31589426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b05030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
High molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs) are important components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) gluten proteins that affect the processing quality of wheat dough. However, the contributions of individual HMW-GS to sponge cake quality still remain unclear. To investigate the effects of 1Bx7 and 1By9 at Glu-B1 on wheat gluten properties and sponge cake quality, we screened an ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized wheat population and obtained two independent mutants that lack 1Bx7 and another two mutants that lack 1By9. The absence of 1Bx7 or 1By9 significantly affects the accumulation levels of gluten proteins and the formation of a gluten network. Quality testing indicated that the lack of 1Bx7 or 1By9 leads to weaker dough strength and inferior sponge cake performance. These results demonstrate that 1Bx7 and 1By9 make important contributions to gluten functionality and sponge cake quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
- Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding , Ministry of Education , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Wenjia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
- Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding , Ministry of Education , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Yujiao Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
- Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding , Ministry of Education , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Changfeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
- Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding , Ministry of Education , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy , Northwest A & F University , Yangling , Shaanxi 712100 , China
| | - Huiru Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
- Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding , Ministry of Education , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Zhaorong Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
- Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding , Ministry of Education , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Mingming Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
- Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding , Ministry of Education , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
- Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding , Ministry of Education , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Pingping Zhang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Food Crops , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014 , China
| | - Hongxiang Ma
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology, Institute of Food Crops , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing 210014 , China
| | - Qixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
- Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding , Ministry of Education , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Yingyin Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
- Joint Laboratory for International Cooperation in Crop Molecular Breeding , Ministry of Education , Beijing 100193 , China
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Zhou J, Liu D, Deng X, Zhen S, Wang Z, Yan Y. Effects of water deficit on breadmaking quality and storage protein compositions in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018. [PMID: 29532474 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Water deficiency affects grain proteome dynamics and storage protein compositions, resulting in changes in gluten viscoelasticity. In this study, the effects of field water deficit on wheat breadmaking quality and grain storage proteins were investigated. RESULTS Water deficiency produced a shorter grain-filling period, a decrease in grain number, grain weight and grain yield, a reduced starch granule size and increased protein content and glutenin macropolymer contents, resulting in superior dough properties and breadmaking quality. Reverse phase ultra-performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the total gliadin and glutenin content and the accumulation of individual components were significantly increased by water deficiency. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis detected 144 individual storage protein spots with significant accumulation changes in developing grains under water deficit. Comparative proteomic analysis revealed that water deficiency resulted in significant upregulation of 12 gliadins, 12 high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits and 46 low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the expression of storage protein biosynthesis-related transcription factors Dof and Spa was upregulated by water deficiency. CONCLUSION The present results illustrated that water deficiency leads to increased accumulation of storage protein components and upregulated expression of Dof and Spa, resulting in an improvement in glutenin strength and breadmaking quality. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Zhou
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongmiao Liu
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiong Deng
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shoumin Zhen
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueming Yan
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
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Expressed Ay HMW glutenin subunit in Australian wheat cultivars indicates a positive effect on wheat quality. J Cereal Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Boukid F, Mejri M, Pellegrini N, Sforza S, Prandi B. How Looking for Celiac-Safe Wheat Can Influence Its Technological Properties. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2017; 16:797-807. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Boukid
- Plant Protection and Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax; Univ. of Sfax; Tunisia
- Food and Drug Dept.; Univ. di Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Mondher Mejri
- Plant Protection and Improvement Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax; Univ. of Sfax; Tunisia
| | - Nicoletta Pellegrini
- Food and Drug Dept.; Univ. di Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A 43124 Parma Italy
- Food Quality Design Group; Wageningen Univ.; PO Box 8129 Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Stefano Sforza
- Food and Drug Dept.; Univ. di Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Barbara Prandi
- Food and Drug Dept.; Univ. di Parma; Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A 43124 Parma Italy
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Bromilow SNL, Gethings LA, Langridge JI, Shewry PR, Buckley M, Bromley MJ, Mills ENC. Comprehensive Proteomic Profiling of Wheat Gluten Using a Combination of Data-Independent and Data-Dependent Acquisition. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 7:2020. [PMID: 28119711 PMCID: PMC5223596 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.02020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is the most important food crop in the world, the unique physiochemical properties of wheat gluten enabling a diverse range of food products to be manufactured. However, genetic and environmental factors affect the technological properties of gluten in unpredictable ways. Although newer proteomic methods have the potential to offer much greater levels of information, it is the older gel-based methods that remain most commonly used to identify compositional differences responsible for the variation in gluten functionality, in part due to the nature of their primary sequences. A combination of platforms were investigated for comprehensive gluten profiling: a QTOF with a data independent schema, which incorporated ion mobility (DIA-IM-MS) and a data dependent acquisition (DDA) workflow using a linear ion trap quadrupole (LTQ) instrument. In conjunction with a manually curated gluten sequence database a total of 2736 gluten peptides were identified with only 157 peptides identified by both platforms. These data showed 127 and 63 gluten protein accessions to be inferred with a minimum of one and three unique peptides respectively. Of the 63 rigorously identified proteins, 26 were gliadin species (4 ω-, 14 α-, and 8 γ-gliadins) and 37 glutenins (including 29 LMW glutenin and 8 HMW glutenins). Of the HMW glutenins, three were 1Dx type and five were 1Bx type illustrating the challenge of unambiguous identification of highly polymorphic proteins without cultivar specific gene sequences. The capacity of the platforms to sequence longer peptides was crucial to achieving the number of identifications, the combination of QTOF-LTQ technology being more important than extraction method to obtain a comprehensive profile. Widespread glutamine deamidation, a post-translational modification, was observed adding complexity to an already highly polymorphic mixture of proteins, with numerous insertions, deletions and substitutions. The data shown is the most comprehensive and detailed proteomic profile of gluten to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie N. L. Bromilow
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of ManchesterManchester, UK
| | | | | | | | - Michael Buckley
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of ManchesterManchester, UK
| | | | - E. N. Clare Mills
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of ManchesterManchester, UK
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Baránek M, Čechová J, Kovacs T, Eichmeier A, Wang S, Raddová J, Nečas T, Ye X. Use of Combined MSAP and NGS Techniques to Identify Differentially Methylated Regions in Somaclones: A Case Study of Two Stable Somatic Wheat Mutants. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165749. [PMID: 27792769 PMCID: PMC5085084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of somaclonal variability induced by in vitro cultivation is relatively frequent and can, in some cases, provide a valuable source of new genetic variation for crop improvement. The cause of this phenomenon remains unknown; however, there are a number of reports suggesting that epigenetics, including DNA methylations, are an important factor. In addition to the non-heritable DNA methylation changes caused by transient and reversible stress-responsive gene regulation, recent evidence supports the existence of mitotically and meiotically inherited changes. The induction of phenotypes via stable DNA methylation changes has occasionally great economical value; however, very little is known about the genetic or molecular basis of these phenotypes. We used a novel approach consisting of a standard MSAP analysis followed by deep amplicon sequencing to better understand this phenomenon. Our models included two wheat genotypes, and their somaclones induced using in vitro cultivation with a changed heritable phenotype (shortened stem height and silenced high molecular weight glutenin). Using this novel procedure, we obtained information on the dissimilarity of DNA methylation landscapes between the standard cultivar and its respective somaclones, and we extracted the sequences and genome regions that were differentially methylated between subjects. Transposable elements were identified as the most likely factor for producing changes in somaclone properties. In summary, the novel approach of combining MSAP and NGS is relatively easy and widely applicable, which is a rather unique feature compared with the currently available techniques in the epigenetics field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Baránek
- Mendeleum–Department of Genetics, Horticulture Faculty of Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
| | - Jana Čechová
- Mendeleum–Department of Genetics, Horticulture Faculty of Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
| | | | - Aleš Eichmeier
- Mendeleum–Department of Genetics, Horticulture Faculty of Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
| | - Shunli Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jana Raddová
- Mendeleum–Department of Genetics, Horticulture Faculty of Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Nečas
- Department of Fruit Growing, Horticulture Faculty of Mendel University in Brno, Lednice, Czech Republic
| | - Xingguo Ye
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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