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Koide E, Mohardt ML, Doctor ZM, Yang A, Hao M, Donovan KA, Kuismi CC, Nelson AJ, Abell K, Aguiar M, Che J, Stokes MP, Zhang T, Aguirre AJ, Fischer ES, Gray NS, Jiang B, Nabet B. Development and Characterization of Selective FAK Inhibitors and PROTACs with In Vivo Activity. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300141. [PMID: 37088717 PMCID: PMC10590827 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is an attractive drug target due to its overexpression in cancer. FAK functions as a non-receptor tyrosine kinase and scaffolding protein, coordinating several downstream signaling effectors and cellular processes. While drug discovery efforts have largely focused on targeting FAK kinase activity, FAK inhibitors have failed to show efficacy as single agents in clinical trials. Here, using structure-guided design, we report the development of a selective FAK inhibitor (BSJ-04-175) and degrader (BSJ-04-146) to evaluate the consequences and advantages of abolishing all FAK activity in cancer models. BSJ-04-146 achieves rapid and potent FAK degradation with high proteome-wide specificity in cancer cells and induces durable degradation in mice. Compared to kinase inhibition, targeted degradation of FAK exhibits pronounced improved activity on downstream signaling and cancer cell viability and migration. Together, BSJ-04-175 and BSJ-04-146 are valuable chemical tools to dissect the specific consequences of targeting FAK through small-molecule inhibition or degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Koide
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mikaela L. Mohardt
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zainab M. Doctor
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Annan Yang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingfeng Hao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katherine A. Donovan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jianwei Che
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Tinghu Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Chem-H and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Andrew J. Aguirre
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Eric S. Fischer
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Chem-H and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Baishan Jiang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Behnam Nabet
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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2
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Zhang J, Li W, Wang W, Chen Q, Xu Z, Deng M, Zhou L, He G. Dual roles of FAK in tumor angiogenesis: A review focused on pericyte FAK. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 947:175694. [PMID: 36967077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), also known as protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2), is a ubiquitously expressed non-receptor tyrosine kinase, that plays a pivotal role in integrin-mediated signal transduction. Endothelial FAK is upregulated in many types of cancer and promotes tumorigenesis and tumor progression. However, recent studies have shown that pericyte FAK has the opposite effect. This review article dissects the mechanisms, by which endothelial cells (ECs) and pericyte FAK regulate angiogenesis, with an emphasis on the Gas6/Axl pathway. In particular, this article discusses the role of pericyte FAK loss on angiogenesis during tumorigenesis and metastasis. In addition, the existing challenges and future application of drug-based anti-FAK targeted therapies will be discussed to provide a theoretical basis for further development and use of FAK inhibitors.
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3
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Kondapuram SK, Coumar MS. Pan-cancer gene expression analysis: Identification of deregulated autophagy genes and drugs to target them. Gene X 2022; 844:146821. [PMID: 35985410 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying suitable deregulated targets in autophagy pathway is essential for developing autophagy modulating cancer therapies. With this aim, we systematically analyzed the expression levels of genes that contribute to the execution of autophagy in 21 cancers. Deregulated genes for 21 cancers were analyzed using the level 3 mRNA data from TCGAbiolinks. A total of 574 autophagy genes were mapped to the deregulated genes across 21 cancers. PPI network, cluster analysis, gene enrichment, gene ontology, KEGG pathway, patient survival, protein expression and cMap analysis were performed. Among the autophagy genes, 260 were upregulated, and 43 were downregulated across pan-cancer. The upregulated autophagy genes - CDKN2A and BIRC5 - were the most frequent signatures in cancers and could be universal cancer biomarkers. Significant involvement of autophagy process was found in 8 cancers (CHOL, HNSC, GBM, KICH, KIRC, KIRP, LIHC and SARC). Fifteen autophagy hub genes (ATP6V0C, BIRC5, HDAC1, IL4, ITGB1, ITGB4, MAPK3, mTOR, cMYC, PTK2, SRC, TCIRG1, TP63, TP73 and ULK1) were found to be linked with patients survival and also expressed in cancer patients tissue samples, making them as potential drug targets for these cancers. The deregulated autophagy genes were further used to identify drugs Losartan, BMS-345541, Embelin, Abexinostat, Panobinostat, Vorinostat, PD-184352, PP-1, XMD-1150, Triplotide, Doxorubicin and Ouabain, which could target one or more autophagy hub genes. Overall, our findings shed light on the most frequent cancer-associated autophagy genes, potential autophagy targets and molecules for cancer treatment. These findings can accelerate autophagy modulation in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sree Karani Kondapuram
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry- 605014, India
| | - Mohane Selvaraj Coumar
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Kalapet, Puducherry- 605014, India.
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4
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Kosibaty Z, Brustugun OT, Zwicky Eide IJ, Tsakonas G, Grundberg O, De Petris L, McGowan M, Hydbring P, Ekman S. Ras-Related Protein Rab-32 and Thrombospondin 1 Confer Resistance to the EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Osimertinib by Activating Focal Adhesion Kinase in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143430. [PMID: 35884490 PMCID: PMC9317954 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Osimertinib is a third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor and the standard of care therapy for non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring EGFR-activating mutations. However, even for patients treated with osimertinib, resistance inevitably occurs leading to disease progression. Here, we utilized two osimertinib-resistant cell lines and investigated their RNA profiles. We found that Ras-related protein Rab-32 (RAB32) and thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) were upregulated and associated with resistance in osimertinib-resistant cells as well as in liquid biopsies from patients with disease progression following osimertinib treatment. Moreover, we found RAB32 and THBS1 to be mechanistically linked to activation of the focal adhesion pathway where combination of osimertinib with a FAK inhibitor resulted in a synergistic suppression of viability of osimertinib-resistant cells. Our findings propose a potential therapeutic strategy for overcoming acquired resistance to osimertinib in non-small cell lung cancer. Abstract Treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) osimertinib is the standard of care for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Osimertinib is also used in T790M-positive NSCLC that may occur de novo or be acquired following first-line treatment with other EGFR TKIs (i.e., gefitinib, erlotinib, afatinib, or dacomitinib). However, patients treated with osimertinib have a high risk of developing resistance to the treatment. A substantial fraction of the mechanisms for resistance is unknown and may involve RNA and/or protein alterations. In this study, we investigated the full transcriptome of parental and osimertinib-resistant cell lines, revealing 131 differentially expressed genes. Knockdown screening of the genes upregulated in resistant cell lines uncovered eight genes to partly confer resistance to osimertinib. Among them, we detected the expression of Ras-related protein Rab-32 (RAB32) and thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) in plasmas sampled at baseline and at disease progression from EGFR-positive NSCLC patients treated with osimertinib. Both genes were upregulated in progression samples. Moreover, we found that knockdown of RAB32 and THBS1 reduced the expression of phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Combination of osimertinib with a FAK inhibitor resulted in synergistic toxicity in osimertinib-resistant cells, suggesting a potential therapeutic drug combination for overcoming resistance to osimertinib in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Kosibaty
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden; (Z.K.); (G.T.); (L.D.P.); (P.H.)
| | - Odd Terje Brustugun
- Section of Oncology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, 3004 Drammen, Norway; (O.T.B.); (I.J.Z.E.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Inger Johanne Zwicky Eide
- Section of Oncology, Drammen Hospital, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, 3004 Drammen, Norway; (O.T.B.); (I.J.Z.E.)
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Georgios Tsakonas
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden; (Z.K.); (G.T.); (L.D.P.); (P.H.)
- Thoracic Oncology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Oscar Grundberg
- Thoracic Oncology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Luigi De Petris
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden; (Z.K.); (G.T.); (L.D.P.); (P.H.)
- Thoracic Oncology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Marc McGowan
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Per Hydbring
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden; (Z.K.); (G.T.); (L.D.P.); (P.H.)
| | - Simon Ekman
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden; (Z.K.); (G.T.); (L.D.P.); (P.H.)
- Thoracic Oncology Center, Karolinska University Hospital, 17164 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Akademiska Straket 1, BioClinicum J6:20, 17164 Solna, Sweden
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-725721111
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5
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Choi J, Park S. A nanomechanical strategy involving focal adhesion kinase for overcoming drug resistance in breast cancer. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2022; 43:102559. [PMID: 35390528 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite implementation of nanomechanical studies in cancer research, studies on the nanomechanical aspects of drug resistance in cancer are lacking. Here, we established the mechanical signatures of drug-resistant breast cancer cells using atomic force microscopy-based indentation techniques and functionalized nanopatterned substrates (NPS). Additionally, we examined the expression of proteins pertinent to focal adhesions in order to elucidate the molecular signatures responsible for the acquisition of drug resistance in breast cancer cells. Drug-resistant breast cancer cells exhibited mechanical reinforcement, increased actin stress fibers, dysfunctional mechano-reciprocal interaction with the NPS, vinculin overexpression, and improved focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activity. Owing to differences in FAK activation upon co-treatment with a FAK inhibitor, the drug-resistant breast cancer cells were eradicated more efficiently than invasive breast cancer cells having pro-survival activity. These findings demonstrated the potential of a novel co-treatment regimen using FAK inhibitors for overcoming drug resistance in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsol Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeun Park
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Effects of miRNA-149-5p and Platelet-Activating Factor-Receptor Signaling on the Growth and Targeted Therapy Response on Lung Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126772. [PMID: 35743223 PMCID: PMC9223644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRs) play critical roles in essentially all biological processes and their altered expression has been documented in various disease conditions, including human malignancies. Although several cellular mechanisms have been identified in mediating the effects of miRs, the involvement of G-protein-coupled, platelet-activating factor-receptor (PAFR) signaling in miR-149-5p-induced effects on lung cancer growth and therapeutic potential has not been studied. To that end, we first evaluated the functional significance of PAFR and miR-149-5p in A549 and H1299 human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. We observed that these tumor lines express endogenous PAFR and miR-149-5p and that PAFR activation by PAF agonist (CPAF) significantly increased, whereas miR-149-5p mimic transfection inhibited cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, miR-149-5p mimic significantly attenuated CPAF-mediated increased proliferation of NSCLC cells, as confirmed by miR-149-5p, cyclin D1, and forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) expression analysis via qPCR. Our next studies examined PAFR- and miR-149-5p-mediated effects on targeted therapy (i.e., erlotinib and gefitinib) responses. We observed that erlotinib and gefitinib inhibited A549 and H1299 cell survival in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and CPAF significantly blocked this effect. These findings indicate that miR-149-5p blocks PAFR-mediated increased cell proliferation, and PAFR activation attenuates the cytotoxic effects of targeted therapy.
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7
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Targeting the FAK-Src Complex in Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumors, Ewing Sarcoma, and Rhabdomyosarcoma. Sarcoma 2022; 2022:3089424. [PMID: 35655525 PMCID: PMC9153931 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3089424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmoplastic small round cell tumors (DSRCTs), Ewing sarcoma (ES), and alveolar and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS and ERMS) are malignant sarcomas typically occurring at young age, with a poor prognosis in the metastatic setting. New treatment options are necessary. Src family kinase inhibitor dasatinib single-agent treatment has been investigated in a phase 2 study in patients with advanced sarcomas including ES and RMS but failed as a single agent in these subtypes. Since previous studies demonstrated high FAK and Src activities in RMS and ES tissue and cell lines, and dasatinib treatment was shown to upregulate activated FAK, we hypothesized that FAK-Src combination treatment could potentially be an interesting treatment option for these tumor types. We examined the effects of targeting the FAK-Src complex by addressing (p)FAK and (p)Src expressions in tumor sections of DSRCT (n = 13), ES (n = 68), ARMS (n = 21), and ERMS (n = 39) and by determining the antitumor effects of single and combined treatment with FAK inhibitor defactinib and multikinase (Abl/SFK) inhibitor dasatinib in vitro on cell lines of each subtype. In vivo effects were assessed in DSRCT and ERMS models. Concurrent pFAK and pSrc expressions (H-score >50) were observed in DSRCT (67%), ES (6%), ARMS (35%), and ERMS (19%) samples. Defactinib treatment decreased pFAK expression and reduced cell viability in all subtypes. Dasatinib treatment decreased pSrc expression and cell viability in each subtype. Combination treatment led to a complete reduction in pFAK and pSrc in each cell line and showed enhanced cell viability reduction, drug synergy, DNA damage induction, and a trend toward higher apoptosis induction in DSRCT, ERMS, and ARMS but not in ES cells. These promising in vitro results unfortunately do not translate into promising in vivo results as we did not observe a significant effect on tumor volume in vivo, and the combination did not show superior effects compared to dasatinib single-agent treatment.
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8
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Gunn SA, Kreps LM, Zhao H, Landon K, Ilacqua JS, Addison CL. Focal Adhesion Kinase Inhibitors Prevent Osteoblast Mineralization in Part Due to Suppression of Akt-mediated stabilization of Osterix. J Bone Oncol 2022; 34:100432. [PMID: 35620245 PMCID: PMC9126966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2022.100432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological blockade of FAK results in reduced ALP expression and mineralization by differentiated osteoblasts. Although FAK inhibition resulted in increased levels of BMP2, Wnt3a and Mdm2, and decreased p53, alteration of these pathways was unable to restore mineralization in the presence of FAK tyrosine kinase inhibitors. FAK tyrosine kinase inhibitors resulted in decreased levels of phospho-S473 Akt which led to increased levels of active GSK3β which in turn inhibited Runx2 activity that could contribute to the observed reduced ALP levels. FAK tyrosine kinase inhibitors blocked Akt-mediated stabilization of osterix leading to decreased overall levels of osterix and impaired mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells differentiated into osteoblasts.
Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) is an important regulator of tumor cell proliferation, survival and metastasis. As such it has become a therapeutic target of interest in cancer. Previous studies suggested that use of FAK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) blocks osteolysis in in vivo models of bone metastasis. However, from these studies it was not clear whether FAK TKIs blocked bone degradation by osteoclasts or also promoted bone formation by osteoblasts. In this study we evaluated whether use of the FAK TKI PF-562,271 affected the differentiation of pre-osteoblasts, or activity of mature differentiated osteoblasts. MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cells were treated with various doses of PF-562,271 following 3 or 10 days of differentiation which led to the inhibition of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression and reduced viable cell numbers in a dose-dependent manner. MC3T3-E1 cells which had been differentiated for 21 days prior to treatment with PF-562,271 showed a dose dependent decrease in mineralization as assessed by Alizarin Red staining, with concomitant decreased expression of ALP which is known to facilitate the bone mineralization activity of osteoblasts, however mRNA levels of the transcription factors RUNX2 and osterix which are important for osteoblast maturation and mineralization appeared unaffected at this time point. We speculated that this may be due to altered function of RUNX2 protein due to inhibitory phosphorylation by GSK3β. We found treatment with PF-562,271 resulted in increased GSK3β activity as measured by reduced levels of phospho-Ser9-GSK3β which would result in phosphorylation and inhibition of RUNX2. Treatment of 21 day differentiated MC3T3-E1 cells with PF-562,271 in combination with GSK3β inhibitors partially restored mineralization however this was not statistically significant. As we observed that FAK TKI also resulted in suppression of Akt, which is known to alter osterix protein stability downstream of RUNX2, we examined protein levels by western blot and found a dose-dependent decrease in osterix in FAK TKI treated differentiated MC3T3-E1 cells which is likely responsible for the reduced mineralization observed. Taken together our results suggest that use of FAK TKIs as therapeutics in the bone metastatic setting may block new bone formation as an off-target effect and thereby exacerbate the defective bone regulation that is characteristic of the bone metastatic environment.
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9
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Jain AP, Radhakrishnan A, Pinto S, Patel K, Kumar M, Nanjappa V, Raja R, Keshava Prasad TS, Mathur PP, Sidransky D, Chatterjee A, Gowda H. How to Achieve Therapeutic Response in Erlotinib-Resistant Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma? New Insights from Stable Isotope Labeling with Amino Acids in Cell Culture-Based Quantitative Tyrosine Phosphoproteomics. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2021; 25:605-616. [PMID: 34432535 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2021.0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Resistance to cancer chemotherapy is a major global health burden. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a proven therapeutic target for multiple cancers of epithelial origin. Despite its overexpression in >90% of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients, tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as erlotinib have shown a modest response in clinical trials. Cellular heterogeneity is thought to play an important role in HNSCC therapeutic resistance. Genomic alterations alone cannot explain all resistance mechanisms at play in a heterogeneous system. It is thus important to understand the biochemical mechanisms associated with drug resistance to determine potential strategies to achieve clinical response. We investigated tyrosine kinase signaling networks in erlotinib-resistant cells using quantitative tyrosine phosphoproteomics approach. We observed altered phosphorylation of proteins involved in cell adhesion and motility in erlotinib-resistant cells. Bioinformatics analysis revealed enrichment of pathways related to regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, and endothelial migration. Of importance, enrichment of the focal adhesion kinase (PTK2) signaling pathway downstream of EGFR was also observed in erlotinib-resistant cells. To the best of our knowledge, we present the first report of tyrosine phosphoproteome profiling in erlotinib-resistant HNSCC, with an eye to inform new ways to achieve clinical response. Our findings suggest that common signaling networks are at play in driving resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies in HNSCC and other cancers. Most notably, our data suggest that the PTK2 pathway genes may potentially play a significant role in determining clinical response to erlotinib in HNSCC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit P Jain
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India.,School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Sneha Pinto
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Krishna Patel
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India.,School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | | | - Remya Raja
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India
| | - Thottethodi Subrahmanya Keshava Prasad
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India.,Proteomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Premendu P Mathur
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, India.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
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10
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Chan GK, McGrath JA, Parsons M. Spatial activation of ezrin by epidermal growth factor receptor and focal adhesion kinase co-ordinates epithelial cell migration. Open Biol 2021; 11:210166. [PMID: 34375550 PMCID: PMC8354753 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a critical role in the promotion of epithelial cell proliferation and migration. Previous studies have suggested a cooperative role between EGFR and integrin signalling pathways that enable efficient adhesion and migration but the mechanisms controlling this remain poorly defined. Here, we show that EGFR forms a complex with focal adhesion kinase in epithelial cells. Surprisingly, this complex enhances local Src activity at focal adhesions to promote phosphorylation of the cytoskeletal adaptor protein ezrin at Y478, leading to actomyosin contractility, suppression of focal adhesion dynamics and slower migration. We further demonstrate this regulation of Src is due to the suppression of PTP1B activity. Our data provide new insight into EGF-independent cooperation between EGFR and integrins and suggest transient interactions between these kinases at the leading edge of cells act to spatially control signalling to permit efficient motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace K Chan
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - John A McGrath
- St Johns Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
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11
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Brullo C, Tasso B. New Insights on Fak and Fak Inhibitors. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3318-3338. [PMID: 33143618 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666201103162239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Focal adhesion kinase (Fak) is a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase overexpressed and activated in different solid cancers; it has shown an important role in metastasis formation, cell migration, invasion and angiogenesis and consequently it has been proposed as a potential target in cancer therapy, particularly in a metastatic phase. In recent years, different investigations have highlighted the importance of new Fak inhibitors as potential anti-cancer drugs, but other studies evidenced its role in different pathologies related to the cardiac function or viral infection. METHODS An extensive bibliographic research (104 references) has been done concerning the structure of Fak, its importance in tumor development, but also in other pathologies currently under study. The compounds currently subjected to clinical studies were therefore treated using the appropriate databases. Finally, the main chemical scaffolds currently under preclinical investigation were analyzed, focusing on their molecular structures and on the activity structure relationships (SAR). RESULTS At the moment, only a few reversible ATP-competitive inhibitors are under investigation in pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. Other compounds, with different chemical scaffolds, are investigated to obtain more active and selective Fak inhibitors. This mini-review is a summary of different Fak functions in cancer and other pathologies; the compounds today in clinical trials and the recent chemical scaffolds (also included in patents) giving the most interesting results are investigated. In addition, PROTAC molecules are reported. CONCLUSION All reported results evidenced that additional studies are necessary to design and synthesize new selective and more active compounds, although promising information has been obtained from associations between Fak inhibitors and other different anti- cancer drugs. In addition, the other important roles evidenced, both at the nuclear level and in non-cancerous cells, make this protein an increasingly important target in pharmaceutical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Brullo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3-I16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Bruno Tasso
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genova, Viale Benedetto XV, 3-I16132 Genova, Italy
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12
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Marcellus KA, Crawford Parks TE, Almasi S, Jasmin BJ. Distinct roles for the RNA-binding protein Staufen1 in prostate cancer. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:120. [PMID: 33541283 PMCID: PMC7863451 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07844-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers with the second highest global rate of mortality in men. During the early stages of disease progression, tumour growth is local and androgen-dependent. Despite treatment, a large percentage of patients develop androgen-independent prostate cancer, which often results in metastases, a leading cause of mortality in these patients. Our previous work on the RNA-binding protein Staufen1 demonstrated its novel role in cancer biology, and in particular rhabdomyosarcoma tumorigenesis. To build upon this work, we have focused on the role of Staufen1 in other forms of cancer and describe here the novel and differential roles of Staufen1 in prostate cancer. METHODS Using a cell-based approach, three independent prostate cancer cell lines with different characteristics were used to evaluate the expression of Staufen1 in human prostate cancer relative to control prostate cells. The functional impact of Staufen1 on several key oncogenic features of prostate cancer cells including proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were systematically investigated. RESULTS We show that Staufen1 levels are increased in all human prostate cancer cells examined in comparison to normal prostate epithelial cells. Furthermore, Staufen1 differentially regulates growth, migration, and invasion in the various prostate cancer cells assessed. In LNCaP prostate cancer cells, Staufen1 regulates cell proliferation through mTOR activation. Conversely, Staufen1 regulates migration and invasion of the highly invasive, bone metastatic-derived, PC3 prostate cells via the activation of focal adhesion kinase. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results show that Staufen1 has a direct impact in prostate cancer development and further demonstrate that its functions vary amongst the prostate cancer cell types. Accordingly, Staufen1 represents a novel target for the development of much-needed therapeutic strategies for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A Marcellus
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H8M5, Canada.,The Eric J. Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tara E Crawford Parks
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H8M5, Canada.,The Eric J. Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shekoufeh Almasi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H8M5, Canada.,The Eric J. Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bernard J Jasmin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, Ontario, K1H8M5, Canada. .,The Eric J. Poulin Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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13
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Groendyke BJ, Nabet B, Mohardt ML, Zhang H, Peng K, Koide E, Coffey CR, Che J, Scott DA, Bass AJ, Gray NS. Discovery of a Pyrimidothiazolodiazepinone as a Potent and Selective Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) Inhibitor. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:30-38. [PMID: 33488961 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a tyrosine kinase with prominent roles in protein scaffolding, migration, angiogenesis, and anchorage-independent cell survival and is an attractive target for the development of cancer therapeutics. However, current FAK inhibitors display dual kinase inhibition and/or significant activity on several kinases. Although multitargeted activity is at times therapeutically advantageous, such behavior can also lead to toxicity and confound chemical-biology studies. We report a novel series of small molecules based on a tricyclic pyrimidothiazolodiazepinone core that displays both high potency and selectivity for FAK. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies explored modifications to the thiazole, diazepinone, and aniline "tail," which identified lead compound BJG-03-025. BJG-03-025 displays potent biochemical FAK inhibition (IC50 = 20 nM), excellent kinome selectivity, activity in 3D-culture breast and gastric cancer models, and favorable pharmacokinetic properties in mice. BJG-03-025 is a valuable chemical probe for evaluation of FAK-dependent biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J. Groendyke
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Behnam Nabet
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Mikaela L. Mohardt
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Haisheng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510515 Guangzhou, China
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ke Peng
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Eriko Koide
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Calvin R. Coffey
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jianwei Che
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - David A. Scott
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Adam J. Bass
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Nathanael S. Gray
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Platelet-Activating Factor-Receptor Signaling Mediates Targeted Therapies-Induced Microvesicle Particles Release in Lung Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228517. [PMID: 33198218 PMCID: PMC7696385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvesicle particles (MVP) secreted by a variety of cell types in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating pro-oxidative stressors have been implicated in modifying the cellular responses including the sensitivity to therapeutic agents. Our previous studies have shown that expression of a G-protein coupled, platelet-activating factor-receptor (PAFR) pathway plays critical roles in pro-oxidative stressors-mediated cancer growth and MVP release. As most therapeutic agents act as pro-oxidative stressors, the current studies were designed to determine the role of the PAFR signaling in targeted therapies (i.e., gefitinib and erlotinib)-mediated MVP release and underlying mechanisms using PAFR-expressing human A549 and H1299 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Our studies demonstrate that both gefitinib and erlotinib generate ROS in a dose-dependent manner in a process blocked by antioxidant and PAFR antagonist, verifying their pro-oxidative stressor’s ability, and the role of the PAFR in this effect. We observed that these targeted therapies induce MVP release in a dose- and time-dependent manner, similar to a PAFR-agonist, carbamoyl-PAF (CPAF), and PAFR-independent agonist, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), used as positive controls. To confirm the PAFR dependency, we demonstrate that siRNA-mediated PAFR knockdown or PAFR antagonist significantly blocked only targeted therapies- and CPAF-mediated but not PMA-induced MVP release. The use of pharmacologic inhibitor strategy suggested the involvement of the lipid ceramide-generating enzyme, acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) in MVP biogenesis, and observed that regardless of the stimuli used, aSMase inhibition significantly blocked MVP release. As mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK; ERK1/2 and p38) pathways crosstalk with PAFR, their inhibition also significantly attenuated targeted therapies-mediated MVP release. These findings indicate that PAFR signaling could be targeted to modify cellular responses of targeted therapies in lung cancer cells.
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15
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Prognostic value of TP53 co-mutation status combined with EGFR mutation in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2020; 146:2851-2859. [PMID: 32743759 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-020-03340-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE TP53/EGFR co-mutation has been reported to affect the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, its impact on survival is unclear. In this analysis, we explored the prognostic effect of TP53/EGFR co-mutation in LUAD. METHODS Clinical data and transcriptome sequencing of LUAD patients with matched genomic data were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for overall survival (OS) analysis. Differential expression genes (DEGs) were recognized by R software and bioconductor package. Clusterprofiler was used for functional analysis. STRING was used for estimating PPI information and plug-in CytoHubba to screen hub modules in Cytoscape. The association between tumor mutation burden (TMB) and survival was also analyzed. RESULTS OS was shorter for patients carrying TP53 mutation (MUT) than that of wild type (WT) (37.7 m vs 52.8 m; p = 0.040, HR = 1.38, 95% CI 1.01-1.89). Dual TP53/EGFR-MUT was associated with inferior OS compared with the dual WT/WT cohort (38.4 m vs 51.9 m; p = 0.023, HR 1.83, 95% CI 0.95-3.52). 316 DEGs between dual TP53/EGFR-MUT and dual WT/WT samples were obtained and functional analysis made known that DEGs were strikingly enriched in regulating the metabolism of important amino acids, cell division, cell cycle regulation, cell adhesion, and extracellular matrix composition. KEGG analysis discovered that DEGs were mainly enriched in signaling pathways such as PI3K-Akt, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, focal adhesions, and extracellular matrix receptor interaction. PPI network suggested that GPC3, CCL28, GPR37, and NPY genes were up-regulated in dual mutation samples. OS in the high TMB cohort was significantly better than that in the low TMB in patients with TP53 MUT(43.2 m vs 32.4 m; P = 0.007, HR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.34-0.81), as well as in the combination of TP53 MUT and EGFR WT group (44.4 m vs 31.2 m; P = 0.021, HR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.34 - 0.89). CONCLUSIONS TP53 MUT is a poor prognostic factor in LUAD patients, and the prognosis of TP53/EGFR co-mutation is worse. GPC3, CCL28, GPR37, and NPY may be novel prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets for patients with dual TP53/EGFR mutation LUAD.
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Crosstalk between Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (EGFR) and integrins in resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in solid tumors. Eur J Cell Biol 2020; 99:151083. [PMID: 32381360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2020.151083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM) is important in a variety of physiological and pathologic processes, including development, tumor invasion, and metastasis. Integrin-mediated attachment to ECM proteins has emerged to cue events primitively important for the transformed phenotype of human cancer cells. Cross-talk between integrins and growth factor receptors takes an increasingly prominent role in defining adhesion, motility, and cell growth. This functional interaction has expanded beyond to link integrins with resistance to Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors (EGFRs). In this regard, integrin-mediated adhesion has two separate functions one as a clear collaborator with growth factor receptor signaling and the second as a basic mechanism contributing in Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) which affects response to chemotherapy. This review provides an overview of these mechanisms and describes treatment options for selectively targeting and disrupting integrin interaction to EGFR for cancer therapy.
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17
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Jain AP, Patel K, Pinto S, Radhakrishnan A, Nanjappa V, Kumar M, Raja R, Patil AH, Kumari A, Manoharan M, Karunakaran C, Murugan S, Keshava Prasad TS, Chang X, Mathur PP, Kumar P, Gupta R, Gupta R, Khanna-Gupta A, Sidransky D, Chatterjee A, Gowda H. MAP2K1 is a potential therapeutic target in erlotinib resistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18793. [PMID: 31827134 PMCID: PMC6906491 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55208-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeted therapies have shown limited efficacy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients despite its overexpression. Identifying molecular mechanisms associated with acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs such as erlotinib remains an unmet need and a therapeutic challenge. In this study, we employed an integrated multi-omics approach to delineate mechanisms associated with acquired resistance to erlotinib by carrying out whole exome sequencing, quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic profiling. We observed amplification of several genes including AXL kinase and transcription factor YAP1 resulting in protein overexpression. We also observed expression of constitutively active mutant MAP2K1 (p.K57E) in erlotinib resistant SCC-R cells. An integrated analysis of genomic, proteomic and phosphoproteomic data revealed alterations in MAPK pathway and its downstream targets in SCC-R cells. We demonstrate that erlotinib-resistant cells are sensitive to MAPK pathway inhibition. This study revealed multiple genetic, proteomic and phosphoproteomic alterations associated with erlotinib resistant SCC-R cells. Our data indicates that therapeutic targeting of MAPK pathway is an effective strategy for treating erlotinib-resistant HNSCC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit P Jain
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India.,School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Krishna Patel
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India.,School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kollam, 690525, India
| | - Sneha Pinto
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Aneesha Radhakrishnan
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Vishalakshi Nanjappa
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Manish Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Remya Raja
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Arun H Patil
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India.,School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Odisha, 751024, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018, India
| | | | | | | | | | - T S Keshava Prasad
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018, India
| | - Xiaofei Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21231, MD, USA
| | - Premendu Prakash Mathur
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Odisha, 751024, India.,Dept. of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, 605014, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Medgenome Labs Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, 560099, India
| | - Rohit Gupta
- Medgenome Labs Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, 560099, India
| | | | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, 21231, MD, USA
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India. .,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India. .,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018, India.
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, 560066, India. .,School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Odisha, 751024, India. .,Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India. .,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, 575018, India. .,QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia.
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18
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Tong X, Tanino R, Sun R, Tsubata Y, Okimoto T, Takechi M, Isobe T. Protein tyrosine kinase 2: a novel therapeutic target to overcome acquired EGFR-TKI resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Respir Res 2019; 20:270. [PMID: 31791326 PMCID: PMC6889213 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1244-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2) expression has been reported in various types of human epithelial cancers including lung cancer; however, the role of PTK2 in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been elucidated. We previously reported that pemetrexed-resistant NSCLC cell line PC-9/PEM also acquired EGFR-TKI resistance with constitutive Akt activation, but we could not find a therapeutic target. Methods Cell viability in EGFR-mutant NSCLC cell lines was measured by the WST-8 assay. Phosphorylation antibody array assay for receptor tyrosine kinases was performed in PC-9 and PC-9/PEM cell lines. We evaluated the efficacy of EGFR and PTK2 co-inhibition in EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC in vitro. Oral defactinib and osimertinib were administered in mice bearing subcutaneous xenografts to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment combination in vivo. Both the PTK2 phosphorylation and the treatment combination efficacy were evaluated in erlotinib-resistant EGFR-mutant NSCLC cell lines. Results PTK2 was hyperphosphorylated in PC-9/PEM. Defactinib (PTK2 inhibitor) and PD173074 (FGFR inhibitor) inhibited PTK2 phosphorylation. Combination of PTK2 inhibitor and EGFR-TKI inhibited Akt and induced apoptosis in PC-9/PEM. The combination treatment showed improved in vivo therapeutic efficacy compared to the single-agent treatments. Furthermore, erlotinib-resistant NSCLC cell lines showed PTK2 hyperphosphorylation. PTK2 inhibition in the PTK2 hyperphosphorylated erlotinib-resistant cell lines also recovered EGFR-TKI sensitivity. Conclusion PTK2 hyperphosphorylation occurs in various EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLCs. Combination of PTK2 inhibitor and EGFR-TKI (defactinib and osimertinib) recovered EGFR-TKI sensitivity in the EGFR-TKI-resistant NSCLC. Our study result suggests that this combination therapy may be a viable option to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexia Tong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Ryosuke Tanino
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Rong Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Yukari Tsubata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Tamio Okimoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Mayumi Takechi
- Department of Experimental Animals, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Takeshi Isobe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
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19
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Aye JM, Stafman LL, Williams AP, Garner EF, Stewart JE, Anderson JC, Mruthyunjayappa S, Waldrop MG, Goolsby CD, Markert HR, Quinn C, Marayati R, Mroczek-Musulman E, Willey CD, Yoon KJ, Whelan KF, Beierle EA. The effects of focal adhesion kinase and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta inhibition in a patient-derived xenograft model of primary and metastatic Wilms tumor. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5534-5548. [PMID: 31565187 PMCID: PMC6756857 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggressive therapies for patients with metastatic Wilms tumor (WT) with subsequent severe late effects warrant the search for novel therapies. The role of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase important in pediatric solid tumor development and progression, has not been examined in metastatic WT. Using a novel patient-derived xenograft (PDX) of a primary and matched, isogenic, metastatic WT, the hypothesis of the current study was that FAK would contribute to metastatic WT and small molecule inhibition would decrease tumor growth. Immunohistochemical staining, immunoblotting, cell viability and proliferation assays, cell cycle analysis, and cellular motility and attachment-independent growth assays were performed. FAK was present and phosphorylated in both WT PDXs and in the human samples from which they were derived. FAK inhibition decreased cellular survival, proliferation, and cell cycle progression in both PDXs but only significantly decreased migration, invasion, and attachment-independent growth in the primary WT PDX. Kinomic profiling revealed that platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ) may be affected by FAK inhibition in WT. Pharmacologic inhibition of FAK and PDGFRβ was synergistic in primary WT PDX cells. These findings broaden the knowledge of metastatic WT and support further investigations on the potential use of FAK and PDGFRβ inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M. Aye
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Laura L. Stafman
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Adele P. Williams
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Evan F. Garner
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jerry E. Stewart
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Joshua C. Anderson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Mary G. Waldrop
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Caroline D. Goolsby
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hooper R. Markert
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Colin Quinn
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Raoud Marayati
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Christopher D. Willey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Karina J. Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kimberly F. Whelan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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20
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Cruz da Silva E, Dontenwill M, Choulier L, Lehmann M. Role of Integrins in Resistance to Therapies Targeting Growth Factor Receptors in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11050692. [PMID: 31109009 PMCID: PMC6562376 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11050692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins contribute to cancer progression and aggressiveness by activating intracellular signal transduction pathways and transducing mechanical tension forces. Remarkably, these adhesion receptors share common signaling networks with receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and support their oncogenic activity, thereby promoting cancer cell proliferation, survival and invasion. During the last decade, preclinical studies have revealed that integrins play an important role in resistance to therapies targeting RTKs and their downstream pathways. A remarkable feature of integrins is their wide-ranging interconnection with RTKs, which helps cancer cells to adapt and better survive therapeutic treatments. In this context, we should consider not only the integrins expressed in cancer cells but also those expressed in stromal cells, since these can mechanically increase the rigidity of the tumor microenvironment and confer resistance to treatment. This review presents some of these mechanisms and outlines new treatment options for improving the efficacy of therapies targeting RTK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabete Cruz da Silva
- UMR 7021 CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Tumoral Signaling and Therapeutic Targets, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67401 Illkirch, France.
| | - Monique Dontenwill
- UMR 7021 CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Tumoral Signaling and Therapeutic Targets, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67401 Illkirch, France.
| | - Laurence Choulier
- UMR 7021 CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Tumoral Signaling and Therapeutic Targets, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67401 Illkirch, France.
| | - Maxime Lehmann
- UMR 7021 CNRS, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Tumoral Signaling and Therapeutic Targets, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 67401 Illkirch, France.
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22
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Yang C, Mi X, Su H, Yang J, Gu Y, Zhang L, Sun W, Liang X, Zhang C. GE11-PDA-Pt@USPIOs nano-formulation for relief of tumor hypoxia and MRI/PAI-guided tumor radio-chemotherapy. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:2076-2090. [DOI: 10.1039/c8bm01492b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
GE11-PDA-Pt@USPIOs can relieve tumor hypoxic conditions efficiently and are highly effective for radio-chemotherapy of EGFR-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Rui Jin Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200025
| | - Xuan Mi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Rui Jin Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200025
| | - Huilan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200240
- China
| | - Jingxing Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200230
- China
| | - Yiyun Gu
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200230
- China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200230
- China
| | - Wenshe Sun
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200230
- China
| | - Xiaowen Liang
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute
- The University of Queensland
- QLD 4102
- Australia
| | - Chunfu Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Rui Jin Hospital
- School of Medicine
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai 200025
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23
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Götte M, Kovalszky I. Extracellular matrix functions in lung cancer. Matrix Biol 2018; 73:105-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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24
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Abstract
The pulmonary endothelial cell forms a critical semi-permeable barrier between the vascular and interstitial space. As part of the blood-gas barrier in the lung, the endothelium plays a key role in normal physiologic function and pathologic disease. Changes in endothelial cell shape, defined by its plasma membrane, determine barrier integrity. A number of key cytoskeletal regulatory and effector proteins including non-muscle myosin light chain kinase, cortactin, and Arp 2/3 mediate actin rearrangements to form cortical and membrane associated structures in response to barrier enhancing stimuli. These actin formations support and interact with junctional complexes and exert forces to protrude the lipid membrane to and close gaps between individual cells. The current knowledge of these cytoskeletal processes and regulatory proteins are the subject of this review. In addition, we explore novel advancements in cellular imaging that are poised to shed light on the complex nature of pulmonary endothelial permeability.
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25
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Schuppan D, Ashfaq-Khan M, Yang AT, Kim YO. Liver fibrosis: Direct antifibrotic agents and targeted therapies. Matrix Biol 2018; 68-69:435-451. [PMID: 29656147 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis and in particular cirrhosis are the major causes of morbidity and mortality of patients with chronic liver disease. Their prevention or reversal have become major endpoints in clinical trials with novel liver specific drugs. Remarkable progress has been made with therapies that efficiently address the cause of the underlying liver disease, as in chronic hepatitis B and C. Highly effective antiviral therapy can prevent progression or even induce reversal in the majority of patients, but such treatment remains elusive for the majority of liver patients with advanced alcoholic or nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, genetic or autoimmune liver diseases. Moreover, drugs that would speed up fibrosis reversal are needed for patients with cirrhosis, since even with effective causal therapy reversal is slow or the disease may further progress. Therefore, highly efficient and specific antifibrotic agents are needed that can address advanced fibrosis, i.e., the detrimental downstream result of all chronic liver diseases. This review discusses targeted antifibrotic therapies that address molecules and mechanisms that are central to fibrogenesis or fibrolysis, including strategies that allow targeting of activated hepatic stellate cells and myofibroblasts and other fibrogenic effector cells. Focus is on collagen synthesis, integrins and cells and mechanisms specific including specific downregulation of TGFbeta signaling, major extracellular matrix (ECM) components, ECM-crosslinking, and ECM-receptors such as integrins and discoidin domain receptors, ECM-crosslinking and methods for targeted delivery of small interfering RNA, antisense oligonucleotides and small molecules to increase potency and reduce side effects. With an increased understanding of the biology of the ECM and liver fibrosis and an improved preclinical validation, the translation of these approaches to the clinic is currently ongoing. Application to patients with liver fibrosis and a personalized treatment is tightly linked to the development of noninvasive biomarkers of fibrosis, fibrogenesis and fibrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany; Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq-Khan
- Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ai Ting Yang
- Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Yong Ook Kim
- Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
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26
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Solanki HS, Raja R, Zhavoronkov A, Ozerov IV, Artemov AV, Advani J, Radhakrishnan A, Babu N, Puttamallesh VN, Syed N, Nanjappa V, Subbannayya T, Sahasrabuddhe NA, Patil AH, Prasad TSK, Gaykalova D, Chang X, Sathyendran R, Mathur PP, Rangarajan A, Sidransky D, Pandey A, Izumchenko E, Gowda H, Chatterjee A. Targeting focal adhesion kinase overcomes erlotinib resistance in smoke induced lung cancer by altering phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor. Oncoscience 2018; 5:21-38. [PMID: 29556515 PMCID: PMC5854290 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
EGFR-based targeted therapies have shown limited success in smokers. Identification of alternate signaling mechanism(s) leading to TKI resistance in smokers is critically important. We observed increased resistance to erlotinib in H358 NSCLC (non-small cell lung carcinoma) cells chronically exposed to cigarette smoke (H358-S) compared to parental cells. SILAC-based mass-spectrometry approach was used to study altered signaling in H358-S cell line. Importantly, among the top phosphosites in H358-S cells we observed hyperphosphorylation of EGFR (Y1197) and non-receptor tyrosine kinase FAK (Y576/577). Supporting these observations, a transcriptomic-based pathway activation analysis of TCGA NSCLC datasets revealed that FAK and EGFR internalization pathways were significantly upregulated in smoking patients, compared to the never-smokers and were associated with elevated PI3K signaling and lower level of caspase cascade and E-cadherin pathways activation. We show that inhibition of FAK led to decreased cellular proliferation and invasive ability of the smoke-exposed cells, and restored their dependency on EGFR signaling. Our data suggests that activation of focal adhesion pathway significantly contributes to erlotinib resistance, and that FAK is a potential therapeutic target for management of erlotinib resistance in smoke-induced NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitendra S Solanki
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India.,School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Remya Raja
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India
| | - Alex Zhavoronkov
- Insilico Medicine, Inc., Emerging Technology Centers, Johns Hopkins University at Eastern, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ivan V Ozerov
- Insilico Medicine, Inc., Emerging Technology Centers, Johns Hopkins University at Eastern, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Artem V Artemov
- Insilico Medicine, Inc., Emerging Technology Centers, Johns Hopkins University at Eastern, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jayshree Advani
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | | | - Niraj Babu
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India.,Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Vinuth N Puttamallesh
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India.,School of Biotechnology, Amrita University, Kollam 690525, India
| | - Nazia Syed
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India
| | | | | | | | - Arun H Patil
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India.,School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
| | - T S Keshava Prasad
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India.,NIMHANS-IOB Proteomics and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Neurobiology Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Daria Gaykalova
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Xiaofei Chang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Rachana Sathyendran
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Premendu Prakash Mathur
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Annapoorni Rangarajan
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - David Sidransky
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Evgeny Izumchenko
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Harsha Gowda
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
| | - Aditi Chatterjee
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bangalore 560066, India.,Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
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27
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Yue Y, Song M, Qiao Y, Li P, Yuan Y, Lian J, Wang S, Zhang Y. Gene function analysis and underlying mechanism of esophagus cancer based on microarray gene expression profiling. Oncotarget 2017; 8:105222-105237. [PMID: 29285246 PMCID: PMC5739633 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common digestive malignant tumors worldwide. Over the past decades, there have been minimal improvements in outcomes for patients with EC. New targets and novel therapies are needed to improve outcomes for these patients. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of EC by integrated bioinformatic analyses of the feature genes associated with EC and correlative gene functions which can distinguish cancerous tissues from non-cancerous tissues. Gene expression profile GSE20347 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 17 EC samples and their paired adjacent non-cancerous samples. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between EC and normal specimens were identified and then applied to analyze the GO enrichment on gene functions and KEGG pathways. Corresponding Pathway Relation Network (Pathway-net) and Gene Signal Network (signal-net) of DEGs were established based on the data collected from GCBI datasets. The results showed that DEGs mainly participated in the process of cell adhesion, cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. Aberrant expression of PTK2, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway and MET were closely associated with EC carcinogenesis. Importantly, Interleukin 8 (IL8) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR-7) were predicted to be significantly related to EC. These findings were further validated by analyzing both TCGA database and our clinical samples of EC. Our discovery provides a registry of genes and pathways that are disrupted in EC, which has the potential to be used in clinic for diagnosis and target therapy of EC in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yue
- 1 Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,3 The No.7. People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
| | - Mengjia Song
- 1 Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yamin Qiao
- 1 Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Pupu Li
- 1 Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yiqiang Yuan
- 3 The No.7. People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
| | - Jingyao Lian
- 1 Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Suying Wang
- 4 Clinical Laboratory, Hebi People's Hospital, Hebi 458030, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- 1 Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,5 School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China,6 Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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28
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Wang YJ, Zhang ZF, Fan SH, Zhuang J, Shan Q, Han XR, Wen X, Li MQ, Hu B, Sun CH, Qiao B, Tao Q, Wu DM, Lu J, Zheng YL. MicroRNA-433 inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by targeting FAK. Oncotarget 2017; 8:100227-100241. [PMID: 29245973 PMCID: PMC5725015 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the involvement of microRNA-433 (miR-433) in the proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Totally 108 OSCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues from patients with OSCC were collected. Also, transplanted tumor formation experiment in nude mice was conducted to verify the effect of miR-433 and FAK on subcutaneous transplanted tumor. The CD44+ stem cell from SCC-9 were collected and assigned into the blank, miR-433 mimics, mimics control, miR-433 inhibitors, inhibitors control, siFAK and miR-433 inhibitors + siFAK groups. The qRT-PCR and western blotting were used to detect miR-433, FAK, ERK, MEK, pERK and pMEK after transfection. Flow cytometry, MTT assay, scratch test and Transwell assay were performed to determine the cell proportion, growth, migration and invasion of SCC-9 cells. In cell line SCC-9, expression of CD133, Oct-4, and BIM-1 was greater in CD44+ cells than CD44- cells, indicating that CD44+ cells had characteristics of tumor stem cells. Expression of FAK, ERK, MEK, p-ERK and p-MEK was decreased in tumor tissues from the CD44-, miR-433, and siFAK groups. Expression of MiR-433 mRNA was elevated, while levels of FAK, ERK, MEK, p-ERK, and p-MEK mRNA were all decreased in the miR-433 mimics group. In the miR-433 mimics and siFAK groups, cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were all decreased, while the opposite trends were seen in the miR-433 inhibitor group. These results indicate that miR-433 downregulates FAK through the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway to inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasiveness of SCC-9 OSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Hua Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
| | - Juan Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China.,School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221008, P.R. China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Eco-Agricultural Biotechnology around Hongze Lake, School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian 223300, P.R. China
| | - Qun Shan
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Rui Han
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wen
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
| | - Meng-Qiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
| | - Bin Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
| | - Bin Qiao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P.R. China
| | - Qian Tao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Lin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P.R. China
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29
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Dickreuter E, Cordes N. The cancer cell adhesion resistome: mechanisms, targeting and translational approaches. Biol Chem 2017; 398:721-735. [PMID: 28002024 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell adhesion-mediated resistance limits the success of cancer therapies and is a great obstacle to overcome in the clinic. Since the 1990s, where it became clear that adhesion of tumor cells to the extracellular matrix is an important mediator of therapy resistance, a lot of work has been conducted to understand the fundamental underlying mechanisms and two paradigms were deduced: cell adhesion-mediated radioresistance (CAM-RR) and cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR). Preclinical work has evidently demonstrated that targeting of integrins, adapter proteins and associated kinases comprising the cell adhesion resistome is a promising strategy to sensitize cancer cells to both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Moreover, the cell adhesion resistome fundamentally contributes to adaptation mechanisms induced by radiochemotherapy as well as molecular drugs to secure a balanced homeostasis of cancer cells for survival and growth. Intriguingly, this phenomenon provides a basis for synthetic lethal targeted therapies simultaneously administered to standard radiochemotherapy. In this review, we summarize current knowledge about the cell adhesion resistome and highlight targeting strategies to override CAM-RR and CAM-DR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nils Cordes
- , Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus
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30
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Zhou B, Wang GZ, Wen ZS, Zhou YC, Huang YC, Chen Y, Zhou GB. Somatic Mutations and Splicing Variants of Focal Adhesion Kinase in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2017; 110:4565750. [PMID: 29087503 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djx157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Cancer Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Chun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yun-Chao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Guang-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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31
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Lu MK, Lin TY, Hu CH, Chao CH, Chang CC, Hsu HY. Characterization of a sulfated galactoglucan from Antrodia cinnamomea and its anticancer mechanism via TGFβ/FAK/Slug axis suppression. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 167:229-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.02.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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32
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Hong SW, Park NS, Noh MH, Shim JA, Ahn BN, Kim YS, Kim D, Lee HK, Hur DY. Combination treatment with erlotinib and ampelopsin overcomes erlotinib resistance in NSCLC cells via the Nox2-ROS-Bim pathway. Lung Cancer 2017; 106:115-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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