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Jiang S, Zha Y, Zhao T, Jin X, Zhu R, Wei S, Wang R, Song Y, Li L, Lyu J, Hu W, Zhang D, Wang M, Zhang Y. Antimicrobial peptide temporin derivatives inhibit biofilm formation and virulence factor expression of Streptococcus mutans. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1267389. [PMID: 37822738 PMCID: PMC10562637 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1267389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Temporin-GHa obtained from the frog Hylarana guentheri showed bactericidal efficacy against Streptococcus mutans. To enhance its antibacterial activity, the derived peptides GHaR and GHa11R were designed, and their antibacterial performance, antibiofilm efficacy and potential in the inhibition of dental caries were evaluated. Methods Bacterial survival assay, fluorescent staining assay and transmission electron microscopy observation were applied to explore how the peptides inhibited and killed S. mutans. The antibiofilm efficacy was assayed by examining exopolysaccharide (EPS) and lactic acid production, bacterial adhesion and cell surface hydrophobicity. The gene expression level of virulence factors of S. mutans was detected by qRT-PCR. Finally, the impact of the peptides on the caries induced ability of S. mutans was measured using a rat caries model. Results It has been shown that the peptides inhibited biofilm rapid accumulation by weakening the initial adhesion of S. mutans and reducing the production of EPS. Meanwhile, they also decreased bacterial acidogenicity and aciduricity, and ultimately prevented caries development in vivo. Conclusion GHaR and GHa11R might be promising candidates for controlling S. mutans infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yanmei Zha
- College of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ruiying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | | | - Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yanting Song
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Lushuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Junchen Lyu
- School of Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenting Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Daqi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Manchuriga Wang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yingxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Yazdani M, Shahdadfar A, Reppe S, Sapkota D, Vallenari EM, Lako M, Connon CJ, Figueiredo FC, Utheim TP. Response of human oral mucosal epithelial cells to different storage temperatures: A structural and transcriptional study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243914. [PMID: 33326470 PMCID: PMC7744058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Seeking to improve the access to regenerative medicine, this study investigated the structural and transcriptional effects of storage temperature on human oral mucosal epithelial cells (OMECs). METHODS Cells were stored at four different temperatures (4°C, 12°C, 24°C and 37°C) for two weeks. Then, the morphology, cell viability and differential gene expression were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy, trypan blue exclusion test and TaqMan gene expression array cards, respectively. RESULTS Cells stored at 4°C had the most similar morphology to non-stored controls with the highest viability rate (58%), whereas the 37°C group was most dissimilar with no living cells. The genes involved in stress-induced growth arrest (GADD45B) and cell proliferation inhibition (TGFB2) were upregulated at 12°C and 24°C. Upregulation was also observed in multifunctional genes responsible for morphology, growth, adhesion and motility such as EFEMP1 (12°C) and EPHA4 (4°C-24°C). Among genes used as differentiation markers, PPARA and TP53 (along with its associated gene CDKN1A) were downregulated in all temperature conditions, whereas KRT1 and KRT10 were either unchanged (4°C) or downregulated (24°C and 12°C; and 24°C, respectively), except for upregulation at 12°C for KRT1. CONCLUSIONS Cells stored at 12°C and 24°C were stressed, although the expression levels of some adhesion-, growth- and apoptosis-related genes were favourable. Collectively, this study suggests that 4°C is the optimal storage temperature for maintenance of structure, viability and function of OMECs after two weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazyar Yazdani
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Eye Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aboulghassem Shahdadfar
- Center for Eye Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sjur Reppe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Unger-Vetlesen Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dipak Sapkota
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Evan M. Vallenari
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Majlinda Lako
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Bioscience West Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Che J. Connon
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Bioscience West Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Francisco C. Figueiredo
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Bioscience West Building, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Victoria Infirmary & Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Tor Paaske Utheim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, Arendal, Norway
- Department of Computer Science, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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The Effects of Prolonged Storage on ARPE-19 Cells Stored at Three Different Storage Temperatures. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245809. [PMID: 33317020 PMCID: PMC7763992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate how prolonged storage of adult retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE-19) cell sheets affects cell metabolism, morphology, viability, and phenotype. ARPE-19 cell sheets were stored at three temperatures (4 °C, 16 °C, and 37 °C) for three weeks. Metabolic status and morphology of the cells were monitored by sampling medium and examining cells by phase-contrast microscopy, respectively, throughout the storage period. Cell viability was analyzed by flow cytometry, and phenotype was determined by epifluorescence microscopy after the storage. Lactate production and glucose consumption increased heavily, while pH dropped considerably, through storage at 37 °C compared to 4 °C and 16 °C. During storage, morphology started to deteriorate first at 4 °C, then at 37 °C, and was maintained the longest at 16 °C. Viability of the cells after three weeks of storage was best preserved at 16 °C, while cells stored at 4 °C and 37 °C had reduced viability. Dedifferentiation indicated by reduced expression of retinal pigment epithelium-specific protein 65 (RPE65), zonula occludens protein 1 (ZO-1), and occludin after three weeks of storage was noticed in all experimental groups compared to control. We conclude that storage temperature affects the metabolic status of ARPE-19 cells and that 16 °C reduces metabolic activity while protecting viability and morphology.
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Song Y, Wang B, Li H, Hu X, Lin X, Hu X, Zhang Y. Low temperature culture enhances ameloblastic differentiation of human keratinocyte stem cells. J Mol Histol 2019; 50:417-425. [PMID: 31278616 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-019-09837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that several types of human stem cells of non-dental origin can be induced to differentiate into enamel-secreting ameloblasts after recombined with mouse embryonic dental mesenchyme. However, the successful rate of ameloblastic differentiation is about rather low, which presents a major obstacle for future stem cell-based whole tooth bioengineering. Previous studies have shown that cultures at reduced temperature could improve the differentiation capability of stem cells in tissue engineering. In this study, we systematically investigated the effects of low temperature on the viability, proliferation and stemness of human keratinocytes stem cells (hKSCs) in cell culture and further examined ameloblastic differentiation of the hKSCs in human-mouse recombinant chimeric tooth germs. Our results demonstrated that low temperature indeed reduces growth rate and maintains healthy undifferentiated morphology of hKSCs without any effects on cell viability. Moreover, examination of stemness makers revealed improved stemness of hKSCs cultured at low temperature with increased expression of stemness markers K15, CD29 and p63 and decreased expression differentiation marker K10, as compared to those cultured at 37 °C. These low temperature treated hKSCs, when recombined with mouse embryonic dental mesenchyme, exhibited significantly increased rate (40%) of ameloblastic differentiation, as compared to that (17%) in tissue recombinants with those hKSCs treated at standard temperature. Our studies demonstrate that low temperature cell culture improves the stemness and plasticity of hKSCs, which in turn enhances ameloblastic differentiation capability of the stem cells in bioengineered teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Song
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingmei Wang
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Li
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Hu
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Lin
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Hu
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanding Zhang
- Southern Center for Biomedical Research, Fujian Key Laboratory of Developmental and Neural Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
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Effects of quercetin on human oral keratinocytes during re-epithelialization: An in vitro study. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 95:187-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) provide a personalized approach to study conditions and diseases including those of the eye that lack appropriate animal models to facilitate the development of novel therapeutics. Corneal disease is one of the most common causes of blindness. Hence, significant efforts are made to develop novel therapeutic approaches including stem cell-derived strategies to replace the diseased or damaged corneal tissues, thus restoring the vision. The use of adult limbal stem cells in the management of corneal conditions has been clinically successful. However, its limited availability and phenotypic plasticity necessitate the need for alternative stem cell sources to manage corneal conditions. Mesenchymal and embryonic stem cell-based approaches are being explored; nevertheless, their limited differentiation potential and ethical concerns have posed a significant hurdle in its clinical use. hiPSCs have emerged to fill these technical and ethical gaps to render clinical utility. In this review, we discuss and summarize protocols that have been devised so far to direct differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to different corneal cell phenotypes. With the summarization, our review intends to facilitate an understanding which would allow developing efficient and robust protocols to obtain specific corneal cell phenotype from hPSCs for corneal disease modeling and for the clinics to treat corneal diseases and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rohit Shetty
- Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Narayana Nethralaya, Bengaluru, India
| | - Arkasubhra Ghosh
- GROW Research Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Bengaluru, India
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The Antimicrobial Peptide Nal-P-113 Exerts a Reparative Effect by Promoting Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Cell Cycle Progression. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7349351. [PMID: 30298136 PMCID: PMC6157167 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7349351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the reparative efficacy of a novel antimicrobial peptide, Nal-P-113, in shortening the healing time of oral mucosal ulcers by promoting cell proliferation and migration and accelerating the cell cycle. Methods Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and wound-healing assays were used to evaluate the proliferation and migration of human immortalized oral epithelial cells (HIOECs). The cell cycle distribution of HIOECs was analyzed by flow cytometry. Additionally, the RNA levels of EGF, FGF-2, and TGF-β1 of HIOECs were assessed by real-time PCR. Rats were divided into three groups randomly: (a) blank control group; (b) 20 μg/mL Nal-P-113; and (c) 10 ng/mL rhEGF. An oral mucosal ulcer was induced in every rat by the application of 30% acetic acid. An immunohistochemical assay was used to assess the expression of EGF, FGF-2, and TGF-β1 in the rat oral mucosa. Results In the CCK-8 assay, the optical density values in the Nal-P-113 and rhEGF groups were found to be significantly higher than that in the blank control group. In addition, the scratch areas in the Nal-P-113 and rhEGF groups were found to be significantly smaller (P<0.05). Cell cycle analysis showed that Nal-P-113 accelerated the entry of HIOECs into the S phase and expedited their cell cycles. The RT-PCR results suggested that Nal-P-113 upregulated the RNA levels of EGF and FGF-2 but downregulated that of TGF-β1 at 24 h and 48 h. Lastly, the immunohistochemical assay verified that Nal-P-113 changed the expression of the above cytokines in rat mucosal ulcers. Conclusion Nal-P-113 promoted the repair of oral mucosal ulcers by increasing the EGF and FGF-2 expression and decreasing that of TGF-β1 in HIOECs, accelerating their proliferation and cell cycle progression. The application of Nal-P-113 might serve as an effective therapeutic approach for recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
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Pasovic L, Eidet JR, Olstad OK, Chen DF, Lyberg T, Utheim TP. Impact of Storage Temperature on the Expression of Cell Survival Genes in Cultured ARPE-19 Cells. Curr Eye Res 2016; 42:134-144. [PMID: 27259952 DOI: 10.3109/02713683.2016.1145236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The development of a suitable storage method for retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is necessary in the establishment of future RPE replacement therapy, and storage temperature has proven to be pivotal for cell survival. ARPE-19, a widely used model for RPE, has been shown to yield the greatest number of viable cells when stored at 16°C compared to other storage temperatures. In this study, we analyze the gene expression profile of cultured ARPE-19 cells after seven days of storage at different temperatures in an effort to predict the gene-level consequences of storage of RPE transplants. MATERIALS AND METHODS ARPE-19 cells were cultured until confluence and then stored in minimum essential medium at 4°C, 16°C, and 37°C for seven days. The total RNA was isolated and the gene expression profile was determined using DNA microarrays. The Results were validated using qPCR. RESULTS Principal component and hierarchical clustering analyses show that the gene expression profiles of cell cultures stored at different temperatures cluster into separate groups. Cultures stored at 4°C cluster closest to the control cultures that were not stored and display the least change in gene expression after storage (157 differentially expressed genes). Cultures stored at 16°C and 37°C display a much larger change in differential gene expression (1787 and 1357 differentially expressed genes, respectively). At 16°C, the expression of several genes with proposed tumor suppressor functions was markedly increased. Changes in regulation of several known signaling pathways and of oxidative stress markers were discovered at both 16°C and 37°C, and activation of the angiogenesis marker vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was discovered at 37°C. There was no evidence of the activation of inflammatory processes in stored cell cultures. CONCLUSION ARPE-19 cultures stored at 16°C show the greatest propensity to modulate their gene expression profile in a manner that supports cell survival during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Pasovic
- a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway.,b Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Jon R Eidet
- c Department of Ophthalmology , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Ole K Olstad
- a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Dong F Chen
- d Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology , Harvard Medical School , Boston , USA
| | - Torstein Lyberg
- a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Tor P Utheim
- a Department of Medical Biochemistry , Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway.,e Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry , University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
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