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Zandl-Lang M. Tracing the lipidome in inborn errors of metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159491. [PMID: 38565373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) represent a heterogeneous group of more than 1800 rare disorders, many of which are causing significant childhood morbidity and mortality. More than 100 IEM are linked to dyslipidaemia, but yet our knowledge in connecting genetic information with lipidomic data is limited. Stable isotope tracing studies of the lipid metabolism (STL) provide insights on the dynamic of cellular lipid processes and could thereby facilitate the delineation of underlying metabolic (patho)mechanisms. This mini-review focuses on principles as well as technical limitations of STL and describes potential clinical applications by discussing recently published STL focusing on IEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Zandl-Lang
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of General Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Simonato M, Ricci F, Catozzi C, Storti M, Correani A, Salomone F, Cogo P, Carnielli VP. A novel deuterium-based model for measurement of exogenous surfactant using deuterium-depleted water. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:2808-2814. [PMID: 35938216 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Stable isotope tracers, like 13 C, can be used for the measurement of the partition between the endogenous and exogenous pulmonary disaturated-phosphatidylcholine (DSPC). Deuterium labeling methods are still not fully explored. Our aim was to investigate the feasibility of using deuterium-depleted water (DDW) and deuterium-enriched water (DEW) to measure endogenous and exogenous pulmonary DSPC in a rabbit model of surfactant depletion. Data obtained from the 13 C dilution method were used as a reference. We studied 9 adult rabbits: 4 drank DDW and 5 DEW for 5 days. Lung surfactant depletion was induced at Day 5 by repeated saline bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL), which were stored as a pool (BAL pool). After endogenous surfactant depletion, rabbits received exogenous surfactant followed by a second BAL depletion procedure (End-Experiment Pool). DSPC quantity, and palmitic acid (PA)-DSPC 2 H/1 H (δ2 H) and 13 C/12 C ratios (δ13 C) of exogenous surfactant batches and of BAL pools were measured by High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. The amount of exogenous surfactant recovered from the lungs ranged from 45% to 81% and, it was highly correlated with those obtained with the use of the 13 C (r = 0.9844, p < 0.0001). We demonstrated that commercially available purified DDW and even low doses of DEW can be used to modify the deuterium background of endogenous surfactants with the purpose of measuring the contribution of exogenous surfactants to the endogenous alveolar surfactant pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Simonato
- PCare laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica, "Citta' della Speranza", Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Ricci
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Neonatology and Pulmonary Rare Disease Unit, Corporate Preclinical R&D, Parma, Chiesi, Italy
| | - Chiara Catozzi
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Neonatology and Pulmonary Rare Disease Unit, Corporate Preclinical R&D, Parma, Chiesi, Italy
| | - Matteo Storti
- Department of Chemical & Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alessio Correani
- Division of Neonatology, Polytechnic University of Marche and "G. Salesi" Children's Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Salomone
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department, Neonatology and Pulmonary Rare Disease Unit, Corporate Preclinical R&D, Parma, Chiesi, Italy
| | - Paola Cogo
- Department of Medicine, University Hospital S Maria della Misericordia, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Virgilio P Carnielli
- Division of Neonatology, Polytechnic University of Marche and "G. Salesi" Children's Hospital, Ancona, Italy
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Librandi M, Scapaticci S, Chiavaroli V, Petrucci A, Cicioni P, Cognigni R, Chiarelli F, Di Valerio S. Severe Hypercapnia Requiring 48-h Whole-Body Hypothermia in an Infant with Acute Bronchiolitis. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9091339. [PMID: 36138647 PMCID: PMC9498189 DOI: 10.3390/children9091339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bronchiolitis is a clinical syndrome involving the lower respiratory tract of infants and young children. The majority of patients recover using adequate hydration and oxygen (O2) therapy, while a small number of patients require ventilatory assistance. Beyond these therapeutical approaches, there are no available strategies for patients that do not improve. Hypothermia is a measure used to prevent neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy by preventing carbon dioxide (CO2) production and subsequent tissue damage. Other medical applications of hypothermia have been proposed, such as in acute respiratory failure and necrotizing colitis. Case report: We report the case of a 50-day-old girl hospitalized with severe bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus. On admission, the girl presented severe hypercapnic respiratory failure, requiring intubation and ventilatory support with conventional and non-conventional systems. However, the patient’s general conditions worsened with elevated O2 demand, thus whole-body hypothermia was attempted and performed for 48 h, with a gradual improvement in the respiratory function. No adverse effects were detected. Conclusions: Whole-body hypothermia could have a critical role as a rescue treatment in infants affected by severe hypercapnic respiratory failure, at the expense of few and rare side effects (bradycardia, coagulopathy, hyperglycemia). Notably, beyond reducing CO2 production, whole-body hypothermia might have an impact in restoring lung function in newborns using bronchiolitis refractory to maximal medical therapy and invasive ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Librandi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti—Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Serena Scapaticci
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti—Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (S.S.)
| | - Valentina Chiavaroli
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Pescara Public Hospital, 65123 Pescara, Italy
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Altea Petrucci
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Pescara Public Hospital, 65123 Pescara, Italy
| | - Paola Cicioni
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Pescara Public Hospital, 65123 Pescara, Italy
| | - Rita Cognigni
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Pescara Public Hospital, 65123 Pescara, Italy
| | | | - Susanna Di Valerio
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Pescara Public Hospital, 65123 Pescara, Italy
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Identification of Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 1 (SSTR1) Gene Polymorphism and Their Association with Growth Traits in Hulun Buir Sheep. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010077. [PMID: 35052417 PMCID: PMC8775034 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate SSTR1 gene polymorphisms and their association with growth traits in Hulun Buir sheep. We followed 233 Hulun Buir sheep from birth to 16 months of age, born in the same pasture and on the same year under a consistent grazing conditions. The body weight (BW), body height (BH), body length (BL), chest circumference (ChC), chest depth (ChD), chest width (ChW), hip width (HW), and cannon circumference (CaC) were measured and recorded at birth, 4 months, 9 months, and 16 months of age. The polymorphisms of the SSTR1 gene in Hulun Buir sheep were excavated using exon sequencing, and association analyses of between SNPs and growth traits at each growth stage were conducted. The results showed that there were four SNPs in Exon 2 of the SSTR1 gene, SNP1, SNP2, and SNP3 were low mutation sites, and SNP4 was a moderate mutation site. Four SNPs were consistent with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, and all of them were synonymous mutations. The association analyses found that the genotypes of SNP2 were significantly associated with WW and BH at 4 months of age, BW, BL, ChC, and HW at 9 months of age (p < 0.05), and extremely significantly associated with ChD at 4 and 9 months of age (p < 0.01). There were significant associations between SNP3 and BH at 9 months of age, between SNP4 and ChD, ChW, and CaC at 9 months of age, and BW and ChC at 16 months of age (p < 0.05). There were no detectable associations with growth traits among the seven haplotypes between the SNP1, 3, and 4 of a strong linkage disequilibrium (p > 0.05). These results indicated that SNP2, SNP3, and SNP4 may be used as molecular markers for growth traits of Hulun Buir sheep.
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Molecular and biophysical mechanisms behind the enhancement of lung surfactant function during controlled therapeutic hypothermia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:728. [PMID: 33436647 PMCID: PMC7804441 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79025-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) enhances pulmonary surfactant performance in vivo by molecular mechanisms still unknown. Here, the interfacial structure and the composition of lung surfactant films have been analysed in vitro under TH as well as the molecular basis of its improved performance both under physiological and inhibitory conditions. The biophysical activity of a purified porcine surfactant was tested under slow and breathing-like dynamics by constrained drop surfactometry (CDS) and in the captive bubble surfactometer (CBS) at both 33 and 37 °C. Additionally, the temperature-dependent surfactant activity was also analysed upon inhibition by plasma and subsequent restoration by further surfactant supplementation. Interfacial performance was correlated with lateral structure and lipid composition of films made of native surfactant. Lipid/protein mixtures designed as models to mimic different surfactant contexts were also studied. The capability of surfactant to drastically reduce surface tension was enhanced at 33 °C. Larger DPPC-enriched domains and lower percentages of less active lipids were detected in surfactant films exposed to TH-like conditions. Surfactant resistance to plasma inhibition was boosted and restoration therapies were more effective at 33 °C. This may explain the improved respiratory outcomes observed in cooled patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome and opens new opportunities in the treatment of acute lung injury.
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Autilio C, Echaide M, Dell'Orto V, Perez-Gil J, De Luca D. Effect of Whole Body Hypothermia on Surfactant Function When Amniotic Fluid Is Meconium Stained. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2020; 10:186-189. [DOI: 10.1089/ther.2017.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Autilio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Echaide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentina Dell'Orto
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Medical Centre “A.Béclère,” GHU Paris Sud-APHP and South Paris University, Paris, France
| | - Jesus Perez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Medical Centre “A.Béclère,” GHU Paris Sud-APHP and South Paris University, Paris, France
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Abstract
The application of nanotechnology, molecular biotechnologies, and nano-sciences for medical purposes has been termed nanomedicine, a promising growing area of medical research. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of and discuss nanotechnology applications in the early epochs of life, from transplacental transfer to neonatal/pediatric conditions. Diagnostic and therapeutic applications, mainly related to the respiratory tract, the neurosensory system, and infections, are explored and discussed. Preclinical studies show promising results for a variety of conditions, including for the treatment of pregnancy complications and fetal, neonatal, and pediatric diseases. However, given the complexity of the functions and interactions between the placenta and the fetus, and the complex and incompletely understood determinants of tissue growth and differentiation during early life, there is a need for much more data to confirm the safety and efficacy of nanotechnology in this field.
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Wu H, Liu G, Yang X, Liu Q, Li Z. Effect of mild hypothermia on the expression of IL-10 and IL-18 in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:2194-2198. [PMID: 31410171 PMCID: PMC6676182 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of mild hypothermia on the expression of interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-18 in neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy was investigated. A retrospective analysis was performed on 97 neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University from September 2016 to August 2018. Of these patients, 54 with mild hypothermia were included in the experimental group (moderate + severe), and 43 patients who received conventional therapy were included in the control group (moderate + severe). The effect of mild hypothermia on IL-10 and IL-18 expression levels was analyzed, and the relationship between IL-10, IL-18 and disease severity in children with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy was analyzed. The concentration of IL-10 in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 1, 2, 3 and 5 days (P<0.05). The concentration of IL-18 in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group at the 2, 3 and 5 days (P<0.05). NBNA scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group at 14 and 28 days after birth (P<0.05). Before treatment, the expression levels of IL-10 and IL-18 in severe children were significantly higher than those in moderate children (P<0.05). IL-10 was positively correlated with the severity of the disease (r=0.521, P<0.05), and IL-18 was also positively correlated with the severity of the disease (r=0.616 P<0.05). Mild hypothermia treatment can effectively improve the neurological function of children with HIE, reduce the expression of IL-10 and IL-18 in serum, and inhibit the inflammatory response. Therefore, the expression of IL-10 and IL-18 was positively correlated with the severity of disease in children with HIE, and could be used as an indicator to judge the severity of HIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Wu
- Department of Newborn Medicine, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Newborn Medicine, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Newborn Medicine, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Newborn Medicine, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Zhenguang Li
- Department of Newborn Medicine, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
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Turhan AH, Atıcı A, Sürmeli S. Effects of hypothermia on lung inflammation in a rat model of meconium aspiration syndrome. Acta Cir Bras 2018; 33:483-490. [PMID: 30020309 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-865020180060000002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of hypothermia treatment on meconium-induced inflammation. METHODS Fifteen rats were instilled with human meconium (MEC, 1.5 mL/kg, 65 mg/mL) intratracheally and ventilated for 3 hours. Eight rats that were ventilated and not instilled with meconium served as a sham group. In MEC-hypothermia group, the body temperature was lowered to 33±0.5°C. Analysis of the blood gases, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid samples, and histological analyses of the lungs were performed. RESULTS The BAL fluid TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations were significantly higher in the MEC-hypothermia group than in the MEC-normothermia (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively) and sham-controlled groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Meconium-induced inflammatory cytokine production is affected by the body temperature control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Haydar Turhan
- Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine, University of Başkent, Istanbul, Turkey. Scientific, intellectual, conception and design of the study; acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data; technical procedures; statistics analysis; manuscript preparation and writing
| | - Aytuğ Atıcı
- Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine, University of Mersin, Turkey. Scientific and intellectual content of the study, manuscript preparation
| | - Serra Sürmeli
- MD, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, School of Medicine, University of Mersin, Turkey. Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data; technical procedures
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Autilio C, Echaide M, De Luca D, Pérez-Gil J. Controlled hypothermia may improve surfactant function in asphyxiated neonates with or without meconium aspiration syndrome. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192295. [PMID: 29420583 PMCID: PMC5805292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Whole-body hypothermia (WBH) is used to improve neurological outcomes in perinatal asphyxia. Recent studies suggested a beneficial effect of hypothermia for some types of acute respiratory failure. However, no data are available about the biophysical function of human surfactant during WBH. We investigated whether WBH improves surfactant biophysical properties in asphyxiated neonates with or without meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). Methods Non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) has been collected from 10 asphyxiated neonates (2 with MAS, 8 with no lung disease (NLD)) at different time-points (pre-WBH, 24h, 48h, 72h of WBH and post-WBH). Surfactant was extracted and tested by captive bubble surfactometry (CBS) in triplicate, at 37°C and 33.5°C, through initial adsorption and dynamic compression-expansion cycling. Phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol were assayed using enzymatic methods. Clinical data were recorded in real-time. Results Minimum surface tension under dynamic testing was significantly improved as assessed at 33.5°C compared with its behavior at 37°C in NLD neonates: the difference was evident after at least 72h of WBH and remained significant at 6h after rewarming (72h: p = 0.009; rewarming: p = 0.040). Similar results were obtained in MAS patients whose surfactant activity improved already at 48h of hypothermia. Total cholesterol showed a trend to increase at the first 24-48h of hypothermia in NLD patients. Conversely, hypothermia seemed to reduce the excess of exogenous cholesterol in MAS surfactant. Conclusions Surfactant biophysical properties may improve after 48-72h of WBH in asphyxiated neonates and the improvement is maintained shortly after rewarming. Due to study limitations, further studies are warranted to better clarify the effects of hypothermia on surfactant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Autilio
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Biology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, “A. Gemelli” University Hospital, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Mercedes Echaide
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, “A. Béclère” Medical Center, South Paris University Hospitals, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Jesús Pérez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Mild Hypothermia Therapy for Moderate or Severe Hypoxicischemic Encephalopathy in Neonates. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 47:64-69. [PMID: 29318119 PMCID: PMC5756602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the nursing method of mild hypothermia therapy for moderate or severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in neonates. METHODS According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 48 patients were selected from Nanfang Hospital from December 2015 to October 2016 and randomly divided into the control group (n=24) and observation group (n=24). The control group received routine treatment and nursing, while the observation group received the same treatment as the control group combined with mild hypothermia treatment and nursing. The clinical effects were compared. RESULTS The total effective rate in the observation group was increased and mortality was decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (P=0.029 and 0.033, respectively). The 28 d neonatal behavioral neurological assessment and nursing satisfaction scores in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P=0.017 and 0.008, respectively). CONCLUSION Mild hypothermia therapy for moderate or severe HIE in neonates is safe and effective, and the correct nursing method is important for guaranteeing proper clinical treatment.
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Hu W, Chao Y, Geng X. Neuroprotective strategies for patients with acute myocardial infarction combined with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in the ICU. Hellenic J Cardiol 2017; 58:427-431. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hjc.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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