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Xu MY, Zeng N, Liu CQ, Sun JX, An Y, Zhang SH, Xu JZ, Zhong XY, Ma SY, He HD, Hu J, Xia QD, Wang SG. Enhanced cellular therapy: revolutionizing adoptive cellular therapy. Exp Hematol Oncol 2024; 13:47. [PMID: 38664743 PMCID: PMC11046957 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-024-00506-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Enhanced cellular therapy has emerged as a novel concept following the basis of cellular therapy. This treatment modality applied drugs or biotechnology to directly enhance or genetically modify cells to enhance the efficacy of adoptive cellular therapy (ACT). Drugs or biotechnology that enhance the killing ability of immune cells include immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) / antibody drugs, small molecule inhibitors, immunomodulatory factors, proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC), oncolytic virus (OV), etc. Firstly, overcoming the inhibitory tumor microenvironment (TME) can enhance the efficacy of ACT, which can be achieved by blocking the immune checkpoint. Secondly, cytokines or cytokine receptors can be expressed by genetic engineering or added directly to adoptive cells to enhance the migration and infiltration of adoptive cells to tumor cells. Moreover, multi-antigen chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) can be designed to enhance the specific recognition of tumor cell-related antigens, and OVs can also stimulate antigen release. In addition to inserting suicide genes into adoptive cells, PROTAC technology can be used as a safety switch or degradation agent of immunosuppressive factors to enhance the safety and efficacy of adoptive cells. This article comprehensively summarizes the mechanism, current situation, and clinical application of enhanced cellular therapy, describing potential improvements to adoptive cellular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yao Xu
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Na Zeng
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chen-Qian Liu
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jian-Xuan Sun
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ye An
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Si-Han Zhang
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jin-Zhou Xu
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xing-Yu Zhong
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Si-Yang Ma
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hao-Dong He
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jia Hu
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qi-Dong Xia
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Shao-Gang Wang
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Bashraheel SS, Goda SK. Novel SPEA Superantigen Peptide Agonists and Peptide Agonist-TGFαL3 Conjugate. In Vitro Study of Their Growth-Inhibitory Effects for Targeted Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10507. [PMID: 37445686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial superantigens (SAgs) are effective T-cell stimulatory molecules that lead to massive cytokine production. Superantigens crosslink between MHC class II molecules on the Antigen Presenting Cells (APC) and TCR on T-cells. This enables them to activate up to 20% of resting T cells, whilst conventional antigen presentation results in the activation of 0.001-0.0001% of the T cell population. These biological properties of superantigens make them attractive for use in immunotherapy. Previous studies have established the effectiveness of superantigens as therapeutic agents. This, however, was achieved with severe side effects due to the high lethality of the native toxins. Our study aims to produce superantigen-based peptides with minimum or no lethality for safer cancer treatment. In previous work, we designed and synthesized twenty overlapping SPEA-based peptides and successfully mapped regions in SPEA superantigen, causing a vasodilatory response. We screened 20 overlapping SPEA-based peptides designed and synthesized to cover the whole SPEA molecule for T-cell activation and tumor-killing ability. In addition, we designed and synthesized tumor-targeted superantigen-based peptides by fusion of TGFαL3 either from the N' or C' terminal of selected SPEA-based peptides with an eight-amino acid flexible linker in between. Our study identified parts of SPEA capable of stimulating human T-cells and producing different cytokines. We also demonstrated that the SPEA-based peptide conjugate binds specifically to cancer cells and can kill this cancer. Peptides induce T-cell activation, and tumor killing might pave the way for safer tumor-targeted superantigens (TTS). We proposed the combination of our new superantigen-based peptide conjugates with other immunotherapy techniques for effective and safer cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sayed K Goda
- College of Science and Technology, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK
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Kikuyama F, Suzuki S, Jibiki A, Yokoyama Y, Kawazoe H, Kitanaka S, Nakamura T. Ingenol mebutate inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro via STING with an efficacy comparable to that of clinically used anticancer agents. J Nat Med 2023; 77:343-351. [PMID: 36694038 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is associated with a poor prognosis; thus, there is an urgent need to develop new and effective treatments. Ingenol mebutate (IM), which is isolated from the latex of Euphorbia peplus, was recently shown to be effective against pancreatic cancer cell lines; however, its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we focused on the less drug-sensitive pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1 and compared IM to commercially available anticancer drugs using cell survival assays. In addition, we aimed to identify novel biomolecules that may be involved in the mechanism of action of IM using RNA sequencing, western blotting, and inhibition assays. The IC50 values after 72 h of exposure to IM and SN-38, drugs to which the Panc-1 cells are most sensitive among the tested anticancer agents, were 43.1 ± 16.8 nM and 165 ± 37 nM, respectively. IM showed a cytostatic effect equal to or greater than that of the clinically used pancreatic cancer therapeutic drugs. RNA sequencing and protein expression analysis revealed that expression of stimulator of interferon genes (STING) increased at low IM concentration, whereas cell viability decreased. Co-exposure of IM and STING inhibitor, H-151, to Panc-1 or MIA PaCa-2 cell lines canceled the growth-inhibitory effects of IM alone. In conclusion, IM may have an efficacy comparable to that of existing pancreatic cancer therapeutic agents on the less drug-sensitive Panc-1 cell line and the immune-related molecule STING plays a role in the mechanism of action of IM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Kikuyama
- Division of Pharmaceutical Care Sciences, Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Sayo Suzuki
- Division of Pharmaceutical Care Sciences, Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
- Center for Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care Sciences Division of Pharmaceutical Care Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Aya Jibiki
- Center for Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care Sciences Division of Pharmaceutical Care Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Yuta Yokoyama
- Division of Pharmaceutical Care Sciences, Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
- Center for Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care Sciences Division of Pharmaceutical Care Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kawazoe
- Division of Pharmaceutical Care Sciences, Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
- Center for Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care Sciences Division of Pharmaceutical Care Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
| | - Susumu Kitanaka
- Dios Medical Science Institute, 4-3-21 Mimomi, Narashino, Chiba, 275-0002, Japan
| | - Tomonori Nakamura
- Division of Pharmaceutical Care Sciences, Keio University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
- Center for Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Care Sciences Division of Pharmaceutical Care Sciences, Keio University Faculty of Pharmacy, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 105-8512, Japan
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Overcoming Immunotherapy Resistance by Targeting the Tumor-Intrinsic NLRP3-HSP70 Signaling Axis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194753. [PMID: 34638239 PMCID: PMC8507548 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The tumor-intrinsic NLRP3 inflammasome is a newly recognized player in the regulation of tumor-directed immune responses and promises to provide fresh insight into how tumors respond to immunotherapy. This brief review discusses recent data describing how activation of the tumor-intrinsic NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to immune evasion and what this pathway may provide to the field of immuno-oncology both in terms of pharmacologic targets capable of boosting responses to checkpoint inhibitor therapies and predictive biomarkers indicating which tumors may be most susceptible to these new therapeutic strategies. Abstract The tumor-intrinsic NOD-like receptor family, pyrin-domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, plays an important role in regulating immunosuppressive myeloid cell populations in the tumor microenvironment (TME). While prior studies have described the activation of this inflammasome in driving pro-tumorigenic mechanisms, emerging data is now revealing the tumor NLRP3 inflammasome and the downstream release of heat shock protein-70 (HSP70) to regulate anti-tumor immunity and contribute to the development of adaptive resistance to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Genetic alterations that influence the activity of the NLRP3 signaling axis are likely to impact T cell-mediated tumor cell killing and may indicate which tumors rely on this pathway for immune escape. These studies suggest that the NLRP3 inflammasome and its secreted product, HSP70, represent promising pharmacologic targets for manipulating innate immune cell populations in the TME while enhancing responses to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. Additional studies are needed to better understand tumor-specific regulatory mechanisms of NLRP3 to enable the development of tumor-selective pharmacologic strategies capable of augmenting responses to checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy while minimizing unwanted off-target effects. The execution of upcoming clinical trials investigating this strategy to overcome anti-PD-1 resistance promises to provide novel insight into the role of this pathway in immuno-oncology.
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5
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Cullen JK, Simmons JL, Parsons PG, Boyle GM. Topical treatments for skin cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 153:54-64. [PMID: 31705912 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Skin cancer is a broad term used to describe a number of different malignant indications of the skin. Skin cancers mostly comprise of the keratinocyte cancers [Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)], and melanoma. Surgical excision of these malignancies has been the preferred treatment of patients for decades. However, the decision to perform surgery can be affected by various considerations, including co-morbidities of the patient, the anatomical site of the lesion and potential intolerance for repeated excisions. Topical treatment of skin cancer may therefore be more appropriate in certain instances. Topical treatment potentially allows for higher drug levels at the tumor site, and may result in less overall toxicity than systemic agents. This review will specifically address the current agents used in topical treatment of skin cancers, and introduce emerging treatments from the natural product field that may also find utility in these indications.
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Prow NA, Hirata TDC, Tang B, Larcher T, Mukhopadhyay P, Alves TL, Le TT, Gardner J, Poo YS, Nakayama E, Lutzky VP, Nakaya HI, Suhrbier A. Exacerbation of Chikungunya Virus Rheumatic Immunopathology by a High Fiber Diet and Butyrate. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2736. [PMID: 31849947 PMCID: PMC6888101 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito transmitted alphavirus associated with a robust systemic infection and an acute inflammatory rheumatic disease. A high fiber diet has been widely promoted for its ability to ameliorate inflammatory diseases. Fiber is fermented in the gut into short chain fatty acids such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, which enter the circulation providing systemic anti-inflammatory activities. Herein we show that mice fed a high fiber diet show a clear exacerbation of CHIKV arthropathy, with increased edema and neutrophil infiltrates. RNA-Seq analyses illustrated that a high fiber diet, in this setting, promoted a range of pro-neutrophil responses including Th17/IL-17. Gene Set Enrichment Analyses demonstrated significant similarities with mouse models of inflammatory psoriasis and significant depression of macrophage resolution phase signatures in the CHIKV arthritic lesions from mice fed a high fiber diet. Supplementation of the drinking water with butyrate also increased edema after CHIKV infection. However, the mechanisms involved were different, with modulation of AP-1 and NF-κB responses identified, potentially implicating deoptimization of endothelial barrier repair. Thus, neither fiber nor short chain fatty acids provided benefits in this acute infectious disease setting, which is characterized by widespread viral cytopathic effects and a need for tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A Prow
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Thiago D C Hirata
- Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bing Tang
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Thibaut Larcher
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 703, Oniris, Nantes, France
| | - Pamela Mukhopadhyay
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tiago Lubiana Alves
- Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thuy T Le
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joy Gardner
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Yee Suan Poo
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Eri Nakayama
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Viviana P Lutzky
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Helder I Nakaya
- Computational Systems Biology Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andreas Suhrbier
- Immunology Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Foley K, Gupta AK, Martin G, Tweed JA, Villanueva E, Carviel J. Topical treatments and photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis of the face and scalp. Hippokratia 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Foley
- Mediprobe Research Inc.; 645 Windermere Road London ON Canada N5X 2P1
| | - Aditya K Gupta
- Mediprobe Research Inc.; 645 Windermere Road London ON Canada N5X 2P1
| | - George Martin
- Dr. George Martin Dermatology Associates; 41 East Lipoa St Suite 21 Kihei Hawaii USA 96753
| | - John A Tweed
- The University of Nottingham; c/o Cochrane Skin Group; King's Meadow Campus Lenton Lane Nottingham UK NG7 2NR
| | - Elmer Villanueva
- Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University; Department of Public Health; 111 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town Suzhou Industrial Park Suzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Jessie Carviel
- Mediprobe Research Inc.; 645 Windermere Road London ON Canada N5X 2P1
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Cauci S, Buligan C, Rocchi F, Salvador I, Xodo L, Stinco G. Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist gene variable number of tandem repeats polymorphism and cutaneous melanoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5759-5768. [PMID: 31788049 PMCID: PMC6865156 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunity and cytokines serve crucial roles in cutaneous melanoma. The present study investigated whether a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) gene (IL-1RN) located in intron 2 (rs2234663) is associated with cutaneous melanoma. A total of 515 subjects were studied, 133 of which were cutaneous melanoma cases (72 stage I+II non-metastatic melanoma cases and 61 stage III+IV metastatic melanoma cases), and 382 subjects were matching healthy controls from the Friuli-Venezia-Giulia Region located in Northeast Italy, an area with a high melanoma incidence. The IL-1RN-VNTR polymorphism was determined by DNA fragment length analysis following PCR amplification. According to the number of 86-bp repeats, five different IL-1RN alleles were identified: Allele 1 (4-repeats), allele 2 (2-repeats, short allele), allele 3 (5-repeats), allele 4 (3-repeats) and allele 5 (6-repeats). Alleles with three or more 86-bp repeats, i.e. allele 1, 3, 4 and 5 were collectively denoted as long (L) repeats. The present study revealed that IL-1RN-VNTR 1/2 and 2/L genotypes were more frequent among patients with cutaneous melanoma (43.6 and 45.1%, respectively) compared with healthy controls [29.6 and 30.6%, respectively; odds ratio (OR), 1.84; CI, 1.22–2.77; P=0.003; and OR, 1.66; CI, 1.24–2.79; P=0.002, respectively]. Conversely, the IL-1RN-VNTR 1/1 genotype was less frequent among melanoma cases (45.9%) compared with healthy controls (57.9%; OR, 0.62; CI, 0.41–0.92; P=0.017). Comparison of metastatic vs. non-metastatic melanoma cases identified no significant differences. The present study first demonstrated that carriage of the 1/1 IL-1RN-VNTR genotype was protective, whereas 1/2 and 2/L was a risk factor for patients with cutaneous melanoma vs. healthy controls. The short allele 2 was associated with higher expression levels of IL-1RA, a potent competitive inhibitor of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α and IL-1β. VNTR-IL-1RN polymorphism may affect susceptibility to melanoma and, thus, it is a potential novel diagnostic biomarker for melanoma. The present study increased the understanding of genetic melanoma susceptibility/carcinogenesis, and may indicate novel strategies in the personalized prevention of cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Cauci
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Cinzia Buligan
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.,Department of Dermatology, University-Hospital of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Francesco Rocchi
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Ilaria Salvador
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Luigi Xodo
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Stinco
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy.,Department of Dermatology, University-Hospital of Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy
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Lee PH, Yamamoto TN, Gurusamy D, Sukumar M, Yu Z, Hu-Li J, Kawabe T, Gangaplara A, Kishton RJ, Henning AN, Vodnala SK, Germain RN, Paul WE, Restifo NP. Host conditioning with IL-1β improves the antitumor function of adoptively transferred T cells. J Exp Med 2019; 216:2619-2634. [PMID: 31405895 PMCID: PMC6829590 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20181218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Host conditioning has emerged as an important component of effective adoptive cell transfer-based immunotherapy for cancer. High levels of IL-1β are induced by host conditioning, but its impact on the antitumor function of T cells remains unclear. We found that the administration of IL-1β increased the population size and functionality of adoptively transferred T cells within the tumor. Most importantly, IL-1β enhanced the ability of tumor-specific T cells to trigger the regression of large, established B16 melanoma tumors in mice. Mechanistically, we showed that the increase in T cell numbers was associated with superior tissue homing and survival abilities and was largely mediated by IL-1β-stimulated host cells. In addition, IL-1β enhanced T cell functionality indirectly via its actions on radio-resistant host cells in an IL-2- and IL-15-dependent manner. Our findings not only underscore the potential of provoking inflammation to enhance antitumor immunity but also uncover novel host regulations of T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hsien Lee
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD .,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Cytokine Biology Unit, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Tori N Yamamoto
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Immunology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Devikala Gurusamy
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Madhusudhanan Sukumar
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Zhiya Yu
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jane Hu-Li
- Cytokine Biology Unit, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Takeshi Kawabe
- Cytokine Biology Unit, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Arunakumar Gangaplara
- Cellular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Rigel J Kishton
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Amanda N Henning
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Suman K Vodnala
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ronald N Germain
- Cytokine Biology Unit, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Lymphocyte Biology Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - William E Paul
- Cytokine Biology Unit, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nicholas P Restifo
- Surgery Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD .,Center for Cell-Based Therapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.,Immunology Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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10
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Hanke CW, Albrecht L, Skov T, Larsson T, Østerdal ML, Spelman L. Efficacy and safety of ingenol mebutate gel in field treatment of actinic keratosis on full face, balding scalp, or approximately 250 cm 2 on the chest: A phase 3 randomized controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019; 82:642-650. [PMID: 31374304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ingenol mebutate (IngMeb) 0.015% or 0.05% is approved for actinic keratosis (AK) areas of 25 cm2 or less; some patients require treatment of larger fields. OBJECTIVE To determine efficacy and safety of IngMeb 0.027% in areas of AK of up to 250 cm2 during an 8-week initial assessment period and extended 12-month follow-up. METHODS This phase 3, randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled trial (NCT02361216) enrolled adult patients with 5 to 20 AK lesions on the face/scalp (25-250 cm2) or chest (approximately 250 cm2). Patients received once-daily IngMeb or vehicle for 3 consecutive days on the full face, full balding scalp, or approximately 250 cm2 on the chest. The primary endpoint was complete AK clearance (AKCLEAR 100; week 8). Additional endpoints included partial AK clearance (AKCLEAR 75), recurrence, patient satisfaction, cosmetic outcome, and safety. RESULTS IngMeb was superior to vehicle for complete AK clearance (21.4% vs 3.4%, P < .001) and AK clearance of 75% or greater (59.4% vs 8.9%, P < .001) at week 8. Probability of sustained clearance during the 12-month follow-up was 22.9% for patients treated with IngMeb. Increased treatment satisfaction and cosmetic outcomes were observed with IngMeb versus vehicle. No unexpected safety signals were identified. LIMITATIONS Localized skin responses hindered maintenance of double-blinding. CONCLUSIONS IngMeb 0.027% was superior to vehicle for treatment of AK areas of up to 250 cm2. The safety profile of IngMeb was as expected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lynda Spelman
- Veracity Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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11
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Ehret M, Velter C, Tebacher M, Bruant-Rodier C, Cribier B. Carcinome épidermoïde de croissance rapide après traitement par mébutate d’ingénol. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2018; 145:607-612. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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de Oliveira ECV, da Motta VRV, Pantoja PC, Ilha CSDO, Magalhães RF, Galadari H, Leonardi GR. Actinic keratosis - review for clinical practice. Int J Dermatol 2018; 58:400-407. [PMID: 30070357 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Actinic keratosis (AK) is a lesion that arises as a result of excessive exposure to solar radiation and appearing predominantly on Fitzpatrick phototype I and II skin. Given that some AKs evolve into squamous cell carcinoma, these lesions are considered premalignant in nature, occurring mostly in elderly men and immunosuppressed individuals chronically exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. There are several mechanisms for the formation of AKs; among them are oxidative stress, immunosuppression, inflammation, altered proliferation and dysregulation of cell growth, impaired apoptosis, mutagenesis, and human papillomavirus (HPV). Through the understanding of these mechanisms, several treatments have emerged. Among the options for AK treatment, the most commonly used include 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cryotherapy, diclofenac, photodynamic therapy (PDT), imiquimod (IQ), retinoids, and ingenol mebutate (IM). There have been recent advances in the treatment options that have seen the emergent use of newer agents such as resiquimod, betulinic acid, piroxicam, and dobesilate. The combination between therapies has presented relevant results with intention to reduce duration of therapy and side effects. All AK cases must be treated because of their propensity to transform into malignancy and further complicate treatment. In addition to medical or surgical care, education about sun exposure prevention remains the best and most cost-effective method for AK prevention. The objective of this article is to conduct a literature review of the clinical presentation of AK including advances in treatment options available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika C V de Oliveira
- Medical Clinic Post Graduation Program of the Medical Sciences Faculty, University of Campinas - UNICAMP- Brazil, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Valéria R V da Motta
- Medical Clinic Post Graduation Program of the Medical Sciences Faculty, University of Campinas - UNICAMP- Brazil, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Paola C Pantoja
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP- Brazil, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carolina S de O Ilha
- Dermatology Medical Residence Program of the Medical Sciences Faculty, University of Campinas - UNICAMP- Brazil, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Renata F Magalhães
- Dermatology Department in the Medical Sciences Faculty, University of Campinas - UNICAMP- Brazil, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Hassan Galadari
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gislaine R Leonardi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas - UNICAMP- Brazil, Campinas, Brazil
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13
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Early and Late Onset Side Effects of Photodynamic Therapy. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6010012. [PMID: 29382133 PMCID: PMC5874669 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment successfully used for neoplastic, inflammatory and infectious skin diseases. One of its strengths is represented by the high safety profile, even in elderly and/or immuno-depressed subjects. PDT, however, may induce early and late onset side effects. Erythema, pain, burns, edema, itching, desquamation, and pustular formation, often in association with each other, are frequently observed in course of exposure to the light source and in the hours/days immediately after the therapy. In particular, pain is a clinically relevant short-term complication that also reduces long-term patient satisfaction. Rare complications are urticaria, contact dermatitis at the site of application of the photosensitizer, and erosive pustular dermatosis. Debated is the relationship between PDT and carcinogenesis: the eruptive appearance of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in previously treated areas has been correlated to a condition of local and/or systemic immunosuppression or to the selection of PDT-resistant SCC. Here we review the literature, with particular emphasis to the pathogenic hypotheses underlying these observations.
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14
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Cozzi SJ, Le TT, Ogbourne SM, James C, Suhrbier A. Tattoo removal with ingenol mebutate. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2017; 10:205-210. [PMID: 28579816 PMCID: PMC5448692 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s135716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of people are getting tattoos; however, many regret the decision and seek their removal. Lasers are currently the most commonly used method for tattoo removal; however, treatment can be lengthy, costly, and sometimes ineffective, especially for certain colors. Ingenol mebutate is a licensed topical treatment for actinic keratoses. Here, we demonstrate that two applications of 0.1% ingenol mebutate can efficiently and consistently remove 2-week-old tattoos from SKH/hr hairless mice. Treatment was associated with relocation of tattoo microspheres from the dermis into the posttreatment eschar. The skin lesion resolved about 20 days after treatment initiation, with some cicatrix formation evident. The implications for using ingenol mebutate for tattoo removal in humans are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah-Jane Cozzi
- Inflammation Biology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane
| | - Thuy T Le
- Inflammation Biology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane
| | - Steven M Ogbourne
- Genecology Research Center, Faculty of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD, Australia
| | - Cini James
- Inflammation Biology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane
| | - Andreas Suhrbier
- Inflammation Biology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane
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15
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Lin C, Zhang J. Inflammasomes in Inflammation-Induced Cancer. Front Immunol 2017; 8:271. [PMID: 28360909 PMCID: PMC5350111 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammasome is an important multiprotein complex that functions during inflammatory immune responses. The activation of inflammasome will lead to the autoactivation of caspase-1 and subsequent cleavage of proIL-1β and proIL-18, which are key sources of inflammatory manifestations. Recently, the roles of inflammasomes in cancers have been extensively explored, especially in inflammation-induced cancers. In different and specific contexts, inflammasomes exhibit distinct and even contrasting effects in cancer development. In some cases, inflammasomes initiate carcinogenesis through the extrinsic pathway and maintain the malignant cancer microenvironment through the intrinsic pathway. On the contrary, inflammasomes also exert anticancer effects by specialized programmed cell death called pyroptosis and immune regulatory functions. The phases and compartments in which inflammasomes are activated strongly influence the final immune effects. We systemically summarize the functions of inflammasomes in inflammation-induced cancers, especially in gastrointestinal and skin cancers. Besides, information about the current therapeutic use of inflammasome-related products and potential future developing directions are also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu Lin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing , China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China, Peking University Health Science Center , Beijing , China
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16
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RNA-Seq analysis of chikungunya virus infection and identification of granzyme A as a major promoter of arthritic inflammation. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006155. [PMID: 28207896 PMCID: PMC5312928 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an arthritogenic alphavirus causing epidemics of acute and chronic arthritic disease. Herein we describe a comprehensive RNA-Seq analysis of feet and lymph nodes at peak viraemia (day 2 post infection), acute arthritis (day 7) and chronic disease (day 30) in the CHIKV adult wild-type mouse model. Genes previously shown to be up-regulated in CHIKV patients were also up-regulated in the mouse model. CHIKV sequence information was also obtained with up to ≈8% of the reads mapping to the viral genome; however, no adaptive viral genome changes were apparent. Although day 2, 7 and 30 represent distinct stages of infection and disease, there was a pronounced overlap in up-regulated host genes and pathways. Type I interferon response genes (IRGs) represented up to ≈50% of up-regulated genes, even after loss of type I interferon induction on days 7 and 30. Bioinformatic analyses suggested a number of interferon response factors were primarily responsible for maintaining type I IRG induction. A group of genes prominent in the RNA-Seq analysis and hitherto unexplored in viral arthropathies were granzymes A, B and K. Granzyme A-/- and to a lesser extent granzyme K-/-, but not granzyme B-/-, mice showed a pronounced reduction in foot swelling and arthritis, with analysis of granzyme A-/- mice showing no reductions in viral loads but reduced NK and T cell infiltrates post CHIKV infection. Treatment with Serpinb6b, a granzyme A inhibitor, also reduced arthritic inflammation in wild-type mice. In non-human primates circulating granzyme A levels were elevated after CHIKV infection, with the increase correlating with viral load. Elevated granzyme A levels were also seen in a small cohort of human CHIKV patients. Taken together these results suggest granzyme A is an important driver of arthritic inflammation and a potential target for therapy. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00281294 The largest chikungunya virus (CHIKV) epidemic ever recorded began in 2004 in Africa and spread across Asia reaching Europe and recently the Americas, with millions of cases reported. We undertook a detailed analysis of the mRNA expression profile during acute and chronic arthritis in an adult wild-type mouse model of CHIKV infection and disease. Gene induction profiles showed a high concordance with published human data, providing some validation of the mouse model. The host response was overwhelmingly dominated by type I interferon response genes, even after type I interferon induction was lost. The analysis also provided information on CHIKV RNA, with no adaptive viral genome changes identified. An important goal of the analysis was to identify new players in arthritic inflammation. Granzyme A was prominent in the RNA-Seq data and granzyme A deficient mice showed reduced arthritis, with no effects on viral loads. Arthritic disease could also be ameliorated in wild-type mice with a granzyme A inhibitor. Elevated circulating granzyme A levels were seen in non-human primates infected with CHIKV and in human CHIKV patients. Granzyme A thus emerges to be a major driver of CHIKV-mediated arthritic inflammation and a potential target for anti-inflammatory interventions.
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17
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Meier K, Drexler SK, Eberle FC, Lefort K, Yazdi AS. Silencing of ASC in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164742. [PMID: 27768771 PMCID: PMC5074456 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC) is an important adaptor protein for inflammasome activation, mediating the secretion of protumorigenic innate cytokines. However, ASC is also known to trigger apoptosis in tumor cells, acting as a tumor-suppressor gene, which is lost in several human cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of ASC in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Initially, ASC expression was immunohistochemically evaluated in non-metastic and metastatic SCC. While ASC expression does not correlate with metastatic potential, it correlates with the degree of dedifferentiation. Using methylation specific PCR we were able to demonstrate ASC silencing by promotor specific methylation and impaired inflammasome function in methylated cell lines, linking epigenetic modifications to innate immune activation in keratinocytes. Interestingly, upon ASC restoration by treatment with demethylating agents, we were able to restore AIM2 and NLRP3 activation. In summary, loss of ASC driven tumor development is counterbalanced in the identical cell by the inhibition of pro-tumorigenic inflammation in the tumor cell itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Meier
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Stefan K. Drexler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Karine Lefort
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Amir S. Yazdi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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