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Das A, Bonney A, Manser R. Prevalence of pulmonary nodules detected incidentally on noncancer-related imaging: a review. Intern Med J 2024; 54:1440-1449. [PMID: 39194304 DOI: 10.1111/imj.16502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary nodules are common incidental findings requiring surveillance. Follow-up recommendations vary depending on risk factors, size and solid or subsolid characteristics. This review aimed to evaluate the prevalence of clinically significant nodules detected on noncancer-dedicated imaging and the prevalence of part-solid and ground-glass nodules. We conducted a systematic search of literature and screened texts for eligibility. Clinically significant nodules were noncalcified nodules >4-6 mm. Prevalence estimates were calculated for all studies and risk of bias was assessed by one reviewer. Twenty-four studies were included, with a total of 30 887 participants, and 21 studies were cross-sectional in design. Twenty-two studies used computed tomography (CT) imaging with cardiac-related CT being the most frequent. Prevalence of significant nodules was highest in studies with large field of view of the chest and low size thresholds for reporting nodules. The prevalence of part-solid and ground-glass nodules was only described in two cardiac-related CT studies. The overall risk of bias was low in seven studies and moderate in 17 studies. While current literature frequently reports incidental nodules on cardiovascular-related CT, there is minimal reporting of subsolid characteristics. Unclear quantification of smoking history and heterogeneity of imaging protocol also limits reliable evaluation of nodule prevalence in nonscreening cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Das
- The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Medical School, Royal Melbourne Hospital Clinical School, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Asha Bonney
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Renee Manser
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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2
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Martin MD, Henry TS, Berry MF, Johnson GB, Kelly AM, Ko JP, Kuzniewski CT, Lee E, Maldonado F, Morris MF, Munden RF, Raptis CA, Shim K, Sirajuddin A, Small W, Tong BC, Wu CC, Donnelly EF. ACR Appropriateness Criteria® Incidentally Detected Indeterminate Pulmonary Nodule. J Am Coll Radiol 2023; 20:S455-S470. [PMID: 38040464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Incidental pulmonary nodules are common. Although the majority are benign, most are indeterminate for malignancy when first encountered making their management challenging. CT remains the primary imaging modality to first characterize and follow-up incidental lung nodules. This document reviews available literature on various imaging modalities and summarizes management of indeterminate pulmonary nodules detected incidentally. The American College of Radiology Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed annually by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and revision process support the systematic analysis of the medical literature from peer reviewed journals. Established methodology principles such as Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation or GRADE are adapted to evaluate the evidence. The RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method User Manual provides the methodology to determine the appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures for specific clinical scenarios. In those instances where peer reviewed literature is lacking or equivocal, experts may be the primary evidentiary source available to formulate a recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D Martin
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
| | | | - Mark F Berry
- Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California; Society of Thoracic Surgeons
| | - Geoffrey B Johnson
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Commission on Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
| | | | - Jane P Ko
- New York University Langone Health, New York, New York; IF Committee
| | | | - Elizabeth Lee
- University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Fabien Maldonado
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee; American College of Chest Physicians
| | | | - Reginald F Munden
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; IF Committee
| | | | - Kyungran Shim
- John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois; American College of Physicians
| | | | - William Small
- Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center, Maywood, Illinois; Commission on Radiation Oncology
| | - Betty C Tong
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Society of Thoracic Surgeons
| | - Carol C Wu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Edwin F Donnelly
- Specialty Chair, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio
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3
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Lopez CD, Ding J, Peterson JR, Ahmed R, Heffernan JT, Lobao MH, Jobin CM, Levine WN. Incidental Pulmonary Nodules Found on Shoulder Arthroplasty Preoperative CT Scans. J Shoulder Elb Arthroplast 2022; 6:24715492221090762. [PMID: 35669617 PMCID: PMC9163726 DOI: 10.1177/24715492221090762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
With current emphasis on preoperative templating of anatomical and reverse shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA and rTSA, respectively), patients often receive thin slice (<1.0 mm) computerized tomography (CT) scans of the operative shoulder, which includes about two-thirds of the ipsilateral lung. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and management of incidentally detected pulmonary nodules on preoperative CT scans for shoulder arthroplasty. In this single-center retrospective study, we queried records of aTSA and rTSA patients from 2015 to 2020 who received preoperative CT imaging of the shoulder. Compared to patients with negative CT findings, there were significantly more females (63.8% vs. 46.4%; P = .011), COPD (13.0% vs. 4.7%; P = .015), and asthma (18.8% vs. 6.9%; P = .003) among the patients with incidental nodules on CT. Binary logistic regression confirmed that female sex (odds ratio = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.04 to 3.88; P = .037), COPD history (OR = 3.02; 95% CI = 1.05 to 8.65; P = .040), and asthma history (OR = 3.17; 95% CI = 1.30 to 7.77; P = .011) were significantly associated with an incidental nodule finding. Incidental pulmonary nodules found on shoulder arthroplasty preoperative CT scans are often low risk in size with low risk of malignancy, and do not require further workup. This study may provide guidance to orthopedic surgeons on how to manage patients with incidental pulmonary nodules to increase chances of early cancer detection, avoid unnecessary referrals, reduce potentially harmful radiation exposure of serial CT scans, and improve cost efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar D Lopez
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica Ding
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joel R Peterson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rifat Ahmed
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - John T Heffernan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mario H Lobao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles M Jobin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William N Levine
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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4
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Tobe A, Tanaka A, Tokuda Y, Miki Y, Furusawa K, Akita S, Fujii T, Tsutsumi Y, Ishii H, Iwano S, Naganawa S, Usui A, Murohara T. Incidental findings on computed tomography for preoperative assessment before transcatheter aortic valve implantation in Japanese patients. Heart Vessels 2021; 36:1911-1922. [PMID: 34081162 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-021-01875-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Extra-cardiovascular incidental findings (IFs) on preoperative computed tomography (CT) are frequently observed in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) candidates. However, the backgrounds of TAVI candidates and comorbidities differ based on the race and/or country, and data on IFs in a specific population are not always applicable to another. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence, type, and clinical impact of IFs in Japanese TAVI candidates. This was a retrospective, single-center, observational study. CT reports of 257 TAVI candidates were reviewed, and IFs were classified as (a) insignificant: findings that did not require further investigation, treatment, or follow-up; (b) intermediate: findings that needed to be followed up or were considered for further investigation but did not affect the planning of TAVI; and (c) significant: findings that required further investigation immediately or affected the planning of TAVI. At least one IF was found in 254 patients (98.8%). Insignificant, intermediate, and significant IFs were found in 253 (98.4%), 153 (59.5%), and 34 (13.2%) patients, respectively. Newly indicated significant IFs were found in 19 patients (7.4%). In 2 patients (0.8%), TAVI was canceled because of significant IFs. In patients who consequently underwent TAVI, the presence of significant IFs was not associated with the duration from CT performance to TAVI [28 (19-40) days vs. 27 (19-43) days, p = 0.74] and all-cause mortality during the median follow-up period of 413 (223-805) days (p = 0.44). Almost all Japanese TAVI candidates had at least one IF, and the prevalence of significant IFs was not negligible. Although the presence of significant IFs was not associated with mid-term mortality, appropriate management of IFs was considered important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Tobe
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihito Tanaka
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Yoshiyuki Tokuda
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miki
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Furusawa
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sho Akita
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taro Fujii
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Tsutsumi
- Department of Radiological Technology, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideki Ishii
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Cardiology, Fujita Health University Bantane Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shingo Iwano
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinji Naganawa
- Department of Radiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihiko Usui
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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5
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Murphy AC, Koshy AN, Cameron W, Horrigan M, Kearney L, Yeo B, Farouque O, Yudi MB. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with a history of cancer: Periprocedural and long-term outcomes. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2021; 97:157-164. [PMID: 32497385 DOI: 10.1002/ccd.28969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A history of cancer is incorporated into the surgical risk assessment of patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement through the Society for Thoracic Surgeons score. However, the prognostic significance of cancer in patients treated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is unclear. As the cancer survivorship population increases, it is imperative to establish the efficacy and safety of TAVR in patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) and a history of malignancy. OBJECTIVES The primary goal of this study was to assess the periprocedural outcomes and long-term mortality in patients with a history of cancer undergoing TAVR. METHODS A systematic review of PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE was conducted to identify studies reporting outcomes in patients with a history of malignancy undergoing TAVR. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model with a primary outcome of all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality at the longest follow-up. On secondary analyses, procedural safety was assessed. RESULTS A total of 13 observational studies with 10,916 patients were identified in the systematic review. Seven studies including 6,323 patients were included in the quantitative analysis. Short-term mortality (relative risk [RR] 0.61, 95%CI 0.36-1.01; p = .06) and long-term all-cause mortality (RR 1.24, 95%CI 0.95-1.63; p = .11) were not significantly different when comparing patients with and without a history of cancer. No significant difference in the rate of periprocedural complications including stroke, bleeding, acute kidney injury, and pacemaker implantation was noted. CONCLUSION In patients with severe AS undergoing TAVR, a history of cancer was not associated with adverse short or long-term survival. Based on these findings, TAVR should be considered in all patients with severe symptomatic AS, irrespective of their history of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra C Murphy
- Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anoop N Koshy
- Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - William Cameron
- Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Horrigan
- Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leighton Kearney
- Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Belinda Yeo
- Department of Oncology, The Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Omar Farouque
- Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matias B Yudi
- Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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6
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Ghotra AS, Monlezun DJ, Boone D, Jacob R, Poosti K, Loghin C, Garcia-Sayan E, Johnson S, Zhao Y, Balan P, Nguyen TC, Estrera A, Gregoric ID, Loyalka P, Kar B, Smalling RW, Dhoble A. Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation With Incidentally Discovered Masses on Computed Tomography. Am J Cardiol 2020; 132:114-118. [PMID: 32798041 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Routine preprocedural chest and abdomen computed tomography is done prior to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), which, in turn, have led to the discovery of radiographic potentially malignant incidental masses (pMIM). It is largely unknown whether pMIM impact the outcomes of patients undergoing TAVI. In this retrospective cohort study from a single center, 1,081 patients underwent TAVI from 2012 to 2016, who had available computed tomographies, survived the index hospitalization, and also had 1 year follow-up data for review. Machine learning (backward propagation neural network)-augmented multivariable regression for mortality by pMIM was conducted. In this cohort of 1,081 patients, the mean age was 79.1 (± 9.0), 48.8% were females, 16.8% had a history of prior malignancy, and 21.1% had pMIM. One-year mortality for the entire cohort was 12.6%. The most common prior malignancies were prostate, breast, and lymphoma and the most common pMIM were present in the lung, kidneys, and thyroid. In a fully adjusted regression analysis, neither prior malignancy nor pMIM increased mortality odds. However, having both was associated with a higher 1-year mortality (odds ratio 4.02, 95% confidence interval 1.50 to 10.73, p = 0.006). In conclusion, presence of pMIM alone was not associated with an increased 1-year mortality among patients undergoing TAVI. However, the presence of pMIM and a history of prior malignancy was associated with a significant increase in 1-year mortality.
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7
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Ye K, Zhu Q, Li M, Lu Y, Yuan H. A feasibility study of pulmonary nodule detection by ultralow-dose CT with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V technique. Eur J Radiol 2019; 119:108652. [PMID: 31521879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.108652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical value of ultralow-dose CT (ULDCT) with adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V (ASiR-V) in the detection of pulmonary nodules in a Chinese population. METHOD One hundred eighty-eight patients (16.41 ≤ BMI ≤ 29.87 kg/m2) with pulmonary nodules detected on low-dose chest CT (LDCT) underwent local ULDCT at the center of the chosen nodule with a scan length of 3 cm. LDCT was performed using the Assist kV (120/100 kV)/Smart mA mode and at 120 kV/2.8 mAs for ULDCT. After scanning, CT images were reconstructed with ASiR-V 50%. For both scans, nodule diameters were measured and reference standards were established for the presence and types of lung nodules found on LDCT. The sensitivity of ULDCT was compared against the standard, and logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent predictors for nodule detection. RESULTS Compared with LDCT (0.93 ± 0.32 mSv), a 89.7% dose decrease was seen with ULDCT, for which the calculated effective dose was 0.096 ± 0.006 mSv (P < 0.001). LDCT showed 188 nodules, including 123 solid and 65 subsolid nodules. The overall sensitivity for nodule detection in ULDCT was 90.4% (170/188), and 98.2% (54/55) for nodules ≥ 6 mm. In multivariate analysis, nodule types and diameters were independent predictors of sensitivity (P < 0.05). However, patients' BMI had no effect on nodule detection (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS ULDCT can be used in the management of pulmonary nodules for people with BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2 at 10% radiation dose of LDCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Ye
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qiao Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meijiao Li
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yuliu Lu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huishu Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
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8
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The Onco-cardiologist Dilemma: to Implant, to Defer, or to Avoid Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Cancer Patients with Aortic Stenosis? Curr Cardiol Rep 2019; 21:83. [DOI: 10.1007/s11886-019-1166-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Markowiak T, Holzamer A, Hilker M, Pregler B, Debl K, Hofmann HS, Ried M. Incidental thoracic findings in computed tomography scans before transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2019; 28:559-565. [PMID: 30380069 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivy299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are used routinely. In elderly high-risk patients, incidental radiographic findings are frequently reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of auxiliary findings on the patients' mid-term survival, which might affect the treatment strategy. METHODS Between March 2011 and April 2016, all radiological reports of contrast-enhanced CT scans of 976 patients scheduled for TAVI were analysed retrospectively for incidental thoracic findings including solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN) and thoracic lymphadenopathy (LAP). The minimum follow-up period was 1 year after TAVI. RESULTS The median age of all patients was 79 years; 51.9% (n = 507) were women. Approximately 37% (n = 361) of patients showed 1 of the determined findings. An SPN ≥5 mm was diagnosed in 16.4% (n = 160) of patients. Four of them developed lung cancer and 2 nodules were identified as metastases during follow-up. In addition, 12% (n = 117) of the patients had thoracic LAP. Whereas SPN had no significant effect on the overall survival rate, evidence of LAP turned out to be a statistically significant factor regarding 4-year survival (P = 0.001; hazard ratio 1.66; 95% confidence internal 1.19-2.31). CONCLUSIONS SPN ≥5 mm were detected in 16.4% of patients scheduled for TAVI. Nevertheless, the incidence of lung cancer was low and the effect on survival in this high-risk group of patients was statistically not significant. In contrast, thoracic LAP had a significant negative effect on survival. It needs to be proven if the outcome of this cohort can be enhanced by further diagnostics and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Markowiak
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Holzamer
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Hilker
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Pregler
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Kurt Debl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Stefan Hofmann
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Ried
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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10
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Ha FJ, Tham JLM, Paleri S, Wright C, Yap KK, Adams HS, Whitbourn RJ, Palmer SC. Outcomes of incidental findings on multi-detector computed tomography for transcatheter aortic valve implantation assessment: A single-centre study and review of the literature. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2019; 63:446-453. [PMID: 30874377 DOI: 10.1111/1754-9485.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) require multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) when considered for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Incidental findings on MDCT are common given the age group and region imaged. Our aim was to evaluate the frequency and outcome of incidental findings (IF) identified on MDCT and the impact on survival. METHODS This single-centre analysis retrospectively reviewed severe AS patients who underwent MDCT during TAVI workup. MDCT reports were reviewed for any IF and defined into three categories: IF of no relevant clinical significance (IF-NoCS), IF of non-immediate clinical significance (IF-NICS) and IF of immediate clinical significance (IF-ICS). Demographics, follow-up of IF and survival were calculated from MDCT date. RESULTS Two hundred and sixty-five patients underwent MDCT for TAVI suitability (mean age 83 ± 6 years, 52% male). The majority proceeded to TAVI (65%). Renal lesions (25%) and lung nodules (18%) were the most common IF. Fifty-nine patients (22%) had IF-NICS; 39% (23/59) were benign, 59% were not further investigated and one patient had suspected lung cancer. Six patients (2.3%) had IF-ICS and all were diagnosed with lung cancer. During a median follow-up of 272 days, there was no survival difference between patients with IF-ICS or IF-NICS versus patients without IF or IF-NoCS in the overall cohort (P = 0.44) or in TAVI patients (P = 0.88). CONCLUSION Incidental findings on MDCT are common with one-quarter having IF-ICS or IF-NCIS. Most patients with IF-NICS did not undergo further investigation. Standardized reporting of MDCT may assist in clarifying the need for further investigation which will in turn influence decision and timing to proceed with TAVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis J Ha
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jodie Li Mei Tham
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarang Paleri
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christine Wright
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kelvin K Yap
- Medical Imaging Department, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Heath Sl Adams
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Faculty of Health Science, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Robert J Whitbourn
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sonny C Palmer
- Department of Cardiology, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Paks M, Leong P, Einsiedel P, Irving LB, Steinfort DP, Pascoe DM. Ultralow dose CT for follow-up of solid pulmonary nodules: A pilot single-center study using Bland-Altman analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12019. [PMID: 30142849 PMCID: PMC6112944 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid pulmonary nodules are a common finding requiring serial computed tomography (CT) imaging. We sought to explore the detection and measurement accuracy of an ultralow-dose CT (ULDCT) protocol compared with our standard low-dose CT (LDCT) nodule follow-up protocol.In this pragmatic single-center pilot prospective cohort study, patients scheduled for clinically indicated CT surveillance of 1 or more known solid pulmonary nodules >2 mm underwent ULDCT immediately after routine LDCT. The Bland-Altman 95% limits of agreement for diameter and volumetry were calculated.In all, 57 patients underwent 60 imaging episodes, with 170 evaluable nodules. ULDCT detected all known solid pulmonary nodules >2 mm. Bland-Altman analyses demonstrated clinically agreement for both nodule diameter and volume, both of which fell within prespecified limits.This single-center pilot study suggests that ULDCT may be of use in surveillance of known solid pulmonary nodules >2 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Leong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Melbourne Health
| | | | - Louis B. Irving
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Melbourne Health
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Daniel P. Steinfort
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Melbourne Health
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Diane M. Pascoe
- Department of Radiology
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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12
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Komatsu H, Izumi N, Tsukioka T, Chung K, Toda M, Hara K, Nishiyama N. Pulmonary Resection for Lung Cancer Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation for Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis: A Case Report. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 26:220-223. [PMID: 29695653 PMCID: PMC7435133 DOI: 10.5761/atcs.cr.18-00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An 82-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of dyspnea on effort. Echocardiography revealed severe aortic valve stenosis (AS). Simultaneously, chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a 19-mm nodule in the lower lobe of the right lung, and bronchoscopic biopsy revealed adenocarcinoma. She underwent transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for severe AS. Three weeks later, she underwent lower lobectomy of the right lung and mediastinal dissection for the lung cancer. Her postoperative course was good, and she was discharged 8 days postoperatively. In conclusion, we encountered a patient who successfully underwent pulmonary resection for lung cancer following TAVI for severe AS. We suggest that pulmonary resection following TAVI is an acceptable choice for lung cancer in patients with severe AS because of the lack of a need for cardiopulmonary bypass, the high safety and efficacy of two-stage therapy, and the short period between the two therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Komatsu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Izumi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuma Tsukioka
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kyukwang Chung
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michihito Toda
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kantaro Hara
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Nishiyama
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Osaka City University Hospital, Osaka, Osaka, Japan
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Trenkwalder T, Lahmann AL, Nowicka M, Pellegrini C, Rheude T, Mayr NP, Voss S, Bleiziffer S, Lange R, Joner M, Kasel AM, Kastrati A, Schunkert H, Husser O, Hadamitzky M, Hengstenberg C. Incidental findings in multislice computed tomography prior to transcatheter aortic valve implantation: frequency, clinical relevance and outcome. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2018; 34:985-992. [PMID: 29468355 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-018-1305-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multislice computed tomography (MSCT) has emerged as the mainstay in patients planned for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Incidental findings (IF) in MSCT are common. However, the exact incidence, clinical relevance and further consequences of IF are unclear and it is controversial whether IF adversely affect patients' outcome. We analyzed MSCT data of 1050 patients screened for TAVI between January 2011 and December 2014. Median follow-up of patients was 20 months. In total, 3194 IF were identified, which were classified into clinically non-relevant IF (2872, 90%) and clinically relevant IF (322, 10%). In 25% of patients (258/1050) at least one clinically relevant IF was present. Age (80 ± 7 vs. 80 ± 7 years; p = 0.198) and EuroSCORE II (3.6% [2.1-5.7] vs. 3.6% [2.1-5.9]; p = 0.874) was similar between patients with and without a clinically relevant IF. TAVI was performed less frequently in patients with a clinically relevant IF (76% vs. 85%; p < 0.001), with more patients receiving surgical aortic valve replacement in that group (14% vs. 11%; p = 0.042), possibly due to the high rate of incidental aneurysms of the ascending aorta (n = 48). If TAVI was performed mortality did not differ (30-days: 4% vs. 3%; p = 0.339, 1-year: 11% vs. 14%; p = 0.226) between patients with and without a clinically relevant IF. Our study is the largest study to analyze prevalence, clinical relevance and therapeutic consequences of IF during screening for TAVI. IF in pre-procedural MSCT are common and clinically relevant in one-quarter of patients. However, these findings had no impact on overall mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Trenkwalder
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Lahmann
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Magdalena Nowicka
- Institut für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Costanza Pellegrini
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tobias Rheude
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - N Patrick Mayr
- Institut für Anästhesiologie, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephanie Voss
- Klinik für Herz- und Gefäßchirurgie, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Bleiziffer
- Klinik für Herz- und Gefäßchirurgie, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Lange
- Klinik für Herz- und Gefäßchirurgie, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Joner
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Albert M Kasel
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Adnan Kastrati
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Oliver Husser
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Hadamitzky
- Institut für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. .,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz- und Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK) e.V. (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany. .,Klinische Abteilung für Kardiologie, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin II, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Austria.
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Abstract
Patients with inoperable, high-risk, and intermediate-risk aortic stenosis can now be treated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and the Food and Drug Administration selectively choose centers based on experience and require a collaborative, multidisciplinary team approach in the treatment and decision making for these patients. The work-up has been streamlined. Gated multislice computed tomography angiogram has emerged as the gold standard for assessment of valve anatomy and sizing of the transcatheter heart valve. Assessment of risk has evolved to include a more comprehensive functional and frailty evaluation. Long term-results are needed before the expansion of transcatheter aortic valve replacement into the low-risk category.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Braxton
- Structural Heart Services, Marshfield Clinic, Saint Joseph Hospital, 1000 North Oak Avenue, Section 2C2, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA.
| | - Kelly S Rasmussen
- Structural Heart Services, Department of Cardiology, Marshfield Clinic, Saint Joseph Hospital, 1000 North Oak Avenue, Section 2C2, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA
| | - Milind S Shah
- Structural Heart Services, Section of Cardiology, Marshfield Clinic, Saint Joseph Hospital, 1000 North Oak Avenue, Section 2C2, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA
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