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Cao X, Zhou X, Hou F, Huang YE, Yuan M, Long M, Chen S, Lei W, Zhu J, Chen J, Zhang T, Guo AY, Jiang W. ncRNADrug: a database for validated and predicted ncRNAs associated with drug resistance and targeted by drugs. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:D1393-D1399. [PMID: 37953323 PMCID: PMC10767907 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a major barrier in cancer treatment and anticancer drug development. Growing evidence indicates that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play pivotal roles in cancer progression, therapy, and drug resistance. Furthermore, ncRNAs have been proven to be promising novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. Reversing dysregulated ncRNAs by drugs holds significant potential as an effective therapeutic strategy for overcoming drug resistance. Therefore, we developed ncRNADrug, an integrated and comprehensive resource that records manually curated and computationally predicted ncRNAs associated with drug resistance, ncRNAs targeted by drugs, as well as potential drug combinations for the treatment of resistant cancer. Currently, ncRNADrug collects 29 551 experimentally validated entries involving 9195 ncRNAs (2248 miRNAs, 4145 lncRNAs and 2802 circRNAs) associated with the drug resistance of 266 drugs, and 32 969 entries involving 10 480 ncRNAs (4338 miRNAs, 6087 lncRNAs and 55 circRNAs) targeted by 965 drugs. In addition, ncRNADrug also contains associations between ncRNAs and drugs predicted from ncRNA expression profiles by differential expression analysis. Altogether, ncRNADrug surpasses the existing related databases in both data volume and functionality. It will be a useful resource for drug development and cancer treatment. ncRNADrug is available at http://www.jianglab.cn/ncRNADrug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Cao
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Fei Hou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Yu-e Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Mengqin Yuan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Min Long
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Sina Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Wanyue Lei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Jicun Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 211106, China
| | - An-Yuan Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Cancer, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
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2
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Eytan K, Versano Z, Oren R, Jacob-Hirsch J, Leitner M, Harmelin A, Rechavi G, Toren A, Paglin S, Yalon M. Pediatric glioblastoma cells are sensitive to drugs that inhibit eIF2α dephosphorylation and its phosphomimetic S51D variant. Front Oncol 2022; 12:959133. [PMID: 36091130 PMCID: PMC9462064 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.959133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We found that pediatric glioblastoma (PED-GBM) cell lines from diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) carrying the H3K27M mutation or from diffuse hemispheric glioma expressing the H3G34R mutation are sensitive to the combination of vorinostat (a histone deacetylase inhibitor) and PARP-1 inhibitors. The combined treatment increased the phosphorylation of eIF2α (P-eIF2α) relative to each drug alone and enhanced the decrease in cell survival. To explore the role played by increased P-eIF2α in modulating PED-GBM survival and response to treatments, we employed brain-penetrating inhibitors of P-eIF2α dephosphorylation: salubrinal and raphin-1. These drugs increased P-eIF2α, DNA damage, and cell death, similarly affecting the sensitivity of DIPG cells and derived neurospheres to PARP-1 inhibitors. Interestingly, these drugs also decreased the level of eIF2Bϵ (the catalytic subunit of eIF2B) and increased its phosphorylation, thereby enhancing the effect of increased P-eIF2α. Transient transfection with the S51D phosphomimetic eIF2α variant recapitulated the effect of salubrinal and raphin-1 on PED-GBM survival and sensitivity to PARP-1 inhibitors. Importantly, either salubrinal or raphin-1 dramatically increased the sensitivity of DIPG cells to radiation, the main treatment modality of PED-GBM. Finally, PED-GBM was more sensitive than normal human astrocytes to salubrinal, raphin-1, and the treatment combinations described herein. Our results indicate that combinations of histone deacetylase inhibitors and PARP-1 inhibitors should be evaluated for their toxicity and efficacy in PED-GBM patients and point to drugs that increase P-eIF2α or modulate its downstream effectors as a novel means of treating PED-GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Eytan
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children’s Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ziv Versano
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children’s Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Roni Oren
- Department of Veterinary Resources, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Jasmine Jacob-Hirsch
- Sheba Cancer Research Center (SCRC), Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Wohl Centre for Translational Medicine, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Moshe Leitner
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children’s Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Alon Harmelin
- Department of Veterinary Resources, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gideon Rechavi
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sheba Cancer Research Center (SCRC), Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Wohl Centre for Translational Medicine, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Amos Toren
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children’s Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shoshana Paglin
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children’s Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Michal Yalon
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children’s Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- *Correspondence: Michal Yalon,
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3
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Wang N, Yang Y, Jin D, Zhang Z, Shen K, Yang J, Chen H, Zhao X, Yang L, Lu H. PARP inhibitor resistance in breast and gynecological cancer: Resistance mechanisms and combination therapy strategies. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:967633. [PMID: 36091750 PMCID: PMC9455597 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.967633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer and gynecological tumors seriously endanger women’s physical and mental health, fertility, and quality of life. Due to standardized surgical treatment, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, the prognosis and overall survival of cancer patients have improved compared to earlier, but the management of advanced disease still faces great challenges. Recently, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPis) have been clinically approved for breast and gynecological cancer patients, significantly improving their quality of life, especially of patients with BRCA1/2 mutations. However, drug resistance faced by PARPi therapy has hindered its clinical promotion. Therefore, developing new drug strategies to resensitize cancers affecting women to PARPi therapy is the direction of our future research. Currently, the effects of PARPi in combination with other drugs to overcome drug resistance are being studied. In this article, we review the mechanisms of PARPi resistance and summarize the current combination of clinical trials that can improve its resistance, with a view to identify the best clinical treatment to save the lives of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Dongdong Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Endometrial Disease Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ke Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huanhuan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Endometrial Disease Prevention and Treatment, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li Yang, ; Huaiwu Lu,
| | - Huaiwu Lu
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Sun Yat Sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Li Yang, ; Huaiwu Lu,
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Safari M, Litman T, Robey RW, Aguilera A, Chakraborty AR, Reinhold WC, Basseville A, Petrukhin L, Scotto L, O'Connor OA, Pommier Y, Fojo AT, Bates SE. R-Loop-Mediated ssDNA Breaks Accumulate Following Short-Term Exposure to the HDAC Inhibitor Romidepsin. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:1361-1374. [PMID: 34050002 PMCID: PMC8974437 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) induce hyperacetylation of histones by blocking HDAC catalytic sites. Despite regulatory approvals in hematological malignancies, limited solid tumor clinical activity has constrained their potential, arguing for better understanding of mechanisms of action (MOA). Multiple activities of HDACis have been demonstrated, dependent on cell context, beyond the canonical induction of gene expression. Here, using a clinically relevant exposure duration, we established DNA damage as the dominant signature using the NCI-60 cell line database and then focused on the mechanism by which hyperacetylation induces DNA damage. We identified accumulation of DNA-RNA hybrids (R-loops) following romidepsin-induced histone hyperacetylation, with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) breaks detected by single-cell electrophoresis. Our data suggest that transcription-coupled base excision repair (BER) is involved in resolving ssDNA breaks that, when overwhelmed, evolve to lethal dsDNA breaks. We show that inhibition of BER proteins such as PARP will increase dsDNA breaks in this context. These studies establish accumulation of R-loops as a consequence of romidepsin-mediated histone hyperacetylation. We believe that the insights provided will inform design of more effective combination therapy with HDACis for treatment of solid tumors. IMPLICATIONS: Key HDAC inhibitor mechanisms of action remain unknown; we identify accumulation of DNA-RNA hybrids (R-loops) due to chromatin hyperacetylation that provokes single-stranded DNA damage as a first step toward cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Safari
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Robert W Robey
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Andrés Aguilera
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa, Universidad de Sevilla-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Seville, Spain
| | - Arup R Chakraborty
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - William C Reinhold
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Agnes Basseville
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
- Bioinfomics Unit, Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Lubov Petrukhin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Luigi Scotto
- Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Owen A O'Connor
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Yves Pommier
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Antonio T Fojo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Susan E Bates
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York.
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5
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Li H, An X, Zhang D, Li Q, Zhang N, Yu H, Li Z. Transcriptomics Analysis of the Tumor-Inhibitory Pathways of 6-Thioguanine in MCF-7 Cells via Silencing DNMT1 Activity. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:1211-1223. [PMID: 32103989 PMCID: PMC7023860 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s236543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 6-thioguanine (6-TG), as a conventional “ancient” drug for the treatment of acute leukemia, has been proved to have extensive anti-tumor roles. This study was created to investigate the hidden function of 6-TG on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line (ER+, PR+) and its mechanisms. Methods MCF-7 cells were treated with 6-TG, and the IC50 value was measured by a cell counting kit-8 assay. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were confirmed by RNA-seq analysis. Apoptosis and cell cycle consequences were determined by flow cytometry and Western blot analyses. Results The results showed that colony formation decreased markedly and the percentage of cell apoptosis increased after 6-TG treatment. DNMT1 mRNA and protein expression decreased, and FAS expression increased. Moreover, 6-TG also induced MCF-7 cells to undergo G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and upregulated CDKN1A (p21). Conclusion Overall, our results suggest that 6-TG may induce FAS-mediated exogenous apoptosis and p21-dependent G2/M arrest by inhibiting the activity of DNMT1 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinglan An
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Daoyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of Ministry of Education, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, People's Republic of China
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Monks A, Zhao Y, Hose C, Hamed H, Krushkal J, Fang J, Sonkin D, Palmisano A, Polley EC, Fogli LK, Konaté MM, Miller SB, Simpson MA, Voth AR, Li MC, Harris E, Wu X, Connelly JW, Rapisarda A, Teicher BA, Simon R, Doroshow JH. The NCI Transcriptional Pharmacodynamics Workbench: A Tool to Examine Dynamic Expression Profiling of Therapeutic Response in the NCI-60 Cell Line Panel. Cancer Res 2018; 78:6807-6817. [PMID: 30355619 PMCID: PMC6295263 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-0989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
: The intracellular effects and overall efficacies of anticancer therapies can vary significantly by tumor type. To identify patterns of drug-induced gene modulation that occur in different cancer cell types, we measured gene-expression changes across the NCI-60 cell line panel after exposure to 15 anticancer agents. The results were integrated into a combined database and set of interactive analysis tools, designated the NCI Transcriptional Pharmacodynamics Workbench (NCI TPW), that allows exploration of gene-expression modulation by molecular pathway, drug target, and association with drug sensitivity. We identified common transcriptional responses across agents and cell types and uncovered gene-expression changes associated with drug sensitivity. We also demonstrated the value of this tool for investigating clinically relevant molecular hypotheses and identifying candidate biomarkers of drug activity. The NCI TPW, publicly available at https://tpwb.nci.nih.gov, provides a comprehensive resource to facilitate understanding of tumor cell characteristics that define sensitivity to commonly used anticancer drugs. SIGNIFICANCE: The NCI Transcriptional Pharmacodynamics Workbench represents the most extensive compilation to date of directly measured longitudinal transcriptional responses to anticancer agents across a thoroughly characterized ensemble of cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Monks
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Yingdong Zhao
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Curtis Hose
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Hossein Hamed
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Julia Krushkal
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Jianwen Fang
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Dmitriy Sonkin
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Alida Palmisano
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Eric C Polley
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Laura K Fogli
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mariam M Konaté
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sarah B Miller
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Melanie A Simpson
- Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Andrea Regier Voth
- Applied/Developmental Research Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Ming-Chung Li
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Erik Harris
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - John W Connelly
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Annamaria Rapisarda
- Molecular Pharmacology Group, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the NCI, Frederick, Maryland
| | - Beverly A Teicher
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Richard Simon
- Biometric Research Program, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Rockville, Maryland
| | - James H Doroshow
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
- Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
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Versano Z, Shany E, Freedman S, Tuval-Kochen L, Leitner M, Paglin S, Toren A, Yalon M. MutT homolog 1 counteracts the effect of anti-neoplastic treatments in adult and pediatric glioblastoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:27547-27563. [PMID: 29938005 PMCID: PMC6007941 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, a fatal disease in both adult and pediatric patients, currently has limited treatment options that offer no more than temporary relief. Our experiments with adult and pediatric glioblastoma cell lines showed that radiation induces a dose-dependent increase in the level of MutT homolog 1 (MTH1) - an enzyme that hydrolyzes oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphates. Similarly, the combination of vorinostat, which is a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and ABT-888, which is a PARP-1 inhibitor, enhanced clonogenic death and increased the MTH1 level, relative to each treatment alone. This result suggests that the MTH1 level is directly related to the damage that is inflicted upon the cells, and its activity protects them against anti-neoplastic therapy. Indeed, the MTH1 inhibitor TH588 and MTH1 siRNA increased glioblastoma's response to both radiation and the combination of vorinostat and ABT-888. TH588 also inhibited glioblastoma's capacity for migration and invasion. In normal fibroblasts, low radiation doses and the combination of vorinostat and ABT-888 decreased the level of the enzyme. TH588 did not alter the fibroblasts’ response to radiation and only mildly affected their response to the combination of vorinostat and ABT-888. In summary, the inhibition of MTH1 is required to better realize the therapeutic potential of anti-neoplastic treatments in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziv Versano
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children's Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Eitan Shany
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children's Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Shany Freedman
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children's Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Liron Tuval-Kochen
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children's Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Moshe Leitner
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children's Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Shoshana Paglin
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children's Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
| | - Amos Toren
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children's Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Michal Yalon
- Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Edmond and Lilly Safra Children's Hospital and Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel.,The Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan 52621, Israel
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8
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Capoluongo E, Scambia G, Nabholtz JM. Main implications related to the switch to BRCA1/2 tumor testing in ovarian cancer patients: a proposal of a consensus. Oncotarget 2018. [PMID: 29731958 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24728]+[] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the approval of the first poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]) ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi; olaparib [Lynparza™]) for platinum-sensitive relapsed high grade ovarian cancer, with either germline or somatic BRCA1/2 deleterious variants, the strategies for BRCA1/2 are dynamically changing. Along with germline testing within the context of familial or sporadic ovarian cancer, patients are now being referred for BRCA1/2 genetic assay above all for treatment decisions: in this setting tumour BRCA assay can allow to identify an estimated 3-9% of patients with peculiar somatic BRCA1/2 mutations. These women could also benefit from PARPi therapy. This new type of approach is really challenging, in particular due to the technical and analytical difficulties regarding low quality DNA deriving from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens. AIM in this manuscript, we try to a) underline many issues related to BRCA1/2 analysis by next generation sequencing technologies (NGS), b) provide some responses to many questions regarding this new paradigm related to OvCa patients' management. Some considerations for incorporating genetic analysis of ovarian tumour samples into the patient pathway and ethical requirements are also provided. METHODS we used our retrospective data based on thousands of ovarian cancer women sequenced for BRCA1/2 genes. DISCUSSION tumor BRCA1/2 assay should be rapidly introduced in routine laboratory practice as first line testing by using harmonized pipelines based on consensus guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Capoluongo
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Diagnostics (DIMA), Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Fondazione Luigi Maria Monti, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Catholic University of The Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.,Molipharma Srl, a Spinoff of Catholic University, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Catholic University of The Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.,Molipharma Srl, a Spinoff of Catholic University, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Jean-Marc Nabholtz
- Cancer Research Oncology Centre, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, KSA
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9
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Capoluongo E, Scambia G, Nabholtz JM. Main implications related to the switch to BRCA1/2 tumor testing in ovarian cancer patients: a proposal of a consensus. Oncotarget 2018. [PMID: 29731958 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24728] [] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the approval of the first poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]) ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi; olaparib [Lynparza™]) for platinum-sensitive relapsed high grade ovarian cancer, with either germline or somatic BRCA1/2 deleterious variants, the strategies for BRCA1/2 are dynamically changing. Along with germline testing within the context of familial or sporadic ovarian cancer, patients are now being referred for BRCA1/2 genetic assay above all for treatment decisions: in this setting tumour BRCA assay can allow to identify an estimated 3-9% of patients with peculiar somatic BRCA1/2 mutations. These women could also benefit from PARPi therapy. This new type of approach is really challenging, in particular due to the technical and analytical difficulties regarding low quality DNA deriving from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens. Aim in this manuscript, we try to a) underline many issues related to BRCA1/2 analysis by next generation sequencing technologies (NGS), b) provide some responses to many questions regarding this new paradigm related to OvCa patients' management. Some considerations for incorporating genetic analysis of ovarian tumour samples into the patient pathway and ethical requirements are also provided. Methods we used our retrospective data based on thousands of ovarian cancer women sequenced for BRCA1/2 genes. Discussion tumor BRCA1/2 assay should be rapidly introduced in routine laboratory practice as first line testing by using harmonized pipelines based on consensus guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Capoluongo
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Diagnostics (DIMA), Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Fondazione Luigi Maria Monti, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Catholic University of The Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.,Molipharma Srl, a Spinoff of Catholic University, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Catholic University of The Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.,Molipharma Srl, a Spinoff of Catholic University, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Jean-Marc Nabholtz
- Cancer Research Oncology Centre, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, KSA
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10
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Capoluongo E, Scambia G, Nabholtz JM. Main implications related to the switch to BRCA1/2 tumor testing in ovarian cancer patients: a proposal of a consensus. Oncotarget 2018; 9:19463-19468. [PMID: 29731958 PMCID: PMC5929401 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since the approval of the first poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]) ribose polymerase inhibitor (PARPi; olaparib [Lynparza™]) for platinum-sensitive relapsed high grade ovarian cancer, with either germline or somatic BRCA1/2 deleterious variants, the strategies for BRCA1/2 are dynamically changing. Along with germline testing within the context of familial or sporadic ovarian cancer, patients are now being referred for BRCA1/2 genetic assay above all for treatment decisions: in this setting tumour BRCA assay can allow to identify an estimated 3–9% of patients with peculiar somatic BRCA1/2 mutations. These women could also benefit from PARPi therapy. This new type of approach is really challenging, in particular due to the technical and analytical difficulties regarding low quality DNA deriving from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens. Aim in this manuscript, we try to a) underline many issues related to BRCA1/2 analysis by next generation sequencing technologies (NGS), b) provide some responses to many questions regarding this new paradigm related to OvCa patients’ management. Some considerations for incorporating genetic analysis of ovarian tumour samples into the patient pathway and ethical requirements are also provided. Methods we used our retrospective data based on thousands of ovarian cancer women sequenced for BRCA1/2 genes. Discussion tumor BRCA1/2 assay should be rapidly introduced in routine laboratory practice as first line testing by using harmonized pipelines based on consensus guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Capoluongo
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Diagnostics (DIMA), Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Fondazione Luigi Maria Monti, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Catholic University of The Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.,Molipharma Srl, a Spinoff of Catholic University, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Catholic University of The Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.,Molipharma Srl, a Spinoff of Catholic University, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Jean-Marc Nabholtz
- Cancer Research Oncology Centre, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, KSA
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11
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Dasa SSK, Diakova G, Suzuki R, Mills AM, Gutknecht MF, Klibanov AL, Slack-Davis JK, Kelly KA. Plectin-targeted liposomes enhance the therapeutic efficacy of a PARP inhibitor in the treatment of ovarian cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:2782-2798. [PMID: 29774075 PMCID: PMC5957009 DOI: 10.7150/thno.23050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in genomics and proteomics drive precision medicine by providing actionable genetic alterations and molecularly targeted therapies, respectively. While genomic analysis and medicinal chemistry have advanced patient stratification with treatments tailored to the genetic profile of a patient's tumor, proteomic targeting has the potential to enhance the therapeutic index of drugs like poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. PARP inhibitors in breast and ovarian cancer patients with BRCA1/2 mutations have shown promise. About 10% of the patients who received Olaparib (PARP inhibitor) showed adverse side effects including neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and in some cases resulted in myelodysplastic syndrome, indicating that off-target effects were substantial in these patients. Through proteomic analysis, our lab previously identified plectin, a cytolinker protein that mislocalized onto the cell surface during malignant transformation of healthy ovarian tissue. This cancer specific phenotype allowed us to image pancreatic cancer successfully using plectin targeted peptide (PTP) conjugated to nanoparticles or displayed on capsid protein of adeno-associated virus (AAV) particles. Objective: The goal of this study was to integrate the available pharmacogenomics and proteomic data to develop effective anti-tumor therapies using a targeted drug delivery approach. Methods: Plectin expression and localization in human ovarian tumor specimens were analyzed followed by in vitro confirmation of cell surface plectin localization in healthy and ovarian cancer cell lines. PTP-conjugated liposomes were prepared and their specificity for plectin+ cells was determined in vitro and in vivo. A remote loading method was employed to encapsulate a PARP inhibitor (AZ7379) into liposomes. An ideal buffer exchange method and remote loading conditions were determined based on the amount of lipid and drug recovered at the end of a remote loading process. Finally, in vivo tumor growth studies were performed to determine the efficacy of PTP liposomes in preventing PARP activity in mice bearing OVCAR8 (high grade epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC)) tumors. Results: PTP liposomal AZ7379 delivery not only enhanced PARP inhibition but also resulted in decelerated tumor growth in mice bearing subcutaneous and intraperitoneal OVCAR8 tumors. In mice bearing subcutaneous or intraperitoneal tumors, treatment with PTP liposomes resulted in a 3- and 1.7-fold decrease in tumor volume, respectively, compared to systemic drug treatment. Conclusion: Targeted drug delivery assisted by genomic and proteomic data provides an adaptable model system that can be extended to effectively treat other cancers and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Sai Krishna Dasa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Cancer center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,✉ Corresponding author: Siva Sai Krishna Dasa, Ph.D. Instructor, 415 Lane Road, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States. 22908. , phone: 434-243-9434
| | - Galina Diakova
- Cancer center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Anne M. Mills
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Michael F. Gutknecht
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Cancer center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Alexander L. Klibanov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jill K. Slack-Davis
- Department of Microbiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kimberly A. Kelly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.,Cancer center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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12
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Lombardi VRM, Carrera I, Cacabelos R. In vitro and in vivo cytotoxic effect of AntiGan against tumor cells. Exp Ther Med 2017; 15:2547-2556. [PMID: 29467852 PMCID: PMC5792761 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel effective chemopreventive agents against cancer are required to improve current therapeutic rates. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-carcinogenesis effect of AntiGan, an extract obtained from the European conger eel, Conger conger, in vitro (human tumor cell lines) and in vivo (murine model of colitis) models. The potential apoptogenic activity after 24 h of incubation with 10, 25 and 50 µl/ml AntiGan was reported using growth inhibition and apoptosis activity assays. In vivo studies were performed in mice by inducing colitis with oral administration of 2% dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) for 5 weeks. Apoptosis was observed in HL-60, Hs 313.T, SW-480, Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines. The highest level of growth inhibition was observed in Caco-2 (66, 75.8 and 88.1%), HT-29 (56, 73 and 87.6%) and SW-480 (38.5, 61.6, 78.6%) for AntiGan doses of 10, 25 and 50 µl/ml, respectively, compared to untreated cells, while the results of the expression of genes associated with apoptosis indicated a downregulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) in all cell lines studied. In vivo, morphopathological alterations in the colon were analyzed by immunohistochemical and staining methods. Tumoral markers, including β-catenin, cyclooxygenase 2 and Bcl-2 were expressed in cryptal cells of the dysplastic colonic mucosa, whereas the levels of interferon-γ expression were also increased when no treatment was applied. In the experimental murine model, the optimal concentration of AntiGan for an effective dose-response was 10% in diet. These results suggested that AntiGan displays a powerful anti-inflammatory effect in DSS-induced colitis, acting as a chemopreventive agent against colon carcinogenesis, most likely due to its apoptogenic peptides that contribute to the induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valter R M Lombardi
- Department of Health Biotechnology, EuroEspes Biotechnology, 15165 Corunna, Spain
| | - Iván Carrera
- Department of Health Biotechnology, EuroEspes Biotechnology, 15165 Corunna, Spain
| | - Ramón Cacabelos
- EuroEspes Biomedical Research Center, Institute for CNS Disorders and Genomic Medicine, 15165 Corunna, Spain
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13
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Gornstein EL, Sandefur S, Chung JH, Gay LM, Holmes O, Erlich RL, Soman S, Martin LK, Rose AV, Stephens PJ, Ross JS, Miller VA, Ali SM, Blau S. BRCA2 Reversion Mutation Associated With Acquired Resistance to Olaparib in Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer Detected by Genomic Profiling of Tissue and Liquid Biopsy. Clin Breast Cancer 2017; 18:184-188. [PMID: 29325860 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Salil Soman
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sibel Blau
- Northwest Medical Specialties, Puyallup, WA
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14
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Nickoloff JA, Boss MK, Allen CP, LaRue SM. Translational research in radiation-induced DNA damage signaling and repair. Transl Cancer Res 2017; 6:S875-S891. [PMID: 30574452 PMCID: PMC6298755 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2017.06.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an effective tool in the fight against cancer. It is non-invasive and painless, and with advanced tumor imaging and beam control systems, radiation can be delivered to patients safely, generally with minor or no adverse side effects, accounting for its increasing use against a broad range of tumors. Tumors and normal cells respond to radiation-induced DNA damage by activating a complex network of DNA damage signaling and repair pathways that determine cell fate including survival, death, and genome stability. DNA damage response (DDR) proteins represent excellent targets to augment radiotherapy, and many agents that inhibit key response proteins are being combined with radiation and genotoxic chemotherapy in clinical trials. This review focuses on how insights into molecular mechanisms of DDR pathways are translated to small animal preclinical studies, to clinical studies of naturally occurring tumors in companion animals, and finally to human clinical trials. Companion animal studies, under the umbrella of comparative oncology, have played key roles in the development of clinical radiotherapy throughout its >100-year history. There is growing appreciation that rapid translation of basic knowledge of DNA damage and repair systems to improved radiotherapy practice requires a comprehensive approach that embraces the full spectrum of cancer research, with companion animal clinical trials representing a critical bridge between small animal preclinical studies, and human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jac A Nickoloff
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Mary-Keara Boss
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Christopher P Allen
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Susan M LaRue
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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15
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Rajawat J, Shukla N, Mishra DP. Therapeutic Targeting of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 (PARP1) in Cancer: Current Developments, Therapeutic Strategies, and Future Opportunities. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:1461-1491. [PMID: 28510338 DOI: 10.1002/med.21442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) plays a central role in numerous cellular processes including DNA repair, replication, and transcription. PARP interacts directly, indirectly or via PARylation with various oncogenic proteins and regulates several transcription factors thereby modulating carcinogenesis. Therapeutic inhibition of PARP is therefore perceived as a promising anticancer strategy and a number of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are currently under development and clinical evaluation. PARPi inhibit the DNA repair pathway and thus form the concept of synthetic lethality in cancer therapeutics. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown the potential of PARPi as chemopotentiator, radiosensitizer, or as adjuvant therapeutic agents. Recent studies have shown that PARP-1 could be either oncogenic or tumor suppressive in different cancers. PARP inhibitor resistance is also a growing concern in the clinical setting. Recently, changes in the levels of PARP-1 activity or expression in cancer patients have provided the basis for consideration of PARP-1 regulatory proteins as potential biomarkers. This review focuses on the current developments related to the role of PARP in cancer progression, therapeutic strategies targeting PARP-associated oncogenic signaling, and future opportunities in use of PARPi in anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotika Rajawat
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Nidhi Shukla
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
| | - Durga Prasad Mishra
- Cell Death Research Laboratory, Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B.S. 10/1, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226031, India
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16
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Kim Y, Kim A, Sharip A, Sharip A, Jiang J, Yang Q, Xie Y. Reverse the Resistance to PARP Inhibitors. Int J Biol Sci 2017; 13:198-208. [PMID: 28255272 PMCID: PMC5332874 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.17240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the DNA repair machineries is activated by Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) enzyme. Particularly, this enzyme is involved in repair of damages to single-strand DNA, thus decreasing the chances of generating double-strand breaks in the genome. Therefore, the concept to block PARP enzymes by PARP inhibitor (PARPi) was appreciated in cancer treatment. PARPi has been designed and tested for many years and became a potential supplement for the conventional chemotherapy. However, increasing evidence indicates the appearance of the resistance to this treatment. Specifically, cancer cells may acquire new mutations or events that overcome the positive effect of these drugs. This paper describes several molecular mechanisms of PARPi resistance which were reported most recently, and summarizes some strategies to reverse this type of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgeniy Kim
- Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Aleksei Kim
- Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Ainur Sharip
- Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Aigul Sharip
- Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Juhong Jiang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Yingqiu Xie
- Department of Biology, Nazarbayev University, School of Science and Technology, Astana, 010000, Republic of Kazakhstan
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17
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Delivering widespread BRCA testing and PARP inhibition to patients with ovarian cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2016; 14:284-296. [PMID: 27958297 DOI: 10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of patients with ovarian cancer is rapidly changing following the success of poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in clinical trials. Olaparib is the first PARP inhibitor to be approved by the EMA and FDA for BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer. Germ line BRCA mutation status is now established as a predictive biomarker of potential benefit from treatment with a PARP inhibitor; therefore, knowledge of the BRCA status of an individual patient with ovarian cancer is essential, in order to guide treatment decisions. BRCA testing was previously offered only to women with a family or personal history of breast and/or ovarian cancer; however, almost 20% of women with high-grade serous ovarian cancer are now recognized to harbour a germ line BRCA mutation, and of these, >40% might not have a family history of cancer and would not have received BRCA testing. A strategy to enable more widespread implementation of BRCA testing in routine care is, therefore, necessary. In this Review, we summarize data from key clinical trials of PARP inhibitors and discuss how to integrate these agents into the current treatment landscape of ovarian cancer. The validity of germ line BRCA testing and other promising biomarkers of homologous-recombination deficiency will also be discussed.
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18
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Correction: Overcoming Resistance of Cancer Cells to PARP-1 Inhibitors with Three Different Drug Combinations. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161799. [PMID: 27548061 PMCID: PMC4993487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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