1
|
Bertola LV, Hoskin CJ, Jones DB, Zenger KR, McKnight DT, Higgie M. The first linkage map for Australo-Papuan Treefrogs (family: Pelodryadidae) reveals the sex-determination system of the Green-eyed Treefrog (Litoria serrata). Heredity (Edinb) 2023; 131:263-272. [PMID: 37542195 PMCID: PMC10539516 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-023-00642-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphibians represent a useful taxon to study the evolution of sex determination because of their highly variable sex-determination systems. However, the sex-determination system for many amphibian families remains unknown, in part because of a lack of genomic resources. Here, using an F1 family of Green-eyed Treefrogs (Litoria serrata), we produce the first genetic linkage map for any Australo-Papuan Treefrogs (family: Pelodryadidae). The resulting linkage map contains 8662 SNPs across 13 linkage groups. Using an independent set of sexed adults, we identify a small region in linkage group 6 matching an XY sex-determination system. These results suggest Litoria serrata possesses a male heterogametic system, with a candidate sex-determination locus on linkage group 6. Furthermore, this linkage map represents the first genomic resource for Australo-Papuan Treefrogs, an ecologically diverse family of over 220 species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo V Bertola
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia.
| | - Conrad J Hoskin
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - David B Jones
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Kyall R Zenger
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| | - Donald T McKnight
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Department of Environment and Genetics, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, West Wodonga, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, 3690, Australia
| | - Megan Higgie
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
- Centre for Tropical Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, 4811, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Targueta CP, Gatto KP, Vittorazzi SE, Recco-Pimentel SM, Lourenço LB. High diversity of 5S ribosomal DNA and evidence of recombination with the satellite DNA PcP190 in frogs. Gene 2022; 851:147015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.147015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
3
|
Gatto KP, Timoshevskaya N, Smith JJ, Lourenço LB. Sequencing of laser captured Z and W chromosomes of the tocantins paradoxical frog (Pseudis tocantins) provides insights on repeatome and chromosomal homology. J Evol Biol 2022; 35:1659-1674. [PMID: 35642451 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.14027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pseudis tocantins is the only frog species of the hylid genus Pseudis that possesses highly heteromorphic sex chromosomes. Z and W chromosomes of Ps. tocantins differ in size, morphology, position of the nucleolar organizer region (NOR) and the amount and distribution of heterochromatin. A chromosomal inversion and heterochromatin amplification on the W chromosome were previously inferred to be involved in the evolution of this sex chromosome pair. Despite these findings, knowledge related to the molecular composition of the large heterochromatic band of this W chromosome is restricted to the PcP190 satellite DNA, and no data are available regarding the gene content of either the W or the Z chromosome of Ps. tocantins. Here, we sequenced microdissected Z and W chromosomes of this species to further resolve their molecular composition. Comparative genomic analysis suggests that Ps. tocantins sex chromosomes are likely homologous to chromosomes 4 and 10 of Xenopus tropicalis. Analyses of the repetitive DNA landscape in the Z and W assemblies allowed for the identification of several transposable elements and putative satellite DNA sequences. Finally, some transposable elements from the W assembly were found to be highly diverse and divergent from elements found elsewhere in the genome, suggesting a rapid amplification of these elements on the W chromosome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaleb Pretto Gatto
- Laboratory of Chromosome Studies, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,Laboratory of Herpetology and Aquaculture Center, Department of Zoology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University, Rio Claro, Brazil
| | - Nataliya Timoshevskaya
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jeramiah J Smith
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Luciana Bolsoni Lourenço
- Laboratory of Chromosome Studies, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
FERRO JUANM, TAFFAREL ALBERTO, TOMATIS CRISTIAN, BORTEIRO CLAUDIO, KOLENC FRANCISCO, GATTO KALEBP, LOURENÇO LUCIANAB, BALDO DIEGO. Cytogenetics of four foam-nesting frog species of the Physalaemus gracilis group (Anura, Leptodactylidae). AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20200092. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220200092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - KALEB P. GATTO
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brazil; Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Silva MJDA, Santos MD, Gazoni T, Cholak LR, Haddad CFB, Parise-Maltempi PP. Cytogenetic approaches provide evidence of a conserved diploid number and cytological differences between Proceratophrys species (Anura: Odontophrynidae). AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20201650. [PMID: 34586322 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120201650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Taxonomic and cytogenetic aspects of Proceratophrys have not been thoroughly clarified in the literature; thus, the objective of the present study was to provide unprecedent karyotype data regarding P. schirchi, P. laticeps and P. melanopogon. Additionally, the karyotype of P. boiei (2n = 22) and its ZZ / ZW sex chromosome system was analyzed for different populations of southeastern and southern Brazil. All Proceratophrys species have a diploid number of 2n = 22 chromosomes. In P. schirchi, a strong C-band was found in the long arm in one of the homologues of the pair 8 in female metaphasic cells, denoting that this chromosome pair could represent the heteromorphic sex chromosome in a ZZ / ZW sex system. Despite the conserved number of chromosomes, there are considerable chromosomal differences in P. melanopogon and P. boiei (southern Brazil), strongly differentiating them cytogenetically from other species of the genus. Moreover, with the confirmation of chromosomal heteromorphism related to sexual differentiation in P. boiei and the possible description of this system in P. schirchi, the Proceratophrys genus can be regarded as an interesting group for evolutionary studies and sex chromosome differentiation in anurans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo João DA Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Avenida 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Murilo D Santos
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Avenida 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago Gazoni
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Avenida 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiza R Cholak
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Avenida 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Célio Fernando B Haddad
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Biodiversidade e Centro de Aquicultura, Instituto de Biociências, Avenida 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-906 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia P Parise-Maltempi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Biologia Geral e Aplicada, Instituto de Biociências, Avenida 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ma WJ, Veltsos P. The Diversity and Evolution of Sex Chromosomes in Frogs. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:483. [PMID: 33810524 PMCID: PMC8067296 DOI: 10.3390/genes12040483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Frogs are ideal organisms for studying sex chromosome evolution because of their diversity in sex chromosome differentiation and sex-determination systems. We review 222 anuran frogs, spanning ~220 Myr of divergence, with characterized sex chromosomes, and discuss their evolution, phylogenetic distribution and transitions between homomorphic and heteromorphic states, as well as between sex-determination systems. Most (~75%) anurans have homomorphic sex chromosomes, with XY systems being three times more common than ZW systems. Most remaining anurans (~25%) have heteromorphic sex chromosomes, with XY and ZW systems almost equally represented. There are Y-autosome fusions in 11 species, and no W-/Z-/X-autosome fusions are known. The phylogeny represents at least 19 transitions between sex-determination systems and at least 16 cases of independent evolution of heteromorphic sex chromosomes from homomorphy, the likely ancestral state. Five lineages mostly have heteromorphic sex chromosomes, which might have evolved due to demographic and sexual selection attributes of those lineages. Males do not recombine over most of their genome, regardless of which is the heterogametic sex. Nevertheless, telomere-restricted recombination between ZW chromosomes has evolved at least once. More comparative genomic studies are needed to understand the evolutionary trajectories of sex chromosomes among frog lineages, especially in the ZW systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Ma
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Paris Veltsos
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bueno GDP, Gatto KP, Gazolla CB, Leivas PT, Struett MM, Moura M, Bruschi DP. Cytogenetic characterization and mapping of the repetitive DNAs in Cycloramphus bolitoglossus (Werner, 1897): More clues for the chromosome evolution in the genus Cycloramphus (Anura, Cycloramphidae). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245128. [PMID: 33439901 PMCID: PMC7806164 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cycloramphus bolitoglossus (Werner, 1897) is a rare species with a low population density in the Serra do Mar region of Paraná and Santa Catarina, in southern Brazil. Currently, it has been assigned to the Near Threatened (NT) category in the Brazilian List of Endangered Animal Species. Here, we described the karyotype of this species for the first time and investigated the patterns of some repetitive DNA classes in the chromosomes using molecular cytogenetic approaches. We isolated, sequenced and mapped the 5S rDNA and the satellite DNA PcP190 of C. bolitoglossus, as well as mapped the telomeric sequences and seven microsatellites motifies [(GA)15, (CA)15, (GACA)4, (GATA)8, (CAG)10, (CGC)10, and (GAA)]10. Cycloramphus bolitoglossus has 2n = 26 chromosomes and a fundamental number (FN) equal to 52, with a highly conserved karyotype compared to other genus members. Comparative cytogenetic under the phylogenetic context of genus allowed evolutionary interpretations of the morphological changes in the homologs of pairs 1, 3, and 6 along with the evolutionary history of Cycloramphus. Two subtypes of 5S rDNA type II were isolated in C. bolitoglossus genome, and several comparative analysis suggests mixed effects of concerted and birth-and-death evolution acting in this repetitive DNA. The 5S rDNA II subtype "a" and "b" was mapped on chromosome 1. However, their different position along chromosome 1 provide an excellent chromosome marker for future studies. PcP190 satellite DNA, already reported for species of the families Hylidae, Hylodidae, Leptodactylidae, and Odontophrynidae, is scattered throughout the C. bolitoglossus genome, and even non-heterochromatic regions showed hybridization signals using the PcP190 probe. Molecular analysis suggests that PcP190 satellite DNA exhibit a high-level of homogenization of this sequence in the genome of C. bolitoglossus. The PcP190 satDNA from C. bolitoglossus represents a novel sequence group, compared to other anurans, based on its hypervariable region. Overall, the present data on repetitive DNA sequences showed pseudogenization evidence and corroborated the hypothesis of the emergence of satDNA from rDNA 5S clusters. These two arguments that reinforced the importance of the birth-and-death evolutionary model to explain 5S rDNA patterns found in anuran genomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gislayne de Paula Bueno
- Departamento de Genética, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Kaleb Pretto Gatto
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Centro de Aquicultura, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, (UNESP), Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camilla Borges Gazolla
- Departamento de Genética, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Peterson T. Leivas
- Curso de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Positivo (UP), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Michelle M. Struett
- Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maurício Moura
- Departamento de Zoologia, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pacheco Bruschi
- Departamento de Genética, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Targueta CP, Krylov V, Nondilo TE, Lima J, Lourenço LB. Sex chromosome evolution in frogs-helpful insights from chromosome painting in the genus Engystomops. Heredity (Edinb) 2020; 126:396-409. [PMID: 33184505 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-020-00385-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The differentiation of sex chromosomes is thought to be interrupted by relatively frequent sex chromosome turnover and/or occasional recombination between sex chromosomes (fountain-of-youth model) in some vertebrate groups as fishes, amphibians, and lizards. As a result, we observe the prevalence of homomorphic sex chromosomes in these groups. Here, we provide evidence for the loss of sex chromosome heteromorphism in the Amazonian frogs of the genus Engystomops, which harbors an intriguing history of sex chromosome evolution. In this species complex composed of two named species, two confirmed unnamed species, and up to three unconfirmed species, highly divergent karyotypes are present, and heteromorphic X and Y chromosomes were previously found in two species. We describe the karyotype of a lineage estimated to be the sister of all remaining Amazonian Engystomops (named Engystomops sp.) and perform chromosome painting techniques using one probe for the Y chromosome and one probe for the non-centromeric heterochromatic bands of the X chromosome of E. freibergi to compare three Engystomops karyotypes. The Y probe detected the Y chromosomes of E. freibergi and E. petersi and one homolog of chromosome pair 11 of Engystomops sp., suggesting their common evolutionary origin. The X probe showed no interspecific hybridization, revealing that X chromosome heterochromatin is strongly divergent among the studied species. In the light of the phylogenetic relationships, our data suggest that sex chromosome heteromorphism may have occurred early in the evolution of the Amazonian Engystomops and have been lost in two unnamed but confirmed candidate species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia P Targueta
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-863, Brazil.,Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, 74960-000, Brazil
| | - Vladimir Krylov
- Faculty of Science, Department of Cell Biology, Charles University, Vinicna 7, Prague 2, 128 44, Czech Republic
| | - Tobias E Nondilo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-863, Brazil
| | - Jucivaldo Lima
- Institute of Scientific and Technological Research of Amapá-IEPA, Nucleus of Biodiversity (NUBIO); Rodovia Juscelino Kubitschek, s/n, Distrito da Fazendinha, Macapá, Amapá, Brazil
| | - Luciana B Lourenço
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-863, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Meiotic analyses show adaptations to maintenance of fertility in X1Y1X2Y2X3Y3X4Y4X5Y5 system of amazon frog Leptodactylus pentadactylus (Laurenti, 1768). Sci Rep 2020; 10:16327. [PMID: 33004883 PMCID: PMC7529792 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72867-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous chromosomal rearrangements can result in failures during the meiotic cycle and the apoptosis of germline, making carrier individuals infertile. The Amazon frog Leptodactylus pentadactylus has a meiotic multivalent, composed of 12 sex chromosomes. The mechanisms by which this multi-chromosome system maintains fertility in males of this species remain undetermined. In this study we investigated the meiotic behavior of this multivalent to understand how synapse, recombination and epigenetic modifications contribute to maintaining fertility and chromosomal sexual determination in this species. Our sample had 2n = 22, with a ring formed by ten chromosomes in meiosis, indicating a new system of sex determination for this species (X1Y1X2Y2X3Y3X4Y4X5Y5). Synapsis occurs in the homologous terminal portion of the chromosomes, while part of the heterologous interstitial regions performed synaptic adjustment. The multivalent center remains asynaptic until the end of pachytene, with interlocks, gaps and rich-chromatin in histone H2A phosphorylation at serine 139 (γH2AX), suggesting transcriptional silence. In late pachytene, paired regions show repair of double strand-breaks (DSBs) with RAD51 homolog 1 (Rad51). These findings suggest that Rad51 persistence creates positive feedback at the pachytene checkpoint, allowing meiosis I to progress normally. Additionally, histone H3 trimethylation at lysine 27 in the pericentromeric heterochromatin of this anuran can suppress recombination in this region, preventing failed chromosomal segregation. Taken together, these results indicate that these meiotic adaptations are required for maintenance of fertility in L. pentadactylus.
Collapse
|
10
|
Gatto KP, Seger KR, Garcia PCDA, Lourenço LB. Satellite DNA Mapping in Pseudis fusca (Hylidae, Pseudinae) Provides New Insights into Sex Chromosome Evolution in Paradoxical Frogs. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E160. [PMID: 30791490 PMCID: PMC6410007 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In the frog genus Pseudis, previous works found a sex-linked heteromorphism of the PcP190 satellite DNA in the nucleolus organizer region (NOR)-bearing chromosome pairs of Pseudis bolbodactyla and Pseudis tocantins, which possess a ZZ/ZW sex determination system. A pericentromeric inversion was inferred to have occurred during W chromosome evolution, moving a chromosomal cluster enriched by the PcP190 from the short arm (as observed in P. bolbodactyla) to the NOR-bearing long arm (as observed in P. tocantins). However, whether such an inversion happened in P. tocantins or in the common ancestor of Pseudis fusca and P. tocantins remained unclear. To assess this question, we mapped PcP190 in the karyotype of P. fusca from three distinct localities. Southern blotting was used to compare males and females. The mitochondrial H1 fragment (which contains the 12S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), tRNAval, and 16S rRNA genes) and cytochrome b gene were partially sequenced, and a species tree was inferred to guide our analysis. Pseudis fusca specimens were placed together as the sister group of P. tocantins, but based on genetic distance, one of the analyzed populations is probably an undescribed species. A cluster of PcP190, located in the long arm of chromosome 7, is sex linked in this putative new species but not in the remaining P. fusca. We could infer that the pericentromeric inversion that moved the PcP190 site to the NOR-bearing chromosome arm (long arm) occurred in the common ancestor of P. fusca, the putative undescribed species, and P. tocantins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaleb Pretto Gatto
- Laboratory of Chromosome Studies, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-863, SP, Brazil.
| | - Karin Regina Seger
- Laboratory of Chromosome Studies, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-863, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Luciana Bolsoni Lourenço
- Laboratory of Chromosome Studies, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-863, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gatto KP, Mattos JV, Seger KR, Lourenço LB. Sex Chromosome Differentiation in the Frog Genus Pseudis Involves Satellite DNA and Chromosome Rearrangements. Front Genet 2018; 9:301. [PMID: 30147705 PMCID: PMC6096759 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Pseudis comprises six frogs of the family Hylidae and only P. tocantins had heteromorphic sex chromosomes detected by classical cytogenetics. In this species, the W chromosome is larger than the Z chromosome and has a large heterochromatic block located between the centromere and the nucleolus organizer region (NOR) in the long arm. This large heterochromatic band is enriched for the PcP190 satellite DNA (satDNA), whereas the Z chromosome bears a smaller C-band adjacent to the centromere in the long arm that is not detected by PcP190 probes. To assess sex chromosome differentiation in the genus Pseudis, we investigated the PcP190 satDNA in P. bolbodactyla, P. cardosoi, P. minuta, and P. paradoxa and in one species of Lysapsus, which is the sister genus of Pseudis. PcP190 sequences were isolated, sequenced, and the diversity of this class of satDNA was analyzed. To evaluate whether sex-related variations in PcP190 satDNA were present, we used in situ hybridization (for P. bolbodactyla, P. paradoxa, P. cardosoi, and P. minuta) and Southern blotting analysis (for all species). We found a low level of sex chromosome heteromorphism in P. bolbodactyla, as a PcP190 cluster was detected in the short arm of one of the homologs of pair 7 exclusively in females. In P. paradoxa, P. minuta, and P. cardosoi, PcP190 satDNA is not sex-related, although a cluster of PcP190 sequences could be recognized in the NOR-bearing chromosomes 7 of P. paradoxa and P. minuta and their homologous chromosome 5 of P. cardosoi. By tracking cytogenetic data in a species tree, we may hypothesize that the positioning of the PcP190 site adjacently to the NOR (as observed in the long arm of the W chromosome of P. tocantins) is a derived condition with respect to the location of the PcP190 site apart from the NOR, in the short arm of the NOR-bearing chromosomes 7 (as present in P. bolbodactyla, P. paradoxa, and P. minuta) or 5 (as present in P. cardosoi) and we discuss about the emergence of PcP190 satDNA as a sex-related trait.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaleb P Gatto
- Laboratory of Chromosome Studies, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - João V Mattos
- Laboratory of Chromosome Studies, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Karin R Seger
- Laboratory of Chromosome Studies, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Luciana B Lourenço
- Laboratory of Chromosome Studies, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gatto KP, Smith JJ, Lourenço LB. The mitochondrial genome of the endemic Brazilian paradoxical frog Pseudis tocantins (Hylidae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2018; 3:1106-1107. [PMID: 33474435 PMCID: PMC7799912 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1508385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we present for the first time the mitochondrial genome of a paradoxical frog (Pseudis tocantins). This genome is 15.56 kb, excluding the control region, and is similar in gene content to other hylid mitogenomes. Maximum likelihood analysis, using the mitogenomes of several anurans, indicated P. tocantins as closely related to other hylid species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaleb Pretto Gatto
- Laboratory of Chromosome Studies, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jeramiah J. Smith
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Luciana Bolsoni Lourenço
- Laboratory of Chromosome Studies, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Uncovering the molecular organization of unusual highly scattered 5S rDNA: The case of Chariesterus armatus (Heteroptera). Gene 2018; 646:153-158. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
14
|
Ferro JM, Cardozo DE, Suárez P, Boeris JM, Blasco-Zúñiga A, Barbero G, Gomes A, Gazoni T, Costa W, Nagamachi CY, Rivera M, Parise-Maltempi PP, Wiley JE, Pieczarka JC, Haddad CFB, Faivovich J, Baldo D. Chromosome evolution in Cophomantini (Amphibia, Anura, Hylinae). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192861. [PMID: 29444174 PMCID: PMC5812657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The hylid tribe Cophomantini is a diverse clade of Neotropical treefrogs composed of the genera Aplastodiscus, Boana, Bokermannohyla, Hyloscirtus, and Myersiohyla. The phylogenetic relationships of Cophomantini have been comprehensively reviewed in the literature, providing a suitable framework for the study of chromosome evolution. Employing different banding techniques, we studied the chromosomes of 25 species of Boana and 3 of Hyloscirtus; thus providing, for the first time, data for Hyloscirtus and for 15 species of Boana. Most species showed karyotypes with 2n = 2x = 24 chromosomes; some species of the B. albopunctata group have 2n = 2x = 22, and H. alytolylax has 2n = 2x = 20. Karyotypes are all bi-armed in most species presented, with the exception of H. larinopygion (FN = 46) and H. alytolylax (FN = 38), with karyotypes that have a single pair of small telocentric chromosomes. In most species of Boana, NORs are observed in a single pair of chromosomes, mostly in the small chromosomes, although in some species of the B. albopunctata, B. pulchella, and B. semilineata groups, this marker occurs on the larger pairs 8, 1, and 7, respectively. In Hyloscirtus, NOR position differs in the three studied species: H. alytolylax (4p), H. palmeri (4q), and H. larinopygion (1p). Heterochromatin is a variable marker that could provide valuable evidence, but it would be necesserary to understand the molecular composition of the C-bands that are observed in different species in order to test its putative homology. In H. alytolylax, a centromeric DAPI+ band was observed on one homologue of chromosome pair 2. The band was present in males but absent in females, providing evidence for an XX/XY sex determining system in this species. We review and discuss the importance of the different chromosome markers (NOR position, C-bands, and DAPI/CMA3 patterns) for their impact on the taxonomy and karyotype evolution in Cophomantini.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Ferro
- Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Dario E. Cardozo
- Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Pablo Suárez
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Juan M. Boeris
- Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Ailin Blasco-Zúñiga
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Citogenética y Biomoléculas de Anfibios (LICBA), Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina (CISeAL), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Gastón Barbero
- Centro de Estudios Biomédicos, Biotecnológicos, Ambientales y Diagnóstico, Universidad Maimónides, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anderson Gomes
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, Abaetetuba, Pará, Brazil
| | - Thiago Gazoni
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus de Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - William Costa
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP – Univ. Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil
| | - Cleusa Y. Nagamachi
- Laboratório de Citogenética, Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - Miryan Rivera
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Citogenética y Biomoléculas de Anfibios (LICBA), Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina (CISeAL), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Patricia P. Parise-Maltempi
- Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus de Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - John E. Wiley
- The Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Julio C. Pieczarka
- Laboratório de Citogenética, Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brasil
| | - Celio F. B. Haddad
- Departamento de Zoologia e Centro de Aquicultura, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus de Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Julián Faivovich
- División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”—CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Baldo
- Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Instituto de Biología Subtropical (CONICET-UNaM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
More sex chromosomes than autosomes in the Amazonian frog Leptodactylus pentadactylus. Chromosoma 2018; 127:269-278. [PMID: 29372309 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-018-0663-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Heteromorphic sex chromosomes are common in eukaryotes and largely ubiquitous in birds and mammals. The largest number of multiple sex chromosomes in vertebrates known today is found in the monotreme platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus, 2n = 52) which exhibits precisely 10 sex chromosomes. Interestingly, fish, amphibians, and reptiles have sex determination mechanisms that do or do not involve morphologically differentiated sex chromosomes. Relatively few amphibian species carry heteromorphic sex chromosomes, and when present, they are frequently represented by only one pair, either XX:XY or ZZ:ZW types. Here, in contrast, with several evidences, from classical and molecular cytogenetic analyses, we found 12 sex chromosomes in a Brazilian population of the smoky jungle frog, designated as Leptodactylus pentadactylus Laurenti, 1768 (Leptodactylinae), which has a karyotype with 2n = 22 chromosomes. Males exhibited an astonishing stable ring-shaped meiotic chain composed of six X and six Y chromosomes. The number of sex chromosomes is larger than the number of autosomes found, and these data represent the largest number of multiple sex chromosomes ever found among vertebrate species. Additionally, sequence and karyotype variation data suggest that this species may represent a complex of species, in which the chromosomal rearrangements may possibly have played an important role in the evolution process.
Collapse
|
16
|
Chromosomal Evolution in Lower Vertebrates: Sex Chromosomes in Neotropical Fishes. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8100258. [PMID: 28981468 PMCID: PMC5664108 DOI: 10.3390/genes8100258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fishes exhibit the greatest diversity of species among vertebrates, offering a number of relevant models for genetic and evolutionary studies. The investigation of sex chromosome differentiation is a very active and striking research area of fish cytogenetics, as fishes represent one of the most vital model groups. Neotropical fish species show an amazing variety of sex chromosome systems, where different stages of differentiation can be found, ranging from homomorphic to highly differentiated sex chromosomes. Here, we draw attention on the impact of recent developments in molecular cytogenetic analyses that helped to elucidate many unknown questions about fish sex chromosome evolution, using excellent characiform models occurring in the Neotropical region, namely the Erythrinidae family and the Triportheus genus. While in Erythrinidae distinct XY and/or multiple XY-derived sex chromosome systems have independently evolved at least four different times, representatives of Triportheus show an opposite scenario, i.e., highly conserved ZZ/ZW system with a monophyletic origin. In both cases, recent molecular approaches, such as mapping of repetitive DNA classes, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and whole chromosome painting (WCP), allowed us to unmask several new features linked to the molecular composition and differentiation processes of sex chromosomes in fishes.
Collapse
|
17
|
Vittorazzi SE, Lourenço LB, Solé M, Faria RG, Recco-Pimentel SM. Chromosomal analysis of Physalaemus kroyeri and Physalaemus cicada (Anura, Leptodactylidae). COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2016; 10:311-23. [PMID: 27551351 PMCID: PMC4977805 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v10i2.9319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
All the species of Physalaemus Fitzinger, 1826 karyotyped up until now have been classified as 2n = 22. The species of the Physalaemus cuvieri group analyzed by C-banding present a block of heterochromatin in the interstitial region of the short arm of pair 5. Physalaemus cicada Bokermann, 1966 has been considered to be a member of the Physalaemus cuvieri species group, although its interspecific phylogenetic relationships remain unknown. The PcP190 satellite DNA has been mapped on the chromosomes of most of the species of the Physalaemus cuvieri group. For two species, Physalaemus cicada and Physalaemus kroyeri (Reinhardt & Lütken, 1862), however, only the chromosome number and morphology are known. Given this, the objective of the present study was to analyze the chromosomes of Physalaemus cicada and Physalaemus kroyeri, primarily by C-banding and PcP190 mapping. The results indicate that Physalaemus kroyeri and Physalaemus cicada have similar karyotypes, which were typical of Physalaemus. In both species, the NORs are located on the long arm of pair 8, and the C-banding indicated that, among other features, Physalaemus kroyeri has the interstitial band on chromosome 5, which is however absent in Physalaemus cicada. Even so, a number of telomeric bands were observed in Physalaemus cicada. The mapping of the PcP190 satellite DNA highlighted areas of the centromeric region of the chromosomes of pair 1 in both species, although in Physalaemus kroyeri, heteromorphism was also observed in pair 3. The cytogenetic evidence does not support the inclusion of Physalaemus cicada in the Physalaemus cuvieri group. In the case of Physalaemus kroyeri, the interstitial band on pair 5 is consistent with the existence of a cytogenetic synapomorphy in the Physalaemus cuvieri species group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stenio Eder Vittorazzi
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-863 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana Bolsoni Lourenço
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-863 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mirco Solé
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, 45662-000, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Renato Gomes Faria
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 49100-000, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Shirlei Maria Recco-Pimentel
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 13083-863 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|