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Rajasekharan SK, Ravichandran V, Boya BR, Jayachandran A, Lee J. Repurposing methuosis-inducing anticancer drugs for anthelmintic therapy. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012475. [PMID: 39235992 PMCID: PMC11376546 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-resistant parasitic nematodes pose a grave threat to plants, animals, and humans. An innovative paradigm for treating parasitic nematodes is emphasized in this opinion. This approach relies on repurposing methuosis (a death characterized by accumulation of large vacuoles) inducing anticancer drugs as anthelmintics. We review drugs/chemicals that have shown to kill nematodes or cancerous cells by inducing multiple vacuoles that eventually coalesce and rupture. This perspective additionally offers a succinct summary on Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) of methuosis-inducing small molecules. This strategy holds promise for the development of broad-spectrum anthelmintics, shedding light on shared molecular mechanisms between cancer and nematodes in response to these inducers, thereby potentially transforming both therapeutic domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Rajasekharan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinothkannan Ravichandran
- Centre for Drug Discovery and Development (CD3), Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Maharashtra, Bhatan, Panvel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bharath Reddy Boya
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnum University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Anirudh Jayachandran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu District, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnum University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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Kim JH, Lee BM, Lee HC, Choi IS, Koo KB, Son KH. Antagonistic Efficacy of Symbiotic Bacterium Xenorhabdus sp. SCG against Meloidogyne spp. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1627-1635. [PMID: 39081258 PMCID: PMC11380509 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2404.04003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
The inhabitation and parasitism of root-knot nematodes (RKNs) can be difficult to control, as its symptoms can be easily confused with other plant diseases; hence, identifying and controlling the occurrence of RKNs in plants remains an ongoing challenge. Moreover, there are only a few biological agents for controlling these harmful nematodes. In this study, Xenorhabdus sp. SCG isolated from entomopathogenic nematodes of genus Steinernema was evaluated for nematicidal effects under in vitro and greenhouse conditions. The cell-free filtrates of strain SCG showed nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne species J2s, with mortalities of > 88% at a final concentration of 10%, as well as significant nematicidal activity against the three other genera of plant-parasitic nematodes in a dose-dependent manner. Thymine was isolated as active compounds by assay-guided fractionation and showed high nematicidal activity against M. incognita. Greenhouse experiments suggested that cell-free filtrates of strain SCG efficiently controlled the nematode population in M. incognita-infested tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L., cv. Rutgers). In addition, a significant increase in host plant growth was observed after 45 days of treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first to demonstrate the nematicidal activity spectrum of isolated Xenorhabdus species and their application to S. lycopersicum L., cv. Rutgers under greenhouse conditions. Xenorhabdus sp. SCG could be a promising biological nematicidal agent with plant growth-enhancing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hoon Kim
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Min Lee
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | | | - In-Soo Choi
- Nematode Research Center, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kwang-Hee Son
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Ramatsitsi N, Dube ZP, Ramachela K, Motloba T. Bio-control efficacy of selected indigenous nematophagous fungi against Meloidogyne enterolobii in vitro and on dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Int Microbiol 2024:10.1007/s10123-024-00571-1. [PMID: 39122800 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-024-00571-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important commercialized field crop in South Africa for aiding in food security as a cheap protein source. However, it is highly susceptible to root-knot nematodes (RKN), Meloidogyne species. Use of indigenous nematophagous fungi as bio-control agents (BCA) of Meloidogyne nematodes is a promising research focus area. This is because indigenous fungal species are naturally part of the ecosystem and therefore compatible with other biological processes unlike most synthetic chemicals. The objective of the study was to identify indigenous nematophagous fungal BCA and establish their potential efficacy in reducing M. enterolobii population densities on dry bean with and without incorporation of compost. Screened indigenous fungal species included Aspergillus terreus, Talaromyces minioluteus, T. sayulitensis, Trichoderma ghanense, and T. viride. There were observed significant parasitism differences (P ≤ 0.05) among the BCA, with T. ghanense showing the highest egg parasitism (86%), followed by T. minioluteus (72%) and T. sayulitensis (70%). On the other hand, the highest J2 parasitism was observed on T. minioluteus (95%), followed by A. terreus and T. viride (63%). A similar trend was observed under in vivo conditions, with higher efficacy with compost incorporation. This provides a highly encouraging alternative and ecologically complementary Meloidogyne management in dry bean production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ndivhuwo Ramatsitsi
- School of Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2745, South Africa.
| | - Zakheleni Palane Dube
- School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Private Bag X11283, Mbombela, South Africa
| | - Khosi Ramachela
- School of Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2745, South Africa
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Crop Science Department, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho, 2745, South Africa
| | - Tuelo Motloba
- Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa
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Yang ZY, Dai YC, Mo YQ, Wang JL, Ma L, Zhao PJ, Huang Y, Wang RB, Li W, Al-Rejaie SS, Liu JJ, Cao Y, Mo MH. Exploring the nematicidal mechanisms and control efficiencies of oxalic acid producing Aspergillus tubingensis WF01 against root-knot nematodes. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1424758. [PMID: 39040900 PMCID: PMC11260745 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1424758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Root-knot nematodes (RKN; Meloidogyne spp.) are among the highly prevalent and significantly detrimental pathogens that cause severe economic and yield losses in crops. Currently, control of RKN primarily relies on the application of chemical nematicides but it has environmental and public health concerns, which open new doors for alternative methods in the form of biological control. Methods In this study, we investigated the nematicidal and attractive activities of an endophytic strain WF01 against Meloidogyne incognita in concentration-dependent experiments. The active nematicidal metabolite was extracted in the WF01 crude extract through the Sephadex column, and its structure was identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry data. Results The strain WF01 was identified as Aspergillus tubingensis based on morphological and molecular characteristics. The nematicidal and attractive metabolite of A. tubingensis WF01 was identified as oxalic acid (OA), which showed solid nematicidal activity against M. incognita, having LC50 of 27.48 μg ml-1. The Nsy-1 of AWC and Odr-7 of AWA were the primary neuron genes for Caenorhabditis elegans to detect OA. Under greenhouse, WF01 broth and 200 μg ml-1 OA could effectively suppress the disease caused by M. incognita on tomatoes respectively with control efficiency (CE) of 62.5% and 70.83%, and promote plant growth. In the field, WF01-WP and 8% OA-WP formulations showed moderate CEs of 51.25%-61.47% against RKN in tomato and tobacco. The combined application of WF01 and OA resulted in excellent CEs of 66.83% and 69.34% toward RKN in tomato and tobacco, respectively. Furthermore, the application of WF01 broth or OA significantly suppressed the infection of J2s in tomatoes by upregulating the expression levels of the genes (PAL, C4H, HCT, and F5H) related to lignin synthesis, and strengthened root lignification. Conclusion Altogether, our results demonstrated that A. tubingensis WF01 exhibited multiple weapons to control RKN mediated by producing OA to lure and kill RKN in a concentration-dependent manner and strengthen root lignification. This fungus could serve as an environmental bio-nematicide for managing the diseases caused by RKN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan-Chen Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan-Qi Mo
- Institute of Crop Variety Resources, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Jia-Lun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Pei-Ji Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Rui-Bin Wang
- Shandong Dianlu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Feixian, China
| | - Wei Li
- Yunnan Boshiao Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Kunming, China
| | - Salim S. Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jian-Jin Liu
- Pu’er Corporation of Yunnan Tobacco Corporation, Pu’er, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Guizhou Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming-He Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Fan Z, Gao K, Wang L, Qin Y, Liu S, Xing R, Yu H, Li K, Li P. Sulfonamide modified chitosan oligosaccharide with high nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:132131. [PMID: 38719017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) modification is a feasible way to develop novel green nematicides. This study involved the synthesis of various COS sulfonamide derivatives via hydroxylated protection and deprotection, which were then characterized using NMR, FTIR, MS, elemental analysis, XRD, and TG/DTG. In vitro experiments found that COS-alkyl sulfonamide derivatives (S6 and S11-S13) exhibited high mortality (>98 % at 1 mg/mL) against Meloidogyne incognita second-instar larvaes (J2s) among the derivatives. S6 can cause vacuole-like structures in the middle and tail regions of the nematode body and effectively inhibit egg hatching. In vivo tests have found that S6 has well control effects and low plant toxicity. Additionally, the structure-activity studies revealed that S6 with a high degree of substitution, a low molecular weight, and a sulfonyl bond on the amino group of the COS backbone exhibited increased nematicidal activity. The sulfonamide group is a potential active group for developing COS-based nematicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqian Fan
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Kun Gao
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Linsong Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yukun Qin
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Song Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ronge Xing
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Huahua Yu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Kecheng Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China.
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Patidar P, Prasad L, Sagar S, Sirohi A, Saharan MS, Dhillon MK, Singh VK, Bag TK. Chemo-profiling of Purpureocillium lilacinum and Paecilomyces variotii isolates using GC-MS analysis, and evaluation of their metabolites against M. incognita. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297925. [PMID: 38358978 PMCID: PMC10868743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Nematophagous fungi are the best alternatives to chemical nematicides for managing nematodes considering environmental health. In the current study, activity of metabolites from ten isolates of Purpureocillium lilacinum (Thom) Luangsa-ard (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) and two isolates of Paecilomyces variotii Bainier (Eurotiales: Trichocomaceae), were examined to inhibit the hatching of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) eggs. At 100%, 50%, and 25% concentrations, respectively, the culture filtrate of the isolate P. lilacinum 6887 prevented 97.55%, 90.52%, and 62.97% of egg hatching. Out of all the isolates, Pl 6887, Pl 6553, and Pl 2362 showed the greatest results in the hatching inhibition experiment.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed a variety of nematicidal compounds from different isolates. A total of seven nematicidal compounds, including four very potent nematicidal fatty acids were found in the isolate Pl 6553. Secondary metabolites of the same isolate possess the highest M. incognita juvenile mortality, i.e., 43.33% and 92% after 48 hrs of treatment at 100 and 200 ppm concentrations, respectively. Significant difference was observed in juvenile mortality percentage among the isolate having highest and lowest nematicidal compounds. Nematicidal fatty acids like myristic and lauric acid were found for the first time in P. lilacinum. Multiple vacuole-like droplets were found inside the unhatched eggs inoculated with the culture filtrate of isolate Pl 6887, and also in the juveniles that perished in the ethyl acetate extract of isolate Pl 6553.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Patidar
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Lakshman Prasad
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sushma Sagar
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Anil Sirohi
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Mahender Singh Saharan
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Dhillon
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Vaibhav Kumar Singh
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Tusar Kanti Bag
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Zhang R, Yu Z, Cui H, Ye C, Qiao M. Aspergillus niger produces lethal compounds against nematodes. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4617-4625. [PMID: 37440680 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspergillus niger is generally considered safe and is widely used across a broad range of industries from food to pharmaceuticals. The metabolites of some Aspergillus species are effective in killing nematodes. The active ingredients that play a role are citric acid and oxalic acid. RESULTS The effective nematocidal metabolite in the fermentation broth of the A. niger Ym16 is a calcium oxalate coordination compound (C2 H2 O4 •2(C2 HO4 )•C2 O4 •4(H2 O)•2(Ca)). The mortality of fermentation broth and compound solution to second-stage juveniles (J2s) of Meloidogyne incognita were 94% (8 h) and 95% (2 h), respectively. The hatching inhibition rates of fermentation broth and compound solution to eggs of M. incognita were 86% (24 h) and 87% (12 h), respectively. Furthermore, the Ym16 strain promoted plant growth. CONCLUSION Strain Ym16 and its metabolites should be the first choice for nematode control because it is an effective agent against soil nematodes. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhe Zhang
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Zefen Yu
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hexin Cui
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Chuwen Ye
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Min Qiao
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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Kamalanathan V, Sevugapperumal N, Nallusamy S, Ashraf S, Kailasam K, Afzal M. Metagenomic Approach Deciphers the Role of Community Composition of Mycobiome Structured by Bacillus velezensis VB7 and Trichoderma koningiopsis TK in Tomato Rhizosphere to Suppress Root-Knot Nematode Infecting Tomato. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2467. [PMID: 37894125 PMCID: PMC10609121 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The soil microbiome is crucial for maintaining the sustainability of the agricultural environment. Concerning the role of diverse mycobiomes and their abundance toward the suppression of root-knot nematode (RKN) infection in vegetable crops, our understanding is unclear. To unveil this issue, we examined the fungal microbiome in tomato rhizosphere augmented with bioagents challenged against RKN at taxonomic and functional levels. Composition of the mycobiome in tomato rhizosphere treated with Bacillus velezensis VB7 and Trichoderma koningiopsis TK differed significantly from the infected tomato rhizosphere. The abundance and diversity of fungal species, however, were significantly higher in the combined treatments of bioagents than for individual treatments. Fungal microbiome diversity was negatively correlated in the RKN-associated soil. Network analysis of the fungal biome indicated a larger and complex network of fungal biome diversity in bioagent-treated soil than in nematode-associated tomato rhizosphere. The diversity index represented by that challenging the RKN by drenching with consortia of B. velezensis VB7 and T. koningiopsis TK, or applying them individually, constituted the maximum abundance and richness of the mycobiome compared to the untreated control. Thus, the increased diverse nature and relative abundance of the mycobiome in tomato rhizosphere was mediated through the application of either T. koningiopsis TK or B. velezensis VB7, individually or as a consortium comprising both fungal and bacterial antagonists, which facilitated engineering the community composition of fungal bioagents. This in turn inhibited the infestation of RKN in tomato. It would be interesting to explore further the possibility of combined applications of B. velezensis VB7 and T. koningiopsis TK to manage root-knot nematodes as an integrated approach for managing plant parasitic nematodes at the field level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinothini Kamalanathan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Nakkeeran Sevugapperumal
- Department of Plant Pathology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Saranya Nallusamy
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Suhail Ashraf
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Kumanan Kailasam
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural College & Research Institute, Kudumiyanmalai, TNAU, Pudukottai 622104, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Mohd Afzal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Sikandar A, Gao F, Mo Y, Chen Q, Ullah RMK, Wu H. Efficacy of Aspergillus tubingensis GX3' Fermentation against Meloidogyne enterolobii in Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2724. [PMID: 37514339 PMCID: PMC10385188 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Meloidogyne enterolobii is one of the most virulent root-knot nematodes (RKNs). Aspergillus tubingensis Raoul Mosseray, 1934, is used to produce bioactive substances, enzymes, and secondary metabolites. However, no research has been conducted yet on the efficacy of A. tubingensis against plant-parasitic nematodes. Thus, the novel research was planned to evaluate the biocontrol efficacy of A. tubingensis fermentation against M. enterolobii. The findings showed that egg hatching inhibition and mortality of M. enterolobii increased with increasing concentration of fermentation and exposure time. The maximum second-stage juveniles (J2s) mortality was achieved via 100% fermentation at 72 h. Similarly, 100% fermentation inhibited 99.9% of egg hatching at 8 d. A. tubingensis fermentation increased plant biomass, decreased second-stage juvenile invasion, and inhibited nematode development and reproduction in greenhouse conditions. A. tubingensis reduced J2 invasion into tomato roots by 42.84% with CS+ (coated seeds plants with nematodes inoculum) and 27.04% with T+ (100% fermentation broth and nematodes inoculum both) treatments. Moreover, CS+ and T+ treatments decreased nematode development by 54.31% and 21.48%, respectively. It is concluded that the A. tubingensis GX3 strain can be used as a novel microbial biocontrol agent against M. enterolobii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aatika Sikandar
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Fukun Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yixue Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Rana Muhammad Kaleem Ullah
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Kumar S, Panwar P, Sehrawat N, Upadhyay SK, Sharma AK, Singh M, Yadav M. Oxalic acid: recent developments for cost-effective microbial production. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Organic acids are the important compounds that have found numerous applications in various industries. Oxalic acid is one of the important organic acids with different industrial applications. Different microbes have been reported as important sources of various organic acids. Majority of studies have been carried on fungal sources for oxalic acid production. Aspergillus sp. has been found efficient oxalic acid producer. Microbial productions of metabolites including organic acids are considered cost effective and eco-friendly approach over chemical synthesis. Fermentative production of microbial oxalic acid seems to be a good alternative as compared to chemical methods. Microbial production of oxalic acid still requires the extensive and elaborated research for its commercial production from efficient microbes using cost effective substrates. The present text summarizes the production of oxalic acid, its applications and recent developments in the direction of fermentative production of microbial oxalic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Kumar
- Department of Bioinformatics , Janta Vedic College , Baraut-Baghpat , Uttar Pradesh 250611 , India
| | - Priya Panwar
- Department of Biotechnology , M.M.E.C., Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) , Mullana-Ambala 133207 , India
| | - Nirmala Sehrawat
- Department of Biotechnology , M.M.E.C., Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) , Mullana-Ambala 133207 , India
| | - Sushil Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology , M.M.E.C., Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) , Mullana-Ambala 133207 , India
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology , M.M.E.C., Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) , Mullana-Ambala 133207 , India
| | - Manoj Singh
- Department of Biotechnology , M.M.E.C., Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) , Mullana-Ambala 133207 , India
| | - Mukesh Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology , M.M.E.C., Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University) , Mullana-Ambala 133207 , India
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11
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Bhat AA, Shakeel A, Waqar S, Handoo ZA, Khan AA. Microbes vs. Nematodes: Insights into Biocontrol through Antagonistic Organisms to Control Root-Knot Nematodes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:451. [PMID: 36771535 PMCID: PMC9919851 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are sedentary endoparasites that cause severe economic losses to agricultural crops globally. Due to the regulations of the European Union on the application of nematicides, it is crucial now to discover eco-friendly control strategies for nematode management. Biocontrol is one such safe and reliable method for managing these polyphagous nematodes. Biocontrol agents not only control these parasitic nematodes but also improve plant growth and induce systemic resistance in plants against a variety of biotic stresses. A wide range of organisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and protozoans live in their natural mode as nematode antagonists. Various review articles have discussed the role of biocontrol in nematode management in general, but a specific review on biocontrol of root-knot nematodes is not available in detail. This review, therefore, focuses on the biocontrol of root-knot nematodes by discussing their important known antagonists, modes of action, and interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Ameen Bhat
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Adnan Shakeel
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Sonia Waqar
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
| | - Zafar Ahmad Handoo
- Mycology and Nematology Genetic Diversity and Biology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Northeast Area, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Abrar Ahmed Khan
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
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12
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Gangaraj R, Kundu A, Rana VS, Das A, Chawla G, Prakash G, Debbarma R, Nagaraja A, Bainsla NK, Gupta NC, Kamil D. Metabolomic profiling and its association with the bio-efficacy of Aspergillus niger strain against Fusarium wilt of guava. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1142144. [PMID: 37168123 PMCID: PMC10165087 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1142144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-control agents are the best alternative to chemicals for the successful management of plant diseases. The fungus Aspergillus niger is known to produce diverse metabolites with antifungal activity, attracting researchers to exploit it as a bio-control agent for plant disease control. In the present study, 11 A. niger strains were isolated and screened for their antagonism against the guava wilt pathogen under in vitro and in planta conditions. Strains were identified morphologically and molecularly by sequencing the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), β-tubulin, and calmodulin genes. The strains were evaluated through dual culture, volatile, and non-volatile methods under an in vitro study. AN-11, AN-6, and AN-2 inhibited the test pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. psidii (FOP) at 67.16%, 64.01%, and 60.48%, respectively. An in planta study was conducted under greenhouse conditions with 6 months old air-layered guava plants (var. Allahabad Safeda) by pre- and post-inoculation of FOP. The AN-11 strain was found to be effective under both pre- and post-inoculation trials. Furthermore, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was carried out to characterize the volatile compounds of the most potential strain, A. niger. The hexane soluble fraction showed the appearance of characteristic peaks of hexadecenoic acid methyl ester (4.41%), 10-octadecanoic acid methyl ester (3.79%), dodecane (3.21%), undecane (3.19%), gibepyrone A (0.15%), 3-methylundecane (0.36%), and citroflex A (0.38%). The ethyl acetate fraction of the bio-control fungi revealed the occurrence of major antifungal compounds, such as acetic acid ethyl ester (17.32%), benzopyron-4-ol (12.17%), 1,2,6-hexanetriol (7.16%), 2-propenoic acid ethanediyl ester (2.95%), 1-(3-ethyloxiranyl)-ethenone (0.98%), 6-acetyl-8-methoxy dimethyl chromene (0.96%), 4-hexyl-2,5-dihydro dioxo furan acetic acid (0.19%), and octadecanoic acid (1.11%). Furthermore, bio-control abilities could be due to hyper-parasitism, the production of secondary metabolites, and competition for sites and nutrients. Indeed, the results will enrich the existing knowledge of metabolomic information and support perspectives on the bio-control mechanism of A. niger.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Gangaraj
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Aditi Kundu
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Virendra Singh Rana
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Amrita Das
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Gautham Chawla
- Division of Nematology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - G. Prakash
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Rubin Debbarma
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - A. Nagaraja
- Division of Fruits and Horticultural Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Naresh Kumar Bainsla
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Deeba Kamil
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Deeba Kamil
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13
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Ye S, Yan R, Li X, Lin Y, Yang Z, Ma Y, Ding Z. Biocontrol potential of Pseudomonas rhodesiae GC-7 against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola through both antagonistic effects and induced plant resistance. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1025727. [PMID: 36386722 PMCID: PMC9651087 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1025727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause serious damage to agricultural production worldwide. Currently, because of a lack of effective and environmental-friendly chemical nematicides, the use of microbial nematicides has been proposed as an eco-friendly management strategy to control PPNs. A nematicidal bacterium GC-7 was originally isolated from the rice rhizosphere, and was identified as Pseudomonas rhodesiae. Treatment with the fermentation supernatant of GC-7 in vitro showed a highly lethal effect on second-stage juveniles of Meloidogyne graminicola, with the mortality rate increasing to 95.82% at 24 h and egg hatching significantly inhibited, with a hatch inhibition rate of 60.65% at 96 h. The bacterium significantly reduced the level of damage caused by M. graminicola infestations to rice (Oryza sativa) in greenhouse and field experiments. Under greenhouse conditions, the GC-7 culture efficiently reduced the gall index and nematode population in rice roots and soils, as well as inhibited nematode development compared to the control. Under field conditions, application of the GC-7 consistently showed a high biocontrol efficacy against M. graminicola (with a control efficiency of 58.85%) and promoted plant growth. In addition, the inoculation of GC-7 in M. graminicola-infested rice plant fields significantly suppressed final nematode populations in soil under natural conditions. Furthermore, activities of plant defense-related enzymes, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase were remarkably increased in plant roots treated with GC-7 compared with roots that were challenge to M. graminicola. Moreover, quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that GC-7 significantly enhanced the expression of defense genes (PR1a, WRKY45, JaMYB, AOS2, ERF1, and ACS1) related to salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene signaling pathways in rice roots after inoculation with GC-7 at different levels. The results indicated that GC-7 could be an effective biological component in the integrated management of M. graminicola infecting rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Ye
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Biopesticide and Formulation Processing, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rui Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinwen Li
- Agriculture and Rural Department of Hunan Province, Plant Protection and Inspection Station, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yufeng Lin
- Agriculture and Rural Department of Hunan Province, Plant Protection and Inspection Station, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhuhong Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Biopesticide and Formulation Processing, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yihang Ma
- Department of Chemical Metrology and Reference Materials, Hunan Institute of Metrology and Test, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhong Ding
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Biopesticide and Formulation Processing, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhong Ding,
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14
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Kim S, Kim HM, Seo HJ, Yeon J, Park AR, Yu NH, Jeong SG, Chang JY, Kim JC, Park HW. Root-Knot Nematode ( Meloidogyne incognita) Control Using a Combination of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WiKim0090 and Copper Sulfate. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:960-966. [PMID: 35879271 PMCID: PMC9628955 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2205.05019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exert antagonistic activity against root-knot nematodes, mainly by producing organic acids via carbohydrate fermentation. However, they have not yet been used for root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) control owing to a lack of economic feasibility and effectiveness. In this study, we aimed to isolate organic acid-producing LAB from kimchi (Korean traditional fermented cabbage) and evaluated their nematicidal activity. Among the 234 strains isolated, those showing the highest nematicidal activity were selected and identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WiKim0090. Nematicidal activity and egg hatch inhibitory activity of WiKim0090 culture filtrate were dose dependent. Nematode mortality 3 days after treatment with 2.5% of the culture filtrate was 100%, with a 50% lethal concentration of 1.41%. In pot tests, the inhibitory activity of an L. plantarum WiKim0090-copper sulfate mixture on gall formation increased. Compared to abamectin application, which is a commercial nematicide, a higher control value was observed using the WiKim0090-copper sulfate mixture, indicating that this combination can be effective in controlling the root-knot nematode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulbi Kim
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea,Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Myeong Kim
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jeong Seo
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehyeong Yeon
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Ran Park
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Nan Hee Yu
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Gi Jeong
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Chang
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea,
J.C. Kim Phone: +82-62-530-2132 Fax: +82-62-530-2139 E-mail:
| | - Hae Woong Park
- Technology Innovation Research Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Republic of Korea,Corresponding authors H.W. Park Phone: +82-62-610-1728 Fax: +82-62-610-1850 E-mail:
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15
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Polyphasic Characterization of Four Aspergillus Species as Potential Biocontrol Agents for White Mold Disease of Bean. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8060626. [PMID: 35736109 PMCID: PMC9224856 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Aspergillus comprises several species that play pivotal roles in agriculture. Herein, we morphologically and physiologically characterized four genetically distinct Aspergillus spp., namely A. japonicus, A. niger, A. flavus, and A. pseudoelegans, and examined their ability to suppress the white mold disease of bean caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in vitro and under greenhouse conditions. Seriation type of Aspergillus spp. correlates with conidiospores discharge as detected on the Petri glass lid. Members of Nigri section cover their conidial heads with hard shells after prolonged incubation. In addition, sporulation of the tested Aspergillus isolates is temperature sensitive as it becomes inhibited at low temperatures and the colonies become white. Examined Aspergillus spp. were neither infectious to legumes nor aflatoxigenic as confirmed by HPLC except for A. flavus and A. pseudoelegans which, secreted 5 and 1 ppm of aflatoxin B1, respectively. Co-inoculations of Sclerotinia’s mycelium or sclerotia with a spore suspension of Aspergillus spp. inhibited their germination on PDA at 18 °C and 28 °C, and halted disease onset on detached common bean and soybean leaves. Similarly, plants treated with A. japonicus and A. niger showed the highest survival rates compared to untreated plants. In conclusion, black Aspergillus spp. are efficient biocides and safe alternatives for the management of plant diseases, particularly in organic farms.
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16
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Zhao Y, Yuan Z, Wang S, Wang H, Chao Y, Sederoff RR, Sederoff H, Yan H, Pan J, Peng M, Wu D, Borriss R, Niu B. Gene sdaB Is Involved in the Nematocidal Activity of Enterobacter ludwigii AA4 Against the Pine Wood Nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:870519. [PMID: 35602027 PMCID: PMC9121001 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.870519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, a plant parasitic nematode, is the causal agent of pine wilt, a devastating forest tree disease. Essentially, no efficient methods for controlling B. xylophilus and pine wilt disease have yet been developed. Enterobacter ludwigii AA4, isolated from the root of maize, has powerful nematocidal activity against B. xylophilus in a new in vitro dye exclusion test. The corrected mortality of the B. xylophilus treated by E. ludwigii AA4 or its cell extract reached 98.3 and 98.6%, respectively. Morphological changes in B. xylophilus treated with a cell extract from strain AA4 suggested that the death of B. xylophilus might be caused by an increased number of vacuoles in non-apoptotic cell death and the damage to tissues of the nematodes. In a greenhouse test, the disease index of the seedlings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) treated with the cells of strain AA4 plus B. xylophilus or those treated by AA4 cell extract plus B. xylophilus was 38.2 and 30.3, respectively, was significantly lower than 92.5 in the control plants treated with distilled water and B. xylophilus. We created a sdaB gene knockout in strain AA4 by deleting the gene that was putatively encoding the beta-subunit of L-serine dehydratase through Red homologous recombination. The nematocidal and disease-suppressing activities of the knockout strain were remarkably impaired. Finally, we revealed a robust colonization of P. sylvestris seedling needles by E. ludwigii AA4, which is supposed to contribute to the disease-controlling efficacy of strain AA4. Therefore, E. ludwigii AA4 has significant potential to serve as an agent for the biological control of pine wilt disease caused by B. xylophilus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhibo Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Administrative Office of the Summer Palace, Beijing Municipal Administration Center of Parks, Beijing, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Yanjie Chao
- The Center for Microbes, Development and Health (CMDH), Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ronald R. Sederoff
- Forest Biotechnology Group, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Heike Sederoff
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - He Yan
- Center for Biological Disaster Prevention and Control, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shenyang, China
| | - Jialiang Pan
- Center for Biological Disaster Prevention and Control, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shenyang, China
| | - Mu Peng
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Rainer Borriss
- Nord Reet UG, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology e.V. (IMaB), Greifswald, Germany
- *Correspondence: Rainer Borriss,
| | - Ben Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- Ben Niu,
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17
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Yeon J, Park AR, Nguyen HTT, Gwak H, Kim J, Sang MK, Kim JC. Inhibition of Oomycetes by the Mixture of Maleic Acid and Copper Sulfate. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:960-965. [PMID: 34705489 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-21-1559-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Since the protective activity of the Bordeaux mixture against plant disease caused by oomycetes was discovered, copper compounds have been used for more than a century as an effective plant protection strategy. However, the application of excessive copper can cause adverse effects through long-term heavy metal accumulation in soils. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new strategies to reduce or replace copper in pesticides based on organic and low-input farming systems. Organic acids are eco-friendly. In this study, we tested the antifungal and anti-oomycete activity of maleic acid (MA) and copper sulfate (CS) against 13 plant pathogens. Treatment with a mixture of MA and CS showed strong anti-oomycetes activity against Phytophthora xcambivora, P. capsici, and P. cinnamomi. Moreover, the concentration of CS in the activated mixture of MA and CS was lower than that in the activated CS only, and the mixture showed synergy or partial synergy effects on the anti-oomycete activity. Application of a wettable powder formulation of MA and CS mixture (MCS 30WP; 26.67% MA and 3.33% CS) had excellent protective activity in pot experiments with control values of 73% Phytophthora blight on red pepper, 91% damping-off on cucumber, and 84% Pythium blight on creeping bentgrass, which are similar to those of the CS wettable powder formulation (6.67% CS) containing two times the CS content of MCS 30WP. These observations suggest that the synergistic effect of the MA and CS combination is a sustainable alternative for effective management of destructive oomycete diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jehyeong Yeon
- Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Ran Park
- Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang Thi Thu Nguyen
- Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanna Gwak
- Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Division of Agricultural Microbiology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
- Department of Agricultural Biology, College of Agricultural & Life Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee Kyung Sang
- Division of Agricultural Microbiology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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18
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Identification of Microorganisms Dwelling on the 19th Century Lanna Mural Paintings from Northern Thailand Using Culture-Dependent and -Independent Approaches. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020228. [PMID: 35205094 PMCID: PMC8869426 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary In this study, we compared microbial communities in Lanna mural paintings in temples with different numbers of visitors using culture-dependent and culture independent approaches. The results showed that microorganisms could damage the colors that are used on murals. The process of degradation involved the production of organic acids and formation of the calcium crystal. Furthermore, we found that the site with higher number of visitors is associated with microbial contamination from humans while the site with lower number of visitors had higher saprotroph population. Further research into these microorganisms, their activities and functional roles may provide crucial information to aid the preservation of mural paintings. Abstract Lanna painting is a unique type of painting in many temples in the Northern Thai region. Similar to most mural paintings, they usually decay over time partly due to the activity of microbes. This study aimed to investigate the microorganisms from two Lanna masterpiece paintings in two temples that differ in the numbers of visitors using both culture-dependent and -independent approaches. The microorganisms isolated from the murals were also tested for the biodeterioration activities including discoloration, acid production and calcium precipitation. Most microorganisms extracted from the paintings were able to discolor the paints, but only fungi were able to discolor, produce acids and precipitate calcium. The microorganism communities, diversity and functional prediction were also investigated using the culture-independent method. The diversity of microorganisms and functional prediction were different between the two temples. Gammaproteobacteria was the predominant group of bacteria in both temples. However, the fungal communities were different between the two temples as Aspergillus was the most abundant genus in the site with higher number of visitors [Buak Krok Luang temple (BK)]. Conversely, mural paintings at Tha Kham temple (TK) were dominated by the Neodevriesia genera. We noticed that a high number of visitors (Buak Krok Luang) was correlated with microbial contamination from humans while the microbial community at Tha Kham temple had a higher proportion of saprotrophs. These results could be applied to formulate a strategy to mitigate the amount of tourists as well as manage microorganism to slow down the biodeterioration process.
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19
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Asaturova AM, Bugaeva LN, Homyak AI, Slobodyanyuk GA, Kashutina EV, Yasyuk LV, Sidorov NM, Nadykta VD, Garkovenko AV. Bacillusvelezensis Strains for Protecting Cucumber Plants from Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita in a Greenhouse. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:275. [PMID: 35161255 PMCID: PMC8838184 DOI: 10.3390/plants11030275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Meloidogyne incognita Kofoid et White is one of the most dangerous root-knot nematodes in greenhouses. In this study, we evaluated two Bacillus strains (Bacillus velezensis BZR 86 and Bacillus velezensis BZR 277) as promising microbiological agents for protecting cucumber plants from the root-knot nematode M. incognita Kof. The morphological and cultural characteristics and enzymatic activity of the strains have been studied and the optimal conditions for its cultivation have been developed. We have shown the nematicidal activity of these strains against M. incognita. Experiments with the cucumber variety Courage were conducted under greenhouse conditions in 2016-2018. We determined the effect of plant damage with M. incognita to plants on the biometric parameters of underground and aboveground parts of cucumber plants, as well as on the gall formation index and yield. It was found that the treatment of plants with Bacillus strains contributed to an increase in the height of cucumber plants by 7.4-43.1%, an increase in leaf area by 2.7-17.8%, and an increase in root mass by 3.2-16.1% compared with the control plants without treatment. The application of these strains was proved to contribute to an increase in yield by 4.6-45.8% compared to control. Our experiments suggest that the treatment of cucumber plants with two Bacillus strains improved plant health and crop productivity in the greenhouse. B. velezensis BZR 86 and B. velezensis BZR 277 may form the basis for bionematicides to protect cucumber plants from the root-knot nematode M. incognita.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzhela M. Asaturova
- Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection, p/o 39, 350039 Krasnodar, Russia; (A.M.A.); (N.M.S.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Ludmila N. Bugaeva
- Lazarevskaya Experimental Plant Protection Station, the Affiliated Branch of the Federal Research Centre of Biological Plant Protection, l. 200, Sochi Highway-77, 354200 Sochi, Russia; (L.N.B.); (G.A.S.); (E.V.K.); (L.V.Y.)
| | - Anna I. Homyak
- Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection, p/o 39, 350039 Krasnodar, Russia; (A.M.A.); (N.M.S.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Galina A. Slobodyanyuk
- Lazarevskaya Experimental Plant Protection Station, the Affiliated Branch of the Federal Research Centre of Biological Plant Protection, l. 200, Sochi Highway-77, 354200 Sochi, Russia; (L.N.B.); (G.A.S.); (E.V.K.); (L.V.Y.)
| | - Evgeninya V. Kashutina
- Lazarevskaya Experimental Plant Protection Station, the Affiliated Branch of the Federal Research Centre of Biological Plant Protection, l. 200, Sochi Highway-77, 354200 Sochi, Russia; (L.N.B.); (G.A.S.); (E.V.K.); (L.V.Y.)
| | - Larisa V. Yasyuk
- Lazarevskaya Experimental Plant Protection Station, the Affiliated Branch of the Federal Research Centre of Biological Plant Protection, l. 200, Sochi Highway-77, 354200 Sochi, Russia; (L.N.B.); (G.A.S.); (E.V.K.); (L.V.Y.)
| | - Nikita M. Sidorov
- Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection, p/o 39, 350039 Krasnodar, Russia; (A.M.A.); (N.M.S.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Vladimir D. Nadykta
- Federal Research Center of Biological Plant Protection, p/o 39, 350039 Krasnodar, Russia; (A.M.A.); (N.M.S.); (V.D.N.)
| | - Alexey V. Garkovenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Str. 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research in the Agroindustrial Complex, Department of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Biophysics, Trubilin Kuban State Agrarian University, Kalinina Str. 13, 350044 Krasnodar, Russia
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Aspergillus niger Culture Filtrate (ACF) Mediated Biocontrol of Enteric Pathogens in Wastewater. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Robust control of pathogens in sewage facilitates safe reuse of wastewater rich in valuable nutrients for potential valorization through biological means. Aspergillus niger is widely reported in bioremediation of wastewater but studies on control of enteric pathogens in sewage are very sparse. So, this study aimed at exploring the antibacterial and nematicidal activity of A. niger culture filtrate (ACF). Antibacterial activity of ACF on enteric pathogens (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella enterica, Shigella dysenteriae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella variicola) was determined by spectrophotometric growth analysis, resazurin based viability assay and biofilm formation assay. ACF showed inhibition against all enteric pathogens except Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nematicidal studies on Caenorhabditis elegans showed 85% egg hatch inhibition and 52% mortality of L1 larvae. Sewage treatment with ACF at 1:1 (v/v) showed 2–3 log reduction in coliforms, Klebsiella, Shigella, Salmonella, S. aureus and Vibrio except Pseudomonas, indicating significant alteration of complex microbial dynamics in wastewater. Application of ACF can potentially be used as a robust biocontrol strategy against infectious microbes in wastewater and subsequent valorization by cultivating beneficial Pseudomonas.
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Antagonistic Fungi Against Plant Pathogens for Sustainable Agriculture. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-8877-5_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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22
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Ngo MT, Van Nguyen M, Han JW, Kim B, Kim YK, Park MS, Kim H, Choi GJ. Biocontrol Potential of Aspergillus Species Producing Antimicrobial Metabolites. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:804333. [PMID: 35003037 PMCID: PMC8733401 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.804333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial metabolites have been recognized as an important source for the discovery of new antifungal agents because of their diverse chemical structures with novel modes of action. In the course of our screening for new antifungal agents from microbes, we found that culture filtrates of two fungal species Aspergillus candidus SFC20200425-M11 and Aspergillus montenegroi SFC20200425-M27 have the potentials to reduce the development of fungal plant diseases such as tomato late blight and wheat leaf rust. From these two Aspergillus spp., we isolated a total of seven active compounds, including two new compounds (4 and 6), and identified their chemical structures based on the NMR spectral analyses: sphaeropsidin A (1), (R)-formosusin A (2), (R)-variotin (3), candidusin (4), asperlin (5), montenegrol (6), and protulactone A (7). Based on the results of the in vitro bioassays of 11 plant pathogenic fungi and bacteria, sphaeropsidin A (1), (R)-formosusin A (2), (R)-variotin (3), and asperlin (5) exhibited a wide range of antimicrobial activity. Furthermore, when plants were treated with sphaeropsidin A (1) and (R)-formosusin A (2) at a concentration of 500 μg/ml, sphaeropsidin A (1) exhibited an efficacy disease control value of 96 and 90% compared to non-treated control against tomato late blight and wheat leaf rust, and (R)-formosusin A (2) strongly reduced the development of tomato gray mold by 82%. Asperlin (5) at a concentration of 500 μg/ml effectively controlled the development of tomato late blight and wheat leaf rust with a disease control value of 95%. Given that culture filtrates and active compounds derived from two Aspergillus spp. exhibited disease control efficacies, our results suggest that the Aspergillus-produced antifungal compounds could be useful for the development of new natural fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Men Thi Ngo
- Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Minh Van Nguyen
- Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jae Woo Han
- Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Bomin Kim
- Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Kim
- Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Myung Soo Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hun Kim
- Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Gyung Ja Choi
- Center for Eco-friendly New Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
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23
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Nguyen VT, Yu NH, Lee Y, Hwang IM, Bui HX, Kim JC. Nematicidal Activity of Cyclopiazonic Acid Derived From Penicillium commune Against Root-Knot Nematodes and Optimization of the Culture Fermentation Process. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:726504. [PMID: 34899622 PMCID: PMC8651706 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.726504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Among 200 fungal strains isolated from the soil, only one culture filtrate of Aspergillus flavus JCK-4087 showed strong nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita. The nematicidal metabolite isolated from the culture filtrate of JCK-4087 was identified as cyclopiazonic acid (CPA). Because JCK-4087 also produced aflatoxins, six strains of Penicillium commune, which have been reported to be CPA producers, were obtained from the bank and then tested for their CPA productivity. CPA was isolated from the culture filtrate of P. commune KACC 45973. CPA killed the second-stage juveniles of M. incognita, M. hapla, and M. arearia with EC50-3 days 4.50, 18.82, and 60.51 μg mL-1, respectively. CPA also significantly inhibited egg hatch of M. incognita and M. hapla after a total of 28 days of treatment with the concentrations > 25 μg mL-1. The enhancement of CPA production by P. commune KACC 45973 was explored using an optimized medium based on Plackett-Burman design (PBD) and central composite design (CCD). The highest CPA production (381.48 μg mL-1) was obtained from the optimized medium, exhibiting an increase of 7.88 times when compared with that from potato dextrose broth culture. Application of the wettable power-type formulation of the ethyl acetate extract of the culture filtrate of KACC 45973 reduced gall formation and nematode populations in tomato roots and soils under greenhouse conditions. These results suggest that CPA produced by P. commune KACC 45973 can be used as either a biochemical nematicide or a lead molecule for developing chemical nematicides to control root-knot nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Thi Nguyen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Nan Hee Yu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yookyung Lee
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - In Min Hwang
- Hygienic Safety and Analysis Center, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hung Xuan Bui
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Wimauma, FL, United States
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Pandey R, Choudhury PP. Aspergillus niger-mediated degradation of orthosulfamuron in rice soil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 192:813. [PMID: 33443644 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08707-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Orthosulfamuron, a rice herbicide of the family pyrimidinyl sulfonylurea, causes ground water contamination for its moderate persistence and high water solubility. It may cause phytotoxicity and, thereby, affect the growth of succeeding crops. Keeping in view of the environmental safety, the interaction between orthosulfamuron and soil fungi was investigated. Ten different fungal species were found to survive in the soil containing orthosulfamuron at the level of 50 mg kg-1. However, based on the previous research reports, Aspergillus niger was selected for the degradation study on orthosulfamuron in the sterilized soil. It exhibited concentration-depended degradation rate for orthosulfamuron, where the rate decreased with the increasing concentration of the herbicide. The degradation pattern of the herbicide followed the first-order rate kinetics for each applied concentration. The structural elucidation of the five degradation products by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopic analysis indicated that the fungal strain could degrade the herbicide through various biochemical processes. The major degradation of the herbicide took place through the hydrolytic cleavage of sulfonylurea bridge and cleavage of N (urea bridge)-C (pyrimidinyl ring) bond. The rate and degradation pattern of orthosulfamuron found in the present study strongly imply the presence of a recognition mechanism for the substrate and a consequent metabolic response system in the A. niger strain isolated from the agricultural soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Pandey
- ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur, 482004, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Jabalpur, 482004, India
| | - Partha P Choudhury
- ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur, 482004, India.
- Division of Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bangalore, 560089, India.
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25
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Jin JF, He QY, Li PF, Lou HQ, Chen WW, Yang JL. Genome-Wide Identification and Gene Expression Analysis of Acyl-Activating Enzymes Superfamily in Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) Under Aluminum Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:754147. [PMID: 34925406 PMCID: PMC8674732 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.754147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In response to changing environments, plants regulate gene expression and subsequent metabolism to acclimate and survive. A superfamily of acyl-activating enzymes (AAEs) has been observed in every class of creatures on planet. Some of plant AAE genes have been identified and functionally characterized to be involved in growth, development, biotic, and abiotic stresses via mediating diverse metabolic pathways. However, less information is available about AAEs superfamily in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), the highest value fruit and vegetable crop globally. In this study, we aimed to identify tomato AAEs superfamily and investigate potential functions with respect to aluminum (Al) stress that represents one of the major factors limiting crop productivity on acid soils worldwide. Fifty-three AAE genes of tomato were identified and named on the basis of phylogenetic relationships between Arabidopsis and tomato. The phylogenetic analysis showed that AAEs could be classified into six clades; however, clade III contains no AAE genes of tomato. Synteny analyses revealed tomato vegetable paralogs and Arabidopsis orthologs. The RNA-seq and quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that 9 out of 53 AAEs genes were significantly up- or downregulated by Al stress. Numerous cis-acting elements implicated in biotic and abiotic stresses were detected in the promoter regions of SlAAEs. As the most abundantly expressed gene in root apex and highly induced by Al, there are many potential STOP1 cis-acting elements present in the promoter of SlAAE3-1, and its expression in root apex was specific to Al. Finally, transgenic tobacco lines overexpressing SlAAE3-1 displayed increased tolerance to Al. Altogether, our results pave the way for further studies on the functional characterization of SlAAE genes in tomato with a wish of improvement in tomato crop in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Feng Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Yu He
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - He Qiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Wei Chen,
| | - Jian Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Jian Li Yang,
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26
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Abd-Elgawad MMM. Optimizing biological control agents for controlling nematodes of tomato in Egypt. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PEST CONTROL 2020; 30:58. [DOI: 10.1186/s41938-020-00252-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
AbstractTomato is a major vegetable crop in Egypt and worldwide. Yet, many plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs), especially Meloidogyne spp. and Rotylenchulus reniformis are a devastating threat to tomato cultivation in Egypt. This review addresses their biology, ecology, and economic importance from the standpoint of pest management. Soil treatment with synthetic nematicides has given some protection and enhanced tomato yields, but health hazards and environmental pollution are obstructing their intensive use. Moreover, some of such nematicides are being banned from the market. Therefore, safe biological control agents (BCAs) and their bioactive compounds should better be researched and developed to effectively replace hazardous nematicides. Abamectin, produced during the fermentation process of the actinomycete Streptomyces avermitilis, is recommended to manage PPNs of tomato in Egypt but further exploration should allocate where BCAs can reliably act with other agricultural inputs. Examples are given herein to streamline their development via synergistic interaction with compatible inputs such as chemicals and organic manure. Moreover, optimizing their delivery, interaction, and persistence under field conditions through novel ways such as the use of endophytic fungi and bacteria as well as bioactive molecules/nano-particles that have systemic activity in the nematode-infected plants should further be investigated and broadly disseminated.
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27
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Xian P, Cai Z, Cheng Y, Lin R, Lian T, Ma Q, Nian H. Wild Soybean Oxalyl-CoA Synthetase Degrades Oxalate and Affects the Tolerance to Cadmium and Aluminum Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8869. [PMID: 33238600 PMCID: PMC7700444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acyl activating enzyme 3 (AAE3) was identified as being involved in the acetylation pathway of oxalate degradation, which regulates the responses to biotic and abiotic stresses in various higher plants. Here, we investigated the role of Glycine sojaAAE3 (GsAAE3) in Cadmium (Cd) and Aluminum (Al) tolerances. The recombinant GsAAE3 protein showed high activity toward oxalate, with a Km of 105.10 ± 12.30 μM and Vmax of 12.64 ± 0.34 μmol min-1 mg-1 protein, suggesting that it functions as an oxalyl-CoA synthetase. The expression of a GsAAE3-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein in tobacco leaves did not reveal a specific subcellular localization pattern of GsAAE3. An analysis of the GsAAE3 expression pattern revealed an increase in GsAAE3 expression in response to Cd and Al stresses, and it is mainly expressed in root tips. Furthermore, oxalate accumulation induced by Cd and Al contributes to the inhibition of root growth in wild soybean. Importantly, GsAAE3 overexpression increases Cd and Al tolerances in A. thaliana and soybean hairy roots, which is associated with a decrease in oxalate accumulation. Taken together, our data provide evidence that the GsAAE3-encoded protein plays an important role in coping with Cd and Al stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiqi Xian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.L.); (Q.M.)
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhandong Cai
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.L.); (Q.M.)
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanbo Cheng
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.L.); (Q.M.)
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rongbin Lin
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.L.); (Q.M.)
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Tengxiang Lian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.L.); (Q.M.)
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qibin Ma
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.L.); (Q.M.)
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hai Nian
- The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.X.); (Z.C.); (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.L.); (Q.M.)
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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Atallah O, Yassin S. Aspergillus spp. eliminate Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by imbalancing the ambient oxalic acid concentration and parasitizing its sclerotia. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:5265-5279. [PMID: 32844537 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a pathogen of more than 600 host plants, secretes oxalic acid to regulate the ambient acidity and provide conducive environment for pathogenicity and reproduction. Few Aspergillus spp. were previously proposed as potential biocontrol agents for S. sclerotiorum as they deteriorate sclerotia and prevent pathogen's overwintering and initial infections. We studied the nature of physical and biochemical interactions between Aspergillus and Sclerotinia. Aspergillus species inhibited sclerotial germination as they colonized its rind layer. However, Aspergillus-infested sclerotia remain solid and viable for vegetative and carpogenic germination, indicating that Aspergillus infestation is superficial. Aspergillus spp. of section Nigri (Aspergillus japonicus and Aspergillus niger) were also capable of suppressing sclerotial formation by S. sclerotiorum on agar plates. Their culture filtrate contained high levels of oxalic, citric and glutaric acids comparing to the other Aspergillus spp. tested. Exogenous supplementation of oxalic acid altered growth and reproduction of S. sclerotiorum at low concentrations. Inhibitory concentrations of oxalic acid displayed lower pH values comparing to their parallel concentrations of other organic acids. Thus, S. sclerotiorum growth and reproduction are sensitive to the ambient oxalic acid fluctuations and the environmental acidity. Together, Aspergillus species parasitize colonies of Sclerotinia and prevent sclerotial formation through their acidic secretions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Atallah
- Department of Plant Pathology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Sherene Yassin
- Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, 12619, Egypt
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29
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Khan MR, Haque Z, Ahamad F, Zaidi B. Biomanagement of rice root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola using five indigenous microbial isolates under pot and field trials. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:424-438. [PMID: 32686259 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To ascertain the effectiveness of Aspergillus niger, Trichoderma harzianum, Pochonia chlamydosporia, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens against rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne graminicola, and to optimize their application methods. METHODS AND RESULTS The relative effectiveness of five indigenous biocontrol agents (BCA) against M. graminicola on rice cv. PS-5 was tested initially in pot culture. The BCAs, A. niger, P. chlamydosporia and P. fluorescens proved more effective, and significantly reduced the nematode disease. It is hypothesized that success of a biocontrol module may vary with the BCA and application methods. Hence, the effectiveness of the above three BCAs as well as seven different treatment schemes were evaluated in naturally infested farmer's fields during 2 consecutive years. In nematode-infested plots without any BCA treatments, terminal galls formed on the roots, and plants suffered a 19-31% decrease in the growth and yield. The treatments with P. chlamydosporia or A. niger through root-dip (RD) plus one soil application (SA) at 15 days after planting were found to be highly effective against the nematode. CONCLUSIONS Relatively greater nematode control was achieved with RD plus two SAs (15 + 30 DAP) but statistically the effect was on par with RD + one SA at 15 DAP. These treatments significantly reduced galling (22-25%), egg mass production (21-29%) and reproduction factor (63-70%) of M. graminicola, and subsequently increased the grain yield (11-21%). SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Application methods enhanced the effectiveness of BCAs against M. graminicola. The RD plus one SA at 15 DAP proved to be most effective treatment to control root-knot disease in rice. Use of multiple treatments (root dip and SA) appears cumbersome, but in view of effectiveness and limitation of chemical control in rice paddies, farmers may adopt the above module that may lead to 11-21% yield improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Khan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Z Haque
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - F Ahamad
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - B Zaidi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Trichoderma spp. against Phytopathogenic Bacteria and Root-Knot Nematode. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030401. [PMID: 32182971 PMCID: PMC7143365 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Losses in crops caused by plant pathogenic bacteria and parasitic nematode are increasing because of a decrease in efficacy of traditional management measures. There is an urgent need to develop nonchemical and ecofriendly based management to control plant diseases. A potential approach of controlling plant disease in the crops is the use of biocontrol agents and their secondary metabolites (SMs). Luckily fungi and especially the genus Trichoderma comprise a great number of fungal strains that are the potential producer of bioactive secondary metabolites. In this study secondary metabolites from ten Trichoderma spp. were evaluated for their antibacterial and nematicidal potential against phytopathogenic bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas compestris and plant parasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Five different growth media were evaluated for the production of SMs. It was shown that SMs of different Trichoderma spp. obtained on different growth media were different in the degree of their bioactivity. Comparison of five growth media showed that SMs produced on solid wheat and STP media gave higher antibacterial activity. SMs of T. pseudoharzianum (T113) obtained on solid wheat media were more effective against the studied bacteria followed by SMs from T. asperelloides (T136), T. pseudoharzianum (T129) and T. pseudoharzianum (T160). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was further conducted to observe the effect of SMs on bacterial cell morphology. As evident from the SEM, SMs produced severe morphological changes, such as rupturing of the bacterial cell walls, disintegration of cell membrane and cell content leaking out. SMs from T. viridae obtained on liquid STP and solid wheat media showed the highest percent of M. incognita juveniles (J2s) mortality and inhibition in egg hatching of M. incognita. The results of our study suggest that T. pseudoharzianum (T113) and T. viridae could be selected as an effective candidate for SMs source against phytopathogenic bacteria and M. incognita respectively.
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Xiang C, Liu Y, Liu SM, Huang YF, Kong LA, Peng H, Liu MY, Liu J, Peng DL, Huang WK. αβ-Dehydrocurvularin isolated from the fungus Aspergillus welwitschiae effectively inhibited the behaviour and development of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola in rice roots. BMC Microbiol 2020; 20:48. [PMID: 32126973 PMCID: PMC7055078 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-020-01738-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola has become a serious threat to rice production as a result of the cultivation changes from transplanting to direct seeding. The nematicidal activity of Aspergillus welwitschiae have been investigated in vitro, and the disease control efficacy of the active compound has been evaluated under greenhouse and field conditions. Results The active compound αβ-dehydrocurvularin (αβ-DC), isolated by nematicidal assay-directed fractionation, showed significant nematicidal activity against M. graminicola, with a median lethal concentration (LC50) value of 122.2 μg mL− 1. αβ-DC effectively decreased the attraction of rice roots to nematodes and the infection of nematodes and also suppressed the development of nematodes under greenhouse conditions. Moreover, αβ-DC efficiently reduced the root gall index under field conditions. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the nematicidal activity of αβ-DC against M. graminicola. The results obtained under greenhouse and field conditions provide a basis for developing commercial formulations from αβ-DC to control M. graminicola in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xiang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.,Bureau of Water Resource in Xingtang County, Shijiazhuang, 050600, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Fei Huang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling-An Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Mao-Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.,College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Liang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen-Kun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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Rajasekharan SK, Kim S, Kim JC, Lee J. Nematicidal activity of 5-iodoindole against root-knot nematodes. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 163:76-83. [PMID: 31973872 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Multi-drug resistance in nematodes is a serious problem as lately several resistant phenotypes have emerged following the intermittent usage of synthetic nematicides. Contemporary research continues to focus on developing and/or repurposing small molecule inhibitors that are eco-friendly. Here, we describe the repurposing of the indole derivative, 5-iodoindole, as a nematicide for the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. 5-Iodoindole effectively killed juveniles and freshly hatched juveniles by inducing multiple vacuole formation. Notably, at higher dosage (50 μg/mL), 5-iodoindole induced rapid juvenile death within 6 h. Microscopic analysis confirmed that the rapid death was due to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Computational docking attributed this ROS production to the antagonistic effect of 5-iodoindole on glutathione S-transferase (GST), which is known to play a critical role in the suppression of ROS in nematode models. Furthermore, 5-iodoindole also effectively reduced the gall formations and eggs masses of M. incognita on Solanum lycopersicum roots in pot experiments, and importantly it did not harm the physiological properties of the plant. Overall, the study provides valuable insights on the use of 5-iodoindole as an alternate measure to control root-knot nematodes. Overall, our findings suggest the efficacy of 5-iodoindole should be studied under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seulbi Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
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Labudda M, Różańska E, Prabucka B, Muszyńska E, Marecka D, Kozak M, Dababat AA, Sobczak M. Activity profiling of barley vacuolar processing enzymes provides new insights into the plant and cyst nematode interaction. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2020; 21:38-52. [PMID: 31605455 PMCID: PMC6913211 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs) play an important role during regular growth and development and defence responses. Despite substantial attempts to understand the molecular basis of plant-cyst nematode interaction, the mechanism of VPEs functioning during this interaction remains unknown. The second-stage Heterodera filipjevi juvenile penetrates host roots and induces the formation of a permanent feeding site called a syncytium. To investigate whether infection with H. filipjevi alters plant host VPEs, the studies were performed in Hordeum vulgare roots and leaves on the day of inoculation and at 7, 14 and 21 days post-inoculation (dpi). Implementing molecular, biochemical and microscopic methods we identified reasons for modulation of barley VPE activity during interaction with H. filipjevi. Heterodera filipjevi parasitism caused a general decrease of VPE activity in infected roots, but live imaging of VPEs showed that their activity is up-regulated in syncytia at 7 and 14 dpi and down-regulated at 21 dpi. These findings were accompanied by tissue-specific VPE gene expression patterns. Expression of the barley cystatin HvCPI-4 gene was stimulated in leaves but diminished in roots upon infestation. External application of cyclotides that can be produced naturally by VPEs elicits in pre-parasitic juveniles vesiculation of their body, enhanced formation of granules, induction of exploratory behaviour (stylet thrusts and head movements), production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and final death by methuosis. Taken together, down-regulation of VPE activity through nematode effectors promotes the nematode invasion rates and leads to avoidance of the induction of the plant proteolytic response and death of the invading juveniles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Labudda
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
| | - Elżbieta Różańska
- Department of Botany, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
| | - Beata Prabucka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
| | - Ewa Muszyńska
- Department of Botany, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
| | - Dorota Marecka
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
| | - Marcin Kozak
- Department of Botany, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)Soil Borne Pathogens ProgramP.K. 39 Emek06511AnkaraTurkey
| | - Mirosław Sobczak
- Department of Botany, Institute of BiologyWarsaw University of Life Sciences‐SGGWWarsawPoland
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Seo HJ, Park AR, Kim S, Yeon J, Yu NH, Ha S, Chang JY, Park HW, Kim JC. Biological Control of Root-Knot Nematodes by Organic Acid-Producing Lactobacillus brevis WiKim0069 Isolated from Kimchi. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 35:662-673. [PMID: 31832046 PMCID: PMC6901259 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.08.2019.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (RKNs) are among the most destructive plant-parasites worldwide, and RKN control has been attempted mainly using chemical nematicides. However, these chemical nematicides have negative effects on humans and the environment, thus necessitating the search for eco-friendly alternative RKN control methods. Here, we screened nematicidal lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from kimchi and evaluated their efficacy as biocontrol agents against RKNs. Of 237 bacterial strains, Lactobacillus brevis WiKim0069 showed the strongest nematicidal activity against the second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita, M. arenaria, and M. hapla and inhibited the egg hatch of M. incognita. The culture filtrate of WiKim0069 had a pH of 4.2 and contained acetic acid (11,190 μg/ml), lactic acid (7,790 μg/ml), malic acid (470 μg/ml), and succinic acid (660 μg/ml). An artificial mixture of the four organic acids produced by WiKim0069 also induced 98% M. incognita J2 mortality at a concentration of 1.25%, indicating that its nematicidal activity was derived mainly from the four organic acids. Application of WiKim0069 culture filtrate suppressed the formation of galls and egg masses on tomato roots by M. incognita in a dose-dependent manner in a pot experiment. The fermentation broth of WiKim0069 also reduced gall formation on melon under field conditions, with a higher efficacy (62.8%) than that of fosthiazate (32.8%). This study is the first report to identify the effectiveness of kimchi LAB against RKNs and to demonstrate that the organic acids produced by LAB can be used for the RKN management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Jeong Seo
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Ae Ran Park
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Seulbi Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Jehyeong Yeon
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Nan Hee Yu
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Sanghyun Ha
- R&D Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755,
Korea
| | - Ji Yoon Chang
- R&D Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755,
Korea
| | - Hae Woong Park
- R&D Division, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755,
Korea
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
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Liu MJ, Hwang BS, Jin CZ, Li WJ, Park DJ, Seo ST, Kim CJ. Screening, isolation and evaluation of a nematicidal compound from actinomycetes against the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:1585-1593. [PMID: 30461185 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a migratory endoparasitic nematode known to cause severe environmental damage and economic losses in pine forest ecosystems. This present study investigated the nematicidal metabolites of actinomycetes in vitro and evaluated the disease control efficacy of the active compound and metabolites under greenhouse and field conditions. RESULTS Five thousand types of actinobacteria from Korean forest soil samples were screened to identify novel nematicidal agents against the pine wood nematode. Streptomyces sp. AN091965 showed the strongest nematicidal activity. One active compound, spectinabilin, was obtained by nematicidal asssy-directed fractionation, and it showed significant nematicidal activity against B. xylophilus, with an LC50 value of 0.84 µg mL-1 . Spectinabilin effectively suppressed the development of pine wilt disease in 5-year-old Pinus densiflora trees, even at 0.9 mg per tree under greenhouse conditions. Moreover, the acetone extract of the active strain's mycelia efficiently suppressed the development of pine wilt disease under field conditions. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this the first report to describe the nematicidal activity of spectinabilin against B. xylophilus. The cell extracts described herein merit further field studies as potential nematicides against the pine wood nematode. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jiao Liu
- Industrial Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Byung-Soon Hwang
- Industrial Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chun-Zhi Jin
- Industrial Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
- Department of Bio-Molecular Science, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Jin Park
- Industrial Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sang-Tae Seo
- Division of Forest Diseases and Insect Pests, Korea Forest Research Institute, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang-Jin Kim
- Industrial Biomaterial Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, South Korea
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Rajasekharan SK, Lee JH, Ravichandran V, Kim JC, Park JG, Lee J. Nematicidal and insecticidal activities of halogenated indoles. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2010. [PMID: 30765810 PMCID: PMC6375993 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38561-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasite death via ion channel activations is the hallmark of anthelmintic and antiparasitic drugs. Glutamate gated chloride channel (GluCl) is a prominent targets for drug selection and design in parasitology. We report several iodine-fluorine based lead activators of GluCl by computational studies and structure-activity relationship analysis. 5-Fluoro-4-iodo-1H-pyrrolo [2, 3-b] pyridine and 5-iodoindole were bioactive hits that displayed in vitro anthelmintic and insecticidal activities against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Meloidogyne incognita, and Tenebrio molitor. Two important findings stood out: (i) 5F4IPP induced parasite death, and interacted proficiently with Gln219 amino acid of pentameric GluCl in docking analysis, and (ii) 5-iodoindole appeared to act by forming giant vacuoles in nematodes, which led to a form of non-apoptotic death known as methuosis. The study suggests halogenated-indoles and 1H-pyrrolo [2, 3-b] pyridine derivatives be regarded potential biocides for plant-parasitic nematodes and insects, and warrants further research on the mode of actions, and field investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin-Hyung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Vinothkannan Ravichandran
- Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Environmentally Friendly Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gyu Park
- Advanced Bio Convergence Center, Pohang Technopark Foundation, Pohang, 37668, Republic of Korea
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Jin N, Liu SM, Peng H, Huang WK, Kong LA, Wu YH, Chen YP, Ge FY, Jian H, Peng DL. Isolation and characterization of Aspergillus niger NBC001 underlying suppression against Heterodera glycines. Sci Rep 2019; 9:591. [PMID: 30679719 PMCID: PMC6345943 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterodera glycines is the most pervasive soybean pests worldwide. Biocontrol provides a strategy to sustainably control nematodes. In this study, 22 fungal isolates were obtained and identified from cysts of Heterodera spp. Among them, Aspergillus niger NBC001 showed high nematicidal activity against H. glycines. The 2-fold dilution of NBC001 culture filtrate caused 89% mortality of second-stage juveniles and inhibited more than 98% of egg hatching in vitro. In both pot and field experiments, the numbers of H. glycines cysts in soybean seedlings dressed with the the 5-fold concentrated culture filtrate of NBC001 were significantly reduced by 43% and 28%, respectively. In addition, application of NBC001 remarkably reduced the penetration of nematodes into the roots. Histochemical and fluorometric staining analyses indicate that application of NBC001 stimulated hydrogen peroxide activity in the roots and triggered callose deposition in the leaves and roots. Transcription of the PR1a and EREBP genes in the salicylic acid and ethylene signaling pathways was upregulated in soybean plants treated with NBC001. However, the application of concentrated culture filtrate of NBC001 had no significant impacts on the soil microbial community based on next generation DNA sequencing technology. In summary, NBC001 may be a good biocontrol agent against H. glycines via stimulation of the immunity/defense of the plant host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Kun Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-An Kong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Huan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Pan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Yong Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Heng Jian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - De-Liang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Effective approach to organic acid production from agricultural kimchi cabbage waste and its potential application. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0207801. [PMID: 30458042 PMCID: PMC6245790 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The biotransformation of agricultural waste into valuable chemicals represents a promising approach in the field of biorefining. Herein, a general but highly efficient and robust process is reported for the production of organic acid from kimchi cabbage waste using lactic acid bacteria. The organic acid produced was tested for efficacy as a biological control agent. Lactobacillus sakei WiKim31 and L. curvatus WiKim38 could efficiently produce organic acids including lactic acid (12.1 and 12.7 g/L), fumaric acid (7.4 and 7.1 g/L), and acetic acid (4.5 and 4.6 g/L) from kimchi cabbage waste (3% substrate loading, w/v) by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation processes for 48 h, and the culture filtrate induced complete mortality of J2s Meloidogyne incognita at 2.5% concentration. These results suggested that lactic acid bacteria L. sakei WiKim31 and L. curvatus WiKim38 can efficiently produce organic acids, and the culture filtrate can be applied as a microbial nematicide.
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Nam HS, Anderson AJ, Kim YC. Biocontrol Efficacy of Formulated Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 against Plant Diseases and Root-Knot Nematodes. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 34:241-249. [PMID: 29887780 PMCID: PMC5985650 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.nt.12.2017.0264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Commercial biocontrol of microbial plant diseases and plant pests, such as nematodes, requires field-effective formulations. The isolate Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 is a Gram-negative bacterium that controls microbial plant pathogens both directly and indirectly. This bacterium also has nematocidal activity. In this study, we report on the efficacy of a wettable powder-type formulation of P. chlororaphis O6. Culturable bacteria in the formulated product were retained at above 1 × 108 colony forming units/g after storage of the powder at 25 °C for six months. Foliar application of the diluted formulated product controlled leaf blight and gray mold in tomato. The product also displayed preventative and curative controls for root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) in tomato. Under laboratory conditions and for commercially grown melon, the control was at levels comparable to that of a standard commercial chemical nematicide. The results indicated that the wettable powder formulation product of P. chlororaphis O6 can be used for control of plant microbial pathogens and root-knot nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Song Nam
- Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation, BioControl Research Center, Gokseong 57510,
Korea
| | - Anne J. Anderson
- Department of Biological Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-4105,
USA
| | - Young Cheol Kim
- Department of Applied Biology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
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Kang BR, Anderson AJ, Kim YC. Hydrogen Cyanide Produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6 Exhibits Nematicidal Activity against Meloidogyne hapla. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 34:35-43. [PMID: 29422786 PMCID: PMC5796748 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.06.2017.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are parasites that attack many field crops and orchard trees, and affect both the quantity and quality of the products. A root-colonizing bacterium, Pseudomonas chlororaphis O6, possesses beneficial traits including strong nematicidal activity. To determine the molecular mechanisms involved in the nematicidal activity of P. chlororaphis O6, we constructed two mutants; one lacking hydrogen cyanide production, and a second lacking an insecticidal toxin, FitD. Root drenching with wild-type P. chlororaphis O6 cells caused juvenile mortality in vitro and in planta. Efficacy was not altered in the fitD mutant compared to the wild-type but was reduced in both bioassays for the mutant lacking hydrogen cyanide production. The reduced number of galls on tomato plants caused by the wild-type strain was comparable to that of a standard chemical nematicide. These findings suggest that hydrogen cyanide-producing root colonizers, such as P. chlororaphis O6, could be formulated as "green" nematicides that are compatible with many crops and offer agricultural sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom Ryong Kang
- Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Anne J. Anderson
- Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322-5305,
USA
| | - Young Cheol Kim
- Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
- Corresponding author. Phone) +82-62-530-2071, FAX) +82-62-530-0208, E-mail)
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Kantor M, Levi A, Thies J, Guner N, Kantor C, Parnham S, Boroujerdi A. NMR Analysis Reveals a Wealth of Metabolites in Root-Knot Nematode Resistant Roots of Citrullus amarus Watermelon Plants. J Nematol 2018; 50:303-316. [PMID: 30451416 PMCID: PMC6909326 DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2018-030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrullus amarus ( CA ) (previously known as Citrullus lanatus var. citroides ) accessions collected in southern Africa are known to have resistance to root-knot nematodes (RKN) and are suitable rootstocks for grafted watermelon. The objective of this study was to conduct a comparative metabolomics analysis and identify unique metabolites in roots of CA accessions versus roots of watermelon cultivars ( Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai var. lanatus; CL ). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology and principal component analysis (PCA) were used to analyze and compare metabolic profiles of seven CA accessions resistant to RKN along with two RKN-susceptible watermelon cultivars (Charleston Gray and Crimson Sweet). Calculation of the Mahalanobis distance revealed that the CA United States Plant Introduction (PI) 189225 (Line number 1832) and PI 482324 (1849) have the most distinct metabolic profiles compared with the watermelon cultivars Charleston Gray and Crimson Sweet, respectively. Several amino acids identified in the CA accessions were reported in previous studies to have a nematicidal effect. The results in this study indicate that roots of watermelon accessions collected in the wild are rich in metabolic compounds. These metabolic compounds may have been diminished in watermelon cultivars as a consequence of many years of cultivation and selection for desirable fruit qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihail Kantor
- Claflin University, 898 Goff Ave., Orangeburg, SC 29115
- USDA, ARS, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414
| | - Amnon Levi
- USDA, ARS, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414
| | - Judith Thies
- USDA, ARS, U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414
| | - Nihat Guner
- Sakata Seed America, 18095 Serene Drive Morgan Hill, CA 95037
| | - Camelia Kantor
- USGIF, 2325 Dulles Corner Blvd, Suite 450, Herndon, VA 20171
| | - Stuart Parnham
- Marine Biochemical Sciences Hollings Marine Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology, 331 Fort Johnson Road, Charleston, SC 29412
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Process development of oxalic acid production in submerged culture of Aspergillus niger F22 and its biocontrol efficacy against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2017; 41:345-352. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-017-1867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rajasekharan SK, Lee JH, Ravichandran V, Lee J. Assessments of iodoindoles and abamectin as inducers of methuosis in pinewood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6803. [PMID: 28754990 PMCID: PMC5533787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a quarantined migratory endoparasite known to cause severe economic losses in pine forest ecosystems. The study presents the nematicidal effects of halogenated indoles on B. xylophilus and their action mechanisms. 5-Iodoindole and abamectin (positive control) at low concentration (10 µg/mL) presented similar and high nematicidal activities against B. xylophilus. 5-Iodoindole diminished fecundity, reproductive activities, embryonic and juvenile lethality and locomotor behaviors. Molecular interactions of ligands with invertebrate-specific glutamate gated chloride channel receptor reinforced the notion that 5-iodoindole, like abamectin, rigidly binds to the active sites of the receptor. 5-Iodoindole also induced diverse phenotypic deformities in nematodes including abnormal organ disruption/shrinkage and increased vacuolization. These findings suggest the prospective role of vacuoles in nematode death by methuosis. Importantly, 5-iodoindole was nontoxic to two plants, Brassica oleracea and Raphanus raphanistrum. Henceforth, the study warrants the application of iodoindoles in ecological environments to control the devastating pine destruction by B. xylophilus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jin-Hyung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Vinothkannan Ravichandran
- Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Tabatabaei FS, Saeedizadeh A. Rhizobacteria cooperative effect against Meloidogyne javanica in rhizosphere of legume seedlings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/hppj-2017-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Root-knot nematodes are major pests of legume fields in Iran. This research evaluated the effect of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli and Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 (stand alone and combination treatment) on galling and reproduction of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica, in legum (chickpea, bean, lentil, pea) seedling rhizosphere, and the growth properties of the host plants. The legumes seeds were sown in 1kg sterilized sandy loam soil. Inocula were 5 J2/g of soil, in the case of the nematode, while considering the bacteria 1×107 cfu/kg soil. A treatment of nematicide (cadusafos) was performed, as a commonly used nematicide in Iran, at 2g/kg soil. Two months after inoculation, the following parameters were recorded: the number of knots, egg masses and reproduction factor of the nematode, bacterial nodules per root, and growth properties of seedlings in the treatments (control, nematode, nematode+nematicide, and nematode+rhizobacteria). The greatest bacterial effect on the control of the nematode was observed in the rhizosphere of the bean treatments. Inoculation with Rhizobium in the soil decreased the galling on the legumes’ roots, and the combined inoculation with Pseudomonas and Rhizobium resulted in a higher decrease of the galling.
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Affiliation(s)
- F.-S. Tabatabaei
- Senior Expert, Center of Agricultural Research, Pishva, Varamin, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of)
| | - A. Saeedizadeh
- Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultura, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran (Islamic Republic of)
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