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Bodun DS, Omoboyowa DA, Omotuyi OI, Olugbogi EA, Balogun TA, Ezeh CJ, Omirin ES. QSAR-based virtual screening of traditional Chinese medicine for the identification of mitotic kinesin Eg5 inhibitors. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 104:107865. [PMID: 37062146 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell division is a crucial process for the growth and development of all living organisms. Unfortunately, uncontrolled cell division and growth is a hallmark of cancer, leading to the formation of tumors. The Human Eg5 protein, also known as the mitotic kinesin Eg5, plays a vital role in the regulation of cell division and its dysfunction has been linked to cancer development. This study aimed to identify new inhibitors of the Human Eg5 protein. Over 2000 Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) compounds were screened through a combination of virtual and structure-based screening methods. The top five compounds (Compounds 1-5) showed improved binding affinity to Human Eg5 compared to the standard drug Monastrol, as demonstrated by docking and MMGBSA scores, as well as interactions with key amino acids GLY 116 and GLY 118. The potential absorption and bioactivity of these compounds were also predicted through ADMET properties and a QSAR model, respectively, and showed improved results compared to the standard. Further quantum mechanics docking confirmed the better binding affinity of the lead compound, Compound 1. Our findings highlight Compound 1-5 as promising hits for inhibiting Human Eg5 and the need for experimental validation of their potential in treating cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damilola S Bodun
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria.
| | - Damilola A Omoboyowa
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Olaposi I Omotuyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Afe Babalola University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Ezekiel A Olugbogi
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Toheeb A Balogun
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Chiamaka J Ezeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Micheal Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel S Omirin
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
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She ZY, Zhong N, Yu KW, Xiao Y, Wei YL, Lin Y, Li YL, Lu MH. Kinesin-5 Eg5 is essential for spindle assembly and chromosome alignment of mouse spermatocytes. Cell Div 2020; 15:6. [PMID: 32165913 PMCID: PMC7060529 DOI: 10.1186/s13008-020-00063-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Microtubule organization is essential for bipolar spindle assembly and chromosome segregation, which contribute to genome stability. Kinesin-5 Eg5 is known to be a crucial regulator in centrosome separation and spindle assembly in mammalian somatic cells, however, the functions and mechanisms of Eg5 in male meiotic cell division remain largely unknown. Results In this study, we have found that Eg5 proteins are expressed in mouse spermatogonia, spermatocytes and spermatids. After Eg5 inhibition by specific inhibitors Monastrol, STLC and Dimethylenastron, the meiotic spindles of dividing spermatocytes show spindle collapse and the defects in bipolar spindle formation. We demonstrate that Eg5 regulates spindle bipolarity and the maintenance of meiotic spindles in meiosis. Eg5 inhibition leads to monopolar spindles, spindle abnormalities and chromosome misalignment in cultured GC-2 spd cells. Furthermore, Eg5 inhibition results in the decrease of the spermatids and the abnormalities in mature sperms. Conclusions Our results have revealed an important role of kinesin-5 Eg5 in male meiosis and the maintenance of male fertility. We demonstrate that Eg5 is crucial for bipolar spindle assembly and chromosome alignment in dividing spermatocytes. Our data provide insights into the functions of Eg5 in meiotic spindle assembly of dividing spermatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu She
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 Fujian China.,Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, 350122 Fujian China
| | - Ning Zhong
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 Fujian China
| | - Kai-Wei Yu
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 Fujian China
| | - Yu Xiao
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 Fujian China
| | - Ya-Lan Wei
- Fujian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China.,4Fujian Provincial Children's Hospital, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001 Fujian China
| | - Yang Lin
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 Fujian China
| | - Yue-Ling Li
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 Fujian China
| | - Ming-Hui Lu
- 1Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 Fujian China
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Diao J, Zhang C, Zhang D, Wang X, Zhang J, Ma C, Deng K, Jiang T, Jia W, Xu T. Role and mechanisms of a three-dimensional bioprinted microtissue model in promoting proliferation and invasion of growth-hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma cells. Biofabrication 2019; 11:025006. [PMID: 30537696 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/aaf7ea] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Growth-hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHSPA) is a benign tumour with a high incidence and large economic burden, which greatly affects quality of life. The aetiological factors are yet to be clarified for GHSPA. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture of tumour cells cannot ideally reflect the growth status of tumours in the physiological environment, and insufficiencies of in vitro models have severely restricted the progress of cancer research. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting technology is being increasingly used in various fields of biology and medicine, which allows recapitulation of the in vivo growth environment of tumour cells. In this study, a GHSPA microtissue model was established using 3D bioprinting. Tumour cells in the 3D environment exhibited more active cell cycle progression, secretion, proliferation, invasion, and tumourigenesis compared with those in the 2D environment. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of the 3D-printed microtissue model were explored. We demonstrated that the 3D-printed microtissue provides an excellent in vitro model at the tissue level for oncological research and may facilitate in-depth studies on the aetiology, treatment, drug resistance, and long-term prognosis of GHSPA .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfu Diao
- Neurosurgical Department, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China. Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, 6 Tiantan Xili, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
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Ilan Y. Microtubules: From understanding their dynamics to using them as potential therapeutic targets. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7923-7937. [PMID: 30536951 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microtubules (MT) and actin microfilaments are dynamic cytoskeleton components involved in a range of intracellular processes. MTs play a role in cell division, beating of cilia and flagella, and intracellular transport. Over the past decades, much knowledge has been gained regarding MT function and structure, and its role in underlying disease progression. This makes MT potential therapeutic targets for various disorders. Disturbances in MT and their associated proteins are the underlying cause of diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, cancer, and several genetic diseases. Some of the advances in the field of MT research, as well as the potenti G beta gamma, is needed al uses of MT-targeting agents in various conditions have been reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaron Ilan
- Department of Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Li L, Zhang C, Chen JL, Hong FF, Chen P, Wang JF. Effects of simulated microgravity on the expression profiles of RNA during osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Cell Prolif 2018; 52:e12539. [PMID: 30397970 PMCID: PMC6496301 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Exposure to microgravity induces many adaptive and pathological changes in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs). However, the underlying mechanisms of these changes are poorly understood. We revealed the gene expression patterns of hBMSCs under normal ground (NG) and simulated microgravity (SMG), which showed an interpretation for these changes by gene regulation and signal pathways analysis. Materials and methods In this study, hBMSCs were osteogenically induced for 0, 2, 7 and 14 days under normal ground gravity and simulated microgravity, followed by analysis of the differences in transcriptome expression during osteogenic differentiation by RNA sequencing and some experimental verification for these results. Results The results indicated that 837, 399 and 894 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in 2, 7 and 14 days samples, respectively, out of which 13 genes were selected for qRT‐PCR analysis to confirm the RNA‐sequencing results. After analysis, we found that proliferation was inhibited in the early stage of induction. In the middle stage, osteogenic differentiation was inhibited, whereas adipogenic differentiation benefited from SMG. Moreover, SMG resulted in the up‐regulation of genes specific for tumorigenesis in the later stage. Conclusion Our data revealed that SMG inhibits the proliferation and inhibits the differentiation towards osteoblasts but promotes adipogenesis. SMG also selects highly tumorigenic cells for survival under prolonged SMG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Institute of Cell and Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Institute of Cell and Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Ling Chen
- Institute of Cell and Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan-Fan Hong
- Institute of Cell and Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Departments of Cell Biology and Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jin-Fu Wang
- Institute of Cell and Development Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Reinemann DN, Sturgill EG, Das DK, Degen MS, Vörös Z, Hwang W, Ohi R, Lang MJ. Collective Force Regulation in Anti-parallel Microtubule Gliding by Dimeric Kif15 Kinesin Motors. Curr Biol 2017; 27:2810-2820.e6. [PMID: 28918951 PMCID: PMC5909953 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
During cell division, the mitotic kinesin-5 Eg5 generates most of the force required to separate centrosomes during spindle assembly. However, Kif15, another mitotic kinesin, can replace Eg5 function, permitting mammalian cells to acquire resistance to Eg5 poisons. Unlike Eg5, the mechanism by which Kif15 generates centrosome separation forces is unknown. Here we investigated the mechanical properties and force generation capacity of Kif15 at the single-molecule level using optical tweezers. We found that the non-motor microtubule-binding tail domain interacts with the microtubule's E-hook tail with a rupture force higher than the stall force of the motor. This allows Kif15 dimers to productively and efficiently generate forces that could potentially slide microtubules apart. Using an in vitro optical trapping and fluorescence assay, we found that Kif15 slides anti-parallel microtubules apart with gradual force buildup while parallel microtubule bundles remain stationary with a small amount of antagonizing force generated. A stochastic simulation shows the essential role of Kif15's tail domain for load storage within the Kif15-microtubule system. These results suggest a mechanism for how Kif15 rescues bipolar spindle assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana N Reinemann
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Emma G Sturgill
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Dibyendu Kumar Das
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Miriam Steiner Degen
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna Vörös
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA
| | - Wonmuk Hwang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; School of Computational Sciences, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul 02455, South Korea
| | - Ryoma Ohi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and LSI, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2216, USA.
| | - Matthew J Lang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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