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Martínez-Pacheco H, Zepeda RC, Picazo O, Quirarte GL, Roldán-Roldán G. Class I histone deacetylases inhibition reverses memory impairment induced by acute stress in mice. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302374. [PMID: 38635564 PMCID: PMC11025869 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
While chronic stress induces learning and memory impairments, acute stress may facilitate or prevent memory consolidation depending on whether it occurs during the learning event or before it, respectively. On the other hand, it has been shown that histone acetylation regulates long-term memory formation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two inhibitors of class I histone deacetylases (HDACs), 4-phenylbutyrate (PB) and IN14 (100 mg/kg/day, ip for 2 days), on memory performance in mice exposed to a single 15-min forced swimming stress session. Plasma corticosterone levels were determined 30 minutes after acute swim stress in one group of mice. In another experimental series, independent groups of mice were trained in one of three different memory tasks: Object recognition test, Elevated T maze, and Buried food location test. Subsequently, the hippocampi were removed to perform ELISA assays for histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) expression. Acute stress induced an increase in plasma corticosterone levels, as well as hippocampal HDAC2 content, along with an impaired performance in memory tests. Moreover, PB and IN14 treatment prevented memory loss in stressed mice. These findings suggest that HDAC2 is involved in acute stress-induced cognitive impairment. None of the drugs improved memory in non-stressed animals, indicating that HDACs inhibitors are not cognitive boosters, but rather potentially useful drugs for mitigating memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidy Martínez-Pacheco
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | | | - Ofir Picazo
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gina L. Quirarte
- Departamento de Neurobiología Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla, Querétaro, México
| | - Gabriel Roldán-Roldán
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Conductual, Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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Feng Y, Qin J, Lu Y, Wang M, Wang S, Luo F. Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid attenuates cognitive impairment in offspring caused by maternal surgery during mid-pregnancy. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295096. [PMID: 38551911 PMCID: PMC10980197 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Some pregnant women have to experience non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy under general anesthesia. Our previous studies showed that maternal exposure to sevoflurane, isoflurane, propofol, and ketamine causes cognitive deficits in offspring. Histone acetylation has been implicated in synaptic plasticity. Propofol is commonly used in non-obstetric procedures on pregnant women. Previous studies in our laboratory showed that maternal propofol exposure in pregnancy impairs learning and memory in offspring by disturbing histone acetylation. The present study aims to investigate whether HDAC inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) could attenuate learning and memory deficits in offspring caused by maternal surgery under propofol anesthesia during mid-pregnancy. Maternal rats were exposed to propofol or underwent abdominal surgery under propofol anesthesia during middle pregnancy. The learning and memory abilities of the offspring rats were assessed using the Morris water maze (MWM) test. The protein levels of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), phosphorylated cAMP response-element binding (p-CREB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and phosphorylated tyrosine kinase B (p-TrkB) in the hippocampus of the offspring rats were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and western blot. Hippocampal neuroapoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. Our results showed that maternal propofol exposure during middle pregnancy impaired the water-maze learning and memory of the offspring rats, increased the protein level of HDAC2 and reduced the protein levels of p-CREB, BDNF and p-TrkB in the hippocampus of the offspring, and such effects were exacerbated by surgery. SAHA alleviated the cognitive dysfunction and rescued the changes in the protein levels of p-CREB, BDNF and p-TrkB induced by maternal propofol exposure alone or maternal propofol exposure plus surgery. Therefore, SAHA could be a potential and promising agent for treating the learning and memory deficits in offspring caused by maternal nonobstetric surgery under propofol anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlin Feng
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jia Qin
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanfei Lu
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mengdie Wang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengqiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yichun People’s Hospital, Yichun, China
| | - Foquan Luo
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Rodrigues SD, da Silva MLS, Martins LZ, Gomes SEB, Mariani NAP, Silva EJR, Kushima H, Mattos BR, Rizzi E, Dias-Junior CA. Pregnancy hypertension-associated endothelial dysfunction is attenuated by isoflurane anesthesia: Evidence of protective effect related to increases in nitric oxide. Life Sci 2023; 331:122039. [PMID: 37648198 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Pregnancy hypertension-induced endothelial dysfunction associated with impairment of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and hemodynamic derangements is a challenging for urgent procedures requiring maternal anesthesia. The volatile anesthetic isoflurane has demonstrated NO-associated protective effects. However, this isoflurane-induced effect is still unclear in pregnancy hypertension. Therefore, the present study examined the potential protective effects of isoflurane anesthesia on endothelial dysfunction and hemodynamic changes induced by hypertensive pregnancy associated with fetal and placental growth restrictions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were distributed into four groups: normotensive pregnant rats (Preg), anesthetized pregnant rats (Preg+Iso), hypertensive pregnant rats (HTN-Preg), and anesthetized hypertensive pregnant rats (HTN-Preg+Iso). Systolic and diastolic pressures, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, fetal and placental weights, vascular contraction, endothelium-derived NO-dependent vasodilation, and NO levels were assessed. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) Serine (1177) phosphorylation (p-eNOS) expression were also examined. KEY FINDINGS Isoflurane produced more expressive hypotensive effects in the HTN-Preg+Iso versus Preg+Iso group, with respective reductions in MAP by 50 ± 13 versus 25 ± 4 mmHg (P < 0.05). Also, HTN-Preg+Iso compared to the HTN-Preg group showed (respectively) preventions against the weight loss of the fetuses (4.0 ± 0.6 versus 2.8 ± 0.6 g, P < 0.05) and placentas (0.37 ± 0.06 versus 0.30 ± 0.06 mg, P < 0.05), hyper-reactive vasocontraction response (1.8 ± 0.4 versus 2.8 ± 0.6 g, P < 0.05), impaired endothelium-derived NO-dependent vasodilation (84 ± 8 versus 50 ± 17 %, P < 0.05), reduced VEGF levels (147 ± 46 versus 25 ± 13 pg/mL, P < 0.05), and decreased p-eNOS expression (0.24 ± 0.07 versus 0.09 ± 0.05 arbitrary units, P < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Isoflurane anesthesia protects maternal endothelial function in pregnancy hypertension, and possibly endothelium-derived NO is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serginara David Rodrigues
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Santos da Silva
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Laisla Zanetoni Martins
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Sáskia Estela Biasotti Gomes
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Noemia A P Mariani
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Erick J R Silva
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélio Kushima
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Rahal Mattos
- Unit of Biotechnology, University of Ribeirao Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Elen Rizzi
- Unit of Biotechnology, University of Ribeirao Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alan Dias-Junior
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil.
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Bleeser T, Brenders A, Hubble TR, Van de Velde M, Deprest J, Rex S, Devroe S. Preclinical evidence for anaesthesia-induced neurotoxicity. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Piel S, Janowska JI, Ward JL, McManus MJ, Jose JS, Starr J, Sheldon M, Clayman CL, Elmér E, Hansson MJ, Jang DH, Karlsson M, Ehinger JK, Kilbaugh TJ. Succinate prodrugs in combination with atropine and pralidoxime protect cerebral mitochondrial function in a rodent model of acute organophosphate poisoning. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20329. [PMID: 36434021 PMCID: PMC9700731 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24472-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides account for hundreds of millions of cases of acute poisoning worldwide each year, with organophosphates (OPs) being responsible for the majority of all pesticide-related deaths. OPs inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which leads to impairment of the central- and peripheral nervous system. Current standard of care (SOC) alleviates acute neurologic-, cardiovascular- and respiratory symptoms and reduces short term mortality. However, survivors often demonstrate significant neurologic sequelae. This highlights the critical need for further development of adjunctive therapies with novel targets. While the inhibition of AChE is thought to be the main mechanism of injury, mitochondrial dysfunction and resulting metabolic crisis may contribute to the overall toxicity of these agents. We hypothesized that the mitochondrially targeted succinate prodrug NV354 would support mitochondrial function and reduce brain injury during acute intoxication with the OP diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). To this end, we developed a rat model of acute DFP intoxication and evaluated the efficacy of NV354 as adjunctive therapy to SOC treatment with atropine and pralidoxime. We demonstrate that NV354, in combination with atropine and pralidoxime therapy, significantly improved cerebral mitochondrial complex IV-linked respiration and reduced signs of brain injury in a rodent model of acute DFP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Piel
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Joanna I. Janowska
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - J. Laurenson Ward
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Meagan J. McManus
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Joshua S. Jose
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Jonathan Starr
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Malkah Sheldon
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Carly L. Clayman
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Eskil Elmér
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden ,Abliva AB, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus J. Hansson
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden ,Abliva AB, Lund, Sweden
| | - David H. Jang
- grid.25879.310000 0004 1936 8972Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Michael Karlsson
- grid.475435.4Department of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johannes K. Ehinger
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden ,grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Todd J. Kilbaugh
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Resuscitation Science Center of Emphasis, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA ,grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
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Chen Z, Yang Y, Han Y, Wang X. Neuroprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Senegenin, an Effective Compound Originated From the Roots of Polygala Tenuifolia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:937333. [PMID: 35924058 PMCID: PMC9341472 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.937333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Senegenin is the main bioactive ingredient isolated from the dried roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. In recent years, senegenin has been proved to possess a variety of pharmacological activities, such as anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis, enhancement of cognitive function. Besides, it has a good development prospect for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, depression, osteoporosis, cognitive dysfunction, ischemia-reperfusion injury and other diseases. However, there is no systematic literature that fully demonstrates the pharmacological effects of senegenin. In order to meet the needs of new drug research and precise medication, this review summarized the neuroprotective effects, mechanisms and gastrointestinal toxicity of senegenin based on the literatures published from the past 2 decades. In addition, an in-depth analysis of the existing problems in the current research as well as the future research directions have been conducted in order to provide a basis for the clinical application of this important plant extract.
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Liu YF, Hu R, Zhang LF, Fan Y, Xiao JF, Liao XZ. Effects of dexmedetomidine on cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation via the HDAC2/HIF-1α/PFKFB3 axis in a murine model of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23044. [PMID: 35499365 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) may be a useful approach in the treatment of disorders characterized by cognitive dysfunction. Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α2-adrenoceptor (α2-AR) agonist, has demonstrated neuroprotective effects. Here, we attempted to investigate the protective effects of DEX on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) involving HDAC2. Male C57BL/6 mice were selected to develop a POCD model, where HDAC2, HIF-1α, and PFKFB3 expression was quantified. DEX was administered before POCD modeling. Then the cognitive function of POCD mice was evaluated with the open field and Y-maze tests. Meanwhile, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was employed to induce BV-2 microglial cells to simulate the inflammatory response. The contents of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in mouse serum and BV-2 cell supernatant. Abundant expression of HDAC2, HIF-1α, and PFKFB3 was confirmed in POCD mice (p < 0.05). Cognitive dysfunction in POCD mice could be alleviated following pharmacological inhibition of HDAC2 by FK228 (p < 0.05). Mechanistically, HDAC2 upregulated HIF-1α and PFKFB3 and promoted the secretion of inflammatory factors in LPS-exposed BV-2 cells (p < 0.05). DEX attenuated neuroinflammation and the resulting cognitive dysfunction by decreasing HDAC2 expression and HIF-1α-dependent PFKFB3 upregulation in POCD mice (p < 0.05). In conclusion, DEX-regulated HDAC2 may play an inhibitory role in mice with POCD through regulation of the HIF-1α/PFKFB3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, 904th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of the PLA, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Rui Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, 904th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of the PLA, Wuxi, P. R. China.,School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, P. R. China
| | - Long-Fei Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, 904th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of the PLA, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, 904th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of the PLA, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Feng Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, 904th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of the PLA, Wuxi, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Zhi Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, 904th Hospital of The Joint Logistics Support Force of the PLA, Wuxi, P. R. China
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Abstract
Neuroepigenetics, a new branch of epigenetics, plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. Neuroepigenetics is associated with holistic neuronal function and helps in formation and maintenance of memory and learning processes. This includes neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative defects in which histone modification enzymes appear to play a crucial role. These modifications, carried out by acetyltransferases and deacetylases, regulate biologic and cellular processes such as apoptosis and autophagy, inflammatory response, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell-cycle progression and oxidative stress. Alterations in acetylation status of histone as well as non-histone substrates lead to transcriptional deregulation. Histone deacetylase decreases acetylation status and causes transcriptional repression of regulatory genes involved in neural plasticity, synaptogenesis, synaptic and neural plasticity, cognition and memory, and neural differentiation. Transcriptional deactivation in the brain results in development of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Mounting evidence implicates histone deacetylase inhibitors as potential therapeutic targets to combat neurologic disorders. Recent studies have targeted naturally-occurring biomolecules and micro-RNAs to improve cognitive defects and memory. Multi-target drug ligands targeting HDAC have been developed and used in cell-culture and animal-models of neurologic disorders to ameliorate synaptic and cognitive dysfunction. Herein, we focus on the implications of histone deacetylase enzymes in neuropathology, their regulation of brain function and plausible involvement in the pathogenesis of neurologic defects.
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9
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Zuo Y, Chang Y, Thirupathi A, Zhou C, Shi Z. Prenatal sevoflurane exposure: Effects of iron metabolic dysfunction on offspring cognition and potential mechanism. Int J Dev Neurosci 2020; 81:1-9. [PMID: 33259670 DOI: 10.1002/jdn.10080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, the neurotoxicity caused by anesthetics in mammalian brain development has gained increasing attention. Exposure to anesthetics leads to neurotoxicity and apoptosis of nerve cells, which in turn induces cognitive dysfunction. Although most of the data came from animal studies, general anesthetics have been shown to have adverse effects on cognitive function in infants and young children in recent years. This concern has led to a number of retrospective studies that observed an association between general anesthesia in pregnant women and neurobehavioral problems in fetuses or offspring. Every year, many pregnant women undergo non-obstetric anesthesia due to various reasons such as traffic accidents, fetal interventions, acute appendicitis, symptomatic cholelithiasis, and trauma. A matter of concern for these pregnant women is whether anesthesia has a detrimental effect on fetal brain development in the womb and whether the fetus has cognitive impairment after birth. In humans, the association of anesthetic exposure in infants with the long-term impairment of neurologic functions has been reported in several retrospective clinical studies. Recently, we have found that sevoflurane anesthesia during pregnancy in mice-induced cognitive impairment in the offspring by causing iron deficiency and inhibiting myelinogenesis. Sevoflurane is a commonly used general anesthetic in the hospitals, which can induce neurotoxicity and cause cognitive impairment in fetuses, infants, children, and adults. However, the exact mechanism of sevoflurane-induced damage to the central nervous system (CNS) is not fully understood. Based on our recent results, this paper reviewed the effects of sevoflurane on cognitive impairment and pathological changes such as neurogenesis, neuronal apoptosis, and iron metabolism dysfunction in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zuo
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanzhong Chang
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Changhao Zhou
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhenhua Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Iron Metabolism, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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10
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Martynyuk AE, Ju LS, Morey TE, Zhang JQ. Neuroendocrine, epigenetic, and intergenerational effects of general anesthetics. World J Psychiatry 2020; 10:81-94. [PMID: 32477904 PMCID: PMC7243620 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v10.i5.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The progress of modern medicine would be impossible without the use of general anesthetics (GAs). Despite advancements in refining anesthesia approaches, the effects of GAs are not fully reversible upon GA withdrawal. Neurocognitive deficiencies attributed to GA exposure may persist in neonates or endure for weeks to years in the elderly. Human studies on the mechanisms of the long-term adverse effects of GAs are needed to improve the safety of general anesthesia but they are hampered not only by ethical limitations specific to human research, but also by a lack of specific biological markers that can be used in human studies to safely and objectively study such effects. The latter can primarily be attributed to an insufficient understanding of the full range of the biological effects induced by GAs and the molecular mechanisms mediating such effects even in rodents, which are far more extensively studied than any other species. Our most recent experimental findings in rodents suggest that GAs may adversely affect many more people than is currently anticipated. Specifically, we have shown that anesthesia with the commonly used GA sevoflurane induces in exposed animals not only neuroendocrine abnormalities (somatic effects), but also epigenetic reprogramming of germ cells (germ cell effects). The latter may pass the neurobehavioral effects of parental sevoflurane exposure to the offspring, who may be affected even at levels of anesthesia that are not harmful to the exposed parents. The large number of patients who require general anesthesia, the even larger number of their future unexposed offspring whose health may be affected, and a growing number of neurodevelopmental disorders of unknown etiology underscore the translational importance of investigating the intergenerational effects of GAs. In this mini review, we discuss emerging experimental findings on neuroendocrine, epigenetic, and intergenerational effects of GAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly E Martynyuk
- Department of Anesthesiology and the McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Ling-Sha Ju
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Timothy E Morey
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - Jia-Qiang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
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11
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Yu Z, Wang J, Wang H, Wang J, Cui J, Junzhang P. Effects of Sevoflurane Exposure During Late Pregnancy on Brain Development and Beneficial Effects of Enriched Environment on Offspring Cognition. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 40:1339-1352. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00821-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Guo X, Deng J, Zheng B, Liu H, Zhang Y, Ying Y, Jia J, Ruan X. HDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate anti-inflammatory effects of anesthetic isoflurane in human monocytes. Immunol Cell Biol 2020; 98:318-331. [PMID: 31950542 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pre-exposure to volatile anesthetics inhibits inflammation induced by various stimuli, including surgical procedures and ischemia. We hypothesize that volatile anesthetics may induce anti-inflammatory effects via a mechanism involving regulation of histone deacetylases (HDACs). Pre-exposure of 1.5% isoflurane for 0.5 h induced anti-inflammatory effects [measured by cytokine production of tumor necrosis factor-ɑ, interleukin-8 (IL-8) and IL-1β] in both human THP-1 cells and primary human peripheral blood monocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. In human THP-1 cells, coadministration of the HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) blocked the isoflurane-induced anti-inflammatory effects. TSA also blocked isoflurane-upregulated HDAC1-3 expression and isoflurane-reduced nuclear translocation of p65 and p50 subunits of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). The ability of isoflurane to reduce NF-κB nuclear translocation and proinflammatory responses in the cell line was blocked by gene silencing of HDAC1 and HDAC2, but not by gene silencing of HDAC3. A coimmunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that the decreased interaction between HDAC1 and HDAC2 through lipopolysaccharide was restored by isoflurane pretreatment. These findings were validated in primary human peripheral blood monocytes wherein gene silencing of HDAC1 and HDAC2 resulted in increased cytokine production and NF-κB nuclear translocation induced by isoflurane pre-exposure and lipopolysaccharide stimulation. These results indicate that anti-inflammatory effects of the volatile anesthetic isoflurane in human monocytes involve regulation of HDAC1 and HDAC2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Guo
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanlu Ying
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangcai Ruan
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Hao X, Ou M, Zhang D, Zhao W, Yang Y, Liu J, Yang H, Zhu T, Li Y, Zhou C. The Effects of General Anesthetics on Synaptic Transmission. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 18:936-965. [PMID: 32106800 PMCID: PMC7709148 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200227125854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
General anesthetics are a class of drugs that target the central nervous system and are widely used for various medical procedures. General anesthetics produce many behavioral changes required for clinical intervention, including amnesia, hypnosis, analgesia, and immobility; while they may also induce side effects like respiration and cardiovascular depressions. Understanding the mechanism of general anesthesia is essential for the development of selective general anesthetics which can preserve wanted pharmacological actions and exclude the side effects and underlying neural toxicities. However, the exact mechanism of how general anesthetics work is still elusive. Various molecular targets have been identified as specific targets for general anesthetics. Among these molecular targets, ion channels are the most principal category, including ligand-gated ionotropic receptors like γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate and acetylcholine receptors, voltage-gated ion channels like voltage-gated sodium channel, calcium channel and potassium channels, and some second massager coupled channels. For neural functions of the central nervous system, synaptic transmission is the main procedure for which information is transmitted between neurons through brain regions, and intact synaptic function is fundamentally important for almost all the nervous functions, including consciousness, memory, and cognition. Therefore, it is important to understand the effects of general anesthetics on synaptic transmission via modulations of specific ion channels and relevant molecular targets, which can lead to the development of safer general anesthetics with selective actions. The present review will summarize the effects of various general anesthetics on synaptic transmissions and plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yu Li
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Laboratory of Anesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, P.R. China; E-mail: and Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P.R. China; E-mail:
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Address correspondence to these authors at the Laboratory of Anesthesia & Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, P.R. China; E-mail: and Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, P.R. China; E-mail:
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14
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Sun XY, Zheng T, Yang X, Liu L, Gao SS, Xu HB, Song YT, Tong K, Yang L, Gao Y, Wu T, Hao JR, Lu C, Ma T, Gao C. HDAC2 hyperexpression alters hippocampal neuronal transcription and microglial activity in neuroinflammation-induced cognitive dysfunction. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:249. [PMID: 31796106 PMCID: PMC6889553 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation can induce cognitive dysfunction in patients who undergo surgery. Previous studies have demonstrated that both acute peripheral inflammation and anaesthetic insults, especially isoflurane (ISO), are risk factors for memory impairment. Few studies are currently investigating the role of ISO under acute peri-inflammatory conditions, and it is difficult to predict whether ISO can aggravate inflammation-induced cognitive deficits. HDACs, which are essential for learning, participate in the deacetylation of lysine residues and the regulation of gene transcription. However, the cell-specific mechanism of HDACs in inflammation-induced cognitive impairment remains unknown. Methods Three-month-old C57BL/6 mice were treated with single versus combined exposure to LPS injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) to simulate acute abdominal inflammation and isoflurane to investigate the role of anaesthesia and acute peripheral inflammation in cognitive impairment. Behavioural tests, Western blotting, ELISA, immunofluorescence, qRT-PCR, and ChIP assays were performed to detect memory, the expressions of inflammatory cytokines, HDAC2, BDNF, c-Fos, acetyl-H3, microglial activity, Bdnf mRNA, c-fos mRNA, and Bdnf and c-fos transcription in the hippocampus. Results LPS, but not isoflurane, induced neuroinflammation-induced memory impairment and reduced histone acetylation by upregulating histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in dorsal hippocampal CaMKII+ neurons. The hyperexpression of HDAC2 in neurons was mediated by the activation of microglia. The decreased level of histone acetylation suppressed the transcription of Bdnf and c-fos and the expressions of BDNF and c-Fos, which subsequently impaired memory. The adeno-associated virus ShHdac2, which suppresses Hdac2 after injection into the dorsal hippocampus, reversed microglial activation, hippocampal glutamatergic BDNF and c-Fos expressions, and memory deficits. Conclusions Reversing HDAC2 in hippocampal CaMKII+ neurons exert a neuroprotective effect against neuroinflammation-induced memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Sun
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Teng Zheng
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiu Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Le Liu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shen-Shen Gao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Han-Bing Xu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Tong Song
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kun Tong
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Yang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing-Ru Hao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Lu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Can Gao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Analgesia Application, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Zhang M, Liu W, Zhou Y, Li Y, Qin Y, Xu Y. Neurodevelopmental toxicity induced by maternal PM2.5 exposure and protective effects of quercetin and Vitamin C. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 213:182-196. [PMID: 30218877 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies show that maternal exposure to PM2.5 affects the neurodevelopment of the offspring, especially the neurocognitive function. However, no relevant experimental researches have been published on toxic mechanism and diet intervention. We evaluated the effects of exposure to different doses of PM2.5 on the behavioral development of offspring via a PM2.5 exposure model established by intratracheal instillation, explored its mechanism and the protective effects of quercetin and VC intervention, and focused on the protein expression of CREB/BDNF signaling pathway. Specifically, Exposure to PM2.5 during gestation and lactation period caused maternal oxidative stress. Maternal exposure to PM2.5 changed postnatal open-field behaviors in both gender, impaired spatial learning and memory in the female offspring, increased the level of IL-1β, IL-6, down-regulated p-CREB/CREB, BDNF, TrkB, p-CaMKII/CaMKII, p-CaMKIV/CaMKIV, up-regulated p-Akt/Akt and p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2 in the offspring. In addition, maternal supplementation with quercetin ameliorate the maternal oxidative stress, improved progeny inflammatory response, regulated BDNF, TrkB, p-Akt/Akt, p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2 in female offspring, regulated TrkB, p-CREB/CREB and p-Akt/Akt in male offspring. Maternal supplementation with VC increased the levels of CAT in maternal mice, up-regulated BDNF in female offspring, regulated p-CREB/CREB and p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2 in male offspring. Our findings indicate that PM2.5 exposure during pregnancy and lactation could impair behavioral development of offspring. Quercetin shows more protective effects than VC. The mechanism of neurodevelopmental toxicity induced by PM2.5 may be related to oxidative stress, inflammatory response and modulation of the CREB/BDNF signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjia Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yalin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yong Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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16
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Wu Z, Zhao P. Epigenetic Alterations in Anesthesia-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Developing Brain. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1024. [PMID: 30108514 PMCID: PMC6079265 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Before birth and early in life, the developing brain is particularly sensitive to environmental and pharmacological influences. Increasing experimental evidence suggests that an association exists between exposure to anesthesia during a vulnerable period of brain development and subsequent poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are not fully understood. Epigenetics, broadly defined as the regulation of gene expression without alterations of DNA sequence, has become a field of tremendous interest in neuroscience. In recent years, a growing body of literature suggests that anesthesia-induced long-term changes in gene transcription and functional deficits in learning and behavior later in life are mediated via epigenetic modifications. This brief review provides an overview of epigenetic mechanisms and highlights the emerging roles played by epigenetic dysfunctions in the processes of anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity in the developing brain. Epigenetic targeting of DNA methyltransferases and/or histone deacetylases may have some therapeutic value. Epigenetics may lead to the identification of novel markers that contribute toward considerable translational significance in the field of neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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17
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Lin J, Wang S, Feng Y, Zhao W, Zhao W, Luo F, Feng N. Propofol exposure during early gestation impairs learning and memory in rat offspring by inhibiting the acetylation of histone. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:2600-2611. [PMID: 29461008 PMCID: PMC5908131 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Propofol is widely used in clinical practice, including non-obstetric surgery in pregnant women. Previously, we found that propofol anaesthesia in maternal rats during the third trimester (E18) caused learning and memory impairment to the offspring rats, but how about the exposure during early pregnancy and the underlying mechanisms? Histone acetylation plays an important role in synaptic plasticity. In this study, propofol was administered to the pregnant rats in the early pregnancy (E7). The learning and memory function of the offspring were tested by Morris water maze (MWM) test on post-natal day 30. Two hours before each MWM trial, histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), Senegenin (SEN, traditional Chinese medicine), hippyragranin (HGN) antisense oligonucleotide (HGNA) or vehicle were given to the offspring. The protein levels of HDAC2, acetylated histone 3 (H3) and 4 (H4), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB), N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) 2 subunit B (NR2B), HGN and synaptophysin in offspring's hippocampus were determined by Western blot or immunofluorescence test. It was discovered that infusion with propofol in maternal rats on E7 leads to impairment of learning and memory in offspring, increased the protein levels of HDAC2 and HGN, decreased the levels of acetylated H3 and H4 and phosphorylated CREB, NR2B and synaptophysin. HDAC2 inhibitor SAHA, Senegenin or HGN antisense oligonucleotide reversed all the changes. Thus, present results indicate exposure to propofol during the early gestation impairs offspring's learning and memory via inhibiting histone acetylation. SAHA, Senegenin and HGN antisense oligonucleotide might have therapeutic value for the adverse effect of propofol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, the Eastern Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shengqiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yunlin Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weihong Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weilu Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Foquan Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Namin Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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18
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Singh P, Srivas S, Thakur MK. Epigenetic Regulation of Memory-Therapeutic Potential for Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 15:1208-1221. [PMID: 28393704 PMCID: PMC5725549 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170404144522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Memory is a vital function which declines in different physiological and pathological conditions such as aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Research in the past has reported that memory formation and consolidation require the precise expression of synaptic plasticity genes. However, little is known about the regulation of these genes. Epigenetic modification is now a well established mechanism that regulates synaptic plasticity genes and neuronal functions including memory. Therefore, we have reviewed the epigenetic regulation of memory and its therapeutic potential for memory dysfunction during aging and neurological disorders. METHOD Research reports and online contents relevant to epigenetic regulation of memory during physiological and pathological conditions have been compiled and discussed. RESULTS Epigenetic modifications include mainly DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, histone acetylation and methylation which involve chromatin modifying enzymes. These epigenetic marks change during memory formation and impairment due to dementia, aging and neurodegeneration. As the epigenetic modifications are reversible, they can be modulated by enzyme inhibitors leading to the recovery of memory. CONCLUSION Epigenetic modifications could be exploited as a potential therapeutic target to recover memory disorders during aging and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmanabh Singh
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Brain Research Centre, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Sweta Srivas
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Brain Research Centre, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - M K Thakur
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Brain Research Centre, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, India
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19
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Seo H, Yi JW. Beyond the neonate: how do anesthetics affect the fetal brain? Korean J Anesthesiol 2017; 70:589-590. [PMID: 29225739 PMCID: PMC5716814 DOI: 10.4097/kjae.2017.70.6.589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hyungseok Seo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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