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Lydon EA, Panfil HB, Yako S, Mudar RA. Behavioral and neural measures of semantic conflict monitoring: Findings from a novel picture-word interference task. Brain Res 2024; 1834:148900. [PMID: 38555981 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Conflict monitoring has been studied extensively using experimental paradigms that manipulate perceptual dimensions of stimuli and responses. The picture-word interference (PWI) task has historically been used to examine semantic conflict, but primarily for the purpose of examining lexical retrieval. In this study, we utilized two novel PWI tasks to assess conflict monitoring in the context of semantic conflict. Participants included nineteen young adults (14F, age = 20.79 ± 3.14) who completed two tasks: Animals and Objects. Task and conflict effects were assessed by examining behavioral (reaction time and accuracy) and neurophysiological (oscillations in theta, alpha, and beta band) measures. Results revealed conflict effects within both tasks, but the pattern of findings differed across the two semantic categories. Participants were slower to respond to unmatched versus matched trials on the Objects task only and were less accurate responding to matched versus unmatched trials in the Animals task only. We also observed task differences, with participants responding more accurately on conflict trials for Animals compared to Objects. Differences in neural oscillations were observed, including between-task differences in low beta oscillations and within-task differences in theta, alpha, and low beta. We also observed significant correlations between task performance and standard measures of cognitive control. This work provides new insights into conflict monitoring, highlighting the importance of examining conflict across different semantic categories, especially in the context of animacy. The findings serve as a benchmark to assess conflict monitoring using PWI tasks across populations of varying cognitive ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Lydon
- Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Holly B Panfil
- Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Sharbel Yako
- Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Raksha A Mudar
- Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
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Dini H, Simonetti A, Bigne E, Bruni LE. EEG theta and N400 responses to congruent versus incongruent brand logos. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4490. [PMID: 35296710 PMCID: PMC8927156 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08363-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging and behavioral studies have shown that brands convey meaning to consumers. To investigate the immediate reactions of the brain to brand logos, followed either by congruent or incongruent pictorial brand-related cues, can deepen understanding of the semantic processing of brands, and perhaps how consolidated the logo is in consumers’ minds. Participants were exposed to different brand-related image sets, that were either congruent (a match between brand-related images and brand logo) or incongruent (a mismatch between brand-related images and brand logo) while having their brain signals recorded. Event-related potential and EEG time–frequency domain features were extracted from the signals of the target image (brand logo). The results showed significantly larger N400 peak and relative theta power increase for incongruent compared to congruent logos, which could be attributed to an error-monitoring process. Thus, we argue that brands are encoded deeply in consumers’ minds, and cognitive processing of mismatched (vs matched) brand logos is more difficult, leading to greater error monitoring. The results were mostly consistent with previous studies investigating semantic incongruences in the linguistic field. Therefore, the error-monitoring process could be extended beyond linguistic forms, for example to images and brands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Dini
- The Augmented Cognition Lab, Aalborg University, 2450, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aline Simonetti
- Department of Marketing and Market Research, University of Valencia, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Enrique Bigne
- Department of Marketing and Market Research, University of Valencia, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Luis Emilio Bruni
- The Augmented Cognition Lab, Aalborg University, 2450, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Kinoshita S, Verdonschot RG. Phonological encoding is free from orthographic influence: evidence from a picture variant of the phonological Stroop task. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2020; 85:1340-1347. [PMID: 32193599 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-020-01315-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The phonological Stroop task, in which the participant names the color of written distractors, is being used increasingly to study the phonological encoding process in speech production. A brief review of experimental paradigms used to study the phonological encoding process indicated that currently it is not known whether the onset overlap benefit (faster color naming when the distractor shares the onset segment with the color name) in a phonological Stroop task is due to phonology or orthography. The present paper investigated this question using a picture variant of the phonological Stroop task. Participants named a small set of line drawings of animals (e.g., camel) with a pseudoword distractor printed on it. Picture naming was facilitated when the distractor shared the onset segment with the picture name regardless of orthographic overlap (CUST-camel = KUST-camel < NUST-camel). We conclude that the picture variant of the phonological Stroop task is a useful tool to study the phonological encoding process, free of orthographic influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Kinoshita
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University Centre for Reading (MQCR), Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
| | - Rinus G Verdonschot
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
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Krott A, Medaglia MT, Porcaro C. Early and Late Effects of Semantic Distractors on Electroencephalographic Responses During Overt Picture Naming. Front Psychol 2019; 10:696. [PMID: 30984085 PMCID: PMC6447652 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the nature of the interference effect of semantically related distractors in the picture-word interference paradigm, which has been claimed to be caused by either competition between lexical representations of target and distractor or by a late response exclusion mechanism that removes the distractor from a response buffer. EEG was recorded while participants overtly named pictures accompanied by categorically related versus unrelated written distractor words. In contrast to previous studies, stimuli were presented for only 250 ms to avoid any re-processing. ERP effects of relatedness were found around 290, 470, 540, and 660 ms post stimulus onset. In addition, related distractors led to an increase in midfrontal theta power, especially from about 440 to 540 ms, as well as to decreased high beta power between 40 and 110 ms and increased high beta power between 275 and 340 ms post stimulus onset. Response-locked analyses showed no differences in ERPs, however increased low and high beta power for related distractors in various time windows, most importantly a high beta power increase between -175 and -155 ms before speech onset. These results suggest that the semantic distractor effect is a combination of various effects and that the lexical competition account and the response exclusion account each capture a part, but not all aspects of the effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Krott
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Teresa Medaglia
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ISTC) – National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Camillo Porcaro
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies (ISTC) – National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
- S. Anna Institute and Research in Advanced Neurorehabilitation (RAN), Crotone, Italy
- Department of Information Engineering, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
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van Maanen L, van Rijn H. The observed locus of semantic interference may not coincide with the functional locus of semantic interference: A commentary on Shitova et al. Cortex 2019; 111:327-332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Enhancing motor learning of young soccer players through preventing an internal focus of attention: The effect of shoes colour. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200689. [PMID: 30110332 PMCID: PMC6093605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to assess how the motor learning skills in 7-years old soccer players can be improved by preventing an internal focus of attention via the use coloured shoes. We painted the classic black soccer shoes in six areas corresponding to six regions of the foot with which it is possible to interact with the ball. Thirty-four 7-years-old soccer players were randomized to two groups (Coloured n = 17 and Black, n = 17) to perform four basic football manoeuvres/tasks: reception (RECP), passing (PASS), ball management (MAGT), and shooting (SHOT). We found highly significant differences (P<0.001) in all four performance tests: mean(sd) RECP: 0.82(0.07) vs. 0.45(0.12); PASS: 0.85(0.07) vs. 0.47(0.09); MAGT: 0.91(0.09); SHOT: 1.00(1.00) vs. 0.44(0.16). Colored shoes appear to draw children’s attention away from body centered cues without explicit verbal communications. We propose that this cognitive adaptation enhanced the technical gesture by preventing the negative processes associated with action constraining when adopting an internal focus attention (perhaps by allowing the foot to adapt to surfaces and movements more naturally than conditions that promote a focus on the body movement). Consequently, this type of coloured footwear could be used during childhood to allow children to enhance the performance of basic football exercises through preventing action constraining and promoting intuitive (non-body centered) action knowledge.
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Python G, Fargier R, Laganaro M. When Wine and Apple Both Help the Production of Grapes: ERP Evidence for Post-lexical Semantic Facilitation in Picture Naming. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:136. [PMID: 29692716 PMCID: PMC5902702 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Producing a word in referential naming requires to select the right word in our mental lexicon among co-activated semantically related words. The mechanisms underlying semantic context effects during speech planning are still controversial, particularly for semantic facilitation which investigation remains under-represented in contrast to the plethora of studies dealing with interference. Our aim is to study the time-course of semantic facilitation in picture naming, using a picture-word "interference" paradigm and event-related potentials (ERPs). Methods: We compared two different types of semantic relationships, associative and categorical, in a single word priming and a double word priming paradigm. The primes were presented visually with a long negative Stimulus Onset Asynchrony (SOA), which is expected to cause facilitation. Results: Shorter naming latencies were observed after both associative and categorical primes, as compared to unrelated primes, and even shorter latencies after two primes. Electrophysiological results showed relatively late modulations of waveform amplitudes for both types of primes (beginning ~330 ms post picture onset with a single prime and ~275 ms post picture onset with two primes), corresponding to a shift in latency of similar topographic maps across conditions. Conclusion: The present results are in favor of a post-lexical locus of semantic facilitation for associative and categorical priming in picture naming and confirm that semantic facilitation is as relevant as semantic interference to inform on word production. The post-lexical locus argued here might be related to self-monitoting or/and to modulations at the level of word-form planning, without excluding the participation of strategic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Python
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Raphaël Fargier
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marina Laganaro
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Science, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Shitova N, Roelofs A, Schriefers H, Bastiaansen M, Schoffelen JM. Control adjustments in speaking: Electrophysiology of the Gratton effect in picture naming. Cortex 2017; 92:289-303. [PMID: 28549279 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that spoken word production requires different amounts of top-down control depending on the prevailing circumstances. For example, during Stroop-like tasks, the interference in response time (RT) is typically larger following congruent trials than following incongruent trials. This effect is called the Gratton effect, and has been taken to reflect top-down control adjustments based on the previous trial type. Such control adjustments have been studied extensively in Stroop and Eriksen flanker tasks (mostly using manual responses), but not in the picture-word interference (PWI) task, which is a workhorse of language production research. In one of the few studies of the Gratton effect in PWI, Van Maanen and Van Rijn (2010) examined the effect in picture naming RTs during dual-task performance. Based on PWI effect differences between dual-task conditions, they argued that the functional locus of the PWI effect differs between post-congruent trials (i.e., locus in perceptual and conceptual encoding) and post-incongruent trials (i.e., locus in word planning). However, the dual-task procedure may have contaminated the results. We therefore performed an electroencephalography (EEG) study on the Gratton effect in a regular PWI task. We observed a PWI effect in the RTs, in the N400 component of the event-related brain potentials, and in the midfrontal theta power, regardless of the previous trial type. Moreover, the RTs, N400, and theta power reflected the Gratton effect. These results provide evidence that the PWI effect arises at the word planning stage following both congruent and incongruent trials, while the amount of top-down control changes depending on the previous trial type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Shitova
- Centre for Cognition, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; International Max Planck Research School for Language Sciences, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ardi Roelofs
- Centre for Cognition, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Herbert Schriefers
- Centre for Cognition, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Marcel Bastiaansen
- NHTV Breda University of Applied Science, Academy for Leisure, Breda, The Netherlands; Department of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan-Mathijs Schoffelen
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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