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Patel P, Roy A, Sharifi N, Stoyanov P, Chromik RR, Moreau C. Tribological Performance of High-Entropy Coatings (HECs): A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:3699. [PMID: 35629725 PMCID: PMC9147710 DOI: 10.3390/ma15103699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Surface coatings that operate effectively at elevated temperatures provide compatibility with critical service conditions as well as improved tribological performance of the components. High-entropy coatings (HECs), including metallic, ceramics, and composites, have gained attention all over the world and developed rapidly over the past 18 years, due to their excellent mechanical and tribological properties. High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are defined as alloys containing five or more principal elements in equal or close to equal atomic percentage. Owing to the high configurational entropy compared to conventional alloys, HEAs are usually composed of a simple solid solution phase, such as the BCC and FCC phases, instead of complex, brittle intermetallic phases. Several researchers have investigated the mechanical, oxidation, corrosion and wear properties of high-entropy oxides, carbides, borides, and silicates using various coating and testing techniques. More recently, the friction and wear characteristics of high-entropy coatings (HECs) have gained interest within various industrial sectors, mainly due to their favourable mechanical and tribological properties at high temperatures. In this review article, the authors identified the research studies and developments in high-entropy coatings (HECs) fabricated on various substrate materials using different synthesis methods. In addition, the current understanding of the HECs characteristics is critically reviewed, including the fabrication routes of targets/feedstock, synthesis methods utilized in various research studies, microstructural and tribological behaviour from room temperature to high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payank Patel
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada; (A.R.); (N.S.)
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Amit Roy
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada; (A.R.); (N.S.)
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Navid Sharifi
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada; (A.R.); (N.S.)
| | - Pantcho Stoyanov
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada
| | - Richard R. Chromik
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Christian Moreau
- Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada; (A.R.); (N.S.)
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Abstract
High-entropy films (HEFs) are of considerable interest in surface engineering applications due to their superior properties, such as good corrosion resistance, good thermal stability and excellent high temperature oxidation. Recently, the scientific community has seen an increasing development of the multicomponent coatings, improving their properties compared to conventional films. Technically, different strategies have been exploited to fabricate HEFs. Magnetron-sputtered HEFs have made significant advancements in this field. HEFs have various applications given their interesting performances. This article overviews the development and the outcome of HEFs prepared using the magnetron sputtering technique. The classification of HEFs is reported. The effect of magnetron sputtering parameters on the microstructural, mechanical, electrochemical and thermal properties of HEFs is also discussed. Applications of HEFs are reported in the last section.
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Duan J, Wang J, Di Y, Yang Y, Yang Y. Bio-corrosion behavior, antibacterial property and interaction with osteoblast of laser in-situfabricated Ti-Si-Cu coatings on Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34416742 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac1f9d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Ti-Si-xCu coatings (TS-xC,x= 5, 10 and 15 wt.%) with advanced bio-corrosion resistance, excellent antibacterial property and biocompatibility were laser cladded on Ti-6Al-4V (TAV) substrate which is widely used as endosseous implants. The bio-corrosion resistance of the TAV substrate was improved due to the presence of Ti5Si3and TiCu phases in the coatings. The addition of Cu in the precursor contributes to the improvement of the antibacterial property of TAV substrate. Meanwhile, induced normal cytoskeleton, well-developed focal adhesion contacts, significant higher cell attachment and proliferation rate were observed for the TS-xC coated samples due to the formation of micro-textured morphology and presence of new phases. The bio-corrosion resistance and antibacterial property depend on Cu content addition in the TS-xC precursor. The results provide a way to fabricate such multiple functional biocoating that would improve the bio-corrosion resistance, antibacterial performance and biocompatibility of TAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhu Duan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Juncai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dashiqiao Luhe Hospital, Dashiqiao 115100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Di
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Yang
- School of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
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Nemani SK, Zhang B, Wyatt BC, Hood ZD, Manna S, Khaledialidusti R, Hong W, Sternberg MG, Sankaranarayanan SKRS, Anasori B. High-Entropy 2D Carbide MXenes: TiVNbMoC 3 and TiVCrMoC 3. ACS NANO 2021; 15:12815-12825. [PMID: 34128649 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides, known as MXenes, are a fast-growing family of 2D materials. MXenes 2D flakes have n + 1 (n = 1-4) atomic layers of transition metals interleaved by carbon/nitrogen layers, but to-date remain limited in composition to one or two transition metals. In this study, by implementing four transition metals, we report the synthesis of multi-principal-element high-entropy M4C3Tx MXenes. Specifically, we introduce two high-entropy MXenes, TiVNbMoC3Tx and TiVCrMoC3Tx, as well as their precursor TiVNbMoAlC3 and TiVCrMoAlC3 high-entropy MAX phases. We used a combination of real and reciprocal space characterization (X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning transmission electron microscopy) to establish the structure, phase purity, and equimolar distribution of the four transition metals in high-entropy MAX and MXene phases. We use first-principles calculations to compute the formation energies and explore synthesizability of these high-entropy MAX phases. We also show that when three transition metals are used instead of four, under similar synthesis conditions to those of the four-transition-metal MAX phase, two different MAX phases can be formed (i.e., no pure single-phase forms). This finding indicates the importance of configurational entropy in stabilizing the desired single-phase high-entropy MAX over multiphases of MAX, which is essential for the synthesis of phase-pure high-entropy MXenes. The synthesis of high-entropy MXenes significantly expands the compositional variety of the MXene family to further tune their properties, including electronic, magnetic, electrochemical, catalytic, high temperature stability, and mechanical behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Kartik Nemani
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
- Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
- Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Brian C Wyatt
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
- Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Zachary D Hood
- Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Sukriti Manna
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Rasoul Khaledialidusti
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Weichen Hong
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Michael G Sternberg
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Subramanian K R S Sankaranarayanan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Babak Anasori
- Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Purdue School of Engineering and Technology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
- Integrated Nanosystems Development Institute, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
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In Vitro Corrosion and Tribocorrosion Performance of Biocompatible Carbide Coatings. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10070654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to explain the corrosion and the tribocorrosion performance in simulated conditions of the human body by the level of stress, adhesion of coating to substrate, roughness, and hardness. The coatings were synthesized by the cathodic arc evaporation method on 316L stainless steel substrates to be used for load bearing implants. Structure, elemental, and phase compositions were studied by means of energy dispersive spectrometry and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The grain size and strain of the coatings were determined by the Williamson–Hall plot method. Tests on hardness, adhesion, roughness, and electrochemical behavior in 0.9% NaCl solution at 37 ± 0.5 °C were carried out. Tribocorrosion performances, evaluated by measuring the friction coefficient and wear rate, were conducted in 0.9% NaCl solution using the pin on disc method at 37 ± 0.5 °C. TiC and ZrC exhibited a (111) preferred orientation, while TiNbC had a (200) orientation and the smallest crystallite size (8.1 nm). TiC was rougher than ZrC and TiNbC; the lowest roughness was found for TiNbC coatings. The highest hardness and adhesion values were found for TiNbC, followed by TiC and the ZrC. All coatings improved the corrosion resistance of 316L steels, but TiNbC showed the best corrosion behavior. TiNbC had the lowest friction coefficient (1.6) and wear rate (0.99 × 10−5 mm3·N−1∙m−1) values, indicating the best tribocorrosive performance in 0.9% NaCl at 37 ± 0.5 °C.
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Dinu M, Braic L, Padmanabhan SC, Morris MA, Titorencu I, Pruna V, Parau A, Romanchikova N, Petrik LF, Vladescu A. Characterization of electron beam deposited Nb 2O 5 coatings for biomedical applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2019; 103:103582. [PMID: 32090911 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Niobium oxide coatings deposited on Ti6Al4V substrates by electron beam deposition and annealed in air at 600 °C and 800 °C were evaluated for their suitability towards dental, maxillofacial or orthopaedic implant applications. A detailed physico-chemical properties investigation was carried out in order to determine their elemental and phase composition, surface morphology and roughness, mechanical properties, wettability, and corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid solution (pH = 7.4) at room temperature. The biocompatibility of the bare Ti6Al4V substrate and coated surfaces was evaluated by testing the cellular adhesion and viability/proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells (MG-63) after 72 h of incubation. The coatings annealed at 800 °C exhibit more phase pure nanocrystalline Nb2O5 surfaces with enhanced wettability, reduced porosity and enhanced corrosion resistance properties making them good candidate for dental, maxillofacial or orthopaedic implant applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Dinu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 409 Atomistilor St., Magurele, Romania
| | - Laurentiu Braic
- National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 409 Atomistilor St., Magurele, Romania.
| | - Sibu C Padmanabhan
- University College Cork, Department of Chemistry, College Road, Cork, Ireland; Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Michael A Morris
- University College Cork, Department of Chemistry, College Road, Cork, Ireland; Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Irina Titorencu
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Hasdeu, 050568, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vasile Pruna
- Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8 B.P. Hasdeu, 050568, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Parau
- National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 409 Atomistilor St., Magurele, Romania
| | | | - Leslie F Petrik
- University of the Western Cape, Department of Chemistry, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Alina Vladescu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000, 409 Atomistilor St., Magurele, Romania; National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 43 Lenin Avenue, 634050, Tomsk, Russia
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Zhang RZ, Gucci F, Zhu H, Chen K, Reece MJ. Data-Driven Design of Ecofriendly Thermoelectric High-Entropy Sulfides. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:13027-13033. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Zhi Zhang
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
- School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi’an 710127, China
| | - Francesco Gucci
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Hongyu Zhu
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Kan Chen
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J. Reece
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
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Processing and Properties of High-Entropy Ultra-High Temperature Carbides. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8609. [PMID: 29872126 PMCID: PMC5988827 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26827-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bulk equiatomic (Hf-Ta-Zr-Ti)C and (Hf-Ta-Zr-Nb)C high entropy Ultra-High Temperature Ceramic (UHTC) carbide compositions were fabricated by ball milling and Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). It was found that the lattice parameter mismatch of the component monocarbides is a key factor for predicting single phase solid solution formation. The processing route was further optimised for the (Hf-Ta-Zr-Nb)C composition to produce a high purity, single phase, homogeneous, bulk high entropy material (99% density); revealing a vast new compositional space for the exploration of new UHTCs. One sample was observed to chemically decompose; indicating the presence of a miscibility gap. While this suggests the system is not thermodynamically stable to room temperature, it does reveal further potential for the development of new in situ formed UHTC nanocomposites. The optimised material was subjected to nanoindentation testing and directly compared to the constituent mono/binary carbides, revealing a significantly enhanced hardness (36.1 ± 1.6 GPa,) compared to the hardest monocarbide (HfC, 31.5 ± 1.3 GPa) and the binary (Hf-Ta)C (32.9 ± 1.8 GPa).
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Karaman O, Kelebek S, Demirci EA, İbiş F, Ulu M, Ercan UK. Synergistic Effect of Cold Plasma Treatment and RGD Peptide Coating on Cell Proliferation over Titanium Surfaces. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 15:13-24. [PMID: 30603531 PMCID: PMC6171635 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0087-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment and RGD peptide coating for enhancing cellular attachment and proliferation over titanium (Ti) surfaces. The surface structure of CAP-treated and RGD peptide-coated Ti discs were characterized by contact angle goniometer and atomic force microscopy. The effect of such surface modification on human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) adhesion and proliferation was assessed by cell proliferation and DNA content assays. Besides, hMSCs' adhesion and morphology on surface modified Ti discs were observed via fluorescent and scanning electron microscopy. RGD peptide coating following CAP treatment significantly enhanced cellular adhesion and proliferation among untreated, CAP-treated and RGD peptide-coated Ti discs. The treatment of Ti surfaces with CAP may contribute to improved RGD peptide coating, which enables increased cellular integrations with the Ti surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Karaman
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Rm 148, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, 35620 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Seyfi Kelebek
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, 35620 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Emine Afra Demirci
- Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Rm 148, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, 35620 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Fatma İbiş
- Plasma Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Rm 123, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, 35620 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Murat Ulu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, 35620 İzmir, Turkey
| | - Utku Kürşat Ercan
- Plasma Medicine Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Rm 123, İzmir Katip Çelebi University, 35620 İzmir, Turkey
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