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Kanoh H, Iwashita S, Kuraishi T, Goto A, Fuse N, Ueno H, Nimura M, Oyama T, Tang C, Watanabe R, Hori A, Momiuchi Y, Ishikawa H, Suzuki H, Nabe K, Takagaki T, Fukuzaki M, Tong LL, Yamada S, Oshima Y, Aigaki T, Dow JAT, Davies SA, Kurata S. cGMP signaling pathway that modulates NF-κB activation in innate immune responses. iScience 2021; 24:103473. [PMID: 34988396 PMCID: PMC8710550 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that plays a central role in immune responses and inflammation. Here, we show that Drosophila NF-κB signaling is activated via a pathway in parallel with the Toll receptor by receptor-type guanylate cyclase, Gyc76C. Gyc76C produces cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and modulates NF-κB signaling through the downstream Tollreceptor components dMyd88, Pelle, Tube, and Dif/Dorsal (NF-κB). The cGMP signaling pathway comprises a membrane-localized cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK) called DG2 and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and is crucial for host survival against Gram-positive bacterial infections in Drosophila. A membrane-bound cGK, PRKG2, also modulates NF-κB activation via PP2A in human cells, indicating that modulation of NF-κB activation in innate immunity by the cGMP signaling pathway is evolutionarily conserved. Drosophila NF-κB signaling is activated by Gyc76C in parallel with the Toll receptor Gyc76C modulates NF-κB signaling through downstream Toll receptor components In Drosophila, the pathway comprises a cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK) and PP2A In human cells, a membrane-bound cGK, PRKG2, also modulates NF-κB signaling via PP2A
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Kanoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Shinzo Iwashita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kuraishi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Goto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.,Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Fuse
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Haruna Ueno
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Mariko Nimura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Tomohito Oyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Chang Tang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Ryo Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Aki Hori
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Momiuchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Kumiko Nabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Takeshi Takagaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Masataka Fukuzaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Li-Li Tong
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Sinya Yamada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Oshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Toshiro Aigaki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Julian A T Dow
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Shireen-Anne Davies
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Shoichiro Kurata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Best BT. Single-cell branching morphogenesis in the Drosophila trachea. Dev Biol 2018; 451:5-15. [PMID: 30529233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The terminal cells of the tracheal epithelium in Drosophila melanogaster are one of the few known cell types that undergo subcellular morphogenesis to achieve a stable, branched shape. During the animal's larval stages, the cells repeatedly sprout new cytoplasmic processes. These grow very long, wrapping around target tissues to which the terminal cells adhere, and are hollowed by a gas-filled subcellular tube for oxygen delivery. Our understanding of this ramification process remains rudimentary. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of studies on terminal cells to date, and attempts to extrapolate how terminal branches might be formed based on the known genetic and molecular components. Next to this cell-intrinsic branching mechanism, we examine the extrinsic regulation of terminal branching by the target tissue and the animal's environment. Finally, we assess the degree of similarity between the patterns established by the branching programs of terminal cells and other branched cells and tissues from a mathematical and conceptual point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt T Best
- Director's Research Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstr. 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Collaboration for Joint PhD degree from EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Germany
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