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Human Omentin-1 Administration Ameliorates Hypertensive Complications without Affecting Hypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043835. [PMID: 36835249 PMCID: PMC9961449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and is caused by various abnormalities including the contractility of blood vessels. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), whose systemic blood pressure increases with aging, are a frequently used animal model for investigating essential hypertension and related complications in humans due to the damage of several organs. Human omentin-1 is an adipocytokine consisting of 313 amino acids. Serum omentin-1 levels decreased in hypertensive patients compared with normotensive controls. Furthermore, omentin-1 knockout mice showed elevated blood pressure and impaired endothelial vasodilation. Taken together, we hypothesized that adipocytokine, human omentin-1 may improve the hypertension and its complications including heart and renal failure in the aged SHR (65-68-weeks-old). SHR were subcutaneously administered with human omentin-1 (18 μg/kg/day, 2 weeks). Human omentin-1 had no effect on body weight, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure in SHR. The measurement of isometric contraction revealed that human omentin-1 had no influence on the enhanced vasocontractile or impaired vasodilator responses in the isolated thoracic aorta from SHR. On the other hand, human omentin-1 tended to improve left ventricular diastolic failure and renal failure in SHR. In summary, human omentin-1 tended to improve hypertensive complications (heart and renal failure), while it had no influence on the severe hypertension in the aged SHR. The further study of human omentin-1 may lead to the development of therapeutic agents for hypertensive complications.
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King SA, Salerno A, Downing JV, Wynne ZR, Parker JT, Miller TE, Tewelde SZ. POCUS for Diastolic Dysfunction: A Review of the Literature. POCUS JOURNAL 2023; 8:88-92. [PMID: 37152335 PMCID: PMC10155731 DOI: 10.24908/pocus.v8i1.15803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Emergency and critical care physicians frequently encounter patients presenting with dyspnea and normal left ventricular systolic function who may benefit from early diastolic evaluation to determine acute patient management. The current American Society of Echocardiography Guidelines approach to diastolic evaluation is often impractical for point of care ultrasound (POCUS) evaluation, and few studies have evaluated the potential use of a simplified approach. This article reviews the literature on the use of a simplified diastolic evaluation to assist in determining acute patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A King
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore, MDUSA
| | - Alexis Salerno
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore, MDUSA
| | - Jessica V Downing
- Program in Trauma/Surgical Critical Care, The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical CenterBaltimore, MDUSA
| | - Zachary R Wynne
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland Medical CenterBaltimore, MDUSA
| | - Jordan T Parker
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland Medical CenterBaltimore, MDUSA
| | - Taylor E Miller
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland Medical CenterBaltimore, MDUSA
| | - Semhar Z Tewelde
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimore, MDUSA
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Rodrigues JCL, Erdei T, Dastidar AG, Szantho G, Burchell AE, Ratcliffe LEK, Hart EC, Nightingale AK, Paton JFR, Manghat NE, Hamilton MCK. Left ventricular extracellular volume fraction and atrioventricular interaction in hypertension. Eur Radiol 2018; 29:1574-1585. [PMID: 30232515 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-018-5700-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Left atrial enlargement (LAE) predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Impaired LA function also confers poor prognosis. This study aimed to determine whether left ventricular (LV) interstitial fibrosis is associated with LAE and LA impairment in systemic hypertension. METHODS Following informed written consent, a prospective observational study of 86 hypertensive patients (49 ± 15 years, 53% male, office SBP 168 ± 30 mmHg, office DBP 97 ± 4 mmHg) and 20 normotensive controls (48 ± 13 years, 55% male, office SBP 130 ± 13 mmHg, office DBP 80 ± 11 mmHg) at 1.5-T cardiovascular magnetic resonance was conducted. Extracellular volume fraction (ECV) was calculated by T1-mapping. LA volume (LAV) was measured with biplane area-length method. LA reservoir, conduit and pump function were calculated with the phasic volumetric method. RESULTS Indexed LAV correlated with indexed LV mass (R = 0.376, p < 0.0001) and ECV (R = 0.359, p = 0.001). However, ECV was the strongest significant predictor of LAE in multivariate regression analysis (odds ratio [95th confidence interval] 1.24 [1.04-1.48], p = 0.017). Indexed myocardial interstitial volume was associated with significant reductions in LA reservoir (R = -0.437, p < 0.0001) and conduit (R = -0.316, p = 0.003) but not pump (R = -0.167, p = 0.125) function. Multiple linear regression, correcting for age, gender, BMI, BP and diabetes, showed an independent decrease of 3.5% LA total emptying fraction for each 10 ml/m2 increase in myocardial interstitial volume (standard β coefficient -3.54, p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS LV extracellular expansion is associated with LAE and impaired LA reservoir and conduit function. Future studies should identify if targeting diffuse LV fibrosis is beneficial in reverse remodelling of LA structural and functional pathological abnormalities in hypertension. KEY POINTS • Left atrial enlargement (LAE) and impairment are markers of adverse prognosis in systemic hypertension but their pathophysiology is poorly understood. • Left ventricular extracellular volume fraction was the strongest independent multivariate predictor of LAE and was associated with impaired left atrial reservoir and conduit function. • LV interstitial expansion may play a central role in the pathophysiology of adverse atrioventricular interaction in systemic hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan C L Rodrigues
- Department of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Bristol Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Bristol Heart Institute, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8HW, Bristol, UK. .,School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Faculty of Biomedical Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. .,Department of Radiology, Royal United Hospitals Bath NHS Foundation Trust, Combe Park, BA1 3NG, Bath, UK.
| | - Tamas Erdei
- Department of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Bristol Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Bristol Heart Institute, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8HW, Bristol, UK
| | - Amardeep Ghosh Dastidar
- Department of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Bristol Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Bristol Heart Institute, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8HW, Bristol, UK
| | - Gergley Szantho
- Department of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Bristol Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Bristol Heart Institute, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, BS2 8HW, Bristol, UK
| | - Amy E Burchell
- BHI CardioNomics Research Group, Clinical Research and Imaging Centre-Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Laura E K Ratcliffe
- BHI CardioNomics Research Group, Clinical Research and Imaging Centre-Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Emma C Hart
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Faculty of Biomedical Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,BHI CardioNomics Research Group, Clinical Research and Imaging Centre-Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Angus K Nightingale
- BHI CardioNomics Research Group, Clinical Research and Imaging Centre-Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Julian F R Paton
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Faculty of Biomedical Science, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,BHI CardioNomics Research Group, Clinical Research and Imaging Centre-Bristol, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Nathan E Manghat
- Department of Radiology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Mark C K Hamilton
- Department of Radiology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
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