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Yang Z, Li H, Wu P, Li Q, Yu C, Wang D, Li W. Multi-biological functions of intermedin in diseases. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1233073. [PMID: 37745233 PMCID: PMC10511904 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1233073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Intermedin (IMD) is a member of the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)/calcitonin (CT) superfamily, and it is expressed extensively throughout the body. The typical receptors for IMD are complexes composed of calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) and receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP), which leads to a biased activation towards Gαs. As a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker, IMD regulates the initiation and metastasis of multiple tumors. Additionally, IMD functions as a proangiogenic factor that can restrain excessive vascular budding and facilitate the expansion of blood vessel lumen, ultimately resulting in the fusion of blood vessels. IMD has protective roles in various diseases, including ischemia-reperfusion injury, metabolic disease, cardiovascular diseases and inflammatory diseases. This review systematically elucidates IMD's expression, structure, related receptors and signal pathway, as well as its comprehensive functions in the context of acute kidney injury, obesity, diabetes, heart failure and sepsis. However, the precise formation process of IMD short peptides in vivo and their downstream signaling pathway have not been fully elucidated yet. Further in-depth studies are need to translate IMD research into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongchun Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingyan Li
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - ChunYan Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Denian Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weimin Li
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Yamamoto M, Miyoshi M, Morioka K, Mitani T, Takaya T. Anti-nucleolin aptamer, iSN04, inhibits the inflammatory responses in C2C12 myoblasts by modulating the β-catenin/NF-κB signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 664:1-8. [PMID: 37127012 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.04.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A myogenetic oligodeoxynucleotide, iSN04, is the 18-base single-stranded DNA that acts as an anti-nucleolin aptamer. iSN04 has been reported to restore myogenic differentiation by suppressing inflammatory responses in myoblasts isolated from patients with diabetes or healthy myoblasts exposed to cancer-releasing factors. Thus, iSN04 is expected to be a nucleic acid drug for the muscle wasting associated with chronic diseases. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of iSN04 in the murine myoblast cell line C2C12. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) or Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands (Pam3CSK4 and FSL-1) induced nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), resulting in upregulated expression of TNF-α and interleukin-6. Pre-treatment with iSN04 significantly suppressed these inflammatory responses by inhibiting the nuclear accumulation of β-catenin induced by TNF-α or TLR ligands. These results demonstrate that antagonizing nucleolin with iSN04 downregulates the inflammatory effect mediated by the β-catenin/NF-κB signaling pathway in C2C12 cells. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effects of iSN04 were also observed in the rat smooth muscle cell line A10 and the murine adipocyte-like fibroblast cell line 3T3-L1, suggesting that iSN04 may be useful in preventing inflammation induced by metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Machi Yamamoto
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Mana Miyoshi
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Kamino Morioka
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Takakazu Mitani
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan; Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan
| | - Tomohide Takaya
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan; Department of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan; Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan.
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Cremin M, Schreiber S, Murray K, Tay EXY, Reardon C. The diversity of neuroimmune circuits controlling lung inflammation. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 324:L53-L63. [PMID: 36410021 PMCID: PMC9829467 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00179.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly appreciated that the nervous and immune systems communicate bidirectionally to regulate immunological outcomes in a variety of organs including the lung. Activation of neuronal signaling can be induced by inflammation, tissue damage, or pathogens to evoke or reduce immune cell activation in what has been termed a neuroimmune reflex. In the periphery, these reflexes include the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, sympathetic reflex, and sensory nociceptor-immune cell pathways. Continual advances in neuroimmunology in peripheral organ systems have fueled small-scale clinical trials that have yielded encouraging results for a range of immunopathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis. Despite these successes, several limitations should give clinical investigators pause in the application of neural stimulation as a therapeutic for lung inflammation, especially if inflammation arises from a novel pathogen. In this review, the general mechanisms of each reflex, the evidence for these circuits in the control of lung inflammation, and the key knowledge gaps in our understanding of these neuroimmune circuits will be discussed. These limitations can be overcome not only through a better understanding of neuroanatomy but also through a systematic evaluation of stimulation parameters using immune activation in lung tissues as primary readouts. Our rapidly evolving understanding of the nervous and immune systems highlights the importance of communication between these cells in health and disease. This integrative approach has tremendous potential in the development of targeted therapeutics if specific challenges can be overcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Cremin
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California
| | - Sierra Schreiber
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California
| | - Kaitlin Murray
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California
| | - Emmy Xue Yun Tay
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California
| | - Colin Reardon
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, California
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Yin M, Li C, Peng XD, Zhao GQ, Wu Y, Zheng HR, Wang Q, Xu Q, Jiang N. Expression and role of calcitonin gene-related peptide in mouse Aspergillus fumigatus keratitis. Int J Ophthalmol 2019; 12:697-704. [PMID: 31131225 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2019.05.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the expression and role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the mouse models induced by Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus). METHODS C57BL/6 mice were randomized into a control group and A. fumigatus keratitis group. The cornea photography was assessed under the slit lamp and the clinical score was recorded after infection. Western blot, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistofluorescence analysis were applied to detect CGRP expression in cornea of both groups. In vitro, tests were conducted with C57BL/6 mice macrophages to investigate CGRP expression after interaction with A. fumigatus. Cytokines expression induced by exogenous CGRP and the antagonist CGRP8-37 in A. fumigatus-exposed macrophages was evaluated by real-time PCR and ELISA. RESULTS The cornea expression of CGRP was significantly elevated in C57BL/6 mice corneas and macrophages after A. fumigatus infection. After treatment with exogenous CGRP, the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-6 were reduced, and IL-10 level was increased in the A. fumigatus stimulated-macrophages. However, IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were upregulated after pretreatment of CGRP8-37. But the mRNA levels of MIP-2, TGF-β and IL-10 were not changed. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that A. fumigatus increased CGRP expression. CGRP may play a protective role against inflammation in A. fumigatus keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xu-Dong Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Gui-Qiu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Heng-Rui Zheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
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Zhang SY, Xu MJ, Wang X. Adrenomedullin 2/intermedin: a putative drug candidate for treatment of cardiometabolic diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 175:1230-1240. [PMID: 28407200 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenomedullin (ADM) 2/intermedin (IMD) is a short peptide that belongs to the CGRP superfamily. Although it shares receptors with CGRP, ADM and amylin, ADM2 has significant and unique functions in the cardiovascular system. In the past decade, the cardiovascular effect of ADM2 has been carefully analysed. In this review, progress in understanding the effects of ADM2 on the cardiovascular system and its protective role in cardiometabolic diseases are summarized. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Spotlight on Small Molecules in Cardiovascular Diseases. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.8/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yang Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ming-Jiang Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
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