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Su W, Tian XD, Liu P, Zhou DJ, Cao FL. Accuracy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided needle aspiration specimens for molecular diagnosis of non-small-cell lung carcinoma. World J Clin Cases 2020; 8:5139-5148. [PMID: 33269250 PMCID: PMC7674716 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i21.5139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) are highly sensitive for diagnosing and staging lung cancer. In recent years, targeted therapy has shown great significance in the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Using these minimally invasive techniques to obtain specimens for molecular testing will provide patients with a more convenient diagnostic approach.
AIM To evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of tissue samples obtained using EUS-FNA and EBUS-TBNA for molecular diagnosis of NSCLC.
METHODS A total of 83 patients with NSCLC underwent molecular testing using tissues obtained from EUS-FNA or EBUS-TBNA at the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital from January 2017 to June 2019. All enrolled patients underwent chest computed tomography or positron emission tomography/computed tomography prior to puncture. We detected abnormal expression of EGFR, KRAS, MET, HER2, ROS1 and anaplastic lymphoma kinase protein. Two patients failed to complete molecular testing due to insufficient tumor tissue. The clinical features, puncture records, molecular testing results and targeted treatment in the remaining 81 patients were summarized.
RESULTS In a total of 99 tissue samples obtained from 83 patients, molecular testing was successfully completed in 93 samples with a sample adequacy ratio of 93.9% (93/99). Biopsy samples from two patients failed to provide test results due to insufficient tumor tissue. In the remaining 81 patients, 62 cases (76.5%) were found to have adenocarcinoma, 11 cases (13.6%) had squamous cell carcinoma, 3 cases (3.7%) had adenosquamous carcinoma and 5 cases (6.2%) had NSCLC-not otherwise specified. The results of molecular testing showed EGFR mutations in 21 cases (25.9%), KRAS mutations in 9 cases (11.1%), ROS-1 rearrangement in 1 case (1.2%) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive in 5 cases (6.2%). Twenty-four patients with positive results received targeted therapy. The total effectiveness rate of targeted therapy was 66.7% (16/24), and the disease control rate was 83.3% (20/24).
CONCLUSION Tissue samples obtained by EUS-FNA or EBUS-TBNA are feasible for the molecular diagnosis of NSCLC and can provide reliable evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Su
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Tian
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - De-Jun Zhou
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Fu-Liang Cao
- Department of Endoscopy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
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Adequacy of Samples Obtained by Endobronchial Ultrasound with Transbronchial Needle Aspiration for Molecular Analysis in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2019; 15:1205-1216. [PMID: 30011388 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201801-045oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Endobronchial ultrasound and transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) are commonly used for the diagnosis and mediastinal staging of lung cancer. Molecular markers are becoming increasingly important in patients with lung cancer to define targetable mutations suitable for personalized therapy, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), reactive oxygen species proto-oncogene (ROS1), and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). OBJECTIVES To evaluate the adequacy of EBUS-TBNA-derived tissue for molecular analysis. METHODS We searched the MEDLINE, LILACS, www.clinicaltrials.gov , and Epistemonikos databases through January 2018. DATA EXTRACTION Two independent reviewers performed the data search, quality assessment, and data extraction. We included both prospective and retrospective studies; risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-I tool. The primary outcome was the proportion of adequate samples obtained by EBUS-TBNA for molecular analysis. Data were pooled by using a binary random effects model. Finally, evidence was rated by using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach. RESULTS A total of 33 studies including 2,698 participants were analyzed. In 28 studies that evaluated EBUS-TBNA for the identification of EGFR mutations, the pooled probability of obtaining a sufficient sample was 94.5% (95% confidence interval CI], 93.2-96.4%). For identification of ALK mutations, the pooled probability was 94.9% (95% CI, 89.4-98.8%). Finally, the prevalence of EGFR mutation was 15.8% (95% CI, 12.1-19.4%), and the prevalence of ALK mutation was 2.77% (95% CI, 1.0-4.8%). Data for ROS1 and PD-L1 mutations were not suitable for meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS EBUS-TBNA has a high yield for molecular analysis of both EGFR and ALK mutations. However, the suitability of TBNA samples for next-generation sequencing is uncertain and should be explored in further studies. Clinical trial registered with PROSPERO (CRD42017080008).
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Tseng LH, De Marchi F, Pallavajjalla A, Rodriguez E, Xian R, Belchis D, Gocke CD, Eshleman JR, Illei P, Lin MT. Clinical Validation of Discordant Trunk Driver Mutations in Paired Primary and Metastatic Lung Cancer Specimens. Am J Clin Pathol 2019; 152:570-581. [PMID: 31264684 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqz077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To propose an operating procedure for validation of discordant trunk driver mutations. METHODS Concordance of trunk drivers was examined by next-generation sequencing in 15 patients with two to three metastatic lung cancers and 32 paired primary and metastatic lung cancers. RESULTS Tissue identity was confirmed by genotyping 17 single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the panel. All except three pairs showed concordant trunk drivers. Quality assessment conducted in three primary and metastatic pairs with discordant trunk drivers indicates metastasis from a synchronous or remote lung primary in two patients. Review of literature revealed high discordant rates of EGFR and KRAS mutations, especially when Sanger sequencing was applied to examine primary and lymph node metastatic tumors. CONCLUSIONS Trunk driver mutations are highly concordant in primary and metastatic tumors. Discordance of trunk drivers, once confirmed, may suggest a second primary cancer. Guidelines are recommended to establish standard operating procedures for validation of discordant trunk drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hui Tseng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Federico De Marchi
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Aparna Pallavajjalla
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Erika Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rena Xian
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Deborah Belchis
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Christopher D Gocke
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - James R Eshleman
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Peter Illei
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ming-Tseh Lin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Sailer V, Eng KW, Zhang T, Bareja R, Pisapia DJ, Sigaras A, Bhinder B, Romanel A, Wilkes D, Sticca E, Cyrta J, Rao R, Sahota S, Pauli C, Beg S, Motanagh S, Kossai M, Fontugne J, Puca L, Rennert H, Xiang JZ, Greco N, Kim R, MacDonald TY, McNary T, Blattner-Johnson M, Schiffman MH, Faltas BM, Greenfield JP, Rickman D, Andreopoulou E, Holcomb K, Vahdat LT, Scherr DS, van Besien K, Barbieri CE, Robinson BD, Fine HA, Ocean AJ, Molina A, Shah MA, Nanus DM, Pan Q, Demichelis F, Tagawa ST, Song W, Mosquera JM, Sboner A, Rubin MA, Elemento O, Beltran H. Integrative Molecular Analysis of Patients With Advanced and Metastatic Cancer. JCO Precis Oncol 2019; 3:PO.19.00047. [PMID: 31592503 PMCID: PMC6778956 DOI: 10.1200/po.19.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We developed a precision medicine program for patients with advanced cancer using integrative whole-exome sequencing and transcriptome analysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Five hundred fifteen patients with locally advanced/metastatic solid tumors were prospectively enrolled, and paired tumor/normal sequencing was performed. Seven hundred fifty-nine tumors from 515 patients were evaluated. RESULTS Most frequent tumor types were prostate (19.4%), brain (16.5%), bladder (15.4%), and kidney cancer (9.2%). Most frequently altered genes were TP53 (33%), CDKN2A (11%), APC (10%), KTM2D (8%), PTEN (8%), and BRCA2 (8%). Pathogenic germline alterations were present in 10.7% of patients, most frequently CHEK2 (1.9%), BRCA1 (1.5%), BRCA2 (1.5%), and MSH6 (1.4%). Novel gene fusions were identified, including a RBM47-CDK12 fusion in a metastatic prostate cancer sample. The rate of clinically relevant alterations was 39% by whole-exome sequencing, which was improved by 16% by adding RNA sequencing. In patients with more than one sequenced tumor sample (n = 146), 84.62% of actionable mutations were concordant. CONCLUSION Integrative analysis may uncover informative alterations for an advanced pan-cancer patient population. These alterations are consistent in spatially and temporally heterogeneous samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tuo Zhang
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rema Rao
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rob Kim
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Qiulu Pan
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Wei Song
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | | | - Himisha Beltran
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY,Himisha Beltran, MD, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413 E. 69th Street, New York, NY 10021; e-mail:
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Kim J, Kang HJ, Moon SH, Lee JM, Kim HY, Lee GK, Lee JS, Hwangbo B. Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration for Re-biopsy in Previously Treated Lung Cancer. Cancer Res Treat 2019; 51:1488-1499. [PMID: 30913867 PMCID: PMC6790847 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2019.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is widely used for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. However, evidence of its usefulness for re-biopsy in treated lung cancer, especially according to the previous treatment, is limited. We evaluated the role of EBUS-TBNA for re-biopsy and its diagnostic values in patients with different treatment histories. Materials and Methods We reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA for re-biopsy of suspicious recurrent or progressive lesions between January 2006 and December 2016 at the National Cancer Center in South Korea. Patients were categorized into three groups based on the previous treatment modalities: surgery, radiation, and palliation. Results Among the 367 patients (surgery, n=192; radiation, n=40; palliation, n=135) who underwent EBUS-TBNA for re-biopsy, the overall sensitivity, negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy of EBUS-TBNA in detecting malignancy were 95.6%, 82.7%, and 96.3%, respectively. The sensitivity was lower in the radiation group (83.3%) when compared with the surgery (95.7%, p=0.042) and palliation (97.7%, p=0.012) groups. The NPV was lower in the palliation group (50.0%) than in the surgery group (88.5%, p=0.042). The sample adequacy of EBUS-TBNA specimens was lower in the radiation group (80.3%) than in the surgery (95.4%, p < 0.001) or palliation (97.8%, p < 0.001) groups. EGFR mutation analysis was feasible in 94.6% of the 92 cases, in which mutation analysis was requested. There were no major complications. Minor complications were reported in 12 patients (3.3%). Conclusion EBUS-TBNA showed high diagnostic values and high suitability for EGFR mutation analysis with regard to re-biopsy in patients with previously treated lung cancer. The sensitivity was lower in the radiation group and NPV was lower in the palliation group. The complication rate was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohae Kim
- Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyo Jae Kang
- Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sung Ho Moon
- Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jong Mog Lee
- Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyae Young Kim
- Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Geon-Kook Lee
- Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.,Department of Pathology, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jin Soo Lee
- Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Bin Hwangbo
- Center for Lung Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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Comparison of genetic profiles among primary lung tumor, metastatic lymph nodes and circulating tumor DNA in treatment-naïve advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer patients. Lung Cancer 2018; 121:54-60. [PMID: 29858028 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Genetic profiles of primary and metastatic lung tumor have been investigated by previous studies. However, whether they can be replaced by each other to guide treatment remains controversial. Moreover, it is unclear that whether genetic profiles of plasma can reflect genetic divergence between primary and metastatic lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective study, we collected 35 pairs of matched primary tumor tissue, metastatic lymph nodes and plasma from treatment-naïve patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and applied to capture-based sequencing using a panel consisting 56 NSCLC-related genes to interrogate the heterogeneity and similarity among the 3 sites. RESULTS We observed 62.0% (67/108) by-variant concordance rate among primary tumor, metastatic lymph nodes and plasma as well as 76.4% (81/106) by-variant concordance rate between primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes. When the analysis restricted to driver genes, we achieved 60.9% (28/46) and 77.3% (34/44) concordance, respectively. Furthermore, there is no statistically significant difference in progression-free survival (PFS) of 17 patients who used matched targeted therapy between patients having 100% concordance rate between primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes and patients having partially matched mutational profiles. CONCLUSION Collectively, our study revealed a similar genetic profile shared between primary tumor and metastatic lymph nodes. The limited discordance observed can be partially reflected by plasma. Sequencing results obtained from either site can be utilized for providing treatment guidance.
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Lin CK, Lai CL, Chang LY, Wen YF, Ho CC. Learning curve and advantages of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration as a first-line diagnostic and staging procedure. Thorac Cancer 2017; 9:75-82. [PMID: 29082634 PMCID: PMC5754293 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS‐TBNA) is now the standard for mediastinal lymph node staging of lung cancer. Training and maintenance of technical skills is very important in order to apply new techniques in clinical use. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed of patients who underwent EBUS‐TBNA from November 2009 to December 2015. We assessed the learning curve, accuracy (%), and whether this procedure shortened the duration of lung cancer staging. Results The EBUS‐TBNA learning curve continued to improve beyond 120 procedures. Diagnostic accuracy was similar between benign and malignant populations. There was no difference in the learning curve between the groups. Non‐small cell lung cancer patients who underwent EBUS‐TBNA as the first investigative procedure underwent fewer subsequent investigative procedures (1.47 vs. 2.05; P < 0.001), and had a shorter staging duration (4.52 vs. 11.05 days; P = 0.006) compared to those who underwent other procedures for the first investigation. Conclusion EBUS‐TBNA should be one of the preferred options for lung cancer diagnosis and staging because it reduces the staging duration compared to the use of other invasive procedures in initial investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Kai Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Lun Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biotechnology R&D Center, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Yu Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Feng Wen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chi Ho
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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