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Xin H, Huang J, Song Z, Mao J, Xi X, Shi X. Structure, signal transduction, activation, and inhibition of integrin αIIbβ3. Thromb J 2023; 21:18. [PMID: 36782235 PMCID: PMC9923933 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-023-00463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrins are heterodimeric receptors comprising α and β subunits. They are expressed on the cell surface and play key roles in cell adhesion, migration, and growth. Several types of integrins are expressed on the platelets, including αvβ3, αIIbβ3, α2β1, α5β1, and α6β1. Among these, physically αIIbβ3 is exclusively expressed on the platelet surface and their precursor cells, megakaryocytes. αIIbβ3 adopts at least three conformations: i) bent-closed, ii) extended-closed, and iii) extended-open. The transition from conformation i) to iii) occurs when αIIbβ3 is activated by stimulants. Conformation iii) possesses a high ligand affinity, which triggers integrin clustering and platelet aggregation. Platelets are indispensable for maintaining vascular system integrity and preventing bleeding. However, excessive platelet activation can result in myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. Therefore, finding a novel strategy to stop bleeding without accelerating the risk of thrombosis is important. Regulation of αIIbβ3 activation is vital for this strategy. There are a large number of molecules that facilitate or inhibit αIIbβ3 activation. The interference of these molecules can accurately control the balance between hemostasis and thrombosis. This review describes the structure and signal transduction of αIIbβ3, summarizes the molecules that directly or indirectly affect integrin αIIbβ3 activation, and discusses some novel antiαIIbβ3 drugs. This will advance our understanding of the activation of αIIbβ3 and its essential role in platelet function and tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Xin
- grid.452511.6Department of Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210003 China
| | - Jiansong Huang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310003 China ,grid.412277.50000 0004 1760 6738Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Zhiqun Song
- grid.412676.00000 0004 1799 0784Jiangsu Province People’s Hospital and Nanjing Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029 China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- grid.412277.50000 0004 1760 6738Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Xiaodong Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Department of Hematology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210003, China. .,Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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3
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Mao J, Zhu K, Long Z, Zhang H, Xiao B, Xi W, Wang Y, Huang J, Liu J, Shi X, Jiang H, Lu T, Wen Y, Zhang N, Meng Q, Zhou H, Ruan Z, Wang J, Luo C, Xi X. Targeting the RT loop of Src SH3 in Platelets Prevents Thrombosis without Compromising Hemostasis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103228. [PMID: 35023301 PMCID: PMC8895158 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Conventional antiplatelet agents indiscriminately inhibit both thrombosis and hemostasis, and the increased bleeding risk thus hampers their use at more aggressive dosages to achieve adequate effect. Blocking integrin αIIbβ3 outside-in signaling by separating the β3/Src interaction, yet to be proven in vivo, may nonetheless resolve this dilemma. Identification of a specific druggable target for this strategy remains a fundamental challenge as Src SH3 is known to be responsible for binding to not only integrin β3 but also the proteins containing the PXXP motif. In vitro and in vivo mutational analyses show that the residues, especially E97, in the RT loop of Src SH3 are critical for interacting with β3. DCDBS84, a small molecule resulting from structure-based virtual screening, is structurally validated to be directed toward the projected target. It specifically disrupts β3/Src interaction without affecting canonical PXXP binding and thus inhibits the outside-in signaling-regulated platelet functions. Treatment of mice with DCDBS84 causes a profound inhibition of thrombosis, equivalent to that induced by extremely high doses of αIIbβ3 antagonist, but does not compromise primary hemostasis. Specific targets are revealed for a preferential inhibition of thrombosis that may lead to new classes of potent antithrombotics without hemorrhagic side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Institute of HematologyCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Kongkai Zhu
- Drug Discovery and Design Centerthe Center for Chemical BiologyState Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Zhangbiao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Institute of HematologyCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Drug Discovery and Design Centerthe Center for Chemical BiologyState Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
- School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghai Tech UniversityShanghai201210China
| | - Bing Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Institute of HematologyCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Wenda Xi
- Shanghai Institute of HypertensionRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Institute of HematologyCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Jiansong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Institute of HematologyCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Jingqiu Liu
- Drug Discovery and Design Centerthe Center for Chemical BiologyState Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Institute of HematologyCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Drug Discovery and Design Centerthe Center for Chemical BiologyState Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Tian Lu
- Drug Discovery and Design Centerthe Center for Chemical BiologyState Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Yi Wen
- Drug Discovery and Design Centerthe Center for Chemical BiologyState Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Naixia Zhang
- Drug Discovery and Design Centerthe Center for Chemical BiologyState Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Qian Meng
- Drug Discovery and Design Centerthe Center for Chemical BiologyState Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Drug Discovery and Design Centerthe Center for Chemical BiologyState Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
| | - Zheng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Institute of HematologyCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Institute of HematologyCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
| | - Cheng Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Centerthe Center for Chemical BiologyState Key Laboratory of Drug ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai201203China
- School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghai Tech UniversityShanghai201210China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUCASHangzhou310024China
| | - Xiaodong Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsShanghai Institute of HematologyCollaborative Innovation Center of HematologyRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China
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Leite ML, Soares DG, Anovazzi G, Filipe Koon Wu M, Bordini EAF, Hebling J, DE Souza Costa CA. Bioactivity effects of extracellular matrix proteins on apical papilla cells. J Appl Oral Sci 2021; 29:e20210038. [PMID: 34495108 PMCID: PMC8425894 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Potent signaling agents stimulate and guide pulp tissue regeneration, especially in endodontic treatment of teeth with incomplete root formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luísa Leite
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Departamento de Materiais Odontológicos e Prótese, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Diana Gabriela Soares
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru, Departamento de Dentística, Endodontia e Materiais Odontológicos, Bauru, SP, Brasil
| | - Giovana Anovazzi
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Departamento de Morfologia e Clínica Infantil, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Mon Filipe Koon Wu
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Ester Alves Ferreira Bordini
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Departamento de Materiais Odontológicos e Prótese, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Josimeri Hebling
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Departamento de Morfologia e Clínica Infantil, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
| | - Carlos Alberto DE Souza Costa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, Araraquara, SP, Brasil
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Li D, Peng J, Li T, Liu Y, Chen M, Shi X. Itgb3-integrin-deficient mice may not be a sufficient model for patients with Glanzmann thrombasthenia. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:449. [PMID: 33880575 PMCID: PMC8060805 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Itgb3-integrin-deficient (Itgb3−/−) mice have been reported as a Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) model and have been used for platelet research. However, it remains unclear whether this mouse model can fully simulate patients with GT or whether it has different characteristics from these patients. The present study aimed to answer this question. Itgb3−/− mice were tested for platelet function, tail bleeding, whole-blood count, bone marrow hematopoiesis and organ enlargement. Itgb3−/− platelets showed impaired functions, including fibrinogen binding, aggregation, adhesion or spreading. Itgb3−/− mice demonstrated decreased platelet count and microcytic hypochromic anemia. Reduced iron staining of bone marrow and decreased plasma ferritin level confirmed the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia. Evident splenomegaly was observed in Itgb3−/− mice. Immunohistochemical analysis of spleen biopsy revealed normal expression of CD3 and CD19, but elevated expression of CD71, which suggested that the splenomegaly in Itgb3−/− mice may be associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis. In conclusion, Itgb3−/− mice exhibited some unique characteristics that differed from those of human patients with GT and thus cannot completely simulate patients with GT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongya Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Yichen Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212001, P.R. China
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Xiao B, Mao J, Sun B, Zhang W, Wang Y, Wang P, Ruan Z, Xi W, Li H, Zhou J, Lu Y, Ding Q, Wang X, Liu J, Yan J, Luo C, Shi X, Yang R, Xi X. Integrin β3 Deficiency Results in Hypertriglyceridemia via Disrupting LPL (Lipoprotein Lipase) Secretion. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1296-1310. [PMID: 32237906 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Integrin β3 is implicated in numerous biological processes such as its relevance to blood triglyceride, yet whether β3 deficiency affects this metabolic process remains unknown. Approach and Results: We showed that the Chinese patients with β3-deficient Glanzmann thrombasthenia had a 2-fold higher serum triglyceride level together with a lower serum LPL (lipoprotein lipase) level than those with an αIIb deficiency or healthy subjects. The β3 knockout mice recapitulated these phenotypic features. The elevated plasma triglyceride level was due to impaired LPL-mediated triglyceride clearance caused by a disrupted LPL secretion. Further analysis revealed that β3 directly bound LPL via a juxtamembrane TIH (threonine isoleucine histidine)720-722 motif in its cytoplasmic domain and functioned as an adaptor protein by interacting with LPL and PKD (protein kinase D) to form the PKD/β3/LPL complex that is required for β3-mediated LPL secretion. Furthermore, the impaired triglyceride clearance in β3 knockout mice could be corrected by adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9)-mediated delivery of wild-type but not TIH720-722-mutated β3 genes. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals a hypertriglyceridemia in both β3-deficient Chinese patients and mice and provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of the significant roles of β3 in LPL secretion and triglyceride metabolism, drawing attention to the metabolic consequences in patients with β3-deficient Glanzmann thrombasthenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xiao
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China (B.X., X.X.)
| | - Jianhua Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.M., W.Z., Y.W., P.W., Z.R., X.X.)
| | - Boyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disorders, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China (B.S., H.L., R.Y.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.M., W.Z., Y.W., P.W., Z.R., X.X.)
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.M., W.Z., Y.W., P.W., Z.R., X.X.)
| | - Pengran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.M., W.Z., Y.W., P.W., Z.R., X.X.)
| | - Zheng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.M., W.Z., Y.W., P.W., Z.R., X.X.)
| | - Wenda Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (W.X.)
| | - Huiyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disorders, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China (B.S., H.L., R.Y.)
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.Z., Y.L., Q.D., X.W.)
| | - Yide Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.Z., Y.L., Q.D., X.W.)
| | - Qiulan Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.Z., Y.L., Q.D., X.W.)
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China (J.Z., Y.L., Q.D., X.W.)
| | - Jingqiu Liu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (J.L., C.L.)
| | - Jinsong Yan
- Department of Hematology, Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, China (J.Y.)
| | - Cheng Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China (J.L., C.L.)
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China (X.S.)
| | - Renchi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematological Disorders, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China (B.S., H.L., R.Y.)
| | - Xiaodong Xi
- From the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China (B.X., X.X.).,State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China (J.M., W.Z., Y.W., P.W., Z.R., X.X.)
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