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Jia M, Dong T, Cheng Y, Rong F, Zhang J, Lv W, Zhen S, Jia X, Cong B, Wu Y, Cui H, Hao P. Ceruloplasmin is associated with the infiltration of immune cells and acts as a prognostic biomarker in patients suffering from glioma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1249650. [PMID: 37637428 PMCID: PMC10450624 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1249650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is regarded as a prevalent form of cancer that affects the Central Nervous System (CNS), with an aggressive growth pattern and a low clinical cure rate. Despite the advancement of the treatment strategy of surgical resection, chemoradiotherapy and immunotherapy in the last decade, the clinical outcome is still grim, which is ascribed to the low immunogenicity and tumor microenvironment (TME) of glioma. The multifunctional molecule, called ceruloplasmin (CP) is involved in iron metabolism. Its expression pattern, prognostic significance, and association with the immune cells in gliomas have not been thoroughly investigated. Studies using a variety of databases, including Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Gliovis, showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of CP in patients suffering from glioma increased significantly with an increasing glioma grade. Kaplan-Meier (KM) curves and statistical tests highlighted a significant reduction in survival time of patients with elevated CP expression levels. According to Cox regression analysis, CP can be utilized as a stand-alone predictive biomarker in patients suffering from glioma. A significant association between CP expression and numerous immune-related pathways was found after analyzing the data using the Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and CIBERSORT analyses indicated a substantial correlation between the CP expression and infiltration of immunocytes in the TME. Additionally, immune checkpoints and CP expression in gliomas showed a favorable correlation. According to these results, patients with glioma have better prognoses and levels of tumor immune cell infiltration when their CP expression is low. As a result, CP could be used as a probable therapeutic target for gliomas and potentially anticipate the effectiveness of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Jia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, China
- Postdoctoral Mobile Station of Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Tianyu Dong
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yangyang Cheng
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fanghao Rong
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiamin Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Lv
- Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Shuman Zhen
- Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xianxian Jia
- Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Bin Cong
- Research Unit of Digestive Tract Microecosystem Pharmacology and Toxicology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yuming Wu
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio Cerebrovascular Disease, Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huixian Cui
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Peipei Hao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- International Cooperation Laboratory of Stem Cell Research, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease Mechanism, Shijiazhuang, China
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Deng L, Zeng S, Yi Q, Song L. High expression of six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3 promotes the migration and invasion and predicts unfavorable prognosis in glioma. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15136. [PMID: 37009153 PMCID: PMC10065001 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that ferroptosis, a form of iron-dependent regulated cell death, might play essential roles in tumor initiation and progression. Six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 3 (STEAP3) is a ferrireductase involved in the regulation of intracellular iron homeostasis. However, the clinical significance and biological function of STEAP3 in human cancers remain poorly understood. Through a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis, we found that STEAP3 mRNA and protein expression were up-regulated in GBM, LUAD, and UCEC, and down-regulated in LIHC. Survival analysis indicated that STEAP3 had prognostic significance only in glioma. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that high STEPA3 expression was correlated with poor prognosis. STEAP3 expression was significantly negatively correlated with promoter methylation level, and patients with lower STEAP3 methylation level had worse prognosis than those with higher STEAP3 methylation level. Single-cell functional state atlas showed that STEAP3 regulated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GBM. Furthermore, the results of wound healing and transwell invasion assays demonstrated that knocking down STEAP3 inhibited the migration and invasion of T98G and U251 cells. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that genes co-expressed with STEAP3 mainly participated in inflammation and immune-related pathways. Immunological analysis revealed that STEAP3 expression was significantly correlated with immune infiltration cells, including macrophages and neutrophils, especially the M2 macrophages. Individuals with low STEAP3 expression were more likely to respond to immunotherapy than those with high STEAP3 expression. These results suggest that STEAP3 promotes glioma progression and highlight its pivotal role in regulating immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Langmei Deng
- Department of Emergency, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuangshuang Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaoli Yi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liying Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Dong T, Zhang B, Zhang R, Wang C, Liu X, Wang F, Hao N, Tan K, Chang YZ. Hepcidin is upregulated and is a potential therapeutic target associated with immunity in glioma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:963096. [PMID: 36237302 PMCID: PMC9552819 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.963096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor with high mortality and poor prognosis. Hepcidin is a fascinating iron metabolism regulator. However, the prognostic value of hepcidin HAMP in gliomas and its correlation with immune cell infiltration remain unclear. Here, we comprehensively elucidate the prognostic value and potential role of hepcidin in gliomas. Methods Hepcidin gene expression and clinical characteristics in glioma were analyzed using the CGGA, TCGA, Rembrandt and Gravendeel glioma databases. A survival analysis was conducted using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. A gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to select the pathways significantly enriched for hepcidin associations. The correlations between hepcidin and immune cell infiltration and immunotherapy were analyzed using network platforms such as CIBERSORT and TIMER. Results In glioma tissues, the expression of hepcidin was significantly increased. High hepcidin expression is related to grade, age, PRS type, IDH mutation, chemotherapy status and 1p19q codeletion status, which significantly indicates the poor prognosis of glioma patients. Hepcidin can be used as an independent prognostic factor for glioma through the multivariate COX regression analysis. The results of Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) indicated that hepcidin was involved in the immune response. In addition, hepcidin expression was positively correlated with the degree of immune cell infiltration, the expression of various immune cell markers and the efficacy of immunotherapy. Conclusion Our results indicate that hepcidin can be used as a candidate biomarker to judge the prognosis and immune cell invasion of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei
Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China,Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei
Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Runjiao Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaopeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei
Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China,Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei
Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Nana Hao
- Department of Neurology, Handan Central Hospital, Handan, China
| | - Ke Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei
Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China,*Correspondence: Yan-Zhong Chang, ; Ke Tan,
| | - Yan-Zhong Chang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei
Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China,*Correspondence: Yan-Zhong Chang, ; Ke Tan,
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Overexpression of SFXN1 indicates poor prognosis and promotes tumor progression in lung adenocarcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 237:154031. [PMID: 35878532 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Sideroflexin 1 (SFXN1) functions as a mitochondrial serine transporter in one-carbon metabolism. The association between SFXN1 and tumorigenesis remains to be elucidated. This study illustrated the functional role of SFXN1 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). SFXN1 expression in LUAD specimens was examined using western blotting and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), and the prognostic value between SFXN1 and clinicopathological parameters was investigated. Subsequently, the effects of SFXN1 on cellular proliferation, migration, and apoptosis were assessed by using Transwell assays and flow cytometry in A549 and H1299 cell lines. Western blotting was also employed to explore the mechanism of tumor progression. SFXN1 was significantly elevated in the LUAD samples compared with the para-carcinoma tissues. Furthermore, SFXN1 expression was an independent prognostic predictor for patients with LUAD. The expression of SFXN1 was altered in A549 and H1299 cell lines and this showed that SFXN1 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibited apoptosis. SFXN1, at least partially, influenced LUAD progression via the mTOR signaling pathway. Collectively, the findings from this study demonstrated that SFXN1 promotes LUAD progression via the mTOR pathway and that SFXN1 expression is associated with clinicopathological features of LUAD. SFXN1 significantly contributes to the development of LUAD and might have potential, not only as an independent prognostic marker of LAUD but also as a promising target for LUAD therapy.
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Mogenet A, Barlesi F, Besse B, Michiels S, Karimi M, Tran-Dien A, Girard N, Mazieres J, Audigier-Valette C, Locatelli-Sanchez M, Kamal M, Gestraud P, Hamza A, Jacquet A, Jimenez M, Yara S, Greillier L, Bertucci F, Planchard D, Soria JC, Bieche I, Tomasini P. Molecular profiling of non-small-cell lung cancer patients with or without brain metastases included in the randomized SAFIR02-LUNG trial and association with intracranial outcome. Lung Cancer 2022; 169:31-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ceci C, Lacal PM, Graziani G. Antibody-drug conjugates: Resurgent anticancer agents with multi-targeted therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 236:108106. [PMID: 34990642 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) constitute a relatively new group of anticancer agents, whose first appearance took place about two decades ago, but a renewed interest occurred in recent years, following the success of anti-cancer immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies. Indeed, an ADC combines the selectivity of a monoclonal antibody with the cell killing properties of a chemotherapeutic agent (payload), joined together through an appropriate linker. The antibody moiety targets a specific cell surface antigen expressed by tumor cells and/or cells of the tumor microenvironment and acts as a carrier that delivers the cytotoxic payload within the tumor mass. Despite advantages in terms of selectivity and potency, the development of ADCs is not devoid of challenges, due to: i) low tumor selectivity when the target antigens are not exclusively expressed by cancer cells; ii) premature release of the cytotoxic drug into the bloodstream as a consequence of linker instability; iii) development of tumor resistance mechanisms to the payload. All these factors may result in lack of efficacy and/or in no safety improvement compared to unconjugated cytotoxic agents. Nevertheless, the development of antibodies engineered to remain inert until activated in the tumor (e.g., antibodies activated proteolytically after internalization or by the acidic conditions of the tumor microenvironment) together with the discovery of innovative targets and cytotoxic or immunomodulatory payloads, have allowed the design of next-generation ADCs that are expected to possess improved therapeutic properties. This review provides an overview of approved ADCs, with related advantages and limitations, and of novel targets exploited by ADCs that are presently under clinical investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ceci
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Grazia Graziani
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; IDI-IRCCS, Via Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy.
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7
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Crake RLI, Burgess ER, Royds JA, Phillips E, Vissers MCM, Dachs GU. The Role of 2-Oxoglutarate Dependent Dioxygenases in Gliomas and Glioblastomas: A Review of Epigenetic Reprogramming and Hypoxic Response. Front Oncol 2021; 11:619300. [PMID: 33842321 PMCID: PMC8027507 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.619300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are a heterogeneous group of cancers that predominantly arise from glial cells in the brain, but may also arise from neural stem cells, encompassing low-grade glioma and high-grade glioblastoma. Whereas better diagnosis and new treatments have improved patient survival for many cancers, glioblastomas remain challenging with a highly unfavorable prognosis. This review discusses a super-family of enzymes, the 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenase enzymes (2-OGDD) that control numerous processes including epigenetic modifications and oxygen sensing, and considers their many roles in the pathology of gliomas. We specifically describe in more detail the DNA and histone demethylases, and the hypoxia-inducible factor hydroxylases in the context of glioma, and discuss the substrate and cofactor requirements of the 2-OGDD enzymes. Better understanding of how these enzymes contribute to gliomas could lead to the development of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah L. I. Crake
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Eleanor R. Burgess
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Janice A. Royds
- Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Elisabeth Phillips
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Margreet C. M. Vissers
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Gabi U. Dachs
- Mackenzie Cancer Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Tifoun N, De las Heras JM, Guillaume A, Bouleau S, Mignotte B, Le Floch N. Insights into the Roles of the Sideroflexins/SLC56 Family in Iron Homeostasis and Iron-Sulfur Biogenesis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:103. [PMID: 33494450 PMCID: PMC7911444 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sideroflexins (SLC56 family) are highly conserved multi-spanning transmembrane proteins inserted in the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes. Few data are available on their molecular function, but since their first description, they were thought to be metabolite transporters probably required for iron utilization inside the mitochondrion. Such as numerous mitochondrial transporters, sideroflexins remain poorly characterized. The prototypic member SFXN1 has been recently identified as the previously unknown mitochondrial transporter of serine. Nevertheless, pending questions on the molecular function of sideroflexins remain unsolved, especially their link with iron metabolism. Here, we review the current knowledge on sideroflexins, their presumed mitochondrial functions and the sparse-but growing-evidence linking sideroflexins to iron homeostasis and iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis. Since an imbalance in iron homeostasis can be detrimental at the cellular and organismal levels, we also investigate the relationship between sideroflexins, iron and physiological disorders. Investigating Sideroflexins' functions constitutes an emerging research field of great interest and will certainly lead to the main discoveries of mitochondrial physio-pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Tifoun
- LGBC, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (N.T.); (J.M.D.l.H.); (A.G.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - José M. De las Heras
- LGBC, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (N.T.); (J.M.D.l.H.); (A.G.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Arnaud Guillaume
- LGBC, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (N.T.); (J.M.D.l.H.); (A.G.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Sylvina Bouleau
- LGBC, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (N.T.); (J.M.D.l.H.); (A.G.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
| | - Bernard Mignotte
- LGBC, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (N.T.); (J.M.D.l.H.); (A.G.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
- École Pratique des Hautes Études, PSL University, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Le Floch
- LGBC, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (N.T.); (J.M.D.l.H.); (A.G.); (S.B.); (B.M.)
- GCGP Department, IUT de Vélizy/Rambouillet, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, 78120 Rambouillet, France
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Chen WJ, Wu HT, Li CL, Lin YK, Fang ZX, Lin WT, Liu J. Regulatory Roles of Six-Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen of the Prostate Family Members in the Occurrence and Development of Malignant Tumors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:752426. [PMID: 34778263 PMCID: PMC8586211 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.752426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The human six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of the prostate (STEAP) proteins, which include STEAP1-4 and atypical STEAP1B, contain six transmembrane domains and are located in the cell membrane. STEAPs are considered archaeal metal oxidoreductases, based on their heme groups and F420H2:NADP+ oxidoreductase (FNO)-like structures, and play an important role in cell metal metabolism. Interestingly, STEAPs not only participate in biological processes, such as molecular transport, cell cycling, immune response, and intracellular and extracellular activities, but also are closely related to the occurrence and development of several diseases, especially malignant tumors. Up to now, the expression patterns of STEAPs have been found to be diverse in different types of tumors, with controversial participation in different aspects of malignancy, such as cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and therapeutic resistance. It is clinically important to explore the potential roles of STEAPs as new immunotherapeutic targets for the treatment of different malignant tumors. Therefore, this review focuses on the molecular mechanism and function of STEAPs in the occurrence and development of different cancers in order to understand the role of STEAPs in cancer and provide a new theoretical basis for the treatment of diverse cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jia Chen
- Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer/Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Hua-Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chun-Lan Li
- Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer/Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yi-Ke Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ze-Xuan Fang
- Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer/Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wen-Ting Lin
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Changjiang Scholar’s Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer/Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- *Correspondence: Jing Liu,
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Han R, Sun W, Zhang H. Identification of a Signature Comprising 5 Soluble Carrier Family Genes to Predict the Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2021; 20:15330338211036314. [PMID: 34590520 PMCID: PMC8489750 DOI: 10.1177/15330338211036314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-sequencing data and relevant clinical data in The Cancer Genome Atlas for 502 samples of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) were analyzed to determine the prognostic value of soluble carrier family genes in PTC. We analyzed soluble carrier family gene expression and function in the samples. Clustering identified 2 clusters in the data. Risk characteristics were identified using LASSO and Univariate Cox regression analysis, which divided the patients into low and high-risk groups. The expression levels of 88 soluble carrier genes were significantly different between tumors and normal tissue. The 2 PTC clusters had different clinical outcomes and distributions of gene expression. The expression levels of SFXN1, SLC12A4, SLC35A1, SLC35E1, and SLCO1C1 were markedly different between the 2 groups. The high risk and low risk groups had significant different prognoses (P < 0.05). Significant differences were identified for disease free survival (DFS), sex and T stage between the 2 subgroups. The risk score was identified as an independent prognostic variable (P < 0.05) and as a predictor of clinicopathological variables. In patients with PTC, solute carrier gene expression showed differential associations with clinicopathological variables. The 5 genes could be used as prognostic factors for PTC, particularly to predict PTC recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Han
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- Rui Han and Wei Sun contributed equally to this article
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- Rui Han and Wei Sun contributed equally to this article
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Transferrin receptor regulates malignancies and the stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma-derived cancer stem-like cells by affecting iron accumulation. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243812. [PMID: 33351833 PMCID: PMC7755206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron metabolism is essential because it plays regulatory roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Disorders of iron metabolism balance are related to various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) exert critical effects on chemotherapy failure, cancer metastasis, and subsequent disease recurrence and relapse. However, little is known about how iron metabolism affects liver CSCs. Here, we investigated the expression of transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1) and ferroportin (FPN), two iron importers, and an upstream regulator, iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2), in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) and related CSCs. METHODS The expression levels of TFR1, FPN and IRP2 were analysed using the GEPIA database. CSCs were derived from parental LIHC cells cultured in serum-free medium. After TFR1 knockdown, ROS accumulation and malignant behaviours were measured. The CCK-8 assay was performed to detect cell viability after TFR1 knockdown and erastin treatment. RESULTS TFR1 expression was upregulated in LIHC tissue and CSCs derived from LIHC cell lines, prompting us to investigate the roles of TFR1 in regulating CSCs. Knockdown of TFR1 expression decreased iron accumulation and inhibited malignant behaviour. Knockdown of TFR1 expression decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation induced by erastin treatment and maintained mitochondrial function, indicating that TFR1 is critical in regulating erastin-induced cell death in CSCs. Additionally, knockdown of TFR1 expression decreased sphere formation by decreasing iron accumulation in CSCs, indicating a potential role for TFR1 in maintaining stemness. CONCLUSION These findings, which revealed TFR1 as a critical regulator of LIHC CSCs in malignant behaviour and stemness that functions by regulating iron accumulation, may have implications to improve therapeutic approaches.
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Nesterova DS, Midya V, Zacharia BE, Proctor EA, Lee SY, Stetson LC, Lathia JD, Rubin JB, Waite KA, Berens ME, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Connor JR. Sexually dimorphic impact of the iron-regulating gene, HFE, on survival in glioblastoma. Neurooncol Adv 2020; 2:vdaa001. [PMID: 32642673 PMCID: PMC7212901 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdaa001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The median survival for patients with glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults, has remained approximately 1 year for more than 2 decades. Recent advances in the field have identified GBM as a sexually dimorphic disease. It is less prevalent in females and they have better survival compared to males. The molecular mechanism of this difference has not yet been established. Iron is essential for many biological processes supporting tumor growth and its regulation is impacted by sex. Therefore, we interrogated the expression of a key component of cellular iron regulation, the HFE (homeostatic iron regulatory) gene, on sexually dimorphic survival in GBM. Methods We analyzed TCGA microarray gene expression and clinical data of all primary GBM patients (IDH-wild type) to compare tumor mRNA expression of HFE with overall survival, stratified by sex. Results In low HFE expressing tumors (below median expression, n = 220), survival is modulated by both sex and MGMT status, with the combination of female sex and MGMT methylation resulting in over a 10-month survival advantage (P < .0001) over the other groups. Alternatively, expression of HFE above the median (high HFE, n = 240) is associated with significantly worse overall survival in GBM, regardless of MGMT methylation status or patient sex. Gene expression analysis uncovered a correlation between high HFE expression and expression of genes associated with immune function. Conclusions The level of HFE expression in GBM has a sexually dimorphic impact on survival. Whereas HFE expression below the median imparts a survival benefit to females, high HFE expression is associated with significantly worse overall survival regardless of established prognostic factors such as sex or MGMT methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darya S Nesterova
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vishal Midya
- Division of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brad E Zacharia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Proctor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sang Y Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lindsay C Stetson
- Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Justin D Lathia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Joshua B Rubin
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Kristin A Waite
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Population Health and Quantitative Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael E Berens
- Cancer and Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Population Health and Quantitative Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - James R Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
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13
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Wu HT, Chen WJ, Xu Y, Shen JX, Chen WT, Liu J. The Tumor Suppressive Roles and Prognostic Values of STEAP Family Members in Breast Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:9578484. [PMID: 32802887 PMCID: PMC7421016 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9578484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression patterns and prognostic values of STEAP family members in the occurrence and development of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Human Protein Atlas was used to analyze the expression level of STEAPs in human normal tissues and malignant tumors. ONCOMINE datasets were analyzed for the comparison of the STEAPs levels between malignant cancers and corresponding normal tissues. Kaplan-Meier plotter was used to analyze the prognostic value of STEAPs in breast cancer patients. RESULTS STEAPs were widely distributed in human normal tissues with diverse levels. Normally, it is predicted that STEAP1 and STEAP2 were involved in the mineral absorption process, while STEAP3 participated in the TP53 signaling pathway and iron apoptosis. The results from ONCOMINE showed downregulation of STEAP1, STEAP2, and STEAP4 in breast cancers. Survival analysis revealed that breast cancer patients with high levels of STEAP1, STEAP2, and STEAP4 had a good prognosis, while those with low expression had high overall mortality. CONCLUSION STEAP1, STEAP2, and STEAP4 are predicted to be the potential prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer patients, providing novel therapeutic strategies for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Tao Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Wen-Jia Chen
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Department of Physiology/Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ya Xu
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jia-Xin Shen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Wen-Tian Chen
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Changjiang Scholar's Laboratory/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Department of Physiology/Cancer Research Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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14
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Deng X, Lin D, Chen B, Zhang X, Xu X, Yang Z, Shen X, Yang L, Lu X, Sheng H, Yin B, Zhang N, Lin J. Development and Validation of an IDH1-Associated Immune Prognostic Signature for Diffuse Lower-Grade Glioma. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1310. [PMID: 31824866 PMCID: PMC6883600 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A mutation in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) gene is the most common mutation in diffuse lower-grade gliomas (LGGs), and it is significantly related to the prognosis of LGGs. We aimed to explore the influence of the IDH1 mutation on the immune microenvironment and develop an IDH1-associated immune prognostic signature (IPS) for predicting prognosis in LGGs. IDH1 mutation status and RNA expression were investigated in two different public cohorts. To develop an IPS, LASSO Cox analysis was conducted for immune-related genes that were differentially expressed between IDH1wt and IDH1mut LGG patients. Then, we systematically analyzed the influence of the IPS on the immune microenvironment. A total of 41 immune prognostic genes were identified based on the IDH1 mutation status. A four-gene IPS was established and LGG patients were effectively stratified into low- and high-risk groups in both the training and validation sets. Stratification analysis and multivariate Cox analysis revealed that the IPS was an independent prognostic factor. We also found that high-risk LGG patients had higher levels of infiltrating B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages and dendritic cells, and expressed higher levels of CTLA-4, PD-1 and TIM-3. Moreover, a novel nomogram model was established to estimate the overall survival in LGG patients. The current study provides novel insights into the LGG immune microenvironment and potential immunotherapies. The proposed IPS is a clinically promising biomarker that can be used to classify LGG patients into subgroups with distinct outcomes and immunophenotypes, with the potential to facilitate individualized management and improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dongdong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaojia Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xingxing Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zelin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuchao Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangqi Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hansong Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Bo Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Nu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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15
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Abstract
This review explores the multifaceted role that iron has in cancer biology. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between excess iron and increased cancer incidence and risk, while experimental studies have implicated iron in cancer initiation, tumor growth, and metastasis. The roles of iron in proliferation, metabolism, and metastasis underpin the association of iron with tumor growth and progression. Cancer cells exhibit an iron-seeking phenotype achieved through dysregulation of iron metabolic proteins. These changes are mediated, at least in part, by oncogenes and tumor suppressors. The dependence of cancer cells on iron has implications in a number of cell death pathways, including ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death. Uniquely, both iron excess and iron depletion can be utilized in anticancer therapies. Investigating the efficacy of these therapeutic approaches is an area of active research that promises substantial clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzy V Torti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA;
| | - David H Manz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA; .,School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
| | - Bibbin T Paul
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA;
| | - Nicole Blanchette-Farra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA;
| | - Frank M Torti
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA
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16
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Shen Y, Li X, Dong D, Zhang B, Xue Y, Shang P. Transferrin receptor 1 in cancer: a new sight for cancer therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2018; 8:916-931. [PMID: 30034931 PMCID: PMC6048407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron as an important element plays crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Iron metabolism behaves in systemic and cellular two levels that usually are in balance conditions. The disorders of the iron metabolism balances relate with many kinds of diseases including Alzheimer's disease, osteoporosis and various cancers. In systemic iron metabolism that is regulated by hepcidin-ferroportin axis, plasma iron is bound with transferrin (TF) which has two high-affinity binding sites for ferric iron. The generic cellular iron metabolism consists of iron intake, utilization and efflux. During the iron intake process in generic cells, transferrin receptors (TFRs) act as the most important receptor mediated controls. TFR1 and TFR2 are two subtypes of TFRs those bind with iron-transferrin complex to facilitate iron into cells. TFR1 is ubiquitously expressed on the surfaces of generic cells, whereas TFR2 is specially expressed in liver cells. TFR1 has attracted more attention than TFR2 by having diverse functions in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Recently reports showed that TFR1 involved in many kinds of diseases including anemia, neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. Most importantly, TFR1 has been verified to be abnormally expressed in various cancers. Some experimental and clinical drugs and antibodies targeting TFR1 have showed strong anti-tumor effects, herein TFR1 probably become a potential molecular target for diagnosis and treatment for cancer therapy. This paper reviewed the research progresses of the roles of TFR1 in the tumorigenesis and cancer progression, the regulations of TFR1, and the therapeutic effects of targeting TFR1 on many kinds of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shen
- School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072, Shaanxi, China
- Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhen 518057, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072, Shaanxi, China
- Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhen 518057, China
| | - Dandan Dong
- School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072, Shaanxi, China
- Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhen 518057, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072, Shaanxi, China
- Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yanru Xue
- School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072, Shaanxi, China
- Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhen 518057, China
| | - Peng Shang
- Research and Development Institute in Shenzhen, Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityShenzhen 518057, China
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environment Biophysics, School of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072, Shaanxi, China
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