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Hosen ME, Rahman MA, Rahman MS, Akash S, Khalekuzzaman M, Alsahli AA, Bourhia M, Nafidi HA, Islam MA, Zaman R. Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Camellia sinensis Leaf Extract: Promising Particles for the Treatment of Cancer and Diabetes. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301661. [PMID: 38359057 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Both diabetes and cancer pose significant threats to public health. To overcome these challenges, nanobiotechnology offers innovative solutions for the treatment of these diseases. However, the synthesis of nanoparticles can be complex, costly and environmentally toxic. Therefore, in this study, we successfully synthesized Camellia sinensis silver nanoparticles (CS-AgNPs) biologically from methanolic leaf extract of C. sinensis and as confirmed by the visual appearance which exhibited strong absorption at 456 nm in UV-visible spectroscopy. The fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis revealed that phytochemicals of C. sinensis were coated with AgNPs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed the spherical shape of CS-AgNPs, with a size of 15.954 nm, while X-ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD) analysis detected a size of 20.32 nm. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated the thermal stability of CS-AgNPs. The synthesized CS-AgNPs significantly inhibited the ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell growth with 53.42±1.101 %. The EAC cell line induced mice exhibited increased level of the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), however this elevated serum parameter significantly reduced and controlled by the treatment with CS-AgNPs. Moreover, in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice model, CS-AgNPs greatly reduced blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and creatinine levels. These findings highlight that the synthesized CS-AgNPs have significant anticancer and antidiabetic activities that could be used as promising particles for the treatment of these major diseases. However, pre-clinical and clinical trial should be addressed before use this particles as therapeutics agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Eram Hosen
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ataur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sojiur Rahman
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, 1216, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Khalekuzzaman
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, 80060, Morocco
| | - Hiba-Allah Nafidi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, 2325, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Md Asadul Islam
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Rashed Zaman
- Professor Joarder DNA and Chromosome Research Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
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Mostofa MG, Reza AA, Khan Z, Munira MS, Khatoon MM, Kabir SR, Sadik MG, Ağagündüz D, Capasso R, Kazi M, Alam AHMK. Apoptosis-inducing anti-proliferative and quantitative phytochemical profiling with in silico study of antioxidant-rich Leea aequata L. leaves. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23400. [PMID: 38170014 PMCID: PMC10759211 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been important parts of traditional medicine since ancient times, with various promising health effects. Leea aequata (L. aequata), a natural product, has been widely used for treating several diseases due to its promising pharmacological activities. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the phytochemical profiling and molecular docking of the antioxidant-rich part of L. aequata leaves and its antiproliferative activity. L. aequata leaves were extracted with methanol, followed by fractionation with the respective solvents to obtain the petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by spectrophotometric methods. The cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities were detected using MTT colorimetric and confocal microscopy methods, respectively. Phytochemical compositions were analyzed using gas chromatography‒mass spectrometry analysis. Computer aided (molecular docking SwissADME, AdmetSAR and pass prediction) analyses were undertaken to sort out the best-fit phytochemicals present in the plant responsible for antioxidant and anticancer effects. Among the fractions, the ethyl acetate fraction was the most abundant polyphenol-rich fraction and showed the highest antioxidant, reducing power, and free radical scavenging activities. Compared to untreated MCF-7 cells, ethyl acetate fraction-treated MCF-7 cells showed an increase in apoptotic characteristics, such as membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, and nuclear fragmentation, causing apoptosis and decreased proliferation of HeLa and MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, gas chromatography mass spectrometry data revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction contained 16 compounds, including methyl esters of long-chain fatty acids, which are the major chemical constituents. Moreover, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester; 9-octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester (Z, Z) and phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) are known to have antioxidant and cytotoxic activity, as confirmed by computer-aided models. A strong correlation was observed between the antioxidant and polyphenolic contents and the anticancer activity. In conclusion, we explored the possibility that L. aequata could be a promising source of antioxidants and anticancer agents with a high phytochemical profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Golam Mostofa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay (University), Mirzanagar, Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
| | - A.S.M. Ali Reza
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | - Zidan Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong 4318, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mst Mahfuza Khatoon
- Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay (University), Mirzanagar, Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Rashel Kabir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Golam Sadik
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara 06490, Turkey
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Mohsin Kazi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - AHM Khurshid Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
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Meena K, Kumar Baroliya P. Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial and Antimalarial Activities of Azines Based Schiff Bases and their Pd(II) Complexes. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300158. [PMID: 37272557 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial and antimalarial activities of azines Schiff base ligands (L1 -L4 ) and their palladium (II) complexes (C1 -C4 ) of [Pd(L)(OAc)2 ] type. The azine ligands (L1 -L4 ) were prepared by condensation of carbonyl compounds with hydrazine hydrate and their complexes by the reaction of palladium acetate with L1 -L4 ligands in 1 : 1 molar ratio. The prepared ligands and their complexes were characterized by spectral characterization using 1 H &13 C-NMR, FT-IR and mass spectral studies, which revealed that the ligands coordinates via azomethine nitrogen and heteroatom or aryl carbon with palladium. Moreover, Schiff bases and their palladium (II) complexes have been screened for their antibacterial (S. aureus, B. subtillis, and S. typhi, P. aeruginosa), antifungal (C. albicans, A. niger, and A. clavatus) and antimalarial (P. falciparum) activities. The Schiff base L4 showed good results for antibacterial against S. aureus (MIC, 50 μg/mL) and antimalarial against P. falciparum (IC50 , 0.83 μg/mL). The complex C1 showed best antibacterial activity (MIC, 62.5 μg/mL) against S. typhi and the complex C4 exhibited remarkable antimalarial activity (IC50 , 0.42 μg/mL) among the tested compounds. Thus, azines based ligands and their Pd complexes can be good antimicrobial and antimalarial agents if explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Meena
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India
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Wani MY, Ganie NA, Wani DM, Wani AW, Dar SQ, Khan AH, A Khan N, Manzar MS, Dehghani MH. The phenolic components extracted from mulberry fruits as bioactive compounds against cancer: A review. Phytother Res 2023; 37:1136-1152. [PMID: 36592613 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In Asia, mulberry has long been used to treat various infectious and internal ailments as a traditional medication. The compounds found in it have the potential to improve human health. Because there is no approved and defined evaluation procedure, it has not been formally or scientifically recognized. As a result of these investigations, a new frontier in traditional Chinese medicine has opened up, with the possibility of modernization, for the interaction between active components of mulberry and their biological activities. These studies have used current biotechnological technologies. For ages, mulberry has been used as an herbal remedy in Asia to cure various diseases and internal disorders. It has a high concentration of bioactive chemicals that benefit human health. The most abundant phenolic components extracted from white mulberry leaves are flavonoids (Kuwanons, Moracinflavans, Moragrols, and Morkotins), phenolic acids, alkaloids, and so forth. Flavonoids, benzofurans, chalcones, and alkaloids have been discovered to have cytotoxic effects on human cancer cell lines. There is growing evidence that mulberry fruits can potentially prevent cancer and other aging-related disorders due to their high concentration of bioactive polyphenolic-rich compounds and macro and micronutrients. Anthocyanins are rapidly absorbed after eating, arriving in the plasmalemma within 15-50 min and entirely removed after 6-8 hr. Due to a lack of an approved and consistent technique for its examination, it has yet to be formally or scientifically recognized. The mulberry plant is commercially grown for silkworm rearing, and less attention is paid to its bioactive molecules, which have a lot of applications in human health. This review paper discusses the phenolic compounds of white mulberry and black mulberry in detail concerning their role in cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Younus Wani
- College of Temperate Sericulture, Mirgund, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - N A Ganie
- College of Temperate Sericulture, Mirgund, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - D M Wani
- Division of Entomology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - Ab Waheed Wani
- Division of Fruit Science, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - S Q Dar
- Division of Fruit Science, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, India
| | - Afzal Husain Khan
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem A Khan
- Civil Engineering Department, Mewat Engineering College, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohammad Saood Manzar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Hadi Dehghani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Institute for Environmental Research, Center for Solid Waste Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Morus alba (White Mulberry) Leaf Extract as Potential Antibacterial and Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031213. [PMID: 36770881 PMCID: PMC9920803 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from Morus alba or white mulberry leaf extract (MLE) and assess their antibacterial and anticancer potential. The GC-MS analysis of MLE confirmed the existence of phenolic compounds, serving as reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents in the biosynthesis of AgNPs. The MLE-AgNPs were spherical, with an average particle size of 20-44.5 nm and a face-centered cubic structure. EDX spectra confirmed the formation of AgNPs, and a negative zeta potential value (-14.5 mV) suggested their physicochemical stability. Excellent antibacterial activity was demonstrated by MLE-AgNPs against Acinetobacter baumannii strains with a MIC of 2 μg/mL, while good activity was observed against other Gram-negative (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria with a MIC of 32 μg/mL. In vitro cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 (human breast cancer cells) and MCF-10A (normal human mammary epithelial cells) were investigated by the MTT assay. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) against MCF-7 cells were 18 and 33 μg/mL for MLE-AgNPs and MLE, respectively, with no effect on normal MCF-10A cells. Altogether, the results support the high antibacterial and anticancer potential of biosynthesized AgNPs by white mulberry leaf extract.
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Rahman MM, Reza ASMA, Khan MA, Sujon KM, Sharmin R, Rashid M, Sadik MG, Reza MA, Tsukahara T, Capasso R, Mosaddik A, Gobe GC, Alam AK. Unfolding the apoptotic mechanism of antioxidant enriched-leaves of Tabebuia pallida (lindl.) miers in EAC cells and mouse model. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 278:114297. [PMID: 34118341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tabebuia pallida (Lindl.) Miers (T. pallida) is a well-known native Caribbean medicinal plant. The leaves and barks of T. pallida are used as traditional medicine in the form of herbal or medicinal tea to manage cancer, fever, and pain. Moreover, extracts from the leaves of T. pallida showed anticancer activity. However, the chemical profile and mechanism of anticancer activity of T. pallida leaves (TPL), stem bark (TPSB), root bark (TPRB) and flowers (TPF) remain unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was designed to explore the regulation of apoptosis by T. pallida using Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cultured cells and an EAC mouse model. LC-ESI-MS/MS was used for compositional analysis of T. pallida extracts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Dried and powdered TPL, TPSB, TPRB and TPF were extracted with 80% methanol. Using cultured EAC cells and EAC-bearing mice with and without these extracts, anticancer activities were studied by assessing cytotoxicity and tumor cell growth inhibition, changes in life span of mice, and hematological and biochemical parameters. Apoptosis was analyzed by microscopy and expression of selected apoptosis-related genes (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, NFκ-B, PARP-1, p53, Bax, caspase-3 and -8) using RT-PCR. LC-ESI-MS analysis was performed to identify the major compounds from active extracts. Computer aided analyses was undertaken to sort out the best-fit phytoconstituent of total ten isolated compounds of this plant for antioxidant and anticancer activity. RESULTS In EAC mice compared with untreated controls, the TPL extract exhibited the highest cancer cell toxicity with significant tumor cell growth inhibition (p < 0.001), reduced ascites by body weight (p < 0.01), increased the life span (p < 0.001), normalized blood parameters (RBC/WBC counts), and increased the levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase. TPL-treated EAC cells showed increased apoptotic characteristics of membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation and nuclear fragmentation, and caspase-3 activation, compared with untreated EAC cells. Moreover, annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide signals were greatly enhanced in response to TPL treatment, indicating apoptosis induction. Pro- and anti-apoptotic signaling after TPL treatment demonstrated up-regulated p53, Bax and PARP-1, and down-regulated NFκ-B, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression, suggesting that TPL shifts the balance of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes towards cell death. LC-ESI-MS data of TPL showed a mixture of glycosides, lapachol, and quercetin antioxidant and its derivatives that were significantly linked to cancer cell targets. The compound, pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside was found to be most effective in computer aided models. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the TPL extract of T. pallida possesses significant anticancer activity. The tumor suppressive mechanism is due to apoptosis induced by activation of antioxidant enzymes and caspases and mediated by a change in the balance of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes that promotes cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahbubur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Varendra University, Rajshahi, 6204, Bangladesh.
| | - A S M Ali Reza
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh.
| | - Muhammad Ali Khan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Khaled Mahmud Sujon
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - Rokshana Sharmin
- Department of Pharmacy, Jessore University of Science and Technology, Jessore, Bangladesh.
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Golam Sadik
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Abu Reza
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - Toshifumi Tsukahara
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Technology and Division of Transdisciplinary Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi City, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan.
| | - Raffaele Capasso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055, Portici, Italy.
| | - Ashik Mosaddik
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - Glenda C Gobe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Ahm Khurshid Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
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Abd Razak N, Yeap SK, Alitheen NB, Ho WY, Yong CY, Tan SW, Tan WS, Long K. Eupatorin Suppressed Tumor Progression and Enhanced Immunity in a 4T1 Murine Breast Cancer Model. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 19:1534735420935625. [PMID: 32830560 PMCID: PMC7448146 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420935625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Eupatorin is a polymethoxy flavone extracted from Orthosiphon stamineus and was reported to exhibit cytotoxic effects on several cancer cell lines. However, its effect as an anti-breast cancer agent in vivo has yet to be determined. This study aims to elucidate the potential of eupatorin as an anti-breast cancer agent in vivo using 4T1 challenged BALB/c mice model. In this article, BALB/c mice (20-22 g) challenged with 4T1 cells were treated with 5 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg eupatorin, while the untreated and healthy mice were fed with olive oil (vehicle) via oral gavage. After 28 days of experiment, the mice were sacrificed and blood was collected for serum cytokine assay, while tumors were harvested to extract RNA and protein for gene expression assay and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Organs such as spleen and lung were harvested for immune suppression and clonogenic assay, respectively. Eupatorin (20 mg/kg) was effective in delaying the tumor development and reducing metastasis to the lung compared with the untreated mice. Eupatorin (20 mg/kg) also enhanced the immunity as the population of NK1.1+ and CD8+ in the splenocytes and the serum interferon-γ were increased. Concurrently, eupatorin treatment also has downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory and metastatic related genes (IL-1β. MMP9, TNF-α, and NF-κB). Thus, this study demonstrated that eupatorin at the highest dosage of 20 mg/kg body weight was effective in delaying the 4T1-induced breast tumor growth in the animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.,Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Wan Yong Ho
- University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Sheau Wei Tan
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wen Siang Tan
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kamariah Long
- Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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In Vitro and In Silico Toxicological Properties of Natural Antioxidant Therapeutic Agent Azimatetracantha. LAM. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081307. [PMID: 34439555 PMCID: PMC8389312 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-derived antioxidants are a large group of natural products with the capacity to reduce radical-scavenging. Due to their potent therapeutic and preventive actions, these compounds receive a lot of attention from scientists, particularly pharmacologists. The pharmacological activities of the Azima tetracantha Lam. (AT) plant, belonging to the Salvadoraceae family, reported here justifies its traditional use in treating several diseases or disorders. This study aims to look at the propensity of certain plant compounds found in natural AT plant extracts that might play a critical role as a secondary metabolite in cervical cancer treatment. There is a shortage of information on the plant’s phytochemical and biological characteristics. Methanol (MeOH) solvent extracts of the dried AT plant were screened phytochemically. Its aqueous extract was tested for antioxidant, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancerous properties. Absorption Distribution Metabolism and Excretion (ADME/T), Docking, and HPLC were also performed. In clinical treatment, the plant shown no adverse effects. The antioxidant activity was evaluated and showed the highest concentration at 150 µg/mL (63.50%). MeOH leaf extract of AT exhibited the highest and best inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus (15.3 mm/1000) and displayed a high antiseptic potential. At a 200 µg/mL concentration, MeOH leaves-extract inhibited red blood cells (RBC) hemolysis by 66.56 ± 0.40, compared with 62.33 ± 0.40 from the standard. Albumin’s ability to suppress protein denaturation ranged from 16.75 ± 0.65 to 62.35 ± 0.20 inhibitions in this test, providing even more support for its favorable anti-inflammatory properties. The ADME/T studies were considered for a potential cancer drug molecule, and one of our compounds from MeOH extract fills the ADME and toxicity parameters. The forms of compound 4 showed a strong hydrogen-bonding interaction with the vital amino acids (ASN923, THR410, LEU840TRY927, PHE921, and GLY922). A total of 90% of cell inhibition was observed when HeLa cell lines were treated with 300 µg/mL of compound 4 (7-acetyl-3a1-methyl- 4,14-dioxo-1,2,3a,3a1,4,5,5a,6,8a,9b,10,11,11a-tetradecahydro-2,5a epoxy5,6a (methanooxymethano)phenaleno[1′,9′:5,6,7]indeno[1,7a-b]oxiren-2-yl acetate). The polyphenol compounds demonstrated significant advances in anticancer drug properties, and it could lead to activation of cancer cell apoptosis.
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Mohamed AA, Elshafie HS, Sadeek SA, Camele I. Biochemical Characterization, Phytotoxic Effect and Antimicrobial Activity against Some Phytopathogens of New Gemifloxacin Schiff Base Metal Complexes. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100365. [PMID: 34288421 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
String of Fe(III), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Zr(IV) complexes were synthesized with tetradentateamino Schiff base ligand derived by condensation of ethylene diamine with gemifloxacin. The novel Schiff base (4E,4'E)-4,4'-(ethane-1,2-diyldiazanylylidene)bis{7-[(4Z)-3-(aminomethyl)-4-(methoxyimino)pyrrolidin-1-yl]-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid} (GMFX-en) and its metal complexes were identified and confirmed by elemental analyses, FT-IR, UV/VIS, 1 H-NMR spectra, magnetic susceptibility, conductometric measurements and thermal analyses. The FT-IR spectral data showed the chelation behavior of GMFX-en toward the metal ions through oxygen of carboxylate group and nitrogen of azomethine group. In the light of all spectral data, these complexes presumably have octahedral geometry configurations. Thermal analysis specified that the decaying of the metal complexes exist in two or three steps with the final residue metal oxides. Antimicrobial activity of the new prepared metal complexes was screened against some common phytopathogens and their mode of action has been also discussed. The potential phytotoxic effectiveness of the new complexes was furthermore inspected on two commonly experimental plants. The complexes showed significant antimicrobial and phytotoxic effects against the majority of tested phytopathogens and the two tested plants, respectively. The potential antimicrobial activity of the complexes proved their possibility to be used successfully in agropharmacutical industry to control many serious phytopathogens. The phytotoxicity of the studied complexes also indicated their possibility as potential bio-based herbicides alternatives to weed control in crop fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira A Mohamed
- Department of Basic Science, Zagazig Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Hazem S Elshafie
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Sadeek A Sadeek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ippolito Camele
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100, Potenza, Italy
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Reza ASMA, Haque MA, Sarker J, Nasrin MS, Rahman MM, Tareq AM, Khan Z, Rashid M, Sadik MG, Tsukahara T, Alam AHMK. Antiproliferative and antioxidant potentials of bioactive edible vegetable fraction of Achyranthes ferruginea Roxb. in cancer cell line. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3777-3805. [PMID: 34262737 PMCID: PMC8269638 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the aerial parts of Achyranthes ferruginea underwent investigation of their in vitro antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activities in cell-free conditions, their phytoconstituents using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and their cytotoxic activity in HeLa cells. A. ferruginea was extracted with 80% methanol and successively fractionated with solvents to yield petroleum ether (PEF), chloroform (CHF), ethyl acetate (EAF), and aqueous (AQF) fractions. GC-MS analysis revealed that CHF contained ten phytoconstituents, including different forms of octadecanoic acid methyl esters. The total antioxidant and ferric-reducing antioxidant capacities of the extracts and the standard catechin (CA) were as follows: CA >CHF >PEF >CME (crude methanolic extract) >EAF >AQF, and CA >CHF >EAF >PEF >AQF >CME, respectively. CHF showed the highest DPPH-free radical-scavenging activity, with a median inhibitory concentration of 10.5 ± 0.28 µg/ml, which was slightly higher than that of the standard butylated hydroxytoluene (12.0 ± 0.09 µg/ml). In the hydroxyl radical-scavenging assay, CHF showed identical scavenging activity (9.25 ± 0.73 µg/ml) when compared to CA (10.50 ± 1.06 µg/ml). Moreover, CHF showed strong cytotoxic activity (19.95 ± 1.18 µg/ml) in HeLa cells, which was alike to that of the standards vincristine sulfate and 5-fluorouracil (15.84 ± 1.64 µg/ml and 12.59 ± 1.75 µg/ml, respectively). The in silico study revealed that identified compounds were significantly linked to the targets of various cancer cells and oxidative enzymes. However, online prediction by SwissADME, admetSAR, and PASS showed that it has drug-like, nontoxic, and potential pharmacological actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. S. M. Ali Reza
- Department of PharmacyInternational Islamic University ChittagongChittagongBangladesh
| | - Md. Anwarul Haque
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of RajshahiRajshahiBangladesh
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical SciencesGraduate School of Comprehensive Human SciencesUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
- Department of Experimental PathologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaIbarakiJapan
| | - Joy Sarker
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of RajshahiRajshahiBangladesh
| | - Mst. Samima Nasrin
- Department of PharmacyInternational Islamic University ChittagongChittagongBangladesh
| | | | - Abu Montakim Tareq
- Department of PharmacyInternational Islamic University ChittagongChittagongBangladesh
| | - Zidan Khan
- Department of PharmacyInternational Islamic University ChittagongChittagongBangladesh
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of RajshahiRajshahiBangladesh
| | - Md. Golam Sadik
- Department of PharmacyUniversity of RajshahiRajshahiBangladesh
| | - Toshifumi Tsukahara
- School of Materials ScienceJapan Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyNomi CityJapan
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Anti-Angiogenic Therapy: Current Challenges and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073765. [PMID: 33916438 PMCID: PMC8038573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-angiogenic therapy is an old method to fight cancer that aims to abolish the nutrient and oxygen supply to the tumor cells through the decrease of the vascular network and the avoidance of new blood vessels formation. Most of the anti-angiogenic agents approved for cancer treatment rely on targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) actions, as VEGF signaling is considered the main angiogenesis promotor. In addition to the control of angiogenesis, these drugs can potentiate immune therapy as VEGF also exhibits immunosuppressive functions. Despite the mechanistic rational that strongly supports the benefit of drugs to stop cancer progression, they revealed to be insufficient in most cases. We hypothesize that the rehabilitation of old drugs that interfere with mechanisms of angiogenesis related to tumor microenvironment might represent a promising strategy. In this review, we deepened research on the molecular mechanisms underlying anti-angiogenic strategies and their failure and went further into the alternative mechanisms that impact angiogenesis. We concluded that the combinatory targeting of alternative effectors of angiogenic pathways might be a putative solution for anti-angiogenic therapies.
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Recent Advances in Anti-Metastatic Approaches of Herbal Medicines in 5 Major Cancers: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Drug Discovery. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040527. [PMID: 33801741 PMCID: PMC8065873 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of cancer-related death. Despite its high fatality, a comprehensive study that covers anti-metastasis of herbal medicines has not yet been conducted. The aim of this study is to investigate and assess the anti-metastatic efficacies of herbal medicines in the five major cancers, including lung, colorectal, gastric, liver, and breast cancers. We collected articles published within five years using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science with "cancer metastasis" and "herbal medicine" as keywords. Correspondingly, 16 lung cancer, 23 colorectal cancer, 10 gastric cancer, 10 liver cancer, and 18 breast cancer studies were systematically reviewed. The herbal medicines attenuated metastatic potential targeting various mechanisms such as epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and angiogenesis. Specifically, the drugs regulated metastasis related factors such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), serine-threonine protein kinase/extracellular regulated protein kinase (AKT/ERK), angiogenic factors, and chemokines. Overall, the present study is the first review, comprehensively investigating the anti-metastasis effect of herbal medicines on five major cancers, providing the experimental models, doses and durations, and mechanisms. Herbal medicines could be a potent candidate for anti-metastatic drugs.
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Shimu AS, Miah M, Billah M, Karmakar S, Mohanto SC, Khatun R, Reza MA, Hoque KMF. A comparative study of biological potentiality and EAC cell growth inhibition activity of Phyllanthus acidus (L.) fruit pulp and seed in Bangladesh. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:2014-2022. [PMID: 33732088 PMCID: PMC7938185 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal plant-derived bioactive compounds have recently gained more interest in biological research as an important source of novel drug candidates. Phyllanthus acidus (L.) is a widely distributed herbal medicinal plant naturally used in Ayurvedic medicine in Bangladesh. The present study focused on exploring the biological potential as well as the inhibitory effect of EAC cell growth with a comparative analysis between Phyllanthus acidus fruit pulp and seed. Crude methanol extract of P. acidus (MEPA) fruit pulp and seed was assessed as DPPH and NO free radical scavengers. While Brine Shrimp lethality bioassay, the standard protocol of phytochemical screening and hemagglutination assay were performed successively to determine the toxic effect on normal cells, the identification of some crucial phytochemicals, and the existence of lectin protein. EAC (Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma) cell growth inhibition was determined by hemocytometer and morphological changes of EAC cells were observed by a fluorescence microscope using Swiss albino mice. The IC50 value of MEPA fruit pulp and seed was obtained as 57.159 µg/ml and 288.743 µg/ml respectively where minimal toxic effects on Brine Shrimp nauplii demonstrates that it is a good source of natural antioxidant compounds. Again, MEPA fruit pulp and seed-mediated effective agglutination of mouse blood erythrocyte strongly support the presence of lectin protein. Furthermore, MEPA fruit pulp and seed extract-treated EAC cells showed 65.71% and 28.57% growth inhibition respectively. The fluorescent microscopic examination of EAC cells treated with MEPA fruit pulp has shown more remarkable structural changes in the nucleus than that of seed. Based on the above findings, the present study reveals that MEPA fruit pulp can be considered as a novel biological candidate for the treatment of fatal diseases shortly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajmeri Sultana Shimu
- Corresponding authors at: Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh (AS Shimu and KMF Hoque).
| | - Masum Miah
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Mutasim Billah
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Sumon Karmakar
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Sumon Chandro Mohanto
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Ratna Khatun
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abu Reza
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Md. Faisal Hoque
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
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14
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Islam MS, Rahi MS, Jahangir CA, Jerin I, Hasan MM, Hoque KMF, Reza MA. Deciphering the molecular pathways of apoptosis using purified fractions from leaf extract of Basella alba through studying the regulation of apoptosis related genes. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:85-96. [PMID: 33454909 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06136-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis plays a pivotal role in the exclusion of abnormal cells without any ruin of surrounding healthy cells. Generally, it occurs through an orderly and autonomously process which is controlled by proper function of various genes. Therefore, the current experiments detect the expression level/pattern of those genes to confirm the involvement of extrinsic and intrinsic pathway using Basella alba leaf (BAL). Several fractions after gel filtration chromatography of BAL extract have been pooled to evaluates its apoptosis induction potentiality on Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) cells through conducting a number of bio-assays such as cell growth inhibition assay, fluorescence and optical microscopy, DNA fragmentation assay and gene expression analysis etc. The pooled fractions of BAL showed 12-56% inhibitory effect on EAC cell line at the concentration range of 25-400 μg/ml that was determined by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. They also exhibited excellent cell growth inhibition at in vivo and in vitro condition when treated with 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg day. After administration of six consequent days, significant morphological features of apoptosis were observed in EAC cells under both fluorescence and optical microscope which was further supported by DNA fragmentation assay. The polymerase chain reaction amplification of bax, bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2), p53, tumor necrosis factor-α, Fas, NF-kβ (Nuclear factor-Kappa-B), PARP-1 (Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase), Cyt-c cas-8, cas-9 and cas-3 revealed that the experimental sample able to induce apoptosis in both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways through altering the gene expression. The current findings suggest that sample from BAL occupy wonderful competence to induce cell apoptosis and become an ideal resource for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shihabul Islam
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sifat Rahi
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Chowdhury Arif Jahangir
- Cancer Biology and Therapeutics Laboratory, School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Israt Jerin
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahmudul Hasan
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Md Faisal Hoque
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Reza
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
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15
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Rahim A, Mostofa MG, Sadik MG, Rahman MAA, Khalil MI, Tsukahara T, Nakagawa-Goto K, Alam AHMK. The anticancer activity of two glycosides from the leaves of Leea aequata L. Nat Prod Res 2020; 35:5867-5871. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1798661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rahim
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Md. Golam Mostofa
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Golam Sadik
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Ibrahim Khalil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar Union, Bangladesh
| | - Toshifumi Tsukahara
- Division of Transdisciplinary Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi City, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - KyoKo Nakagawa-Goto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - AHM Khurshid Alam
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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16
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Rahi MS, Islam MS, Jerin I, Jahangir CA, Hasan MM, Hoque KMF, Reza MA. Differential expression of Bax-Bcl-2 and PARP-1 confirms apoptosis of EAC cells in Swiss albino mice by Morus laevigata. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13342. [PMID: 32578902 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A safer natural alternative to treat neoplastic cells by inducing apoptosis is a prime requisite. Therefore, the current study was to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of Morus laevigata, a wild-type Mulberry species. Antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of aqueous extracts of M. laevigata leaf (MLL) and M. laevigata bark (MLB) were evaluated. The in vivo cell growth inhibition was assessed on Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) bearing mice model. Fluorescent microscopy and expression of PARP-1, Bax, and Bcl-2 through qPCR were performed to evaluate apoptosis. MLL and MLB extracts show promising antioxidant property with an IC50 value of 186.76 µg/ml and 352.97 µg/ml, respectively, with a decent LD50 value of 99.16 µg/ml and 92.54 µg/ml for MLL and MLB extract, respectively, indicated notable cytotoxicity. Cell growth inhibition was observed using MLL and MLB extracts were 68.33% and 48.66%, respectively. The morphological alteration, DNA fragmentation, and differential expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and PARP-1 confirm the induction of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Plant-based medicine always plays a tremendous role in preventing several fatal diseases like cancer. The study evaluated the anticancer activity of a wild-type mulberry. Moreover, the potent antioxidant activity of the plant makes it possible to be a great candidate for cancer remedy. Besides, the molecular expression of the genes related to apoptosis confirms the plant's bioactive compounds could be a drug lead to neoplastic cells in the future. Presences of an immense antioxidant properties urge that they can be contribute in cancer treatment through the cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sifat Rahi
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh.,Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shihabul Islam
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Israt Jerin
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Chowdhury Arif Jahangir
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahmudul Hasan
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Md Faisal Hoque
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Reza
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
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Methanolic Bark Extract of Abroma augusta (L.) Induces Apoptosis in EAC Cells through Altered Expression of Apoptosis Regulatory Genes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:9145626. [PMID: 32351610 PMCID: PMC7178513 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9145626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abroma augusta (L.), one of the herbal medicinal plants, is widely used for treatment of various maladies. The present study was initiated to determine the antioxidant, hemolytic, cytotoxicity, and anticancer activities of methanolic extract from the bark of the plant. The phytochemical screening was done by analyzing different phytochemicals present in the extract. We observed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids, flavonoids, reducing sugars, and glycosides in the bark extract which showed the highest antioxidant capacity. Antioxidant potential of the methanolic extract was evaluated in vitro by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging assay method. This extract showed prominent scavenging activity with IC50 value of 38.65 μg/ml. The hemolytic activity of the extract was evaluated at concentrations ranging from 250 to 1000 μg/ml. It was observed that the extract induced hemolysis percentage of 9.41% to 4.1%, which implies that the extract has no potent hemolytic activity. Cytotoxicity and anticancer activities were observed on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. In addition, the bark showed promising cytotoxicity with IC50 value of 329.41 μg/ml, and the study indicated that the extract was capable of inhibiting EAC cell growth by 75.5% when administered at 100 mg/kg/day body weight intraperitoneally for five consecutive days to Swiss albino mice. Morphological change of apoptotic cell was determined by fluorescence and optical microscopy. DNA fragmentation is another marker for apoptosis, and the bark extract-treated EAC cells showed smeared and fragmented DNA bands. Apoptosis correlated well with the upregulation of p53 and Bax and also with the downregulation of NF-κB and Bcl-2. Furthermore, activity and interaction of two A. augusta compounds were tested through molecular docking simulation study. In conclusion, our results suggest that A. augusta bark has the potential to be considered as an anticancer agent.
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18
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Rauf A, Shah A, Munawar KS, Ali S, Nawaz Tahir M, Javed M, Khan AM. Synthesis, physicochemical elucidation, biological screening and molecular docking studies of a Schiff base and its metal(II) complexes. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Islam MS, Jahangir CA, Rahi MS, Hasan MM, Sajib SA, Hoque KMF, Reza MA. In-vivo antiproliferative activity of Morus latifolia leaf and bark extracts against Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma. Toxicol Res 2020; 36:79-88. [PMID: 31998627 PMCID: PMC6988622 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-019-00011-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second death causing disease all over the world and until today 100 different types of cancer have been identified whose treatment methods consist of serious side effects on human body. To reduce the frequency of adverse effects of cancer treatment, nowadays plant derived natural components are getting priority. The plant Morus latifolia is widely available in northern part of Bangladesh. The earlier researches suggested that popular varieties of some Morus sp. like Morus alba, Morus indica etc. have good anti-proliferative activity. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the anti-proliferative activity of leaf and bark extracts of M. latifolia against Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC) in vivo. The leaf and bark extracts of M. latifolia were used in several bioassays including Brine shrimp lethality test, hemagglutination activity test, antioxidant activity test, and cell growth inhibition test. Besides, fluorescence microscopy was performed to study apoptotic features in EAC cells, and molecular analysis like real-time PCR were also conducted. The results of Brine shrimp lethality test, hemagglutination activity test, and antioxidant activity assay supported the cell growth inhibition capability of leaf and bark extracts which was confirmed by in vivo cell growth inhibition bioassay. Moreover, the experimental extracts were able to induce cell apoptotis through altering the expression pattern of Bcl-2 and Bax genes. All of the results of this study suggest that several noble compounds are present in M. latifolia plant extracts which are capable for healing cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Shihabul Islam
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205 Bangladesh
| | - Chowdhury Arif Jahangir
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sifat Rahi
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mahmudul Hasan
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205 Bangladesh
| | - Salek Ahmed Sajib
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205 Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Md. Faisal Hoque
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205 Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Reza
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Science, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205 Bangladesh
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Hasan MM, Islam MS, Hoque KMF, Haque A, Reza MA. Effect of Citrus macroptera Fruit Pulp Juice on Alteration of Caspase Pathway Rendering Anti-Proliferative Activity against Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma in Mice. Toxicol Res 2019; 35:271-277. [PMID: 31341556 PMCID: PMC6629448 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2019.35.3.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Citrus macroptera (Rutaceae) has long been used in folk medicine in Bangladesh. Considering the folkloric context, this study was aimed to scrutinize anti-proliferative activity of C. macroptera fruit pulp juice (CMFPJ) against Ehrlich's ascites carcinoma (EAC). The anti-proliferative capacity of CMFPJ was investigated and confirmed primarily using MTT assay. In vivo anti-proliferative aptitude of CMFPJ was investigated with 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal (i.p.) treatment. Anti-proliferative efficacy of CMFPJ was assessed based on EAC growth inhibition. CMFPJ inhibited EAC growth in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. And the percentages of in vivo EAC growth inhibition were 19.53, 49.2, and 68.9% at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg CMFPJ respectively. CMFPJ significantly induced expression of apoptosis regulatory genes caspase-8, caspase-9, cytochrome-c, and caspase-3. This considerable anti-cancer activity was perhaps due to combinatorial effect of lectin, polyphenols, and flavonoids present in CMFPJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mahmudul Hasan
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi,
Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shihabul Islam
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi,
Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Md. Faisal Hoque
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi,
Bangladesh
| | - Ariful Haque
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi,
Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Reza
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Earth Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi,
Bangladesh
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Rahman MM, Hossain ASMS, Mostofa MG, Khan MA, Ali R, Mosaddik A, Sadik MG, Alam AHMK. Evaluation of anti-ROS and anticancer properties of Tabebuia pallida L. Leaves. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-019-0111-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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22
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Chao X, Wang G, Tang Y, Dong C, Li H, Wang B, Wu J, Zhao J. The effects and mechanism of peiminine-induced apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0201864. [PMID: 30615617 PMCID: PMC6322737 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Peiminine is a compound isolated from Bolbostemma paniculatum (Maxim) Franquet (Cucurbitaceae family), which has demonstrated antitumor activities. But its precise molecular mechanism underlying antitumor activity remain elusive. In this study, peiminine-induced apoptosis towards human hepatocellular carcinoma and its molecular mechanism were investigated. MTT assay was employed to assess anticancer effects of peiminine upon Hela, HepG2, SW480 and MCF-7 cell lines. Nuclear staining and flow cytometry were carried out to detect apoptosis induced by peiminine. Mitochondrial membrane potential evaluation and Western blot analysis were performed to investigate the mechanism of peiminine-induced apoptosis. The results showed peiminine reduced the viability of HepG2 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner and had an IC50 of 4.58 μg/mL at 24h. Peiminine significantly increased the percentage of apoptotic cells and the mitochondrial membrane potential dose-dependently in HepG2 cells. The results of Western blotting indicated the expressions of Bcl-2, procaspase-3, procaspase-8, procaspase-9, and PARP decreased in HepG2 cells treated with peiminine, while the expressions of Bax, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and cleaved PARP1 increased. The result suggests that peiminine can induce apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells through both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P. R.China
- The College of Basic Medicine Sciences, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R.China
| | - Guoquan Wang
- The College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R.China
| | - Yuping Tang
- The College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R.China
| | - Changhu Dong
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P. R.China
| | - Hong Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P. R.China
| | - Bin Wang
- The College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R.China
| | - Jieqiong Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, P. R.China
| | - Jiarong Zhao
- The College of Basic Medicine Sciences, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P. R.China
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Islam MS, Rahi MS, Jahangir CA, Rahman MH, Jerin I, Amin R, Hoque KMF, Reza MA. In Vivo Anticancer Activity of Basella alba Leaf and Seed Extracts against Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) Cell Line. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:1537896. [PMID: 30581479 PMCID: PMC6276454 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1537896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. The current treatment options of cancer are radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, and surgery, where all of them have unpleasant side effects. Due to their adverse side effects, it is challenging to develop new drug for cancer treatment. Hence, the scientists are trying to seek for noble compounds from natural sources to treat cancer. Therefore, in the present investigation, a widely consumable vegetable Basella alba was subjected to evaluate its antiproliferative effect along with molecular signaling of apoptosis in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cell line. Cell growth inhibition was determined by haemocytometer whereas apoptosis of cancer cells were studied by florescence microscope using Hoechst-33342 stain and result was supported by DNA fragmentation and certain cancer related genes expression through PCR analysis. B. alba leaf and seed extract exhibit a considerable scavenging activity in comparison to a standard antioxidant BHT. Moreover, the leaf and seed extracts were able to agglutinate 2% RBC of goat blood at minimum 12.5μg/ml and 50.0μg/ml concentration, respectively. A significant cytotoxic activity was also found in both leaf and seed extract. In haemocytometic observation, the leaf and seed extracts exhibit about 62.54±2.41% and 53.96±2.34% cell growth inhibition, respectively, whereas standard anticancer drug Bleomycin showed 79.43±1.92% growth inhibition. Morphological alteration under fluorescence microscope showed nuclear condensation and fragmentation which is the sign of apoptosis. Apoptosis induction was also confirmed by DNA laddering in leaf and seed treated EAC cells. Upregulation of the tumor suppressor gene P53 and downregulation of antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 enumerate apoptosis induction. Therefore, current study manifested that leaf and seed extracts of B. alba have antiproliferative activity against EAC cell line and can be a potent source of anticancer agents to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Shihabul Islam
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 3rd Science Building, Level No. 4, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sifat Rahi
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 3rd Science Building, Level No. 4, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Chowdhury Arif Jahangir
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 3rd Science Building, Level No. 4, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 3rd Science Building, Level No. 4, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Israt Jerin
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 3rd Science Building, Level No. 4, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Ruhul Amin
- Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Laboratory, Rajshahi 6206, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Md. Faisal Hoque
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 3rd Science Building, Level No. 4, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Reza
- Molecular Biology and Protein Science Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 3rd Science Building, Level No. 4, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
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Al-Dabbagh B, Elhaty IA, Al Hrout A, Al Sakkaf R, El-Awady R, Ashraf SS, Amin A. Antioxidant and anticancer activities of Trigonella foenum-graecum, Cassia acutifolia and Rhazya stricta. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:240. [PMID: 30134897 PMCID: PMC6103858 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2285-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Here, we determined in vitro antioxidant activity, total phenols and flavonoids and evaluated antiproliferative activity of three medicinal plant extracts: Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fenugreek), Cassia acutifolia (Senna) and Rhazya stricta (Harmal). METHODS The leaves of the three medicinal plants were extracted with 70% ethanol. Antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined by using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay. Total flavonoid and phenolic contents were determined using colorimetric assays. MTT assay was used to estimate the antiproliferative activities of the extracts against human hepatoma (HepG2) cancer cell line. In addition, the effects of R. stricta extract on cell cycle, colony formation, and wound healing of HepG2 cells and tube formation of HUVEC cells were assessed. RESULTS Percentage inhibition of DPPH scavenging activity were dose-dependent and ranged between (89.9% ± 0.51) and (28.6% ± 2.07). Phenolic contents ranged between (11.5 ± 0.013) and (9.7 ± 0.008) mg GAE/g while flavonoid content ranged between (20.8 ± 0.40) and (0.12 ± 0.0.01) mg QE/g. Antiproliferative results of the extracts were found to be consistent with their antioxidant activity. Among the extracts evaluated, that of R. stricta showed the best antioxidant, antiproliferative and antimetastatic activities at low concentration. It also inhibited the colony-formation capacity of HepG2 cells and exhibited antiangiogenic activity. Cell cycle analysis showed significant arrest of cells at G2/M phase 12 and 48 h after treatment and significant arrest at G1/S phase after 24 h of treatment. Consistent data were observed in western blot analysis of protein levels of Cdc2 and its cyclin partners. CONCLUSIONS These findings introduce R. stricta as a potentially useful anti-metastatic agent and a novel potential anti-tumour agent for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayan Al-Dabbagh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Ismail A. Elhaty
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Ala’a Al Hrout
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Reem Al Sakkaf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, Sharjah Institute for Medical Research and College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - S. Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, PO Box 15551, Al Ain, UAE
- Zoology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Moringa oleifera seed lectin inhibits Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell growth by inducing apoptosis through the regulation of Bak and NF-κB gene expression. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:1936-1944. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Rauf A, Shah A, Munawar KS, Khan AA, Abbasi R, Yameen MA, Khan AM, Khan AR, Qureshi IZ, Kraatz HB, Zia-ur-Rehman. Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, DFT optimization and biological activities of Schiff bases and their metal (II) complexes. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.05.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Park SB, Park GH, Song HM, Son HJ, Um Y, Kim HS, Jeong JB. Anticancer activity of calyx of Diospyros kaki Thunb. through downregulation of cyclin D1 via inducing proteasomal degradation and transcriptional inhibition in human colorectal cancer cells. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:445. [PMID: 28870200 PMCID: PMC5584323 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1954-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although it has been reported to contain high polyphenols, the pharmacological studies of the calyx of Diospyros kaki Thunb (DKC) have not been elucidated in detail. In this study, we elucidated anti-cancer activity and potential molecular mechanism of DKC against human colorectal cancer cells. METHODS Anti-cell proliferative effect of 70% ethanol extracts from the calyx of Diospyros kaki (DKC-E70) was evaluated by MTT assay. The effect of DKC-E70 on the expression of cyclin D1 in the protein and mRNA level was evaluated by Western blot and RT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS DKC-E70 suppressed the proliferation of human colorectal cancer cell lines such as HCT116, SW480, LoVo and HT-29. Although DKC-E70 decreased cyclin D1 expression in protein and mRNA level, decreased level of cyclin D1 protein by DKC-E70 occurred at the earlier time than that of cyclin D1 mRNA, which indicates that DKC-E70-mediated downregulation of cyclin D1 protein may be a consequence of the induction of degradation and transcriptional inhibition of cyclin D1. In cyclin D1 degradation, we found that cyclin D1 downregulation by DKC-E70 was attenuated in presence of MG132. In addition, DKC-E70 phosphorylated threonine-286 (T286) of cyclin D1 and T286A abolished cyclin D1 downregulation by DKC-E70. We also observed that DKC-E70-mediated T286 phosphorylation and subsequent cyclin D1 degradation was blocked in presence of the inhibitors of ERK1/2, p38 or GSK3β. In cyclin D1 transcriptional inhibition, DKC-E70 inhibited the expression of β-catenin and TCF4, and β-catenin/TCF-dependent luciferase activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that DKC-E70 may downregulate cyclin D1 as one of the potential anti-cancer targets through cyclin D1 degradation by T286 phosphorylation dependent on ERK1/2, p38 or GSK3β, and cyclin D1 transcriptional inhibition through Wnt signaling. From these findings, DKC-E70 has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemoprevention or therapeutic agents for human colorectal cancer.
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Sun S, Yang S, Dai M, Jia X, Wang Q, Zhang Z, Mao Y. The effect of Astragalus polysaccharides on attenuation of diabetic cardiomyopathy through inhibiting the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways in high glucose -stimulated H9C2 cells. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:310. [PMID: 28610566 PMCID: PMC5470251 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1828-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Apoptosis plays a critical role in the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). Astragalus polysaccharides (APS), an extract of astragalus membranaceus (AM), is an effective cardioprotectant. Currently, little is known about the detailed mechanisms underlying cardioprotective effects of APS. The aims of this study were to investigate the potential effects and mechanisms of APS on apoptosis employing a model of high glucose induction of apoptosis in H9C2 cells. Methods A model of high glucose induction of H9C2 cell apoptosis was adopted in this research. The cell viabilities were analyzed by MTT assay, and the apoptotic response was quantified by flow cytometry. The expression levels of the apoptosis related proteins were determined by Real-time PCR and western blotting. Results Incubation of H9C2 cells with various concentrations of glucose (i.e., 5.5, 12.5, 25, 33 and 44 mmol/L) for 24 h revealed that cell viability was reduced by high glucose dose-dependently. Pretreatment of cells with APS could inhibit high glucose-induced H9C2 cell apoptosis by decreasing the expressions of caspases and the release of cytochrome C from mitochondria to cytoplasm. Further experiments also showed that APS could modulate the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax in mitochondria. Conclusions APS decreases high glucose-induced H9C2 cell apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins of both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways and modulating the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax in mitochondria.
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Curcumin Analogue CA15 Exhibits Anticancer Effects on HEp-2 Cells via Targeting NF- κB. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:4751260. [PMID: 28409156 PMCID: PMC5376929 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4751260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Laryngeal carcinoma remains one of the most common malignancies, and curcumin has been proven to be effective against head and neck cancers in vitro. However, it has not yet been applied in clinical settings due to its low stability. In the current study, we synthesized 34 monocarbonyl analogues of curcumin with stable structures. CA15, which exhibited a stronger inhibited effect on laryngeal cancer cells HEp-2 but a lower toxicity on hepatic cells HL-7702 in MTT assay, was selected for further analysis. The effects of CA15 on cell viability, proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and NF-κB activation were measured using MTT, Transwell migration, flow cytometry, Western blot, and immunofluorescence assays in HEp-2 cells. An NF-κB inhibitor, BMS-345541, as well as curcumin was also tested. Results showed that CA15 induced decreased toxicity towards HL-7702 cells compared to curcumin and BMS-345541. However, similar to BMS-345541 and curcumin, CA15 not only significantly inhibited proliferation and migration and induced caspase-3-dependent apoptosis but also attenuated TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation in HEp-2 cells. These results demonstrated that curcumin analogue CA15 exhibited anticancer effects on laryngeal cancer cells via targeting of NF-κB.
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