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Zhao Q, Li J, Shang Q, Jiang J, Pu H, Fang X, Qin X, Zhou J, Wang N, Wang X, Gu W. Optimization of the Extraction Process and Biological Activities of Triterpenoids of Schisandra sphenanthera from Different Medicinal Parts and Growth Stages. Molecules 2024; 29:2199. [PMID: 38792061 PMCID: PMC11123978 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils., as a traditional Chinese medicine, has important medicinal value. In the market, the availability of the fruit of S. sphenanthera mainly relies on wild picking, but many canes and leaves are discarded during wild collection, resulting in a waste of resources. The canes and leaves of S. sphenanthera contain various bioactive ingredients and can be used as spice, tea, and medicine and so present great utilization opportunities. Therefore, it is helpful to explore the effective components and biological activities of the canes and leaves to utilize S. sphenanthera fully. In this study, the response surface method with ultrasound was used to extract the total triterpenoids from the canes and leaves of S. sphenanthera at different stages. The content of total triterpenoids in the leaves at different stages was higher than that in the canes. The total triterpenoids in the canes and leaves had strong antioxidant and antibacterial abilities. At the same time, the antibacterial activity of the total triterpenoids against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was stronger than that against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. This study provides the foundation for the development and utilization of the canes and leaves that would relieve the shortage of fruit resources of S. sphenanthera.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaorui Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (Q.Z.); (J.L.); (Q.S.); (J.J.); (H.P.); (X.F.); (X.Q.); (J.Z.); (N.W.)
| | - Wei Gu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China; (Q.Z.); (J.L.); (Q.S.); (J.J.); (H.P.); (X.F.); (X.Q.); (J.Z.); (N.W.)
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2
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Santinon C, Borges A, Simões M, Gonçalves ASC, Beppu MM, Vieira MGA. Visible-light photoactivated proanthocyanidin and kappa-carrageenan coating with anti-adhesive properties against clinically relevant bacteria. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130611. [PMID: 38447837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The increase of bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a growing concern worldwide and the search for new therapies could cost billions of dollars and countless lives. Inert surfaces are major sources of contamination due to easier adhesion and formation of bacterial biofilms, hindering the disinfection process. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a photoactivatable and anti-adhesive kappa-carrageenan coating using proanthocyanidin as a photosensitizer. The complete reduction (>5-log10 CFU/cm3) of culturable cells of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogens was achieved after 30 min of exposure to visible light (420 nm; 30 mW/cm2) with 5 % (w/v) of the photosensitizer. Cell membrane damage was confirmed by measuring potassium leakage, epifluorescence microscopy and bacterial motility analysis. Overall, visible light irradiation on coated solid surfaces mediated by proanthocyanidin showed no cytotoxicity and inactivated clinically important pathogens through the generation of reactive oxygen species, inhibiting bacterial initial adhesion. The developed coating is a promising alternative for a wide range of applications related to surface disinfection and food biopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Santinon
- ªSchool of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Albert Einstein Av., 500, 13083-852 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Anabela Borges
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ariana S C Gonçalves
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marisa Masumi Beppu
- ªSchool of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Albert Einstein Av., 500, 13083-852 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Melissa Gurgel Adeodato Vieira
- ªSchool of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Albert Einstein Av., 500, 13083-852 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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3
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Montoya C, Roldan L, Yu M, Valliani S, Ta C, Yang M, Orrego S. Smart dental materials for antimicrobial applications. Bioact Mater 2023; 24:1-19. [PMID: 36582351 PMCID: PMC9763696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Smart biomaterials can sense and react to physiological or external environmental stimuli (e.g., mechanical, chemical, electrical, or magnetic signals). The last decades have seen exponential growth in the use and development of smart dental biomaterials for antimicrobial applications in dentistry. These biomaterial systems offer improved efficacy and controllable bio-functionalities to prevent infections and extend the longevity of dental devices. This review article presents the current state-of-the-art of design, evaluation, advantages, and limitations of bioactive and stimuli-responsive and autonomous dental materials for antimicrobial applications. First, the importance and classification of smart biomaterials are discussed. Second, the categories of bioresponsive antibacterial dental materials are systematically itemized based on different stimuli, including pH, enzymes, light, magnetic field, and vibrations. For each category, their antimicrobial mechanism, applications, and examples are discussed. Finally, we examined the limitations and obstacles required to develop clinically relevant applications of these appealing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Montoya
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lina Roldan
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Bioengineering Research Group (GIB), Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Michelle Yu
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sara Valliani
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christina Ta
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maobin Yang
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Endodontology, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Bioengineering Department, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Santiago Orrego
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Bioengineering Department, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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4
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Zayed N, Figueiredo J, Van Holm W, Boon N, Bernaerts K, Teughels W. Mode of killing determines the necrotrophic response of oral bacteria. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2184930. [PMID: 36926228 PMCID: PMC10013485 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2184930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bacteria respond to changes in their environment, such as nutrient depletion and antimicrobials exposure. Antimicrobials result not only in bacterial death, but also have a hand in determining species abundances and ecology of the oral biofilms. Proximity of dead bacterial cells to living ones is an important environmental change or stress factor. Dead bacteria represent high concentrations of nutrients, such as proteins, lipids, sugars, and nucleic acids. Living bacteria can use these biomasses as a nutrients source, which is termed necrotrophy. Aim This study investigates the effect of exposing living oral bacteria (planktonic and biofilms) to their dead siblings after being killed by heat or hydrogen peroxide. Results Tested bacterial species showed different responses towards the dead cells, depending on the mode of killing, the nutritional value of the culture media, and the the dead cells density. The multispecies oral biofilms showed different responses towards the supplementation of dead cells during biofilm development, while matured biofilms were more resilient. Conclusion This study indicates that dead bacteria resulting from antiseptics use may imbalance the nutrient availability in the oral cavity, resulting in overgrowth of opportunistic species, and hence ecological changes in oral communities, or introducing new bacterial phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiera Zayed
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Joana Figueiredo
- Faculty of bioscience engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Wannes Van Holm
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University (UGent), Gent, Belgium
| | - Kristel Bernaerts
- Chemical and Biochemical Reactor Engineering and Safety, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven Chem&Tech, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Teughels
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Leuven, Belgium
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Physical Approaches to Prevent and Treat Bacterial Biofilm. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:antibiotics12010054. [PMID: 36671255 PMCID: PMC9854850 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) presents several clinical challenges. This is in large part due to the formation of biofilm which can make infection eradication exceedingly difficult. Following an extensive literature search, this review surveys a variety of non-pharmacological methods of preventing and/or treating biofilm within the body and how they could be utilized in the treatment of PJI. Special attention has been paid to physical strategies such as heat, light, sound, and electromagnetic energy, and their uses in biofilm treatment. Though these methods are still under study, they offer a potential means to reduce the morbidity and financial burden related to multiple stage revisions and prolonged systemic antibiotic courses that make up the current gold standard in PJI treatment. Given that these options are still in the early stages of development and offer their own strengths and weaknesses, this review offers an assessment of each method, the progress made on each, and allows for comparison of methods with discussion of future challenges to their implementation in a clinical setting.
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6
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Li J, Hao R, Zhang J, Shan B, Xu X, Li Y, Ye Y, Xu H. Proteomics study on immobilization of Pb(II) by Penicillium polonicum. Fungal Biol 2022; 126:449-460. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Inhibition mechanism of high voltage prick electrostatic field (HVPEF) on Staphylococcus aureus through ROS-mediated oxidative stress. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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8
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Zou P, Cao P, Liu J, Li P, Luan Q. Comparisons of the killing effect of direct current partially mediated by reactive oxygen species on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia in planktonic state and biofilm state - an in vitro study. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:459-467. [PMID: 35028071 PMCID: PMC8739843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2021.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Bacterial biofilms formed on the surface of tissues and biomaterials are major causes of chronic infections in humans. Among them, Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia) are anaerobic pathogens causing dental infections associated with periodontitis. In this study, we evaluated the killing effect and underlying mechanisms of direct current (DC) as an antimicrobial method in vitro. Materials and methods We chose P. gingivalis and P. intermedia in different states to make comparisons of the killing effect of DC. By viable bacteria counting, fluorescent live/dead staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, addition of ROS scavenger DMTU and mRNA expression assay of ROS scavenging genes, the role of ROS in the killing effect was explored. Results The planktonic and biofilm states of two bacteria could be effectively killed by low-intensity DC. For the killing effect of 1000 μA DC, there were significant differences whether on planktonic P. gingivalis and P. intermedia (mean killing values: 2.40 vs 2.62 log10 CFU/mL) or on biofilm state of those (mean killing values: 0.63 vs 0.98 log10 CFU/mL). 1000 μA DC greatly induced ROS production and the mRNA expression of ROS scavenging genes. DMTU could partially decrease the killing values of DC and downregulate corresponding gene’s expression. Conclusion 1000 μA DC can kill P. gingivalis and P. intermedia in two states by promoting overproduction of ROS, and P. intermedia is more sensitive to DC than P. gingivalis. These findings indicate low-intensity DC may be a promising approach in treating periodontal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihui Zou
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, China
| | - Pei Cao
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, China
| | - Qingxian Luan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, NO.22, Zhongguancun South Avenue, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, PR, China.
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Rather MA, Gupta K, Mandal M. Microbial biofilm: formation, architecture, antibiotic resistance, and control strategies. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1701-1718. [PMID: 34558029 PMCID: PMC8578483 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00624-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The assembly of microorganisms over a surface and their ability to develop resistance against available antibiotics are major concerns of interest. To survive against harsh environmental conditions including known antibiotics, the microorganisms form a unique structure, referred to as biofilm. The mechanism of biofilm formation is triggered and regulated by quorum sensing, hostile environmental conditions, nutrient availability, hydrodynamic conditions, cell-to-cell communication, signaling cascades, and secondary messengers. Antibiotic resistance, escape of microbes from the body's immune system, recalcitrant infections, biofilm-associated deaths, and food spoilage are some of the problems associated with microbial biofilms which pose a threat to humans, veterinary, and food processing sectors. In this review, we focus in detail on biofilm formation, its architecture, composition, genes and signaling cascades involved, and multifold antibiotic resistance exhibited by microorganisms dwelling within biofilms. We also highlight different physical, chemical, and biological biofilm control strategies including those based on plant products. So, this review aims at providing researchers the knowledge regarding recent advances on the mechanisms involved in biofilm formation at the molecular level as well as the emergent method used to get rid of antibiotic-resistant and life-threatening biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzamil Ahmad Rather
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University (A Central University), Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Kuldeep Gupta
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University (A Central University), Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India
| | - Manabendra Mandal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University (A Central University), Napaam, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India.
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Zou P, Li P, Liu J, Cao P, Luan Q. Direct current exerts electricidal and bioelectric effects on Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms partially via promoting oxidative stress and antibiotic transport. J Microbiol 2021; 60:70-78. [PMID: 34826101 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-1238-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Low electric current can inhibit certain microbial biofilms and enhance the efficacy of antimicrobials against them. This study investigated the electricidal and bioelectric effects of direct current (DC) against Porphyromonas gingivalis biofilms as well as the underlying mechanisms. Here, we firstly showed that DC significantly suppressed biofilm formation of P. gingivalis in time- and intensity-dependent manners, and markedly inhibited preformed P. gingivalis biofilms. Moreover, DC enhanced the killing efficacy of metronidazole (MTZ) and amoxicillin with clavulanate potassium (AMC) against the biofilms. Notably, DC-treated biofilms displayed upregulated intracellular ROS and expression of ROS related genes (sod, feoB, and oxyR) as well as porin gene. Interestingly, DC-induced killing of biofilms was partially reversed by ROS scavenger N-dimethylthiourea (DMTU), and the synergistic effect of DC with MTZ/AMC was weakened by small interfering RNA of porin gene (si-Porin). In conclusion, DC can exert electricidal and bioelectric effects against P. gingivalis biofilms partially via promotion of oxidative stress and antibiotic transport, which offers a promising approach for effective management of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihui Zou
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Pei Cao
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qingxian Luan
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China.
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11
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Lindsay SE, Lindsay HG, Kallet J, Weaver MR, Curran-Everett D, Crapo JD, Regan EA. MnTE-2-PyP disrupts Staphylococcus aureus biofilms in a novel fracture model. J Orthop Res 2021; 39:2439-2445. [PMID: 33347639 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-associated infections in orthopedic surgery lead to worse clinical outcomes and greater morbidity and mortality. The scope of the problem encompasses infected total joints, internally fixed fractures, and implanted devices. Diagnosis is difficult. Cultures are often negative, and antibiotic treatments are ineffective. The infections resist killing by the immune system and antibiotics. The organized matrix structure of extracellular polymeric substances within the biofilm shields and protects the bacteria from identification and immune cell action. Bacteria in biofilms actively modulate their redox environment and can enhance the matrix structure by creating an oxidizing environment. We postulated that a potent redox-active metalloporphyrin MnTE-2-PyP (chemical name: manganese (II) meso-tetrakis-(N-methylpyridinium-2-yl) porphyrin) that scavenges reactive species and modulates the redox state to a reduced state, would improve the effect of antibiotic treatment for a biofilm-associated infection. An infected fracture model with a midshaft femoral osteotomy was created in C57B6 mice, internally fixed with an intramedullary 23-gauge needle and seeded with a biofilm-forming variant of Staphylococcus aureus. Animals were divided into three treatment groups: control, antibiotic alone, and combined antibioticplus MnTE-2-PyP. The combined treatment group had significantly decreased bacterial counts in harvested bone, compared with antibiotic alone. In vitro crystal violet assay of biofilm structure and corresponding nitroblue tetrazolium assay for reactive oxygen species (ROS) demonstrated that MnTE-2-PyP decreased the biofilm structure and reduced ROS in a correlated and dose-dependent manner. The biofilm structure is redox-sensitive in S. aureus and an ROS scavenger improved the effect of antibiotic therapy in model of biofilm-associated infections.
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12
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Wang D, Kyere E, Ahmed Sadiq F. New Trends in Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) Combating Biofilms in the Food Industry-A Review. Foods 2021; 10:2587. [PMID: 34828868 PMCID: PMC8621587 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms cause problems in the food industry due to their persistence and incompetent hygiene processing technologies. Interest in photodynamic inactivation (PDI) for combating biofilms has increased in recent years. This technique can induce microbial cell death, reduce cell attachment, ruin biofilm biomolecules and eradicate structured biofilms without inducing microbial resistance. This review addresses microbial challenges posed by biofilms in food environments and highlights the advantages of PDI in preventing and eradicating microbial biofilm communities. Current findings of the antibiofilm efficiencies of this technique are summarized. Additionally, emphasis is given to its potential mechanisms and factors capable of influencing biofilm communities, as well as promising hurdle strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
| | - Emmanuel Kyere
- School of Food and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
| | - Faizan Ahmed Sadiq
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
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13
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Montoya C, Jain A, Londoño JJ, Correa S, Lelkes PI, Melo MA, Orrego S. Multifunctional Dental Composite with Piezoelectric Nanofillers for Combined Antibacterial and Mineralization Effects. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:43868-43879. [PMID: 34494813 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c06331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
After nearly seven decades of development, dental composite restorations continue to show limited clinical service. The triggering point for restoration failure is the degradation of the bond at the tooth-biomaterial interface from chemical, biological, and mechanical sources. Oral biofilms form at the bonded interfaces, producing enzymes and acids that demineralize hard tissues and damage the composite. Removing bacteria from bonded interfaces and remineralizing marginal gaps will increase restorations' clinical service. To address this need, we propose for the first time the use of piezoelectric nanoparticles of barium titanate (BaTiO3) as a multifunctional bioactive filler in dental resin composites, offering combined antibacterial and (re)mineralization effects. In this work, we developed and characterized the properties of dental piezoelectric resin composites, including the degree of conversion and mechanical and physical properties, for restorative applications. Moreover, we evaluated the antibacterial and mineralization responses of piezoelectric composites in vitro. We observed a significant reduction in biofilm growth (up to 90%) and the formation of thick and dense layers of calcium phosphate minerals in piezoelectric composites compared to control groups. The antibacterial mechanism was also revealed. Additionally, we developed a unique approach evaluating the bond strength of dentin-adhesive-composite interfaces subjected to simultaneous attacks from bacteria and cyclic mechanical loading operating in synergy. Our innovative bioactive multifunctional composite provides an ideal technology for restorative applications using a single filler with combined long-lasting nonrechargeable antibacterial/remineralization effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Montoya
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Anubhav Jain
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Juan José Londoño
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
- Bioengineering Research Group (GIB), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad EAFIT, Medellin 050022, Colombia
| | - Santiago Correa
- Bioengineering Research Group (GIB), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidad EAFIT, Medellin 050022, Colombia
| | - Peter I Lelkes
- Bioengineering Department, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Mary Anne Melo
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Santiago Orrego
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Kornberg School of Dentistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
- Bioengineering Department, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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14
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Su Y, McCarthy A, Wong SL, Hollins RR, Wang G, Xie J. Simultaneous Delivery of Multiple Antimicrobial Agents by Biphasic Scaffolds for Effective Treatment of Wound Biofilms. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100135. [PMID: 33887126 PMCID: PMC8222186 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms pose a major challenge to control wound-associated infections. Due to biofilm impenetrability, traditional antimicrobial agents are often ineffective in combating biofilms. Herein, a biphasic scaffold is reported as an antimicrobial delivery system by integrating nanofiber mats with dissolvable microneedle arrays for the effective treatment of bacterial biofilms. Different combinations of antimicrobial agents, including AgNO3 , Ga(NO3 )3 , and vancomycin, are incorporated into nanofiber mats by coaxial electrospinning, which enables sustained delivery of these drugs. The antimicrobial agents-incorporated dissolvable microneedle arrays allow direct penetration of drugs into biofilms. By optimizing the administration strategies, drug combinations, and microneedle densities, biphasic scaffolds are able to eradicate both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and MRSA/Pseudomonas aeruginosa blend biofilms in an ex vivo human skin wound infection model without necessitating surgical debridement. Taken together, the combinatorial system comprises of nanofiber mats and microneedle arrays can provide an efficacious delivery of multiple antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial biofilms in wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Su
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Alec McCarthy
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Shannon L Wong
- Department of Surgery-Plastic Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ronald R Hollins
- Department of Surgery-Plastic Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Guangshun Wang
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
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15
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4-4-(Anilinomethyl)-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-1-ylbenzoic acid derivatives as potent anti-gram-positive bacterial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 219:113402. [PMID: 33845234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A collection of potent antimicrobials consisting of novel 1,3-bis-benzoic acid and trifluoromethyl phenyl derived pyrazoles has been synthesized and tested for antibacterial activity. The majority of trifluoromethyl phenyl derivatives are highly potent growth inhibitors of Gram-positive bacteria and showed low toxicity to human cultured cells. In particular, two compounds (59 and 74) were selected for additional studies. These compounds are highly effective against Staphylococcus aureus as shown by a low minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), a bactericidal effect in time-kill assays, moderate inhibition of biofilm formation as well as biofilm destruction, and a bactericidal effect against stationary phase cells representing non-growing persister cells. Multistep resistance assays showed a very low tendency for S. aureus and Enterococcus faecalis to develop resistance through mutation. Additionally, in vivo mouse model studies showed no harmful effects at doses up to 50 mg/kg using 14 blood plasma organ toxicity markers or TUNEL assay in liver and kidney. Investigations into the mode of action by performing macromolecular synthesis inhibition studies showed a broad range of inhibitory effects, suggesting targets that have a global effect on bacterial cell function.
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16
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Poudel A, Oludiran A, Sözer EB, Casciola M, Purcell EB, Muratori C. Growth in a biofilm sensitizes Cutibacterium acnes to nanosecond pulsed electric fields. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 140:107797. [PMID: 33773215 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) is a commensal of the human skin, but also an opportunistic pathogen that contributes to the pathophysiology of the skin disease acne vulgaris. C. acnes can form biofilms; cells in biofilms are more resilient to antimicrobial stresses. Acne therapeutic options such as topical or systemic antimicrobial treatments often show incomplete responses. In this study we measured the efficacy of nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF), a new promising cell and tissue ablation technology, to inactivate C. acnes. Our results show that all tested nsPEF doses (250 to 2000 pulses, 280 ns pulses, 28 kV/cm, 5 Hz; 0.5 to 4 kJ/ml) failed to inactivate planktonic C. acnes and that pretreatment with lysozyme, a naturally occurring cell-wall-weakening enzyme, increased C. acnes vulnerability to nsPEF. Surprisingly, growth in a biofilm appears to sensitize C. acnes to nsPEF-induced stress, as C. acnes biofilm-derived cells showed increased cell death after nsPEF treatments that did not affect planktonic cells. Biofilm inactivation by nsPEF was confirmed by treating intact biofilms grown on glass coverslips with an indium oxide conductive layer. Altogether our results show that, contrary to other antimicrobial agents, nsPEF kill more efficiently bacteria in biofilms than planktonic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asia Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, USA
| | - Adenrele Oludiran
- Old Dominion University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, USA
| | - Esin B Sözer
- Old Dominion University, Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, USA
| | - Maura Casciola
- Old Dominion University, Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, USA; Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Erin B Purcell
- Old Dominion University, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, USA.
| | - Claudia Muratori
- Old Dominion University, Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, USA.
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17
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Review on Carbon Nanotube Varieties for Healthcare Application: Effect of Preparation Methods and Mechanism Insight. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8121654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Many potential uses of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in various sectors have created an urge to assess their diverse range of properties pertaining to various applications like catalysis, biosensor, and antimicrobial activity. Increasing studies on the biosensor and antibacterial activity of CNT have prompted tremendous interest in the utilization of the carbon-based nanostructured material as an alternative to currently existing antibiotics. However, the study of bactericidal aspects of this nanomaterial is relatively new and hence the deeper understanding of the various physicochemical characteristics and antimicrobial nature of CNT is extremely wanted. This review covers the effect of framework substitution and explains the understanding of membrane disintegration and oxidative stresses upon nanomaterials for antimicrobial activity. The present article has also reviewed effect of preparation nanoparticle deposition and framework modification on carbon nanotube structure. The recent research on graphene-modified nanomaterials for biosensor applications related to healthcare/clinical applications have also been discussed. Major physicochemical contributing factors such as size, functionalization, high surface area, and aggregation features of CNT assisting in the bacterial killing have nicely been outlined. Hence, the present review explains the supporting information related with Single and multi-walled carbon nanotube and summarized the advantages of functionalized carbon nanotube/graphene-based nanostructured carbon-based materials towards protection and reduction of bacterial/viral infections in the healthcare sector.
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18
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Wille J, Coenye T. Biofilm dispersion: The key to biofilm eradication or opening Pandora's box? Biofilm 2020; 2:100027. [PMID: 33447812 PMCID: PMC7798462 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2020.100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are extremely difficult to eradicate due to their decreased antibiotic susceptibility. Inducing biofilm dispersion could be a potential strategy to help combat biofilm-related infections. Mechanisms of biofilm dispersion can basically be divided into two groups, i.e. active and passive dispersion. Active dispersion depends on a decrease in the intracellular c-di-GMP levels, leading to the production of enzymes that degrade the biofilm matrix and promote dispersion. In contrast, passive dispersion relies on triggers that directly release cells from the biofilm. In the present review, several active and passive dispersion strategies are discussed. In addition, the disadvantages and possible consequences of using dispersion as a treatment approach for biofilm-related infections are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Wille
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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19
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Microampere Electric Current Causes Bacterial Membrane Damage and Two-Way Leakage in a Short Period of Time. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.01015-20. [PMID: 32561580 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01015-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical agents, such as low electric voltage and current, have recently gained attention for antimicrobial treatment due to their bactericidal capability. Although microampere electric current was shown to suppress the growth of bacteria, it remains unclear to what extent the microampere current damaged the bacterial membrane. Here, we investigated the membrane damage and two-way leakage caused by microampere electric current (≤100 μA) with a short exposure time (30 min). Based on MitoTracker staining, propidium iodide staining, filtration assays, and quantitative single-molecule localization microscopy, we observed significant membrane damage, which allowed two-way leakage of ions, small molecules, and proteins. This study paves the way to new development of antimicrobial applications for ultralow electric voltage and current.IMPORTANCE Although electric voltage and current have been studied for a long time in terms of their ability to suppress the growth of bacteria and to kill bacteria, increasing interest has been aroused more recently due to the prevalence of antibiotic resistance of microbes in past decades. Toward understanding the antimicrobial mechanism of low electric voltage and current, previous studies showed that treating bacteria with milliampere electric currents (≥5 mA) for ≥72 h led to significant damage of the bacterial membrane, which likely resulted in leakage of cellular contents and influx of toxic substances through the damaged membrane. However, it remains unclear to what extent membrane damage and two-way (i.e., inward and outward) leakage are caused by lower (i.e., microampere) electric current in a shorter time frame. In this work, we set out to answer this question. We observed that the membrane damage was caused by microampere electric current in half an hour, which allowed two-way leakage of ions, small molecules, and proteins.
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20
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Kaiser F, Scharnweber D, Bierbaum S, Wolf-Brandstetter C. Success and side effects of different treatment options in the low current attack of bacterial biofilms on titanium implants. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 133:107485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Joshi C, Patel P, Godatwar P, Sharma S, Kothari V. Identifying the Molecular Targets of an Anti-pathogenic Hydroalcoholic Extract of Punica granatum Peel Against Multidrug-resistant Serratia marcescens. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2020; 18:391-404. [PMID: 32316896 DOI: 10.2174/1568009620666200421083120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibiotic-resistant members of the family Enterobacteriaceae are among the serious threats to human health globally. This study reports the anti-pathogenic activity of Punica granatum peel extract (PGPE) against a multi-drug resistant, beta-lactamase producing member of this family i.e. Serratia marcescens. OBJECTIVE This study aimed at assessing the anti-pathogenic activity of PGPE against the gramnegative bacterial pathogen S. marcescens and identifying the molecular targets of this extract in the test bacterium. METHODS Effect of PGPE on S. marcescens growth and quorum sensing (QS)-regulated pigment production was assessed through broth dilution assay. In vivo anti-infective and prophylactic activity of PGPE was assessed employing the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans as a model host. Differential gene expression in PGPE-exposed S. marcescens was studied through a whole transcriptome approach. RESULTS PGPE was able to modulate QS-regulated pigment production in S. marcescens without exerting any heavy growth-inhibitory effect at concentrations as low as ≥2.5 μg/mL. It could attenuate the virulence of the test bacterium towards the worm host by 22-42% (p≤0.01) at even lower concentrations (≥0.5 μg/mL). PGPE also exerted a post-extract effect on S. marcescens. This extract was found to offer prophylactic benefit too, to the host worm, as PGPE-pre-fed worms scored better (34-51%; p≤0.001) survival in face of subsequent bacterial attack. Differential gene expression analysis revealed that PGPE affected the expression of a total of 66 genes in S. marcescens by ≥1.5 fold. CONCLUSION The anti-virulence effect of PGPE against S. marcescens is multifaceted, affecting stress-response machinery, efflux activity, iron homeostasis, and cellular energetics of this bacterium notably. Among the major molecular targets identified in this study are LPS export transporter permease (LptF), t-RNA pseudouridine synthase (TruB), etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmayi Joshi
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad- 382481, India
| | - Pooja Patel
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad- 382481, India
| | | | | | - Vijay Kothari
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad- 382481, India
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22
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Li T, Chen F, Zhou Q, Wang X, Liao C, Zhou L, Wan L, An J, Wan Y, Li N. Unignorable toxicity of formaldehyde on electroactive bacteria in bioelectrochemical systems. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 183:109143. [PMID: 32028180 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Formaldehyde poses significant threats to the ecosystem and is widely used as a toxicity indicator to obtain electrical signal feedback in electroactive biofilm (EAB)-based sensors. Although many optimizations have been adopted to improve the performance of EAB to formaldehyde, nearly no studies have discussed the toxicity of formaldehyde to EAB. Here, EABs were acclimated with a stable current density (8.9 ± 0.2 A/m2) and then injected with formaldehyde. The current density decreased by 27% and 98% after the injection of 1 and 10 ppm formaldehyde, respectively, compared with that in the control. The ecotoxicity of formaldehyde caused the irreversible loss of current with 3% (1 ppm) and 81% (10 ppm). Confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy results showed that the redox activity was inhibited by formaldehyde, and the number of dead/broken cells increased from 2% to 40% (1 ppm) and 91% (10 ppm). The contents of the total protein and extracellular polymer substances decreased by more than 28% (1 ppm) and 75% (10 ppm) because of the cleavage reaction caused by formaldehyde. Bacterial community analysis showed that the proportion of Geobacter decreased from 81% to 53% (1 ppm) and 24% (10 ppm). As a result, the current production was significantly impaired, and the irreversible loss increased. Toxicological analysis demonstrated that formaldehyde disturbed the physiological indices of cells, thereby inducing apoptosis. These findings fill the gap of ecotoxicology of toxicants to EAB in a bioelectrochemical system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Fan Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chengmei Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Lean Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Lili Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Jingkun An
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yuxuan Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Nan Li
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, No. 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
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23
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Wang H, Tampio AJF, Xu Y, Nicholas BD, Ren D. Noninvasive Control of Bacterial Biofilms by Wireless Electrostimulation. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:727-738. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, 318 Bowne Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Alex J. F. Tampio
- Department of Otolaryngology, Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, 241 Campus West, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Yikang Xu
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, 318 Bowne Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Brian D. Nicholas
- Department of Otolaryngology, Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, 241 Campus West, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Dacheng Ren
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 329 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute, Syracuse University, 318 Bowne Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, 151 Link Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 110 Life Sciences Complex, 107 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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24
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Yu M, Chua SL. Demolishing the great wall of biofilms in Gram‐negative bacteria: To disrupt or disperse? Med Res Rev 2019; 40:1103-1116. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University, KowloonHong Kong SAR China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug DiscoveryThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University, KowloonHong Kong SAR China
| | - Song Lin Chua
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical TechnologyThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University, KowloonHong Kong SAR China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug DiscoveryThe Hong Kong Polytechnic University, KowloonHong Kong SAR China
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25
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26
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Dusane DH, Lochab V, Jones T, Peters CW, Sindeldecker D, Das A, Roy S, Sen CK, Subramaniam VV, Wozniak DJ, Prakash S, Stoodley P. Electroceutical Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2008. [PMID: 30765750 PMCID: PMC6375951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37891-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroceutical wound dressings, especially those involving current flow with silver based electrodes, show promise for treating biofilm infections. However, their mechanism of action is poorly understood. We have developed an in vitro agar based model using a bioluminescent strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to measure loss of activity and killing when direct current was applied. Silver electrodes were overlaid with agar and lawn biofilms grown for 24 h. A 6 V battery with 1 kΩ ballast resistor was used to treat the biofilms for 1 h or 24 h. Loss of bioluminescence and a 4-log reduction in viable cells was achieved over the anode. Scanning electron microscopy showed damaged cells and disrupted biofilm architecture. The antimicrobial activity continued to spread from the anode for at least 2 days, even after turning off the current. Based on possible electrochemical ractions of silver electrodes in chlorine containing medium; pH measurements of the medium post treatment; the time delay between initiation of treatment and observed bactericidal effects; and the presence of chlorotyrosine in the cell lysates, hypochlorous acid is hypothesized to be the chemical agent responsible for the observed (destruction/killing/eradication) of these biofilm forming bacteria. Similar killing was obtained with gels containing only bovine synovial fluid or human serum. These results suggest that our in vitro model could serve as a platform for fundamental studies to explore the effects of electrochemical treatment on biofilms, complementing clinical studies with electroceutical dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra H Dusane
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Varun Lochab
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Travis Jones
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Casey W Peters
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Devin Sindeldecker
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Surgery, IU Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Comprehensive Wound Center and Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Sashwati Roy
- Department of Surgery, IU Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Comprehensive Wound Center and Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Chandan K Sen
- Department of Surgery, IU Health Comprehensive Wound Center, Indiana Center for Regenerative Medicine and Engineering, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Comprehensive Wound Center and Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Vish V Subramaniam
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Daniel J Wozniak
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Shaurya Prakash
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA.
| | - Paul Stoodley
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA. .,Department of Orthopaedics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA. .,National Centre for Advanced Tribology, Mechanical Engineering, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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27
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Wi YM, Patel R. Understanding Biofilms and Novel Approaches to the Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Medical Device-Associated Infections. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2018; 32:915-929. [PMID: 30241715 DOI: 10.1016/j.idc.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of medical device-related infections is challenging and recurrence is common. The main reason for this is that microorganisms adhere to the surfaces of medical devices and enter into a biofilm state in which they display distinct growth rates, structural features, and protection from antimicrobial agents and host immune mechanisms compared with their planktonic counterparts. This article reviews how microorganisms form biofilms and the mechanisms of protection against antimicrobial agents and the host immune system provided by biofilms. Also discussed are innovative strategies for the diagnosis of biofilm-associated infection and novel approaches to treatment and prevention of medical device-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Wi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, 158 palyong-ro, MasanHoiwon-gu, Changwon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 51353, Korea
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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28
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Characterization of a novel regulatory pathway for mannitol metabolism and its coordination with biofilm formation in Mycobacterium smegmatis. J Genet Genomics 2018; 45:477-488. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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