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Channaoui S, Mazouz H, Labhilili M, El Fechtali M, Nabloussi A. Inheritance of dwarfism and narrow lobed-leaf in two rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) mutant lines. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12649. [PMID: 36619419 PMCID: PMC9813704 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need for dwarf and narrow lobed-leaves rapeseed cultivars to reduce transpiration under drought prone areas. A dwarf mutant line 'H2M-1' and a mutant with reduced lobed-leaf 'H2M-2' were developed. To exploit these mutated traits properly in an effective breeding program, one should understand their mode of inheritance. There are conflicting findings for plant dwarfism and limited studies for leaf size in mutant genetic backgrounds. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the inheritance of dwarfism and narrow lobed-leaf mutated traits. Plants of the wild-type variety 'INRA-CZH2' were reciprocally crossed with plants of the line 'H2M-1' and plants of the line 'H2M-2'. A genetic study was conducted by analyzing segregation of mutated traits in F1, F2 and BC1F1 generations. The results revealed that two recessive genes with dominant epistasis action controlled the heredity of plant height in the dwarf line, whereas only a single recessive gene is involved in determining reduced lobed-leaf in the line H2M-2. Thus, there is a possibility to easily and quickly transfer these characters into rapeseed breeding germplasm or varieties towards the development of suitable cultivars for areas marked by increasing drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souhail Channaoui
- Plant Breeding and Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Research Unit, Regional Agricultural Research Center of Meknes, National Institute of Agricultural Research, PO. Box 415, Rabat 10090, Morocco,Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, PO. Box 11201 Zitoune Meknes 50100, Morocco
| | - Hamid Mazouz
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, PO. Box 11201 Zitoune Meknes 50100, Morocco
| | - Mustapha Labhilili
- Plant Biotechnology Research Unit, Regional Agricultural Research Center of Meknes, National Institute of Agricultural Research, PO. Box 415, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El Fechtali
- Plant Breeding and Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Research Unit, Regional Agricultural Research Center of Meknes, National Institute of Agricultural Research, PO. Box 415, Rabat 10090, Morocco
| | - Abdelghani Nabloussi
- Plant Breeding and Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Research Unit, Regional Agricultural Research Center of Meknes, National Institute of Agricultural Research, PO. Box 415, Rabat 10090, Morocco,Corresponding author.
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Della Rosa MM, Sandoval E, Reid P, Luo D, Pacheco D, Janssen PH, Jonker A. Substituting ryegrass-based pasture with graded levels of forage rape in the diet of lambs decreases methane emissions and increases propionate, succinate, and primary alcohols in the rumen. J Anim Sci 2022; 100:6611708. [PMID: 35723288 PMCID: PMC9486902 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Feeding 100% forage rape to sheep consistently lowers methane emissions per unit of intake (CH4/DMI) compared to those fed 100% ryegrass pasture. However, forage rape is usually supplemented with other feeds, which might impact the mitigation potential provided by forage rape. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of substituting ryegrass with graded levels of forage rape in the diet of lambs on methane emissions and rumen fermentation characteristics. Seventy wether lambs (n=14/treatment) were fed a ryegrass-based pasture substituted with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of forage rape (Brassica napus; FR0, FR25, FR50, FR75, FR100, respectively) on a dry matter basis. Methane emissions and dry matter intake were measured for 48 h in respiration chambers and a rumen fluid sample was collected. CH4/DMI decreased (P < 0.01) with increasing forage rape inclusion in the diet, so that sheep fed FR100 and FR75 emitted 34 % and 11% less, respectively, than those fed FR0. CH4/DMI differences for lambs fed FR25 and FR50 were much smaller (< 6%) relative to FR0. The pH of rumen fluid decreased (P < 0.01) at higher levels of forage rape inclusion in the diet (FR75 and FR100) compared to low levels of inclusion (FR0, F25 and F50). The proportion of ruminal acetate was least in FR100 (30%) followed by FR75 (10%), FR50 (8%) and FR25 (4%) compared with FR0 (P < 0.001). The proportion of propionate plus succinate was greater for FR100 (+40%), FR75 (+28%) and FR50 (+29%) compared with FR0, with FR25 intermediate (P < 0.001). The methanol concentration, and ethanol and propanol proportions in rumen fluid were greater for FR100 compared with any other treatment (P < 0.001). In conclusion, CH4/DMI decreased at high levels of forage rape inclusion in the diet and especially feeding FR100 was associated with a pronounced shift in rumen fermentation profile, with significant presence of succinate, ethanol, propanol, methanol, valerate and caproate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Della Rosa
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Edgar Sandoval
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Peter Reid
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Dongwen Luo
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - David Pacheco
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Peter H Janssen
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Arjan Jonker
- Grasslands Research Centre, AgResearch Ltd, Tennent Drive, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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Karamat U, Sun X, Li N, Zhao J. Genetic regulators of leaf size in Brassica crops. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:91. [PMID: 33931619 PMCID: PMC8087820 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Leaf size influences plant development and biomass and is also an important agricultural trait in Brassica crops, in which leaves are the main organ produced for consumption. Leaf size is determined by the coordinated regulation of cell proliferation and cell expansion during leaf development, and these processes are strictly controlled by various integrated signals from the intrinsic regulatory network and the growth environment. Understanding the molecular mechanism of leaf size control is a prerequisite for molecular breeding for crop improvement purposes. Although research on leaf size control is just beginning in Brassica, recent studies have identified several genes and QTLs that are important in leaf size regulation. These genes have been proposed to influence leaf growth through different pathways and mechanisms, including phytohormone biosynthesis and signaling, transcription regulation, small RNAs, and others. In this review, we summarize the current findings regarding the genetic regulators of leaf size in Brassica and discuss future prospects for this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umer Karamat
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, 071000, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoxue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, 071000, Baoding, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, 071000, Baoding, China.
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, 071000, Baoding, China.
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Zia MAB, Demirel U, Nadeem MA, Çaliskan ME. Genome-wide association study identifies various loci underlying agronomic and morphological traits in diversified potato panel. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:1003-1020. [PMID: 32377049 PMCID: PMC7196606 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-020-00785-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Potato is one of the most important food crops all over the world. Breeding activities for this crop are mainly aimed to improve the quality and yield of tuber. However, genetic architecture of various traits contributing to the quality and yield of potato are not yet completely understood. Genome wide association studies provides a broader way to identify the genomic regions associated with various traits. Panels of 237 tetraploid potato genotypes from different countries were grown for two consecutive years 2016 and 2017 at experimental research area of Potato research center Niğde, Turkey. A genome wide association study using SolCAP 12K array was performed for various morpho-agronomic traits. Structure algorithm and neighborhood joining analysis clearly divided all genotypes into 4 clusters on the basis of their origin. For the marker trait association, Mixed Linear Model in TASSEL was performed and 36 genomic regions were found for the traits under study. The mean r2 value was found to be 0.92 and mean significant LD was 47.5% in the populations. LD patterns reflected the breeding history of potato. The findings of present study provide a framework which could be useful for future potato breeding programs to enhance the production and to reduce the challenges in the coming years to feed world's population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abu Bakar Zia
- Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240 Niğde, Turkey
- College of Agriculture, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bahadur Sub Campus Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Ufuk Demirel
- Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240 Niğde, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Azhar Nadeem
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 14000 Bolu, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Çaliskan
- Department of Agricultural Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Niğde Ömer Halisdemir University, 51240 Niğde, Turkey
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Guo Y, Li J, Fang Y, Wan Y, Tang J, Wei T, Jiang X, Wang R, Wang M. An event of alternative splicing affects the expression of two BnCYCD3-1-like genes in Brassica napus. Gene 2019; 694:33-41. [PMID: 30716436 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.12.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Two full-length cDNAs of the cyclin-D3-1-like gene, named as BnCYCD3-1-like-1 and BnCYCD3-1-like-2 respectively were obtained from Brassica napus, both of which encoded a cell cycle protein CYCD3. Alternative splicing (AS) events of the two genes' transcripts were identified, assigned as BnCYCD3-1-like-1-1, BnCYCD3-1-like-1-2, BnCYCD3-1-like-2-1 and BnCYCD3-1-like-2-2 respectively. BnCYCD3-1-like-1-1 and BnCYCD3-1-like-2-1 were both fully-spliced transcripts which encoded a complete protein containing a LXCXE motif, two cyclin boxes and a PEST domain, while other two alternative splicing transcripts both resulted in the early termination of the protein translation. BnCYCD3-1-like-2-2 retained the third intron, lacking a PEST domain, while BnCYCD3-1-like-1-2 retained all the introns, lacking the C-terminal cyclin domain and a PEST domain. The expression pattern for tissue and development specification of the AS transcripts were investigated. The results showed that the standard splicing transcripts (BnCYCD3-1-like-1-1 and BnCYCD3-1-like-2-1) with complete structural domains were found with the most abundant expression in seeds, followed by leaves, and the least expression in stems. Both of BnCYCD3-1-like-2-1 and BnCYCD3-1-like-2-2 had the highest abundance in leaves, followed by roots. In addition, by applying various biotic and abiotic stresses on Brassica napus, the variations in the expression of each transcript under stress treatment were studied. Also, it was found that AS of the cyclin-D3-1-like gene may play an important role in helping Brassica napus respond to environmental stresses by coordinating the levels of transcripts of standard splicing and alternative splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yunbao Wan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jiajia Tang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Tao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xuefei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Maolin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China.
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Wang R, Li M, Wu X, Wang J. The Gene Structure and Expression Level Changes of the GH3 Gene Family in Brassica napus Relative to Its Diploid Ancestors. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10010058. [PMID: 30658516 PMCID: PMC6356818 DOI: 10.3390/genes10010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The GH3 gene family plays a vital role in the phytohormone-related growth and developmental processes. The effects of allopolyploidization on GH3 gene structures and expression levels have not been reported. In this study, a total of 38, 25, and 66 GH3 genes were identified in Brassica rapa (ArAr), Brassica oleracea (CoCo), and Brassica napus (AnACnCn), respectively. BnaGH3 genes were unevenly distributed on chromosomes with 39 on An and 27 on Cn, in which six BnaGH3 genes may appear as new genes. The whole genome triplication allowed the GH3 gene family to expand in diploid ancestors, and allopolyploidization made the GH3 gene family re-expand in B. napus. For most BnaGH3 genes, the exon-intron compositions were similar to diploid ancestors, while the cis-element distributions were obviously different from its ancestors. After allopolyploidization, the expression patterns of GH3 genes from ancestor species changed greatly in B. napus, and the orthologous gene pairs between An/Ar and Cn/Co had diverged expression patterns across four tissues. Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of the GH3 gene family in B. napus, and these results could contribute to identifying genes with vital roles in phytohormone-related growth and developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Mengdi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wu
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Jianbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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de Abreu E Lima F, Li K, Wen W, Yan J, Nikoloski Z, Willmitzer L, Brotman Y. Unraveling lipid metabolism in maize with time-resolved multi-omics data. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 93:1102-1115. [PMID: 29385634 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Maize is the cereal crop with the highest production worldwide, and its oil is a key energy resource. Improving the quantity and quality of maize oil requires a better understanding of lipid metabolism. To predict the function of maize genes involved in lipid biosynthesis, we assembled transcriptomic and lipidomic data sets from leaves of B73 and the high-oil line By804 in two distinct time-series experiments. The integrative analysis based on high-dimensional regularized regression yielded lipid-transcript associations indirectly validated by Gene Ontology and promoter motif enrichment analyses. The co-localization of lipid-transcript associations using the genetic mapping of lipid traits in leaves and seedlings of a B73 × By804 recombinant inbred line population uncovered 323 genes involved in the metabolism of phospholipids, galactolipids, sulfolipids and glycerolipids. The resulting association network further supported the involvement of 50 gene candidates in modulating levels of representatives from multiple acyl-lipid classes. Therefore, the proposed approach provides high-confidence candidates for experimental testing in maize and model plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kun Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Lu 1, 430070, Hongshan, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiwei Wen
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jianbing Yan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shizishan Lu 1, 430070, Hongshan, Wuhan, China
| | - Zoran Nikoloski
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
- Bioinformatics Group, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lothar Willmitzer
- Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheva, Israel
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Morphological and genetic differences between Coptis japonica var. anemonifolia H. Ohba and Coptis japonica var. major Satake in Hokuriku area. J Nat Med 2018; 72:514-522. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-018-1179-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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