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Differential Gene Expression Correlates with Behavioural Polymorphism during Collective Behaviour in Cockroaches. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12182354. [PMID: 36139214 PMCID: PMC9495117 DOI: 10.3390/ani12182354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary It is currently well accepted that animals differ from one another in their behaviour and tendency to perform actions, a property we refer to as animal personality. In group-living animals, variation in animal personality can be important to determine group survival, as it determines how individuals interact with each other and with their environment. However, we have little knowledge of the proximal mechanisms underlying personality, particularly in group-living organisms. Here, we investigate the relationship between gene expression and two behavioural types (bold and shy) in a gregarious species: the American cockroach. Our results show that bold individuals have upregulated genes with functions associated with sensory activity (phototaxis and odour detection) and aggressive/dominant behaviour, and suggest that social context can modulate gene expression related to bold/shy characteristics. This work could help identify genes important in the earliest stages of group living and social life, and provides a first step toward establishing cockroaches as a focal group for the study of the evolution of sociality. Abstract Consistent inter-individual variation in the propensity to perform different tasks (animal personality) can contribute significantly to the success of group-living organisms. The distribution of different personalities in a group influences collective actions and therefore how these organisms interact with their environment. However, we have little understanding of the proximate mechanisms underlying animal personality in animal groups, and research on this theme has often been biased towards organisms with advanced social systems. The goal of this study is to investigate the mechanistic basis for personality variation during collective behaviour in a species with rudimentary societies: the American cockroach. We thus use an approach which combines experimental classification of individuals into behavioural phenotypes (‘bold’ and ‘shy’ individuals) with comparative gene expression. Our analyses reveal differences in gene expression between behavioural phenotypes and suggest that social context may modulate gene expression related to bold/shy characteristics. We also discuss how cockroaches could be a valuable model for the study of genetic mechanisms underlying the early steps in the evolution of social behaviour and social complexity. This study provides a first step towards a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with differences in boldness and behavioural plasticity in these organisms.
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Lin YB, Rong JJ, Wei XF, Sui ZX, Xiao J, Huang DW. Proteomics and ultrastructural analysis of Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larval peritrophic matrix. Proteome Sci 2021; 19:7. [PMID: 33836751 PMCID: PMC8035744 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-021-00175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) has significant economic potential. The larvae can be used in financially viable waste management systems, as they are voracious feeders able to efficiently convert low-quality waste into valuable biomass. However, most studies on H. illucens in recent decades have focused on optimizing their breeding and bioconversion conditions, while information on their biology is limited. METHODS About 200 fifth instar well-fed larvae were sacrificed in this work. The liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy were employed in this study to perform a proteomic and ultrastructural analysis of the peritrophic matrix (PM) of H. illucens larvae. RESULTS A total of 565 proteins were identified in the PM samples of H. illucen, of which 177 proteins were predicted to contain signal peptides, bioinformatics analysis and manual curation determined 88 proteins may be associated with the PM, with functions in digestion, immunity, PM modulation, and others. The ultrastructure of the H. illucens larval PM observed by scanning electron microscopy shows a unique diamond-shaped chitin grid texture. CONCLUSIONS It is the first and most comprehensive proteomics research about the PM of H. illucens larvae to date. All the proteins identified in this work has been discussed in details, except several unnamed or uncharacterized proteins, which should not be ignored and need further study. A comparison of the ultrastructure between H. illucens larval PM and those of other insects as observed by SEM indicates that the PM displays diverse textures on an ultra-micro scale and we suscept a unique diamond-shaped chitin grid texture may help H. illucens larval to hold more food. This work deepens our understanding of the molecular architecture and ultrastructure of the H. illucens larval PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing-Jing Rong
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xun-Fan Wei
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhuo-Xiao Sui
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Jinhua Xiao
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Da-Wei Huang
- Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Identification and motif analyses of candidate nonreceptor olfactory genes of Dendroctonus adjunctus Blandford (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from the head transcriptome. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20695. [PMID: 33244016 PMCID: PMC7691339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The round-headed pine beetle Dendroctonus adjunctus, whose dispersion and colonization behaviors are linked to a communication system mediated by semiochemicals, is one of the five most critical primary pests in forest ecosystems in Mexico. This study provides the first head transcriptome analysis of D. adjunctus and the identification of the nonreceptor olfactory genes involved in the perception of odors. De novo assembly yielded 44,420 unigenes, and GO annotations were similar to those of antennal transcriptomes of other beetle species, which reflect metabolic processes related to smell and signal transduction. A total of 36 new transcripts of nonreceptor olfactory genes were identified, of which 27 encode OBPs, 7 encode CSPs, and 2 encode SNMP candidates, which were subsequently compared to homologous proteins from other bark beetles and Coleoptera species by searching for sequence motifs and performing phylogenetic analyses. Our study provides information on genes encoding nonreceptor proteins in D. adjunctus and broadens the knowledge of olfactory genes in Coleoptera and bark beetle species, and will help to understand colonization and aggregation behaviors for the development of tools that complement management strategies.
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Wang H, Ma YF, Wang MM, Chen GL, Dewer Y, He M, Zhang F, Yang YF, Liu JF, He P. Expression, Affinity, and Functional Characterization of the Specific Binding of Two Putative Pheromone-Binding Proteins in the Omnivorous German Cockroach Blattella germanica. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:13573-13583. [PMID: 32955873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The German cockroach Blattella germanica (L.) is an important pest in medical, veterinary, and public health. Studies on the olfaction mechanism of hemimetabolous insects have rarely been reported, especially in cockroaches. Pheromone-binding proteins (PBPs) play a vital role in insect sex pheromone recognition, which solubilize and carry the hydrophobic pheromonal compounds through the antennal lymph to receptors. In this study, two potential PBPs (BgerOBP26 and BgerOBP40) were identified on the basis of their biased expression in male antennae using tissue transcriptome data and verified by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction approach. We then expressed and purified the two identified odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) using the Escherichia coli expression system and affinity purification. In vitro binding studies showed that the two OBPs display stronger binding affinities to the female volatile sex pheromone blattellaquinone than to its analogues and contact sex pheromone components. Finally, three-dimensional modeling of the two OBPs and dock conformation with sex pheromone molecules showed BgerOBP26 has a larger odorant cavity and more conservative active amino acid residues than BgerOBP40. These results illuminated the binding characteristics of potential PBPs of B. germanica, which could lay the groundwork for improved understanding of many aspects of the chemical ecology of B. germanica. Moreover, this information complements the understanding of the olfactory molecular mechanism in cockroaches and provides potential gene targets for B. germanica control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Feng Ma
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Mei Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Youssef Dewer
- Bioassay Research Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, 7 Nadi El-Seid Street, Dokki 12618, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ming He
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, 88 East Wenhua Road, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Feng Yang
- Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519040, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Feng Liu
- Institute of Entomology, Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management in Mountainous Region, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng He
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
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Cheng WN, Zhang YD, Liu W, Li GW, Zhu-Salzman K. Molecular and functional characterization of three odorant-binding proteins from the wheat blossom midge, Sitodiplosis mosellana. INSECT SCIENCE 2020; 27:721-734. [PMID: 31017726 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Sitodiplosis mosellana, a periodic but devastating wheat pest, relies on wheat spike volatiles as a cue in selecting hosts for oviposition. Insect odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are thought to play essential roles in filtering, binding and transporting hydrophobic odorant molecules to specific receptors. To date, the molecular mechanisms underlying S. mosellana olfaction are poorly understood. Here, three S. mosellana antenna-specific OBP genes, SmosOBP11, 16 and 21, were cloned and bacterially expressed. Binding properties of the recombinant proteins to 28 volatiles emitted from wheat spikes were investigated using fluorescence competitive binding assays. Sequence analysis suggested that these SmosOBPs belong to the Classic OBP subfamily. Ligand-binding analysis showed that all three SmosOBPs preferentially bound alcohol, ester and ketone compounds, and SmosOBP11 and 16 also selectively bound terpenoid compounds. In particular, the three SmosOBPs had high binding affinities (Ki < 20 μmol/L) to 3-hexanol and cis-3-hexenylacetate that elicited strong electroantennogram (EAG) response from female antennae. In addition, SmosOBP11 displayed significantly higher binding (Ki < 8 μmol/L) than SmosOBP16 and 21 to 1-octen-3-ol, D-panthenol, α-pinene and heptyl acetate which elicited significant EAG response, suggesting that SmosOBP11 plays a major role in recognition and transportation of these volatiles. These findings have provided important insight into the molecular mechanism by which S. mosellana specifically recognizes plant volatiles for host selection, and have facilitated identification of effective volatile attractants that are potentially useful for pest monitoring and trapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ning Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guang-Wei Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Jujube, Yan'an University, Yan'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Keyan Zhu-Salzman
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Zeng C, Li W, Liao Q, Yan T, Wang K, Hu Y, Shen Y, Price M, Fan Z, Zhang X, Yue B, Geng F, Chen L. Comparative Transcriptomics Reveals the Expression Differences Between Four Developmental Stages of American Cockroach ( Periplaneta americana). DNA Cell Biol 2019; 38:1078-1087. [PMID: 31524500 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2018.4578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The globally distributed American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) is considered a pest, but it has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. In the past, the American cockroach's genome and transcriptomes were sequenced, but the differential expression transcripts between developmental stages were unavailable. We performed the de novo assembly and analysis of American cockroach transcriptomes from four developmental stages. Approximately 200 million high-quality paired-end reads were generated by using Illumina Hiseq 2000 sequencer. The assembly produced 291,250 transcripts with an average length of 714 bp. In addition, 38,052 microsatellites and 11,060,020 transposable elements were identified. Based on sequence homology, 53,262 transcripts were annotated. After calculating the expression levels of all the transcripts, we found that 13 transcripts were highly expressed in all the samples and at least two, p10 and actin-related protein 1, played important roles during development. A total of 7954 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) were identified. The adult had the largest number of DETs when compared to other samples (4818), while the 3rd and 8th larva had the least number of DETs (1332). We performed gene enrichment analysis with the DETs, and some interesting results were detected in the different groups. For example, chitin is the major component of the insect exoskeleton, and the chitin-related genes in larvae and new molted samples had higher expression levels than in adults. In addition, the enrichment analysis detected many chitin-related pathways. Our study performed the first large-scale comparative transcriptomics between the developmental stages of American cockroach, which could provide useful gene expression data for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenjuan Zeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Sichuan Key Laboratory for Medicinal American Cockroach, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wujiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liao
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Medicinal American Cockroach, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Yan
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Medicinal American Cockroach, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaisun Wang
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Medicinal American Cockroach, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Hu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Medicinal American Cockroach, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongmei Shen
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Medicinal American Cockroach, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Megan Price
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenxin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Bisong Yue
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Funeng Geng
- Sichuan Key Laboratory for Medicinal American Cockroach, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Watanabe H, Koike Y, Tateishi K, Domae M, Nishino H, Yokohari F. Two types of sensory proliferation patterns underlie the formation of spatially tuned olfactory receptive fields in the cockroach Periplaneta americana. J Comp Neurol 2018; 526:2683-2705. [PMID: 30156297 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the cockroach Periplaneta americana, to represent pheromone source in the receptive space, axon terminals of sex pheromone-receptive olfactory sensory neurons (pSNs) are topographically organized within the primary center, the macroglomerulus, according to the peripheral locations of sex pheromone-receptive single walled (sw)-B sensilla. In this study, we sought to determine when and where pSNs emerge in the nymphal antenna. We revealed two different pSN proliferation patterns that underlie the formation of topographic organization in the macroglomerulus. In nymphal antennae, which lack sw-B sensilla, pSNs are identified in the shorter sensilla, termed sw-A sensilla. Because new sw-A sensilla emerge on the proximal antenna at every molt, topographic organization in the macroglomerulus must be formed by adding axon terminals of newly emerged pSNs to the lateral region in the macroglomerulus at each molt. At the final molt, a huge number of new sw-B sensilla appeared throughout the whole antenna. Sw-B sensilla in the proximal part of the adult antenna were newly formed during the last instar stage, whereas those located in the distal antenna were transformed from sw-A sensilla. This transformation was accompanied by an increase in the number of pSNs. Axon terminals of newborn pSNs in new sw-B sensilla were recruited to the lateral part of the macroglomerulus, whereas those of newborn pSNs in transformed sw-B sensilla were recruited to the macroglomerulus according to the sensillar location. These mechanisms enable an increase in sensitivity to sex pheromone in adulthood while retaining the topographic map formed during the postembryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiro Watanabe
- Division of Biology, Department of Earth System Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukino Koike
- Division of Biology, Department of Earth System Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tateishi
- Division of Biology, Department of Earth System Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mana Domae
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nishino
- Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Fumio Yokohari
- Division of Biology, Department of Earth System Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Robertson HM, Baits RL, Walden KK, Wada‐Katsumata A, Schal C. Enormous expansion of the chemosensory gene repertoire in the omnivorous German cockroach Blattella germanica. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART B, MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2018; 330:265-278. [PMID: 29566459 PMCID: PMC6175461 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.22797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The acquisition of genome sequences from a wide range of insects and other arthropods has revealed a broad positive correlation between the complexity of their chemical ecology and the size of their chemosensory gene repertoire. The German cockroach Blattella germanica is an extreme omnivore and has the largest chemosensory gene repertoire known for an arthropod, exceeding even the highly polyphagous spider mite Tetranychus urticae. While the Odorant Receptor family is not particularly large, with 123 genes potentially encoding 134 receptors (105 intact), the Gustatory Receptor family is greatly expanded to 431 genes potentially encoding 545 receptors (483 intact), the largest known for insects and second only to the spider mite. The Ionotropic Receptor family of olfactory and gustatory receptors is vastly expanded to at least 897 genes (604 intact), the largest size known in arthropods, far surpassing the 150 known from the dampwood termite Zootermopsis nevadensis. Commensurately, the Odorant Binding Protein family is expanded to the largest known for insects at 109 genes (all intact). Comparison with the far more specialized, but phylogenetically related termite, within the Dictyoptera, reveals considerable gene losses from the termite, and massive species-specific gene expansions in the cockroach. The cockroach has lost function of 11%-41% of these three chemoreceptor gene families to pseudogenization, and most of these are young events, implying rapid turnover of genes along with these major expansions, presumably in response to changes in its chemical ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh M. Robertson
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Rachel L. Baits
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Kimberly K.O. Walden
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Ayako Wada‐Katsumata
- Department of Entomology and Plant PathologyNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Coby Schal
- Department of Entomology and Plant PathologyNorth Carolina State UniversityRaleighNorth CarolinaUSA
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Cui X, Liu D, Sun K, He Y, Shi X. Expression Profiles and Functional Characterization of Two Odorant-Binding Proteins From the Apple Buprestid Beetle Agrilus mali (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 111:1420-1432. [PMID: 29590372 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The apple buprestid beetle, Agrilus mali Matsumura (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), can respond to various volatiles, but the underlying mechanism of odorant perception for this insect is poorly understood. Here, we cloned A. mali's odorant-binding proteins 3 (AmalOBP3) and 8 (AmalOBP8) and characterized their expression patterns and binding profiles. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that AmalOBP3 and AmalOBP8 were distributed in the classic and minus-C OBP subfamily, respectively. AmalOBP3 was specifically and abundantly expressed in antennae of both sexes. AmalOBP8 displayed high transcript levels in antennae of both sexes, abdomens of males, and wings of both sexes. Both AmalOBPs exhibited much higher expression in male antennae than in female antennae, suggesting that they could be important in perception of male-specific olfactory cues (e.g., some sex pheromones). Out of the 40 odorant ligands tested, AmalOBP3 and AmalOBP8 bound to 15 and 21 different odorants, respectively, indicating a distinct and selective binding profile for them. Both AmalOBPs seemed to have very strong binding affinity to aliphatic alcohols and aldehydes with 12 to 15 carbon atoms. Alcohols, esters, and terpenoids were more likely to be good ligands for both AmalOBPs than aldehydes and alkanes. Together with its broad expression in different tissues, strong binding with higher numbers of putative ligands for AmalOPB8 means that this protein can have more extensive functional roles in chemosensation of A. mali. Our results provide insights into the molecular basis of chemosensation in A. mali, as well as a basis for developing detection, monitoring, and management tools for this serious pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas (Northwest A&F University), Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Deguang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas (Northwest A&F University), Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Keke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas (Northwest A&F University), Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yang He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas (Northwest A&F University), Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaoqin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas (Northwest A&F University), Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
- College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
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10
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Waris MI, Younas A, Ul Qamar MT, Hao L, Ameen A, Ali S, Abdelnabby HE, Zeng FF, Wang MQ. Silencing of Chemosensory Protein Gene NlugCSP8 by RNAi Induces Declining Behavioral Responses of Nilaparvata lugens. Front Physiol 2018; 9:379. [PMID: 29706901 PMCID: PMC5906745 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) play imperative functions in chemical and biochemical signaling of insects, as they distinguish and transfer ecological chemical indications to a sensory system in order to initiate behavioral responses. The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stål (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), has emerged as the most destructive pest, causing serious damage to rice in extensive areas throughout Asia. Biotic characteristics like monophagy, dual wing forms, and annual long-distance migration imply a critical role of chemoreception in N. lugens. In this study, we cloned the full-length CSP8 gene from N. lugens. Protein sequence analysis indicated that NlugCSP8 shared high sequence resemblance with the CSPs of other insect family members and had the typical four-cysteine signature. Analysis of gene expression indicated that NlugCSP8 mRNA was specifically expressed in the wings of mated 3-day brachypterous females with a 175-fold difference compare to unmated 3-day brachypterous females. The NlugCSP8 mRNA was also highly expressed in the abdomen of unmated 5-day brachypterous males and correlated to the age, gender, adult wing form, and mating status. A competitive ligand-binding assay demonstrated that ligands with long chain carbon atoms, nerolidol, hexanal, and trans-2-hexenal were able to bind to NlugCSP8 in declining order of affinity. By using bioinformatics techniques, three-dimensional protein structure modeling and molecular docking, the binding sites of NlugCSP8 to the volatiles which had high binding affinity were predicted. In addition, behavioral experiments using the compounds displaying the high binding affinity for the NlugCSP8, revealed four compounds able to elicit significant behavioral responses from N. lugens. The in vivo functions of NlugCSP8 were further confirmed through the testing of RNAi and post-RNAi behavioral experiments. The results revealed that reduction in NlugCSP8 transcript abundance caused a decrease in behavioral response to representative attractants. An enhanced understanding of the NlugCSP8 is expected to contribute in the improvement of more effective and eco-friendly control strategies of BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad I Waris
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Aneela Younas
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Liu Hao
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Asif Ameen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Saqib Ali
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hazem Elewa Abdelnabby
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Fang-Fang Zeng
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Man-Qun Wang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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He P, Li ZQ, Zhang YF, Chen L, Wang J, Xu L, Zhang YN, He M. Identification of odorant-binding and chemosensory protein genes and the ligand affinity of two of the encoded proteins suggest a complex olfactory perception system in Periplaneta americana. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 26:687-701. [PMID: 28719023 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) is an urban pest with a precise chemosensory system that helps it achieve complex physiological behaviours, including locating food and mating. However, its chemosensory mechanisms have not been well studied. Here, we identified 71 putative odorant carrier protein genes in P. americana, including 57 new odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) and 11 chemosensory proteins (CSPs). To identify their physiological functions, we investigated their tissue expression patterns in antennae, mouthparts, legs, and the remainder of the body of both sexes, and determined that most of these genes were expressed in chemosensory organs. A phylogenetic tree showed that the putative pheromone-binding proteins of P. americana were in different clades from those of moths. Two genes, PameOBP24 and PameCSP7, were expressed equally in antennae of both sexes and highly expressed amongst the OBPs and CSPs. These genes were expressed in Escherichia coli and the resultant proteins were purified. The binding affinities of 74 common odorant compounds were tested with recombinant PameOBP24 and PameCSP7. Both proteins bound a variety of ligands. Our findings provide a foundation for future research into the chemosensory mechanisms of P. americana and help in identifying potential target genes for managing this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- P He
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
| | - Z-Q Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y-F Zhang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - L Chen
- The High Educational Key Laboratory of Guizhou Province for Natural Medicinal Pharmacology and Druggability, Guizhou Medical University, Guian, Guizhou, China
| | - J Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
| | - L Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Y-N Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, China
| | - M He
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang, China
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