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Di Stolfo G, Pacilli MA, Seripa D, De Luca G, Urbano M, Coli C, Gravina C, Greco A, Potenza DR, Salvatori MP, Schernthaner GH, Poredos P, Catalano M, Mastroianno S. Involvement of APOE in Incidence of Revascularization in Patients Affected by Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Prospective Study from Southern Italy. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5178. [PMID: 37629219 PMCID: PMC10455789 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial disease and apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphism has been associated with cardiovascular events. The APOE gene, located on chromosome 19q13.2, has an important role in lipid metabolism, in particular on circulating cholesterol levels, implying further pleiotropic effects; from its polymorphism are derived three alleles (ε2, ε3 and ε4), which induce different phenotypes, while its impact on carotid and femoral atherosclerosis is still controversial. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between APOE genotypes and peripheral revascularization in a cohort of patients affected by advanced peripheral arterial disease (PAD) at a prolonged follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS Some 332 patients (259 males and 73 females; mean age 70.86 ± 7.95 years) with severe PAD were enrolled in a longitudinal study, with a 90.75 ± 32.25 month follow-up, assessing major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). RESULTS As compared with ε3/ε3, in ε4 patients we observed a significant higher incidence of carotid (13.2% vs. 5.6%; HR = 2.485, 95% CI 1.062-5.814; p = 0.036) and lower limb (11.8% vs. 4.3%; HR = 2.765, 95% CI 1.091-7.008; p = 0.032) revascularizations and, accordingly, a higher incidence of total peripheral revascularizations (13.5% vs. 9.5%; HR = 2.705, 95% CI 1.420-5.151; p = 0.002). HR remained statistically significant even when adjusted for classic cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS In our observational study, we confirm that the ε4 allele is associated with higher total peripheral revascularization in patients with advanced atherosclerotic vascular disease at prolonged follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Di Stolfo
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Michele Antonio Pacilli
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Davide Seripa
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievodella Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Luca
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Maria Urbano
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievodella Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Carlo Coli
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Carolina Gravina
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievodella Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Antonio Greco
- Complex Structure of Geriatrics, Medical Sciences Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievodella Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Domenico Rosario Potenza
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Mauro Pellegrino Salvatori
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Gerit-Holger Schernthaner
- Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine 2, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pavel Poredos
- Department of Vascular Diseases, University Medical Center Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mariella Catalano
- Research Center on Vascular Diseases and Angiology Unit, University of Milan, L. Sacco Hospital, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Sandra Mastroianno
- Cardiovascular Department, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
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Apolipoprotein E Gene Polymorphism, Glycated Hemoglobin, and Peripheral Arterial Disease Risk in Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Patients. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2020:6040525. [PMID: 32211081 PMCID: PMC7085830 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6040525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene polymorphism has been found to influence plasma lipid concentration, and its correlation with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has been investigated. However, it is unclear whether ApoE is associated with PAD in Chinese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Therefore, our study is aimed at investigating the relationship between the ApoE gene polymorphism and PAD in Chinese T2DM patients. Methods A total of 192 T2DM patients were divided into two groups: T2DM and T2DM with PAD. The clinical and biochemical parameters were obtained. Polymerase chain reaction was used to identify the genotypes of ApoE. The multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify the possible risk factor for PAD. Results There were no significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of ApoE between the T2DM and T2DM with PAD groups. However, the T2DM with PAD group tended to have more ε4/ε4/ Conclusions These results demonstrated that there was no evidence of a relationship between ApoE and PAD.
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Zheng H, Zeng Z, Wen H, Wang P, Huang C, Huang P, Chen Q, Gong D, Qiu X. Application of Genome-Wide Association Studies in Coronary Artery Disease. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:4274-4286. [PMID: 31692429 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666191105125148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex disease caused by the combination of environmental and genetic factors. It is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world. Much research has been focussed on CAD genetic mechanism. In recent years, genome-wide association study (GWAS) has developed rapidly around the world. Medical researchers around the world have successfully discovered a series of CAD genetic susceptibility genes or susceptible loci using medical research strategies, leading CAD research toward a new stage. This paper briefly summarizes the important progress made by GWAS for CAD in the world in recent years, and then analyzes the challenges faced by GWAS at this stage and the development trend of future research, to promote the transformation of genetic research results into clinical practice and provide guidance for further exploration of the genetic mechanism of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilei Zheng
- Department of Medical Examination & Health Management, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiyu Zeng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Elderly Cardiology Ward, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Wen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Elderly Comprehensive Ward, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Medical Examination & Health Management, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chunxia Huang
- Department of Medical Examination & Health Management, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Medical Examination & Health Management, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingyun Chen
- Department of Medical Examination & Health Management, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Danping Gong
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Elderly Cardiology Ward, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoling Qiu
- Department of Population Health Science, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, NC27708, United States.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention, Nanning, Guangxi, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Gulec-Yilmaz S, Gulec H, Ogut DB, Cetin B, Gormus U, Isbir T. Association between apolipoprotein E genotypes and panic disorder in Turkish population. Nord J Psychiatry 2018; 72:477-483. [PMID: 29888635 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2018.1482957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM In this study, we aimed to investigate possible interactions among the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) and panic disorder (PD), taking into account serum cholesterol levels and subfractions. METHODS ApoE genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction in DNA samples of PD patient group (n = 45) and healthy control group (n = 50). The serum lipid levels, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfraction analysis were examined. RESULTS There was a significant difference of ApoE genotypes in patient and control groups. The E3/E3 genotypes lower whereas E4 allele carriers were significantly higher in PD group ApoE4allele carriers had 3.2-fold higher risk of PD. PD group had significantly lower LDL and HDL levels. In spite of the decreased levels of total LDL, antiatherogenic large LDL subgroup was significantly lower in a patient with PD. Antiatherogenic large HDL and Intermediate HDL levels were lower, while atherogenic small HDL subfraction was significantly higher in PD group. Furthermore, Apo E3/E3 genotype carriers had significantly higher large LDL, HDL, large HDL, intermediate HDL level, and also had highest HDL between all the groups. ApoE4 allele carriers while they had highest atherogenic small HDL level. CONCLUSION E4 allele can be associated with PD as an eligible risk factor, the E3/E3 could be a risk-reducing factor for PD. Patients with PD not only had lower LDL and HDL levels but also they have higher atherogenic LDL and HDL subfractions. Also, E3/E3 genotype carriers had convenient but ApoE4 carriers had atherogenic plasma cholesterol levels and subfractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Gulec-Yilmaz
- a Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences , Yeditepe University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Huseyin Gulec
- b Erenkoy Mental and Neurological Disease Training and Research Hospital , University of Health Sciences , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Dicle Bilge Ogut
- b Erenkoy Mental and Neurological Disease Training and Research Hospital , University of Health Sciences , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Bugra Cetin
- c Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine , Maltepe University , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Uzay Gormus
- d Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Turgay Isbir
- e Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine , Yeditepe University , Istanbul , Turkey
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