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Verelst E, Buls N, De Mey J, Nieboer KH, Vandenbergh F, Crotty D, Deak P, Sundvall A, Holmin S, De Smet A, Provyn S, Van Gompel G. Stent appearance in a novel silicon-based photon-counting CT prototype: ex vivo phantom study in head-to-head comparison with conventional energy-integrating CT. Eur Radiol Exp 2023; 7:23. [PMID: 37097376 PMCID: PMC10130245 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-023-00333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, stent appearance in a novel silicon-based photon-counting computed tomography (Si-PCCT) prototype was compared with a conventional energy-integrating detector CT (EIDCT) system. METHODS An ex vivo phantom was created, consisting of a 2% agar-water mixture, in which human-resected and stented arteries were individually embedded. Using similar technique parameters, helical scan data was acquired using a novel prototype Si-PCCT and a conventional EIDCT system at a volumetric CT dose index (CTDIvol) of 9 mGy. Reconstructions were made at 502 and 1502 mm2 field-of-views (FOVs) using a bone kernel and adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction with 0% blending. Using a 5-point Likert scale, reader evaluations were performed on stent appearance, blooming and inter-stent visibility. Quantitative image analysis was performed on stent diameter accuracy, blooming and inter-stent distinction. Qualitative and quantitative differences between Si-PCCT and EIDCT systems were tested with a Wilcoxon signed-rank test and a paired samples t-test, respectively. Inter- and intra-reader agreement was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS Qualitatively, Si-PCCT images were rated higher than EIDCT images at 150-mm FOV, based on stent appearance (p = 0.026) and blooming (p = 0.015), with a moderate inter- (ICC = 0.50) and intra-reader (ICC = 0.60) agreement. Quantitatively, Si-PCCT yielded more accurate diameter measurements (p = 0.001), reduced blooming (p < 0.001) and improved inter-stent distinction (p < 0.001). Similar trends were observed for the images reconstructed at 50-mm FOV. CONCLUSIONS When compared to EIDCT, the improved spatial resolution of Si-PCCT yields enhanced stent appearance, more accurate diameter measurements, reduced blooming and improved inter-stent distinction. KEY POINTS • This study evaluated stent appearance in a novel silicon-based photon-counting computed tomography (Si-PCCT) prototype. • Compared to standard CT, Si-PCCT resulted in more accurate stent diameter measurements. • Si-PCCT also reduced blooming artefacts and improved inter-stent visibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Verelst
- Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZB), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Nico Buls
- Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZB), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Johan De Mey
- Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZB), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Koenraad Hans Nieboer
- Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZB), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Frans Vandenbergh
- Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZB), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Paul Deak
- GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI, 53188, USA
| | - Albert Sundvall
- Department of Medical Radiation Physics and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Staffan Holmin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Neuroradiology, 171 74, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aron De Smet
- Anatomical Research Training and Education, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven Provyn
- Anatomical Research Training and Education, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gert Van Gompel
- Department of Radiology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZB), Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium
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Puricelli F, Voges I, Gatehouse P, Rigby M, Izgi C, Pennell DJ, Krupickova S. Performance of Cardiac MRI in Pediatric and Adult Patients with Fontan Circulation. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging 2022; 4:e210235. [PMID: 35833165 PMCID: PMC9274315 DOI: 10.1148/ryct.210235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac MRI has become a widely accepted standard for anatomic and functional assessment of complex Fontan physiology, because it is noninvasive and suitable for comprehensive follow-up evaluation after Fontan completion. The use of cardiac MRI in pediatric and adult patients after completion of the Fontan procedure are described, and a practical and experience-based cardiac MRI protocol for evaluating these patients is provided. The current approach and study protocol in use at the authors' institution are presented, which address technical considerations concerning sequences, planning, and optimal image acquisition in patients with Fontan circulation. Additionally, for each sequence, the information that can be obtained and guidance on how to integrate it into clinical decision-making is discussed. Keywords: Pediatrics, MRI, MRI Functional Imaging, Heart, Congenital © RSNA, 2022.
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Barrera CA, Otero HJ, White AM, Saul D, Biko DM. Image quality and radiation dose of ECG-triggered High-Pitch Dual-Source cardiac computed tomography angiography in children for the evaluation of central vascular stents. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 35:367-374. [PMID: 30684082 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-019-01539-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Assess image quality and radiation dose of ECG-triggered High-Pitch Dual-Source CTA for the evaluation central vascular stents in children. We included all children ≤ 21 years old with one or more central vascular stents and available prospective ECG-triggered High-Pitch Dual-Source CTA performed at our institution between January 2015 and August 2017. Demographic and scanner information was retrieved. Two board-certified pediatric radiologists blinded to the clinical data, independently reviewed and scored each case using a four-point quality score. Scores 1, 2 and 3 were considered of diagnostic image quality. Inter-observer agreement and non-parametric test were used. 18 patients (10 girls, 8 boys) with a mean age of 9.47 ± 7.38 years (mean ± SD) met inclusion criteria. Thirty-two central vascular stents were evaluated. Mean quality score was 2.07 ± 0.94 with 12.5% (4/32) of the cases classified as unevaluable. Interobserver agreement was excellent (k = 0.86). There is no significant difference between quality score and stent location (p = 0.07). There is a significant difference with stent material as all non-diagnostic scores were only seen in covered stents made of platinum-iridium (p < 0.001). There was no association between image quality and age, height, weight, BSA, heart rate, radiation dose or stent lumen size (p > 0.05). ECG-triggered high-pitch spiral DS-CTA offers appropriate image quality for assessment of central vascular stents in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Barrera
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Hansel J Otero
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ammie M White
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Saul
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David M Biko
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Boccalini S, den Harder AM, Witsenburg M, Breur JPJM, Krestin GP, van Beynum IM, Attrach M, Stagnaro N, Marasini M, de Jong PA, Leiner T, Budde RPJ. Computed tomography image quality of aortic stents in patients with aortic coarctation: a multicentre evaluation. Eur Radiol Exp 2018; 2:17. [PMID: 33252748 PMCID: PMC6091724 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-018-0046-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stents are commonly used to treat aortic coarctation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-implantation computed tomography (CT) image quality of different stent types used to treat aortic coarctation. METHODS Adult and paediatric patients with stent-treated aortic coarctation who underwent contrast-enhanced CT were retrospectively included from three tertiary care centres. CT scans were subjectively scored for image quality using a 4-point scale (1 = unacceptable; 2 = poor; 3 = good; 4 = excellent). Furthermore, the amount of stent-induced blooming artefacts was measured as the percentage of the difference between outer and inner stent diameters over the outer stent diameter. RESULTS A total of 35 children and 34 adults implanted with 71 stents of six different types were included. The most commonly used stent type was the Cheatham Platinum stent (52 stents, 73%). The subjective image quality of the Cheatham Platinum stents was moderate with a score of 2.0±0.8 (mean ± standard deviation) in children and 2.3±0.6 in adults. The image quality in patients with Formula stents was 2.3±1.2. The Cheatham Platinum stents induced 34-48% blooming, the Formula stents 44-55%. The image quality in patients with the less commonly used Atrium Advanta V12, IntraStent, AndraStent and Palmaz stents was scored 3 (good) to 4 (excellent) with less blooming. The electrocardiographic gating and tube voltage (kVp) did not affect image quality. CONCLUSIONS There is a substantial variation in CT image quality and blooming artefacts for different stent types used to treat aortic coarctation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Boccalini
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Annemarie M den Harder
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Witsenburg
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes P J M Breur
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriel P Krestin
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid M van Beynum
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamed Attrach
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicola Stagnaro
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Marasini
- Department of Cardiology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via Gerolamo Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pim A de Jong
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Leiner
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ricardo P J Budde
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Abdollahzadeh Jamalabadi MY, Daqiqshirazi M, Nasiri H, Safaei MR, Nguyen TK. Modeling and analysis of biomagnetic blood Carreau fluid flow through a stenosis artery with magnetic heat transfer: A transient study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192138. [PMID: 29489852 PMCID: PMC5830309 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a numerical investigation of tapered arteries that addresses the transient simulation of non-Newtonian bio-magnetic fluid dynamics (BFD) of blood through a stenosis artery in the presence of a transverse magnetic field. The current model is consistent with ferro-hydrodynamic (FHD) and magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) principles. In the present work, blood in small arteries is analyzed using the Carreau-Yasuda model. The arterial wall is assumed to be fixed with cosine geometry for the stenosis. A parametric study was conducted to reveal the effects of the stenosis intensity and the Hartman number on a wide range of flow parameters, such as the flow velocity, temperature, and wall shear stress. Current findings are in a good agreement with recent findings in previous research studies. The results show that wall temperature control can keep the blood in its ideal blood temperature range (below 40°C) and that a severe pressure drop occurs for blockages of more than 60 percent. Additionally, with an increase in the Ha number, a velocity drop in the blood vessel is experienced.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hossein Nasiri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Daneshpajoohan Higher Education Institute, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Safaei
- Division of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- * E-mail:
| | - Truong Khang Nguyen
- Division of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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den Harder AM, Suchá D, van Doormaal PJ, Budde RPJ, de Jong PA, Schilham AMR, Breur JMPJ, Leiner T. Radiation dose reduction in pediatric great vessel stent computed tomography using iterative reconstruction: A phantom study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175714. [PMID: 28410386 PMCID: PMC5391930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study dose reduction using iterative reconstruction (IR) for pediatric great vessel stent computed tomography (CT). METHODS Five different great vessel stents were separately placed in a gel-containing plastic holder within an anthropomorphic chest phantom. The stent lumen was filled with diluted contrast gel. CT acquisitions were performed at routine dose, 52% and 81% reduced dose and reconstructed with filtered back projection (FBP) and IR. Objective image quality in terms of noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) as well as subjective image quality were evaluated. RESULTS Noise, SNR and CNR were improved with IR at routine and 52% reduced dose, compared to FBP at routine dose. The lowest dose level resulted in decreased objective image quality with both FBP and IR. Subjective image quality was excellent at all dose levels. CONCLUSION IR resulted in improved objective image quality at routine dose and 52% reduced dose, while objective image quality deteriorated at 81% reduced dose. Subjective image quality was not affected by dose reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie M. den Harder
- Department of Radiology, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Dominika Suchá
- Department of Radiology, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Pim A. de Jong
- Department of Radiology, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arnold M. R. Schilham
- Department of Radiology, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes M. P. J. Breur
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Leiner
- Department of Radiology, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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