Wyrzykowska-Ceradini B, Calfee MW, Touati A, Wood J, Mickelsen RL, Miller L, Colby M, Slone C, Gatchalian NG, Pongur SG, Aslett D. The use of bacteriophage MS2 for the development and application of a virucide decontamination test method for porous and heavily soiled surfaces.
J Appl Microbiol 2019;
127:1315-1326. [PMID:
31379024 DOI:
10.1111/jam.14406]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS
(i) To develop an analytical method for recovery and quantification of bacteriophage MS2-as a surrogate for foot-and-mouth disease virus-from complex porous surfaces, with and without the presence of laboratory-developed agricultural grime; (ii) to evaluate, with a 4-log dynamic range, the virucidal activity of common biocides for their ability to decontaminate surfaces and hence remediate facilities, following a foreign animal disease contamination incident.
METHODS AND RESULTS
An analytical method was developed and optimized for MS2 recovery from simulated agricultural surfaces. The addition of Dey-Engley neutralizing broth to an extraction buffer improved MS2 viability in liquid extracts, with optimal analytical holding times determined as <8 to ≤24 h, depending on matrix. The recovery of MS2 from surface materials decreased in the order: nonporous reference material >grimed porous materials >nongrimed porous materials. In disinfectant testing, two spray applications of pAB were effective against MS2 (≥4-log reduction) on all operational-scale materials. Two per cent citric acid had limited effectiveness, with a ≥4-log reduction observed on a selected subset of grimed concrete samples.
CONCLUSIONS
Decontamination efficacy test results can be affected by surface characteristics, extraction buffer composition, analytical holding time and surface-specific organism survivability. Efficacy should be evaluated using a test method that reflects the environmental characteristics of the intended application.
SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY
The results of this study demonstrate the importance of analytical method verification tests for disinfectant testing prior to application in complex environments.
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